AP Board

Telangana SCERT 8th Class English Guide Telangana State Unit 1A The Tattered Blanket Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 8th Class English Guide Unit 1A The Tattered Blanket

PRE-READING (Motivation/Picture Interaction):

Look at the pictures and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
What do you observe in the pictures ?
Answer:
These two pictures are family photographs. The first photograph with limited members reflects a nuclear family. In this photograph we can see a husband and a wife with their two children. The second photograph with many members reflects a joint family. In this photograph we can see the people of three generations. There are grandmother and father, sons and daughters and grandchildren.

Question 2.
What type of families do we find in our present society ? Why ?
Answer:
We find nuclear families in our present society nowadays. Formation of nuclear families started during the last four decades. Many changes took place in family culture and society. The needs of family were increased to a large extent in financial matters. Modernisation and industrialisation took place. People feel that smaller family units could move more easily to find economic opportunities in other areas. People who are educated in a family should move from their home towns in search of jobs.

Question 3.
Which family do you like ? Why ?
Answer:
I like joint family. The joint families are happy ones. The elders in the joint family with their vast experience give good pieces of advice to the younger ones and put them in right direction. The younger ones learn co-operation, sacrifice, selfless service, obedience, sympathy and broad-minded nature, etc. The child, the employed, the sick, the aged and physically disabled people are well taken care of. There would be more affection and love among the members of the joint family.
(OR)
I like small family. Small families help every country in controlling the growth of population. A small family promises well-fed and healthy family members. Parents in a small family can pay due attention to the upbringing and needs of their children. The children are exposed to more educational, intellectual and cultural opportunities. Hence, I can say that a small family is a happy family.

ORAL DISCOURSE

Question.
Debate : “Small families are happy families.”
Answer:
Child 1 : I personally feel that small families are happy families. The living cost of larger family is much higher as it needs to expend more on food, cloths, education and other things when we compare with the expenses of a small family. A small family promises well-fed and healthy family members. In a small family, kids receive more love and attention from the parents.

Child 2 : In my opinion, large families which have more members are happy families. In large families children get a chance to receive more feedback from peers about the way they act and they have more opportunities to interact with peers. In a small family, it is hard to find someone that one can get along with, so one feels lonely.

Child 1 : My knowledgeable opponent is of the opinion that large families are happy families. I am sorry to differ with him/her. Children from small families fare better than children from large families. In small families, parents have more time to devote to the caring of children. Parents look after them well.

Child 2 : I disagree with my opponent’s opinion. In big families, children learn empathy, teamplaying, time management and how to avoid disputes.

Child 1 : It’s my feeling that parents in a small family can fulfil the needs of one or two kids. They can pay due attention to their upbringing and needs. In a big family, parents can’t give their best support to everyone but in a small family, parents have few children to look after so they can give more support to them.

Child 2 : That’s purely your idea but the reality is different. I think that it is a blessing to have a big family. If we have aunts, uncles and others along with us we learn more from them. With their vast experience, they give good pieces of advice to the younger ones and put them in the right direction.

Child 1 : I don’t agree with my worthy opponent. Small families help every country in controlling the growth of population. The growth in population effects the quality of life.

Child 2 : I feel that everyone would take care of everyone else in a big family. The child finds a lovely time playing with his/her peers. The old people have the company of younger ones.

Child 1 : In my opinion, small families provide a good environment for children to grow up. In a small family, children are exposed to more educational, intellectual and cultural opportunities. In a large family there is a lack of privacy but it is not the case with a small family. Hence I opine that small families are happy families.

Child 2 : I feel that parents in a large family divide the chores and responsibilities among the children so they can do work faster. The holidays can be more festive with all the members of the family. They celebrate together each and every important occasion. Therefore I conclude that large/big families are happy ones. I prefer to be a member of a big family.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Why didn’t the mother recognise Gopi ? How did he feel?
Answer:
The mother did not recognise Gopi because she lost her power of memory. He was not much worried. He took it in an easy manner.

Question 2.
Why do you think Gopi didn’t get anything for his mother?
Answer:
Gopi has no love for his mother. It is proved when he came back home after five years. That too, to ask his sister to sell his share of property for getting money.

Question 3.
The mother could not remember Gopi. Do you think Gopi remembered his mother? What does it suggest?
Answer:
Gopi did not remember his mother. He came to see her after five years. That too, with the intention of asking his sister to sell his share of property for getting money. It suggests that he has no love for his mother.

Question 4.
What is meant by the expression the ‘tattered blanket’?
Answer:
In the light of the lesson the ‘tattered blanket’ means a ‘wounded soul’.

Question 5.
Why didn’t Gopi answer his sister’s question, ‘Do you remember your Amma?’
Answer:
Gopi did not answer his sister’s question whether he remembered his Amma because he ”eally did not remember his mother.

Question 6.
If you were Gopi’s sister, how would you respond to his behaviour?
Answer:
If I were Gopi’s sister, I would be angry with him. I would not allow him to sell his share of property.

Vocabulary:

I. Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate words from the box. Remember, the box has some extra words.

Question 1.
All my attempts to make him happy proved ________.
Answer:
futile

Question 2.
It was very cold. So, ________ in a corner.
Answer:
huddled

Question 3.
Forced by her parents, Sita ________ took the diploma course.
Answer:
exasperatedly

Question 4.
What are you ________? I can’t hear you.
Answer:
mumbling

Question 5.
The news that he was denied promotion caused ________ to him.
Answer:
irritation

II. Tick (✓) the words that are similar in meaning to the underlined words.

Question 1.
His mother made a futile attempt to get up.
a. barren
b. limited
c. useless
d. empty
Answer:
c. useless

Question 2.
It’s all tattered now.
a. spoiled
b. old
c. dirty
d. tom
Answer:
d. tom

Question 3.
There is a cold mist in the mornings.
a. ice
b. snow
c. fog
d. win
Answer:
c. fog

Question 4.
It’s iust like a bali of knotted yarn.
a. very small
b. rounded tightly
c. joined
d. tied
Answer:
b. rounded tightly

Question 5.
I can’t make both ends meet with my salary.
a. earn a lot of money
b. spend a lot of money
c. earn just enough money
d. give all that one has
Answer:
c. earn just enough money

Grammar:

Phrases and Noun Phrases:

I. Look at the following sentences from the text and observe the underlined part in each sentence.

She saw a bald, fat, middle-aged man.
Discussion :
• Which word in the underlined part is important?
• The underlined part in the above sentence has more than one word. It is called a phrase.
• The underlined part ‘a bald, fat middle-aged man’ functions as a Noun Phrase.
• Here the word ‘man’ is important and all other words add more information to that word. So it is called a Noun Phrase.

Detailed Information on Noun Phrases:

A noun phrase includes a noun—a person, place, or thing—and the modifiers which distinguish it.

You can find the noun dog in a sentence, for example, but you don’t know which canine the writer means until you consider the entire noun phrase: that dog, uncle Raju’s dog, the dog on the sofa, the neighbor’s dog that chases our cat, the dog digging in the new flower bed.

Modifiers can come before or after the noun. The ones that come before might include articles, possessive nouns, possessive pronouns, adjectives, and/or participles.
Articles: a dog, the dog

Possessive nouns:
uncle Raju’s dog,
the neighbor’s dog,
the police officer’s dog

Possessive pronouns: our dog, her dog, their dog
Adjectives: that dog, the big dog, the spotted dog
Participles: the drooling dog, the barking dog, the well trained dog

Modifiers that come after the noun might include prepositional phrases, adjective clauses, participle phrases, and/or infinitives.

Prepositional phrases: a dog on the loose, the dog in the front seat, the dog behind the fence
Adjective clauses: the dog that chases cats, the dog that looks lost, the dog that won the championship
Participle phrases: the dog whining for a treat, the dog clipped at the groom¬ing salon, the dog walked daily
Infinitives: the dog to catch, the dog to train, the dog to adopt

Less frequently, a noun phrase will have a pronoun as its base—a word like we, everybody, etc.—and the modifiers which distinguish it. Read these examples: We who were green with envy
We = subject pronoun; who were green with envy = modifier.
Someone intelligent
Someone = indefinite pronoun; intelligent — modifier.
No one important
No one = indefinite pronoun; important – modifier.

Textual Exercise – 1

Identify some more noun phrases from the story and write them below.
Answer:
a. a futile attempt
b. a thin bath towel
c. her wrinkled cheeks
d. my salary
e. a long time
f. a red blanket
g. a great help

Textual Exercise – 2

Complete the sentences with noun phrases using the words given in brackets.

Question 1.
I bought ________, (beautiful/a/umbrella/red).
Answer:
I bought a beautiful red umbrella.

Question 2.
We saw ________ in the zoo. (baby/a/elephants/of/couple).
Answer:
We saw a couple of baby elephants in the zoo.

Question 3.
Our grandfather lives in ________ (big/house/a/stone-built).
Answer:
Our grandfather lives in a big stone-built house.

Question 4.
Ramya has ________ (nice/a/sari/silk).
Answer:
Ramya has a nice silk sari.

Writing:

I. Read the following paragraph, taken from the story.

Delhi is too expensive. You know I have four children to look after now. I can’t make both ends meet with my salary. And one has to keep up one’s status. It will be a great help if I can raise some money by selling my share of the family property. I came to talk it over with you.

Now, write a short essay on how to keep up family ties despite economic pressures (You may use the hints given below).

• Impact of economic pressures
• Lack of time to spend with the family
• Lack of love and affection
• Absence of human relationships

Answer:
What makes us happy? Is it money, job, house, clothes, rich food, luxury or something else? Yes, it is something else. It is healthy relationship among family members – dad, mom, children, husband, wife etc. We deeply desire to live happily. The impact of economic pressures, lack of time to spend with the family, lack of love and affection among the members of the family and absence of human relationships have played a vital role in destroying the family ties in recent times. To avoid this and keep the family ties in a good condition we have to take care.

We, Indians give strong values to family relationships. It is our culture that has been followed from olden days. In earlier days and in some parts of India, still there are joint families. Joint families comprise many people – father, mother, children, grandparents, grandchildren etc. In these families, there will be a strict hierarchy. The elder person in the family will be the head of the family. Ladies do household duties, look after their children, take care of their husband and parents etc. There will be a number of children in a joint family. They will learn to share what they have with others, to love and respect elders, to adjust themselves to the society or others from their younger age.

But nowadays the number of joint families is getting low (decreasing). Parents are working. Children are studying apart from their parents. They can’t always stay together with their grandparents. Thus the concept of nuclear families has emerged. In nuclear families, there will be father, mother and at most two children. The parents take -care of their children. Also the income of parents is more compared to those in olden days.

Traditions give us a feeling of security — an important thing for adults and children. They help us feel that the world is a good place and life is worth living. They can be especially important when there are transitions in family life. Economic pressures are common in everybody’s life. So don’t allow them dominate your family relationships. People are busy nowadays.

They usually don’t find time to spend with the members of their family. But we should spend our leisure time and holidays for our children and other members of the family. The first road block in the path of healthy relationship is non communication or critical communication. So we should have effective and positive communication with our family on regular basis.

Let the television be silent. Let us listen to our brothers, sisters, children, husband, wife, grandfather and grandchildren. We should show our love and affection in time of need. In a family it is important to show affection to each other. A family can grow closer as they receive love and support from each other. When we are interested in others and kind to them, we begin to understand and appreciate them more. We also begin to understand how much our kindness means to others. When family members show kindness to each other, families work together better. One thing that can help is being able to understand how others feel. Understanding how others feel is called empathy.

Listening:

I. Listen to your teacher making an announcement and answer the following questions.

An Announcement on the Radio

Prashanth, a thirteen year old boy has been missing since last Sunday. The boy is in blue trousers and pink T-shirt. He can speak Telugu, Hindi and English. He has fair complexion. He is fond of movies. His parents are much worried about him. Whoever finds Prashanth will be rewarded. You may contact the Sub-Inspector of Police, Vidya Nagar, Thiruvananthapuram. (Mobile No. 99XXXXXX00)

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What is the announcement about?
Answer:
The announcement is about the missing of a thirteen-year-old boy, Prashanth.

Question 2.
What are the features of Prashanth?
Answer:
Prashanth is in blue trousers and pink T-shirt. He has fair complexion.

Question 3.
Where do you generally listen to such announcements?
Answer:
We generally listen to such announcements in crowded places like bus stops, markets etc.

Question 4.
Think of some announcement you may make or listen at school.
Answer:
A boy from the dais of a school assembly says ‘My school bag is missing. It is red. It consists of 6 textbooks, 10 notebooks, a compass box and my lunch box. Whoever finds my bag will be rewarded with a 5 star chocolate. You may contact me at Class – VIII, Section – ‘A’. My name is Vinay Kumar.

Question 5.
What are the other ways to trace the missing persons or things?
Answer:
Sticking posters on walls, giving announcements in newspapers, announcing on TV, publishing pamphlets etc., are the other ways to trace the missing persons or things.

Study Skills:

Family related information.

Is yours a nuclear or joint family ?
Now write a paragraph describing the types of families using the information given in the above tree diagram.
Write which type of family you prefer and why.
Answer:
Types of Families:

Nuclear Family:

A nuclear family is a family group consisting of father and mother and their children, who share living quarters. This can be contrasted with an extended family.

Nuclear family grows out of joint/extended family when there is migration from village to city for employment or other reasons where joint family is not possible due to paucity of needed larger residential accommodation, different occupation etc. That is why it is mainly seen in urban areas, cities and metropolis.

Nuclear families may also exist in rural areas because the joint family cannot go on indefinitely owing to physical and social limitations. There is a limit to the number of people a house can accommodate and thus, there is bound to be fission into smaller nuclear families in the family cycle of development.

Merits of a Nuclear Family :
Unlike the joint family, there is greater degree of freedom for spouses in the nuclear family. The status of the woman is higher and she often takes up employment outside the home. The material well-being of children, such as healthcare and education, is higher because of more resources available. Nuclear families are adaptable to social change.

Drawbacks :
The nuclear family misses all the advantages of joint living. It is too isolated and uncon-nected to elicit support or assistance during need or crisis. Its limited size poses practical problems for child rearing and care, more so when the mother works outside.

Children are deprived of a wider social world, emotional bonding, love and affection that a joint family provides. The old parents are left in the village or at old age homes without personal care.

Joint Family :

Joint Family is an extended family arrangement prevalent among the Hindus of the Indian subcontinent, consisting of many generations living under the same roof.

All the male members are blood relatives and all the women are either mothers, wives, unmarried daughters, or widowed relatives, all bound by the common relationship. The joint family status being the result of birth, possession of joint cord that knits the members of the family together is not property but the relationship.

Six key aspects of Joint Family are :

• head of the family takes all decisions
• all members live under one roof
• share the same kitchen
• three generations living together (though often two or more brothers live together, or father and son live together or all the descendants of male live together)
• income and expenditure in a common pool, property held together.
• a common place of worship
• all decisions are made by the male head of the family.

Merits of a Joint Family :

The joint family is ideally suited for land-based rural families for its economic, social and psychological advantages. The joint operation of property allows increased efficiency of pooled labour and economies of a single kitchen and household. It provides for efficient geriatric and childcare, as there are many women to look after them.

This enables mothers to work in fields or do household work. Children grow up with care, love and affection from grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins etc., besides their own parents. Joint family is an ideal setting to learn virtues of co-operation and collective living for the young people.

Family festivals and occasions can be celebrated more elegantly, enhancing the prestige of all the members. In general, joint family ensures the happiness and well-being of all its members.

Joint families may also own industries/business (besides agriculture). There are many well known industry/business houses running their enterprises jointly owned them by brothers etc., in a joint family.

Drawbacks :
The system is not without disadvantages though. Women in general have a low status and are often excluded from decision-making. There is little freedom for junior male members. The family, more based on tradition, may not be open to change or accepting new elements. The weight of the family is heavy on young couples. It hinders the process of individual freedom.

When compared with nuclear family system, joint family system has many merits and advantages. So I strongly prefer joint family system.

The Tattered Blanket Summary in English

Kamala Das’s ‘The Tattered Blanket’ exposes the bitter truths of life in a stunningly simple manner. After five years Gopi comes to Kerala to see his mother. Gopi is a big officer in Delhi living with his wife Vimala and his children. He has come to Thiruvananthapuram as a part of his official assignment. He just dropped in on his way back to meet his mother. His mother is very old. She lives with his eldest sister Kamala who is a widow. When he arrived unexpectedly at his home in the countryside, his mother was lying in an armchair on the veranda.

The mother fails to recognise her son Gopi. She believes that Gopi is still a school boy. She doesn’t recognise anybody. Sometimes her memory is quite sharp, sometimes she forgets the present, but remembers the past. When her memory is very sharp, she asks about Gopi’s letters from Delhi. Kamala tells her a lie that everything is fine with Gopi, his wife and kids. But Gopi doesn’t write any letters to his mother.

The mother doesn’t recognise her son. She asks her son Gopi ‘Who is your Amma? What is her name? Where does she live Is it far from here?’ But the mother has the picture of her son in her mind. She says, ‘My son is in Delhi a Government Officer. He has Kesariyogam (well settled). He draws a salary of two thousand five hundred rupees.’

The mother tells Gopi if he meets her son, ask him to send her a blanket. A red one. She has a blanket, the one Gopi bought for her when he was studying in Madras. It is all tattered now, just a ball of knotted yarn. Gopi has come home to ask his sister to sell his share of land and get some money for him. Kamala knows that Gopi has come only for money, not to see their mother. It took more than five years for hir, to find time to come home.

Kamala says, ‘Amma is eighty three now. I don’t think she will pull on much longer. It took you so long to visit her after the last time.’ But Gopi has his excuses for not visiting Amma. He says ‘But Amma can’t remember who I am.’

The story ends with Kamala’s question to Gopi, ‘But do you remember your Amma?’ Amma doesn’t recognise her son because she has lost her power of memory. In fact forgetfulness is a blessing for her. Her son doesn’t have any love for his mother.

This is one of the brilliant short stories penned by Madhavikutty in Malayalam. Her focus has always been on the tormented female self, craving for love. She is concerned with the condition of women and the way in which they were betrayed by society. In ‘The Tattered Blanket’ the mother craves for her son’s love. Her son is evergreen in her memory. But she has been overpowered by forgetfulness. She needs a red blanket because the old one is tattered. Here the blanket represents the warmth of her son’s love. She actually needs her son’s love. The tattered blanket symbolises the tattered soul of the mother.

In ‘The Tattered Blanket’ Kamala Das (Madhavi Kutty) portrays the poignant voice of wounded womanhood.

About the Author:

Kamala Das (1932-2009) is the daughter of the famous Malayalam poet- Balamani Amma and V.M. Nair. She is an internationally known poet, short story writer and novelist who writes effortlessly both in English and Malayalam. She has received many awards for her literary work. Some of them are Asian Poetry Prize, Kent Award for English Writing from Asian Countries, Asian World Prize, Sahitya Academy Award and Vayalar Rama Varma Sahitya Award.

Glossary:

thinna (n) : sit out (elevated place on the veranda)
futile (adj) : unsuccessful
huddled (v) : held arms and legs close because of fear or cold
thinna (n) : platform
reluctantly (adv) : not willing to do something
screwing up eyes : narrowing the eyes to look more carefully
dropped (v) : came/visited
note of alarm : fear or worry
awkwardly (adv) : uncomfortably
wrinkled (adj) : having folds in skin on face
quite (adj) : reasonably ; to some degree ; to some extent
on toes (idm) : busy, ready to work
mumbling (v) : speaking unclearly and quietly
exasperatedly (adv) : very annoyed
Kesarlyogam (n) : well settled (in Malayalam)
tattered (adj) : torn
knotted (adj) : twisted into a ball
irritation (n) : annoyance/impatience/anger

Telangana SCERT Class 8 English Solutions | TS 8th Class English Guide Study Material Telangana

Telangana SCERT 8th Class English Solutions | TS 8th Class English Textbook Questions and Answers Telangana

Unit 1 Family

• A. The Tattered Blanket
• B. My Mother (Poem)
• C. A Letter to a Friend

8th Class English Guide Pdf Telangana Unit 2 Social Issues

• A. Oliver Asks for More
• B. The Cry of Children (Poem)
• C. Reaching the Unreached

Telangana 8th Class English Workbook Answers Unit 3 Humanity

• A. The Selfish Giant Part 1 (One-act Play)
• B. The Selfish Giant Part 2 (One-act Play)
• C. The Garden Within (Poem)

Telangana SCERT Class 8 English Solutions Unit 4 Science and Technology

• A. The Fun They Had
• B. Preteen Pretext (Poem)
• C. The Computer Game (One act play)

TS 8th Class English Study Material Unit 5 Education and Career

• A. The Treasure Within (Part I)
• B. The Treasure Within (Part II)
• C. They Literally Build the Nation

8th Class English Guide Pdf TS Unit 6 Art and Culture

• A. The Story of Ikat
• B. The Earthen Goblet (Poem)
• C. Maestro with a Mission

8th Class English Guide Telangana State Unit 7 Women Empowerment

• A. Bonsai Life Part 1
• B. Bonsai Life Part 2
• C. I Can Take Care of Myself

8th Class English Textbook Pdf with Answers Telangana Unit 8 Gratitude

• A. Dr. Dwarakanath Kotnis
• B. Be Thankful (Poem)
• C. The Dead Rat

TS 8th Class Study Material

TS Board Telangana SCERT Class 8 Physics Solutions 1st Lesson Force Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 8th Class Physics 1st Lesson Questions and Answers – Force

I. Reflections on concepts
Question 1.
What is a force? What changes can be produced by a force?
Answer:
Force is a push or a pull. It Is an external cause which changes or tends to change the state of rest or motion.

• Force can change the shape of an object.
• Force can change the speed of motion.
• Force can change the direction of motion.
• Force can change the state of motion or rest.

Question 2.
Give two examples each for a contact force and a force at a distance.
Answer:
Contact force: Force is being applied by actually touching the body is called constant force
Eg:

• Muscular force
• Frictional force,

Noncontact force (or) Force at a distance: Force is being applied without touching the body is called non contact force or force at a distance.

Eg:

• Gravitational force,
• Magnetic force,
• Electrostatic force.

Question 3.
Explain Gravitational Force by giving a suitable example.
Answer:
Definition: The force exerted on a vertically projected body by earth is called gravitational force. Because of this force, only the body falls down to the ground.

Explanation:

1. Every object on the earth or close to earth will experience a gravitational pull.
2. This force of attraction exists between two bodies everywhere in the universe.
3. Since earth is having more mass all the bodies which are close to the earth are attracted towards it.
4. We cannot experience the gravitational force that exists between two persons and person with any table or blackboard because ills very small.

Eg:

1. The force between teacher and student in the classroom.
2. The force between student and blackboard.
3. The force between Earth and Moon.
4. The force between any two heavenly bodies.

Question 4.
Draw and explain a free-body diagram (FBD) to show all the forces acting on a car.
Answer:
Here Force F Applied by the Engine.
f = Frictional force applied by the road.
N₁ and N₂ ⇌ Normal forces
W → Weight of the car or Gravitational force.
The Net resultant force in vertical direction
F_net = N₁ + N₂ – W
The Net resultant force along Horizontal force. N,
F_Ne = F-f

Question 5.
Why do tools meant for cutting always have sharp edges?
Answer:
The effect of force depends on the area of contact on which the force is acting. When there is a decrease in the area of contact of the force or load then the effect of force increases and vice versa. So the tools meant for cutting always have sharp edges to acquire maximum effect of force.

Application of concepts

Question 1.
How can you differentiate between a contact force and a force at a distance?
Answer:

Contact force	Force at distance
1. Force is being applied by actually touching the body Eg: Muscular force, Frictional force.	1. Force is being applied without touching the body. Eg: Gravitational force, Magnetic force.

Question 2.
Find the net forces from the following diagrams.

Answer:
a) Total force from left to right = 10 + 8 = 18 N
Force from right to left = 12 N
Net force = 18-12 = 6 N from left to right.

b) Force from left to right = 8 N
Force from right to left = 8 N
Net force = 8- 8 = 0 N

c) Total force from left to right 8 + 6 14 N
Force from right to left = 0 N
Net force = 14 – 0 = 14 N from left to right.

d) Force in upward direction = 9 N
Force in downward direction = 8 N
Net force = 9 – 8 = 1 N in upward direction.

Question 3.
A man stand still on a level floor. What forces will act on him? Draw a free-body diagram (FBD) to show all forces acting on him.
Answer:
Two forces acting on a man standing on a level floor.

W – Weight (Gravitational force) 4, N Leri low
N- Normal force.

Question 4.
The surface area of an object is 20 m² and a force of 10 N is applied on it then what is the pressure?
Answer:
Pressure = \(\frac{\text { Force }}{\text { Area }} \)
P = \(\frac{F}{A}\)
P = \(\frac{10}{20}\)
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) = 0.5 N/m² or Pascal.

Question 5.
How do you appreciate the role of friction In facilitating our various activities?
Answer:
If there is no friction between any two surfaces in contact, then the present day civilization will be no more as we cannot even walk property on the ground. There will be no fabrics and garment, no construction of buildings and no future, even no fire for cooking and no vehicles. So friction is very necessary in our daily life. So, I appreciate the friction for its facilitation to us for doing various activities in our daily life.

Higher Order Thinking Questions

Question 1.
If you push a heavy box which is rest, you must exert some force to start its motion. However, once the box is sliding, you apply a lesser force to maintain that motion. Why?
Answer:
When a heavy box is at rest there is maximum frictional force between box and surface. So maximum force is used to move that box. Interlocking of irregularities in the two surfaces which are in contact cause friction force. When the box starts sliding, the static friction converts into sliding friction, which is less than static friction. So we need smaller force to maintain that motion.

Question 2.
Karthik Is observing the live telecast of a one-day cricket match. He noticed that motion of a roller on the pitch during lunch break. He thought about various forces acting on the roller and the net force when It is in motion. Many questions arose ¡n his mind regarding the direction of the net force. Can you guess what would be those questions?
Answer:
I think the following questions will be raised in his mind regarding the direction of the net force of the moving roller.

• Why does the roller move when it is pushed?
• What is the net force acting on the roller when it was pushed?
• What are the forces acting on the roller when it moves?
• Does the motion of the roller depend on the roughness and smoothness of the ground or not?

Question 3.
How do you increase the pressure by keeping (a) area unchanged and (b) force unchanged?
Answer:
We know that force acting on a unit area of a surface is called pressure.
Pressure = \(\frac{\text { Force }}{\text { Area }}\)
I will change the pressure by keeping —
area unchanged: If force acting on the same area of surface, the pressure also increases. So we can change the pressure by changing the force acting on that surface.
Pressure ∝ Force.
force unchanged: By increasing or decreasing the contact area or surface area on which the force is acting, there will be change in pressure acting on it without changing the force.

If the surface area is smaller the pressure will be greater and vice versa.
Pressure ∝ \( \frac{1}{\text { Area }}\)

Question 4.
Imagine that friction disappeared from the earth. What will happen? Explain.
Answer:
If the friction has disappeared from the earth.

1. We will not be able to walk or run on the ground.
2. Vehicles will not move if they are in rest. Vehicles will not stop if they are in motion.
3. We will not be able to hold the things.
4. Accidents will occur if there is no friction.
5. Without friction, no building could be constructed.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Hoisting a flag is related to ( )
A) push
B) pull
C) Push and pull both
D) pressure
Answer:
B) pull

Question 2.
A person is pulling water from well. Which type of force it is ( )
A) Muscular force
B) Magnetic force
C) Friction force
D) Electrostatic force
Answer:
A) Muscular force

Question 3.
The force that a solid surface exerts on any object in the normal direction is called ( )
A) Muscular force
B) Normal Force
C) Tension force
D) Magnetic force
Answer:
B) Normal Force

Question 4.
let the forces F1 and F2 act on the table in opposite directions F₁ > F₂, the F_net = ( )
A) F₁ – F₂
B) F₁+F₂
C) 0
D) 2F₂ – F₁
Answer:
A) F₁ – F₂

Question 5.
A situation for effect of force leads to a permanent change in shape of object is ( )
A) Stretching Rubber band
B) Squeezing sponge
C) Spring
D) Breaking glass
Answer:
D) Breaking glass

Suggested Experiments:

Question 1.
Conduct an experiment to find the limiting forces that can be borne by different strings.
Answer:
Aim: To find the limiting force that can be borne by a string.
Material used: Spring balance, weights, light strings, weight hanger.

Procedure:

1. A spring balance is suspend from rigid support.
2. To it a weight hanger is connected.
3. Slowly increase the weights in the weight hanger in steps of 50 grams and note the readings of spring balance.
4. Repeat this experiment till the string breaks.
5. Repeat the experiments with various strings and find out the limiting force of each wire.

Question 2.
Design and conduct an experiment to test few ways how Friction may be reduced.
Answer:

1. Take a thick – heavy book. Push it on the surface of a table. You observe that book moves slowly with the force and covers a small distance.
2. Now take three pencils. Place them parallel to one another on the table and place the book over them.
3. Push the book again with the same force. The book moves a larger distance over the rolling pencils. Rolling pencils reduce the friction.
4. In this way we can reduce the friction by using rollers.

Question 3.
Conduct an experiment to determine the change in effect of force with an area of contact.
Answer:

1. We know pressure = Force/Area and Its ST unit is N/ met² (or) Pascal.
2. Take a pencil. and push its rounded end on %roUr palm.
3. Now push from the other side of the pencil gently so that sharp end is on your palm.
4. We notice that the effect of force depends on the area of contact on which force is acting.
5. When there is decrease in area of contact force, or load then the effect of force Increases and vice versa.
6. ln case of porters keeping luggage on Turbance, School bags straps have more width are some more examples where the force depends on area of contact.

Suggested Projects

Question 1.
Collect pictures to illustrate contact forces, force at a distance and prepare a report.
Answer:
Contact forces:

Forces at a distance:

Question 2.
Classify the actions In your daily life into
i) actions where we exert force which appears as a push
ii) actions where we exert force which appears as a pull
iii) actions which involve both push and pull
Answer:
i) Pushing a heavy ooden table.
ii) Hoisting a Flag
iii) Erasing Blackboard with duster.

Question 3.
Observe the situations of electrostatic forces in your daily life and prepare a report.
Answer:

1. When we keep our hand, near TV monitors, when TV is playing the hairs odour hand are attracted towards the monitors.
2. When glass rod is rubbed with silk cloth glass rod get positive charge and silk gets negative charge.

TS 8th Class Physics 1st Lesson Force Intext Questions

Think and discuss

Question 1.
A book placed on a table is at rest. Is the force of friction acting on it or not? Explain.
Answer:
When the book is at rest, there is no frictional force acts on it, because frictional force comes to play when we try to move it. But a normal force acting on book acts in upward direction by the table.

Question 2.
A system of two bodies A and B are placed as shown in figure. How many forces are acting on A and B respectively?
Answer:
The forces acting on A:

1. Gravitational force (Downward direction)
2. Weight of B (Downward direction)
3. Normal force by floor (Upward).

The forces acting on B:

1. Gravitational force (Downward)
2. Normal force by A (Upward direction)
3. Normal force by floor (Upward)

Question 3.
Why it is necessary to separate a contact force into a normal force and a frictional force? Give at least two reasons.
Answer:
It is very useful to separate a contact force into a normal force and a frictional force. It is useful to calculate the net force acting on the body. To calculate the minimum force required to move a body.
Eg: If a body is at rest means normal force and frictional force are equal and opposite. You have to use force which is more than the frictional force, If it is frictional force, N is normal force and F is the applied force.
F_net = F = f (X-axis direction)
F_net = N = w (Y-axis direction)

Question 4.
A cricket ball of mass ‘m’ is thrown upward with some initial speed. If the air resistance Is neglected, what forces are acting on the ball when it reaches
(a) half of its maximum height and
(b) Its maximum height?
Answer:
a) When the ball reaches half of its maximum height three forces acting on it.

• Force of push acting upward.
• Friction force by air surrounding the ball.

b) When the ball reaches its maximum height two forces acting on it. Normal force or frictional force by air.

Question 5.
two Identical bars, in which one is steel and the other Is a magnet, are painted with same colour. How can you tell which one Is magnet by using only these two bars?(don’t break the bars)
Answer:
If you freely suspend the bars, the magnets come to rest in North-South direction. The steel bar comes to rest in any direction. In this way we can identify the magnet.

Question 6.
Play arm wrestling with your friend. How can you explain the winning of the game by using the concept of net force? Name forces acting on arm and their direction while playing the game. Try to draw FBD for this situation. What forces can do?
Answer:
We know that if two forces act in opposite directions the net force is equal to the difference between the two force. In arm wrestling game, if the two opponents apply same force none of them can move out of the ring.

If one of the opponent’s forces is more than the second one, second person moves out from the ring, then the first person is the winner. If first person is thrown out from the ring by second person, then the second person is the winner. Here the net force acts in the direction of the force applied by the winner.

Question 7.
Does pressure have direction? Explain.
Answer:
Pressure has both magnitude and direction.
Pressure = \(\frac{\text { Force }}{\text { Area }} \)
Since force has direction, pressure also has direction.

TS 8th Class Physics 1st Lesson Force Activities

Activity – 1:
Identiing Dush or pull: (Text. P. No. 1)

Question 1.
“Observe the following table and identify the actions involving push or pull or both. (Conceptual understanding/Information Skills)

a) List three more activities where we exert force which appears as a push. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
1. To move the car which is at rest we apply force which appears as a push from back side of the car.
2. We push the table to move front.
3. To close the door we use push as a force.

b) List three more activities where we exert force as a pull. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
1. To lift the water from well we use pull as force.
2. To open the door we use pull as a force,
3. We pull the thread of the bow to release an arrow.

c) State three actions which involve both push and pull. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
1. To make chapati we use both pull and push on rolling pin.
2. We use both push md pull in ironing the clothes.

Activity -2:
Preparing a list of examples for muscular force: (Text P.No.3)

Question 2.
List at least ten activities where we apply muscular force to perform various tasks. (Information skills and Projects)

Activity where we apply muscular force

1. Lowering a basket

2. Brushing

3. Bathing

4. Eating

5. Driving

6. Walking

7. Lifting the school bag

8. Writing

9. Cutting vegetables

10. Playing

a. Do you feel your muscles get tightened while performing any physical activity? What could be the reason for it?
Answer:
The muscles which are at backside of shoulder will contract if we throw an object to front. In the same way when we lift an object then also our muscles contracted. If we stress a smooth ball with our palms then also muscles tightened it.

Activity -3:
Observing the changes in any muscle while working:

Question 3.
Discuss an activity to observe the changes in any muscle while working. (Experimentation/Application to daily life)
Answer:
Muscles are normally arranged in opposition so that as one group of muscles contract or shortens, another group relaxes or lengthens. For example if you throw a ball the muscles in the chest and front of the shoulder contract to pull the arm forward, while the muscles in the back and rear of the shoulder also undergo contraction to slow the motion down to avoid injury. This shows that our muscles undergo some changes while working.
a) Why does the ball stop?
Answer:
The frictional (once between ball and floor opposes the motion of the ball. That is why ball stops after traveling some distance.
b) Is there any hidden force which brings it to stop?
Answer:
Yes, frictional force helps the ball to stop.

c) Why does the speed of bicycle decrease gradually? (Application to daily life, concern to biodiversity)
Answer:
The speed of bicycle decreases gradually because there is frictional force between lyres and road which opposes the motion of the bicycle.

d) Is there any force acting on It which tends to slow down its speed?
Answer:
Yes, there is frictional force on it which tends to slow down its speed

Activity -4: Observing the motion of a ball on different surfaces:

Question 4.
Roll a ball on different surfaces and observe the motion of ball discuss your observation. (Field investigation/ Expermintation/Making hypothesis)
Answer:
Take a ball. Try to roll the ball on different surfaces like carpet, rough roads, smooth floor etc. The motion of the ball is different on different surfaces. The force offering resistance seems to be more on the rough surfaces than on the smooth surfaces. From this we conclude that fractious force depends on the nature of surfaces which are in contact.
a) If we roll a ball on different surfaces like carpet, rough, roads, smooth or etc then on which surface ball rolls farther?
Answer:
Bail travells more distance on smoother surfaces. The frictional force which opposes the motion of the body is less on smoother surface.

Activity-5 :
Observing the motion of objects in an inclined Diane

Question 5.
Write your observation while moving different objects move on inclined planes. (Experimentation)
Answer:

• Take a tray. Place a small ice cube, eraser, and a rupee coin to stay in line on one end of the tray.
• Now slowly lift this end of the tray as shown in the figure. It forms an inclined plane.
• If you observe, ice cube moves lastly on the inclined plane, then one rupee coin, and finally eraser, move slowly.
• From the above experiment, we conclude that the force of friction is different for different substances while they are moving on the same inclined plane.

Activity -6:
Observing the magnetic force:

Question 6.
How do you prove that like poles repel and unlike poles attract each other? Which type of force is magnetic force? (Experimentation/Making hypothesis)
Answer:

• Take a sewing needle. Rub it with a bar magnet several times always moving the magnet in the same direction. After some time the needle acts like a magnet.
• With the help of a magnetic compass, you can identify the north and south poles of the needle.
• Pin a red-colored foam ball to the south pole and white ball to north pole of the needle; then drop it in a bowl of water it floats.
• Make another needle in the same way. Float both of them side by side facing the like ends.
• You observe they repel each other.
• Float them side by side facing the unlike ends. You observe they attract each other.
• From the above experiment, we conclude that Like poles repel and unlike poles attract each other.
• This action of pull or push results due to a magnetic force.
• Here magnet can attract or repel another magnet without any contact with the second magnet. So magnetic force is a non-contact force.

Activity – 7:
Observing electrostatic forces

Question 7.
Conduct an experiment/activity to observe the electrostatic forces? (Experimentation)
Answer:

• Take a balloon. Inflate it and tie tip the open end.
• Cut a paper into small pieces and place them on the
• balloon with a paper and bring the balloon near to pieces of paper.
• You observe paper pieces are attracted by the balloon.
• When the balloon is rubbed with a paper it acquires an electrostatic charge on its surface.
• The balloon is now said to be a charged body. When it is brought nearer to the pieces of paper. they acquire opposite charge and attracted b the balloon.
• The force exerted by a charged body on another charged or uncharged body is known as electrostatic force.
• This force comes into play even when the bodies are not in contact. So electrostatic force is an example for the force at a distance.

Activity 8:
Visualizing magnetic field:

Question 8.
How do you visualize the magnetic field using a bar magnet and iron filings? (Experimentation)
Answer:

• Take a bar magnet and place it on a table, Place a thin white paper over it.
• Sprinkle the fine powder of iron (iron filings) on the paper. Tap the table or paper gently.
• You observe a pattern of iron filing around the bar magnet.
• Rotate the magnet in different directions and do the same. In every case pattern of iron filing around the bar magnet is formed.
• Iron filings set themselves in a pattern because they are affected by the magnetic force of the field created by thE bar magnet.
• Thus, the space around the magnet where its influence can be detected is called the ‘magnetic field’.

Activity- 9:
Effects of net force acting on a table:

Question 9.
Explain an activity to know the effect of different forces on net force acting on an object (Experimentation/Field investigation)
Answer:

• Take a heavy table which you can move only by pushing hard.
• Try to push it all by yourself. If the table do not move, then ask your friend to help in pushing it in the same direction. Now the table moves in the direction of force.
• Here net force acting on the table is equal to the sum of forces Since they act in the same direction.
• Now push the same table, but ask your friend to push it from the opposite side. The table doesn’t move if you both apply equal forces. Net force acting on the table is zero.
• When forces act on a body only in straight line are in s.me directions, the net force is the sum of all forces acting on the body. F_net = F₁ + F₂
• When forces act on a body in a straight liiw are in opposite directions, the net force is equal to difference between the two forces.
  F_net = F₁ + (- F₂) = F₁ – F₂.

Activity – 10;
Effects of stretched rubber bands on fingers:

Question 10.
Effects of stretched rubber bands on fingers. Show that the net force will act if there are more than one force is acting on the same object.
Answer:

1. Take a rubber band, stretch it using your fingers.
2. When you stretch the rubber band it exerts force on your fingers and you feel the force of pull on your finger.
3. Add another rubber hand around your fingers and stretch both together to the same length.
4. We feel by increase the number of rubber bands around our fingers and the force exert on our fingers is more.
5. Rubber band has F units and the force exerted by the second rubber band is F units. Then the net force of two rubber bands is F_net = F + F = 2F units

Activity – 11 :
Effect of force on change of the state of motion of an object and its direction.

Question 11.
Explain with an activity how the force affects the change of the state of motion of an object and its direction. (Experimentation)
Answer:

1. Place a football on the ground. The ball will remain there in the state of rest unless someone kicks the ball.
2. Kick the ball, it starts moving, kick the moving ball in the same direction, the speed of the bail increases.
3. Place your hand or leg against the ball, then the hail may be stopped or may be changed its direction of motion.
4. From this we conclude that the (orce changes the direction of motion and state of the body.

Activity-12:
Effects of net force on direction of moving object

Question 12.
Conduct an activity to show the effects of net force on direction of moving object.
Answer:

1. Hit a carom coin with the striker.
2. We can observe that in each case the direction of the coin changes.
3. We hit the coin with the striker not only the coin changes its direction, but also the strikes changes its direction too.
4. From this we can say that the net force stops a moving or makes a stationary object move and also changes the speed and direction of a moving object.

Activity – 13:
Effects of force on the shape of an object:

Question 13.
In the table given below, some situations are given. Complete the table and write your conclusion. – (Project work/Making hypothesis)
Answer:

From the above table we can understand that the force not only changes the state of motion of an object but also the shape of an object. It may change the shape temporarily or permanently, which is based on the nature of the object and the force applied on it.

Activity – 14 :
Chance in effect of force with area of contact:

Question 14.
How the effect of force changes with area of contact. (Experimentation/Field investigation)
Answer:
i. Take a pencil. Just push its rounded end on ‘our palm. There is less pain because less force acts on your palm.
ii. Now push from the other side of the pencil so that the sharp end is on your palm. Then you feel pain because more force is acting on your palm.
iii. From this you might have noticed that effect of force depends on area of contact on which the force is acting.
iv When there is a decrease in the area of contact of the force, then the effect of force increases and vice versa.

a) What is pressure? Write the units of pressure? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The force acting on a unit area of a surface is called pressure.
Pressure- Force / Area.
SI. unit of pressure is Newton/meter² or N/m².
CCS unit of pressure is Dyne / cm².

Activity – 15:
Identifying effects of force:

Question 15.
How can you say that the contact area on which force is acting changes the effect of force? (Experimentation/Field investigation)
Answer:

• Take two trays and fill trays with lime powder.
• Take two rectangular bricks of equal mass and similar shape.
• Keep one brick vertically in one tray and the other brick horizontally in another tray.
• You may notice that the brick standing vertically sinks deeper in lime powder than the brick standing horizontally.
• Since the masses are same, the force applied on lime powder by them also same on both the trays.
• The difference lies in the surface area of the brick in contact with the lime powder, and this is responsible for the brick sinks in the lime powder.
• From the above we can see that for a given force if the surface area is smaller, the pressure will be greater.
• If we use larger area, we are spreading out the force, and the pressure becomes smaller.

Lab Activity

How do you find the Ìimiting force that can be borne by a string?
Answer:
Aim: To find the limiting force that can be borne by a string.
The material used: Spring balance, weights, light strings, weight hanger.
Procedure:

• A spring balance is suspend from rigid support.
• To it a weight hanger is connected.
• Slowly increase the weights in the weight hanger in steps of 50 grams and note the readings of spring balance.
• Repeat this experiment till the string breaks.
• Repeat the experiments with various strings and find out the limiting force of each wire.

a) What do you observe from the readings when it is pulled up and released to
move down?
Answer:
When it is pulled up the reading of spring balance increases that means apparent weight of the object increased.

b) Is the string broken when the whole system is pulled quickly up?
Answer:
If the whole system is pulled quickly up, the string may be broken.

These TS 10th Class Biology Bits with Answers 1st Lesson Nutrition will help students to enhance their time management skills.

TS 10th Class Biology Bits 1st Lesson Nutrition

Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
The acid present in gastric juice [ ]
A) Acetic acid
B) Hydrochloric acid
C) Sulphuric acid
D) Nitric acid
Answer:
B) Hydrochloric acid

Question 2.
Choose the correct statement about photosynthesis [ ]
A) Conversion of light energy to heat energy
B) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy
C) Conversion of light energy to electrical energy
D) Conversion of heat energy to chemical energy
Answer:
B) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy

Question 3.
Identify the mb-matched pair. [ ]
A) Haustoria – Cuscuta
B) Testosterone – Ovary
C) Granum – Chloroplast
D) Epiglossitis – Mouth
Answer:
B) Testosterone – Ovary

Question 4.
Identify the pair which is mismatched. [ ]
A) Protein – Amino acids
B) Carbohydrate — Glucose
C) Fats — Starch
D) Glucose — Starch
Answer:
C) Fats — Starch

Question 5.
For testing starch in the leaf, instead of Iodine, we can use …. [   ]
A) Betadine
B) Bromine
C) Chlorine
D) Benzene
Answer:
A) Betadine

Question 6.
Deficiency of Folk acid causes [ ]
A) Anaemia
B) Pellagra
C) Glossitis
D) Rickets
Answer:
A) Anaemia

Question 7.
Find the missing product in the equation. [  ]
\(\mathrm{CO}_2+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \frac{\text { Light }}{\text { Chlorophyll }} \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{O}+\ldots \ldots . .+\mathrm{O}_2\)
A) CO₂
B) H₂O
C) C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 6SO₂
Answer:
B) H₂O

Question 8.
The glossitis disease Is caused due to a deficiency of vitamin ………. [ ]
A) B₁
B) B₂
C) B₃
D) B₆
Answer:
B) B₂

Question 9.
Iodine test is used to confirm the presence of ………..
A) Fats
B) Proteins
C) Vitamins
D) Carbohydrates
Answer:
D) Carbohydrates

Question 10.
Find the odd one different from the other three.
A) Carbohydrate
B) Fats
C) Proteins
D) Pyrethroids
Answer:
D) Pyrethroids

Question 11.
Match the following and identify the answer.
Name of the vitamin Deficiency disease
a. Thiamin (B₁) — 1. Scurvy
b. Citric acid (C) — 2. Night blindness
c. Retinol (A) — 3. Ben Ben
A) (a-3), (b-1), (c-2)
B) (a-1), (b-2), (c-3)
C) (a-2), (b-3), (c-1)
D) (a-3), (b-2), (c-1)
Answer:
A) (a-3), (b-1), (c-2)

Question 12.
Root like structure in cuscuta that penetrate the tissue of a host plant to absorb food is ……………
A) Dodder
B) Haustoria
C) Legume roots
D) Aerial roots
Answer:
B) Haustoria

Question 13.
The chemical used to remove Chlorophyll from the leaf in experiment is……………
A) Methylated spirit
B) KOH solution
C) Iodine solution
D) Acetic acid
Answer:
A) Methylated spirit

Question 14.
Chlorophyll : Magnesium:: Haemoglobin:……..
A) Sulphur
B) Iron
C) Phosphorus
D) Calcium
Answer:
B) Iron

Question 15.
The chemical used in the experiment to prove that Carbon-dioxide is essential for Photosynthesis is ………….
A) Diazine solution
B) Crystal violet
C) Safran in
D) Potassium hydroxide
Answer:
D) Potassium hydroxide

Question 16.
Delay in healing of wounds, fractures of bones are due to the deficiency of …………
A) Retinol
B) Niacin
C) Folic acid
D) Ascorbic acid
Answer:
D) Ascorbic acid

Question 17.
Which chemical is kept in the glass bottle in the experiment to prove that CO₂ . Is essential for photosynthesis?
A) Iodine
B) Methylated Spirit
C) Potassium Hydroxide
D) Alcohol
Answer:
D) Ascorbic acid

Question 18.
Identify the saprophytic organisms.
A) Bacteria
B) Fungi
C) Human beings
D) Bacteria and Fungi
Answer:
D) Bacteria and Fungi

Question 19.
Autotrophs are the organisms ……………
A) depend on others for their food.
B) synthesise their own food.
C) hunt for food.
D) cannot synthesize their food.
Answer:
B) synthesise their own food.

Question 20.
Autotrophs are capable of producing these large compounds from very simple substances.
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Lipids
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

Question 21.
An equation for photosynthesis that was readily accepted and is still widely used is the one formulated by ………..
A) C.B. Van Neil
B) Von Helmont
C) Jan lngenhousz
D) Engelinan
Answer:
A) C.B. Van Neil

Question 22.
Iodine can be used to test the presence of ………….
A) Glucose
B) Light
C) Starch
D) Carbon dioxide
Answer:
C) Starch

Question 23.
Identify the incorrect of the following pair
A) Calciferol – Rickets
B) Biotin — Anaemia
C) Ascorbic acid — Scurvy
D) Niacin — Pellagra
Answer:
B) Biotin — Anaemia

Question 24.
“Plants restore to the air whatever breathing animals and burning candles remove” this was hypothesized by …….. [ ]
A) Lavoisier
B) Von Helmont
C) Joseph Priestly
D) Jan Ingenhousz
Answer:
C) Joseph Priestly

Question 25.
In plants exchange of gases takes place through …….
A) Stomata
B) Loose tissue on stem
C) Loose tissue on root
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

Question 26.
A student conducted an experiment with alternate apparatus like cycletube, ball, vaseline. He applied vaseline inside tube and kept ball biside tube and pushes forward. What phenomenon he is going to show us?
A) Digestion
B) Excretion
C) Peristalsis
D) Egestion
Answer:
C) Peristalsis

Question 27.
The scientist who found that oxygen was released from hydrilla plant in bright sunlight is ……
A Engelman
B) Jan lngenhousz
C) Von Helmont
D) Van Sachs
Answer:
B) Jan lngenhousz

Question 28.
Fill the following flow chart with correct organs A & B. [ ]

A) Pyloric stomach, Pancreas
B) Large intestine, Oesophagus
C) Cardiac stomach, Pancreas
D) Large Intestine, Pancreas
Answer:
D) Large Intestine, Pancreas

Question 29.
Photosynthesis occurs in this part of the plant.
A) Chloroplasts
B) Mitochondria
C) Cytoplasm
D) Ribosomes
Answer:
A) Chloroplasts

Question 30.
What is use of KOH solution in Mohl’s half leaf experiment?
A) Absorbs CO₂
B) Absorbs oxygen
C) Supplies carbon dioxide
D) Releases CO₂
Answer:
A) Absorbs CO₂

Question 31.
Green coloured pigment present in leaves is called …….
A) xanthophyll
B) chlorophyll
C) carotene
D) phycobilin
Answer:
B) chlorophyll

Question 32.
The organelles containing chloraphyll in plant cells are ….
A) Golgi apparatus
B) Mitochondria
C) Chloroplast
D) Vacuole
Answer:
C) Chioroplast

Question 33.
A person suffering from improper formation of bones, knockness, swollen wrists and delayed dentition. What might be the reason?
A) Deficiency of vitamin ‘E’
B) Deficiency of vitamin ‘D’
C) Deficiency of vitamin ‘K’
D) Deficiency of vitamin ‘A’
Answer:
B) Deficiency of vitamin ‘D’

Question 34.
Find out wrong pair. [ ]
A) Saliva-Ptyaline
B) Pancreatic juice – Amylase
C) Gastric juice – Lipase
D) Intestinal juice – Peptidose
Answer:
C) Gastric juice – Lipase

Question 35.
Splitting of water molecule during photosynthesis is known as …. [ ]
A) Emulsification
B) Photolysis
C) Electrolysis
D) Hydrolysis
Answer:
B) Photolysis

Question 36.
What do you call particles of light rays which carry energy? [  ]
A) Photons
B) Protons
C) Neutrons
D) Electrons
Answer:
A) Photons

Question 37.
These are the assimilatory powers formed at the end of light reaction. [   ]
A) O₂, ATP
B) ATP, NADPH
C) O₂ NADPH
D) O₂, ATP, NADPH
Answer:
B) ATP, NADPH

Question 38.
Time gap between light reaction and dark reaction is  [ ]
A) Less than even one thousand of a second
B) More than one thousand of a second
C) Less than even one thousand of a minute
D) More than one thousand of a minute
Answer:
A) Less than even one thousand of a second

Question 39.
Which of the following undergoes reduction in dark phase?  [ ]
A) Nitrogen
B) Oxygen
C) CO₂
D) Hydrogen
Answer:

Question 40.
Photosynthesis process is determined on the production of carbohydrates but not on the production of glucose.
Reason is [  ]
A) Carbohydrates are an intermediary product in photosynthesis
B) Glucose which is formed in photosynthesis immediately converted into carbohydrates
C) Carbohydrates dissolve in water
D) Glucose is not tested
Answer:
B) Glucose which is formed in photosynthesis immediately converted into carbohydrates

Question 41.
The end product of dark reaction is [  ]
A) PGA
B) C₆H₁₂O₆
C) CO₂
D) Ribulose biphosphate
Answer:
B) C₆H₁₂O₆

Question 42.
In which process the low energy substances are converted to high energy compounds?  [  ]
A) Respiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Fermentation
D) Kreb’s cycle
Answer:
B) Photosynthesis

Question 43.
Identify the parasitic plant. [  ]
A) Cuscuta
B) Cucumis
C) Hibiscus
D) Helianthus
Answer:
A) Cuscuta

Question 44.
Identify the organisms that break down the food materials outside the body and then absorb it.
A) Bread moulds
B) Yeast
C) Mushrooms
D) All
Answer:
D) All

Question 45.
Amoeba takes in food through ……
A) Nephridia
B) Cytostome
C) Pseudopodia
D) All the above
Answer:
C) Pseudopodia

Question 46.
What is the reason to keep a plant in dark for 48 hrs to know photosynthetic experiment in plants?
A) To remove green substance from leaves
B) To remove carbohydrates
C) To prove no photosynthetic process takes place
D) To know there is no carbohydrates in the leaves
Answer:
B) To remove carbohydrates

Question 47.
Saliva contains an enzyme called ……………
A) Amylase
B) Pepsin
C) Trypsin
D) Lipase
Answer:
A) Amylase

Question 48.
Proteins in the food are digested by
A) Pepsin
B) Trypsin
C) lipase
D) Pepsin, Trypsin
Answer:
D) Pepsin, Trypsin

Question 49.
Complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats occurs in ……………
A) Stomach
B) Small intestine
C) Large intestine
D) Buccal cavity
Answer:
B) Small intestine

Question 50.
Fats are emulsified by …….
A) bile juice
B) pancreatic juice
C) intestinal juice
D) all the above
Answer:
A) bile juice

Question 51.
The digestive juice which has no enzymes …….. [   ]
A) pancreatic juice
B) bile juice
C) intestinal juice
D) all the above
Answer:
B) bile juice

Question 52.
Pancreatic juice contains these enzymes. [   ]
A) Trypsin, Chymotrypsin
B) Lipase, Amylase
C) Trypsin, Lipase
D) Both A and B
Answer:
D) Both A and B

Question 53.
Chyme is ……… [   ]
A) partially digested food
B) an undigested food
C) absorbed food
D) solid food
Answer:
A) partially digested food

Question 54.
In which part of the alimentary canal digested food is absorbed? [   ]
A) Stomach
B) Mouth
C) Large intestine
D) Small Intestine
Answer:
D) Small Intestine

Question 55.
The longest part of alimentary canal is ……………….
A) Small intestine
B) Large intestine
C) Oesophagus
D) Stomach
Answer:
B) Large intestine

Question 56.
Most of the water present in the undigested food is absorbed in …………… [   ]
A) stomach
B) large intestine
C) small intestine
D) mouth
Answer:
B) large intestine

Question 57.
We feel bilious or liverish …….. [ ]
A) when we eat rich meals several days
B) when we eat malnutrition food for several days
C) when we eat fat containing food for few days
D) when we do not eat anything
Answer:
A) when we eat rich meals several days

Question 58.
We can avoid indigestion by …. [ ]
A) having simple well-balanced diet
B) eating food in a leisurely manner
C) thoroughly masticating food and taking violent exercise after eating food
D) all the above
Answer:
D) all the above

Question 59.
The characters of one of the protein deficiency diseases are accumulation of water in inter cellular spaces, dry skin, motion [ ]
A) Kwashiorkor
B) Marasmus
C) Pellagra
D) Obesity
Answer:
A) Kwashiorkor

Question 60.
The reasons for malnutrition in our country …….. [ ]
A) Poor health, will – full starvation
B) Lack of awareness of nutritional habits
C) Socio economic factors.
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

Question 61.
This disease is due to deficiency of proteins and calories. [ ]
A) Kwashiorkor
B) Marasmus
C) Obesity
D) Pellagra
Answer:
B) Marasmus

Question 62.
Deficiency of thiamine causes [ ]
A) Glossitis
B) Scurvy
C) Anaemia
D) Beriberi
Answer:
D) Beriberi

Question 63.
Glossltis is the deficiency disease due to vitamin …………. [   ]
A) Riboflavin
B) Niacin
C) Pyridoxine
D) Cyanocobalamine
Answer:
A) Riboflavin

Question 64.
The vitamin which helps in healing of wounds and fracture of bones is …………. [   ]
A) K
B) C
C) D
D) A
Answer:
B) C

Question 65.
The vitamin required for coagulation of blood is ………….
A) B6
B) K
C) E
D) C
Answer:
B) K

Question 66.
The vitamin required for the synthesis of nucleic acid is ……. [   ]
A) Tocoferol
B) Folie acid
C) Cyanocobalamine
D) Riboflavin
Answer:
B) Folie acid

Question 67.
This vitamin is known as Antisterility vitamin
A) A
B) B₁₂
C) K
D) E
Answer:
D) E

Question 68.
Pernicious Anaemia occurs due to the deficiency of …….. [ ]
A) Vitamin B₆
B) Vitamin B₁₂
C) Vitamin B₃
D) Vitamin B₂
Answer:
B) Vitamin B₁₂

Question 69.
Fat-soluble vitamins are …….. [ ]
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B and C
C) Vitamin A, D, E and K
D) Vitamin A, B and C
Answer:
C) Vitamin A, D, E and K

Question 70.
Need of green chlorophyll-pigmented molecules in leaves because [ ]
A) Break down of water molecule into hydrogen and oxygen
B) To release green light
C) To trap solar energy
D) None
Answer:
C) To trap solar energy

Question 71.
What chemical is used to know the presence of carbohydrates in leaves?
A) Methylated spirit
B) Iodine
C) Methylated spirit, Iodine
D) None
Answer:
B) Iodine

Question 72.
The process of digestion of food in human beings in ……. [ ]
A) mouth
B) oesophagus
C) stomach
D) small intestine
Answer:
A) mouth

Question 73.
The correct order of steps occuring in nutrition in animals is: [  ]
A) Ingestion → Absorption → Digestion → Assimilation → Egestion
B) Ingestion → Digestion → Assimilation → Absorption → Egestion
C) Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion
D) Ingestion → Assimilation → Digestion → Absorption → Egestion
Answer:
C) Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion

Question 74.
Where are proteins first digested in the alimentary canal?  [   ]
A) Mouth
B) Oesophagus
C) Stomach
D) Small Intestine
Answer:
C) Stomach

Question 75.
The first enzyme to mix with food in the digestive system is …….. [ ]
A) Pepsin
B) Amylase
C) Lipase
D) Trypsin
Answer:
B) Amylase

Question 76.
The oxygen liberated during photo. synthesis by green plants comes from [   ]
A) Glucose
B) Water
C) CO₂
D) Chlorophyll
Answer:
B) Water

Question 77.
The opening and closing of the stomatal pores depends on ….. [   ]
A) Temperature
B) Minerals
C) Water in guard cells
D) Oxygen
Answer:
C) Water in guard cells

Question 78.
The first step in photosynthesis is ………..
A) Photolysis of water
B) Production of ATP, NADPH
C) Carbon dioxide reduction
D) Excitation of chlorophyll
Answer:
D) Excitation of chlorophyll

Question 79.
Water soluble vitamins are …………
A) A, D, K vitamins
B) B complex and C vitamins
C) Vitamins A, K and E
D) B complex vitamins
Answer:
B) B complex and C vitamins

Question 80.
The finger like projections villi, for absorbing digested food material are present in …………..
A) Large intestine
B) Small intestine
C) Stomach
D) All the above
Answer:
B) Small intestine

Question 81.
Hydrochloric acid is present in this digestive juice [   ]
A) Gastric juice
B) Intestinal juice
C) Pancreatic juice
D) Bile juice
Answer:
A) Gastric juice

Question 82.
This vitamin is synthesized by bacteria present in the intestine [   ]
A) Pantothenic acid
B) Nicotine acid
C) Cyanocobalamine
D) Pyridoxine
Answer:
C) Cyanocobalamine

Question 83.
The presence of starch in leaves will be indicated by this colour after iodine test [   ]
A) Blue black
B) Black blue
C) Green
D) Brown
Answer:
A) Blue black

Question 84.
Scientist who found that water was essential for the increase of plant mass [   ]
A) Von Sachs
B) Von Helmont
C) Jan Ingenhousz
D) Robert Hill
Answer:
B) Von Helmont

Question 85.
The name oxygen was coined by [   ]
A) Joseph Priestly
B) Engelman
C) Lavoisier
D) Daniel I. Arnon
Answer:
C) Lavoisier

Question 86.
Massive amounts of gaseous exchange occurs through the [   ]
A) Stomata
B) Intercellular spaces
C) Roots
D) Lenticels
Answer:
A) Stomata

Question 87.
Potassium hydroxide solution absorbs [   ]
A) nitrogen
B) carbon dioxide
C) oxygen
D) potassium
Answer:
B) carbon dioxide

Question 88.
Chlorophyll In an organelle called chloroplast was observed first time by [ ]
A) C.B. Van Neil
B) Jan lngenhousz
C) Engelman
D) Julius Von Sachs
Answer:
D) Julius Von Sachs

Question 89.
In photosynthesis finally, the glucose is converted to [   ]
A) Carbohydrate
B) Starch
C) Proteins
D) Fats
Answer:
B) Starch

Question 90.
The light reactions of photosynthesis takes place in …… [ ]
A) Grana
B) Strorna
C) Vacuole
D) Golgi complex
Answer:
A) Grana

Question 91.
Site of dark reaction of photosynthesis [  ]
A) Stroma lamellae
B) Cytoplasm
C) Mitochondria
D) Stroma
Answer:
D) Stroma

Question 92.
Organisms which breakdown the food materials outside the body and absorb them are [   ]
A) Parasites
B) Saprophytes
C) Symbiotes
D) Holozoits
Answer:
B) Saprophytes

Question 93.
Why we use KOH in a bottle in the experiment to know CO₂ is necessary for photosynthesis?
A) To absorb chlorophyll in leaves
B) To absorb air in bottle
C) To absorb CO₂ in bottle
D) To absorb water vapour in the bottle.
Answer:
C) To absorb CO₂ in bottle

Question 94.
Cuscuta plant absorbs nutrient through [  ]
A) Rhizoids
B) Haustoria
C) Corolloid roots
D) Pneumatophores
Answer:
B) Haustoria

Question 95.
The process of taking food in the body is [  ]
A) Defecation
B) Absorption
C) Ingestion
D) Digestion
Answer:
C) Ingestion

Question 96.
The pair of salivary glands present below the tongue [  ]
A) Sublingual
B) Parotid
C) Submaxillary
D) All the above
Answer:
A) Sublingual

Question 97.
This enzyme breaks down complex carbohydrates to simple ones  [  ]
A) Trypsin
B) Amylase
C) Lipase
D) Pepsin
Answer:
B) Amylase

Question 98.
Due to the perista Itic movements food moves in this part of digestive system.  [  ]
A) Mouth
B) Large intestine
C) Oesophagus
D) All the above
Answer:
C) Oesophagus

Question 99.
Pepsin breaks down proteins into smaller molecules in this part of alimentary canal
A) Small intestine
B) Mouth
C) Oesophagus
D) Stomach
Answer:
D) Stomach

Question 100.
These muscles present at the end of stomach regulate the opening of the passage so that only small amount of food may be released at a time.
A) Sphincter muscle
B) Circular muscle
C) Longitudinal muscle
D) Round muscle
Answer:
A) Sphincter muscle

Question 101.
Bile juice and pancreatic juices are from liver and pancreas release into [ ]
A) Stomach
B) Small intestine
C) Large intestine
D) Oesophagus
Answer:
B) Small intestine

Question 102.
Complete digestion of carbohydrates proteins and fats takes place [  ]
A) Stomach
B) Large intestine
C) Small intestine
D) All the above
Answer:
C) Small intestine

Question 103.
Duodenum of small Intestine receives digestive juices from [  ]
A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) liver and pancreas
D) liver, pancreas and stomach
Answer:
C) liver and pancreas

Question 104.
The network of villi consists off  [  ]
A) Only blood vessels
B) Only lymph vessels
C) Both blood and lymph vessels
D) None
Answer:
C) Both blood and lymph vessels

Question 105.
Over eating is the main reason for vomiting because of the presence of high amount of this in the food. [ ]
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Minerais
Answer:
C) Fat

Question 106.
Site of light reaction [   ]
A) Grana of chloroplasts
B) Stroma of chloroplasts
C) Mitochoncirja
D) Golgi complex
Answer:
A) Grana of chloroplasts

Question 107.
We can avoid this by having plenty of roughage in the diet [   ]
A) Defecation
B) Constipation
C) Absorption
D) transportation
Answer:
B) Constipation

Question 108.
Reason for to call Hill reaction as light reaction [ ]
A) Break down of water molecule is by light
B) Break down of chlorophyll atom by light
C) Conversion of hydrogen ions of water to hydroxyl ions
D) Water is formed by combination of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions
Answer:
A) Break down of water molecule is by light

Question 109.
Eating of food that does not have one or more than one nutrients in required amounts is known as [ ]
A) Nutrition
B) Malnutrition
C) Marasmus
D) Kwashiorkor
Answer:
B) Malnutrition

Question 110.
Kwashlorkor disease occurs due to the deficiency of [ ]
A) Proteins
B) Calories
C) Both proteins and Calories
D) Fats
Answer:
A) Proteins

Question 111.
Obesity is due to eating food [ ]
A) Low quantities of nutrients
B) High quantities of nutrients
C) Over eating and excess of energy intake
D) Less eating with low energy intake
Answer:
C) Over eating and excess of energy intake

Question 112.
The gastric juice consists of [ ]
A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Pepsin
C) Mucus
D) AH the above
Answer:
D) AH the above

Question 113.
Factors required for photosynthesis are [ ]
A) Carbon dioxide, oxygen, water
B) Chlorophyll, sunlight, water
C) Chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water, sunlight
D) Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, oxygen
Answer:
C) Chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water, sunlight

Question 114.
Leaves appear green because [ ]
A) They reflect green light
B) They absorb green light
C) They refract green light
D) All the above
Answer:
A) They reflect green light

Question 115.
These ions produced in photolysis forms water and oxygen [ ]
A) OH^– ions
B) OH ions
C) Chons
D) H ions
Answer:
A) OH^– ions

Question 116.
The role of acid in stomach is [ ]
A) It kills harmful germs
B) HCl creates an acidic medium
C) Both A and B
D) None
Answer:
C) Both A and B

Question 117.
The substance which is not having relation with autotrophic nutrition [ ]
A) ATP
B) NADP
C) NADPH
D) ATGC
Answer:
D) ATGC

Question 118.
Chlorophyll pigment contains one atom of [ ]
A) Iron
B) Magnesium
C) Potassium
D) Calcium
Answer:
B) Magnesium

Question 119.
Which part of the Dodder plant (Cuscuta) forms haustoria? [ ]
A) Root
B) Stem
C) Leaf
D) All the above
Answer:
B) Stem

Question 120.
Carbohydrate digestion do not occur in this part of alimentary canal [ ]
A) Mouth
B) Oesophagus
C) Stomach
D) Small intestine
Answer:
B) Oesophagus

Question 121.
The end product of photosynthesis is ………….
A) Glucose
B) Oxygen
C) Water
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

Question 122.
Reason for cuscuta plant to perform parasitic nutrition [ ]
A) Absence of chlorophyll in leaves
B) Absence of roots
C) Stem is weak
D) Less absorption of water
Answer:
A) Absence of chlorophyll in leaves

Question 123.
Nutrients present in balanced diet are ………..
A) Carbohydrates, Proteins
B) Fats, Vitamins
C) Mineral salts
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

Question 124.
This vitamin is present only in animal foods [ ]
A) Calciferol
B) Tocoferol
C) Retinol
D) Phylloquinone
Answer:
A) Calciferol

Question 125.
One of the fat soluble vitamins Involved in coagulation of blood is …………..
A) VitaminK
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin B
D) Vitamin E
Answer:
A) VitaminK

Question 126.
Enzymes that act on proteins are [ ]
A) Trypsin, Chymotrypsin
B) Ptyalin, Amylase
C) Pepsin, Trypsin
D) Lipase, Sucrase
Answer:
C) Pepsin, Trypsin

Question 127.
Deficiency of biotin results in [ ]
A) Burning feet
B) Nerve disorders
C) Anaemia
D) Peliagra
Answer:
B) Nerve disorders

Question 128.
The chemical name of Vitamin 83 is [ ]
A) Thiamine
B) Riboflavin
C) Niacin
D) Pyridoxine
Answer:
C) Niacin

Question 129.
The causes for vomiting are [ ]
A) Over eating
B) Food containing high proportion of fat
C) When we eat something very indigestible or poisonous
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

Question 130.
The process of digestion in humans is completed in [ ]
A) Stomach
B) Large intestine
C) Oesophagus
D) Small intestine
Answer:
D) Small intestine

Question 131.
Where are proteins first digested in the alimentary canal? [ ]
A) Mouth
B) Stomach
C) Oesophagus
D) Small intestine
Answer:
B) Stomach

Question 132.
The first enzyme to mix with the food in the digestive system is ….. [ ]
A) Amylase
B) Pepsin
C) Trypsin
D) Lipase
Answer:
A) Amylase

Question 133.
The internal energy (cellular energy) reserve in autotrophs is [ ]
A) Proteins
B) Fatty acids
C) Glycogen
D) Starch
Answer:
D) Starch

Question 134.
Cell organelle concerned in photo synthesis [ ]
A) Nucleus
B) Chloroplast
C) Ribosomes
D) Chromoplast
Answer:
B) Chloroplast

Question 135.
Process responsible for the oxygen equilibrium in the atmosphere
A) Nitrogen fixation
B) Transport
C) Photosynthesis
D) Protein synthesis
Answer:
C) Photosynthesis

Question 136.
Variegated leaf experiment helps to demonstrate the essentiality of …… for photosynthesis.
A) Light
B) Chlorophyll
C) Oxygen
D) Carbon dioxide
Answer:
B) Chlorophyll

Question 137.
Half leaf experiment is used to demonstrate the requirement of…… for photosynthesis.
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Oxygen
C) Sunlight
D) Water
Answer:
A) Carbon dioxide

Question 138.
In the half leaf experiment the part of leaf showed positive for starch test [ ]
A) Leaf part in the glass bottle
B) Exposed part of the glass bottle
C) Total leaf
D) Petiole of the leaf
Answer:
B) Exposed part of the glass bottle

Question 139.
Plants and animals “restore” air for each other. This was experimentally proved by [ ]
A) Lavoisier
B) Joseph Preistly
C) Engelmen
D) Robert Hill
Answer:
B) Joseph Preistly

Question 140.
Source of carbon for autotrophs [ ]
A) Carbon monoxide
B) Carbonates
C) Carbon dioxide
D) All the above
Answer:
C) Carbon dioxide

Question 141.
Source of carbon for heterotrophs [ ]
A) Organic molecule
B) Inorganic molecule
C) Atmosphere
D) Soil
Answer:
A) Organic molecule

Question 142.
Organisms which can trap solar energy for the synthesis of food materials [ ]
A) All plants
B) Animals
C) Green plants
D) All living organisms
Answer:
C) Green plants

Question 143.
In green plants the main light absorbing molecule is [ ]
A) Chlorophyll
B) Xanthophyll
C) Carotenoid
D) Phycobilin
Answer:
A) Chlorophyll

Question 144.
The most abundant plant pigment in the world [ ]
A) Chlorophyll-2
B) Chlorophyll-b
C) Xanthophylls
D) Carotenoid
Answer:
A) Chlorophyll-2

Question 145.
Photosynthesis occurs maximum in [ ]
A) Blue and Red light
B) Red and Green light
C) Green and Blue light
D) Only in Green light
Answer:
A) Blue and Red light

Question 146.
Emulsification in digestive system is due to the presence of [ ]
A) Saliva
B) Gastric juice
C) Peptic
D) Bile juice
Answer:
D) Bile juice

Question 147.
Reasons for formation of ulcers in stomach [   ]
A) Uneasy
B) Stress and strain
C) Bacteria
D) All
Answer:
D) Bile juice

Question 148.
Which of the following equation is the correct summary of photosynthesis?

Answer:
B.

Question 149.
Riboflavin (B) deficiency causes [  ]
A) Ben Ben
B) Glossitis
C) Pellagra
D) Anaemia
Answer:
B) Glossitis

Question 150.
Disease peliagra occurs due to the deficiency of vitamin [   ]
A) Pyridoxine (B₆)
B) Niacin (B₃)
C) Cyanocobalamine (B₁₂)
D) Folie acid
Answer:
B) Niacin (B₃)

Question 152.
Vitamin ‘C’ deficiency results in a disease called [    ]
A) Burning feet
B) Scurvy
C) Xeropthalmia
D) Pernicious
Answer:
B) Scurvy

Question 153.
Identify the Antisterility vitamin.
A) Vitamin K
B) Vitamin B
C) Vitamin E
D) Biotin
Answer:
C) Vitamin E

Question 154.
Deficiency of cyanocobalamine cause a disease called [   ]
A) Pernicious Anaemia
B) Anaemia
C) Peilagra
D) Glossitis
Answer:
A) Pernicious Anaemia

Question 155.
The action of bile can be termed as [   ]
A) Esterification
B) Hydrogenation
C) Oxidation
D) Emulsification
Answer:
D) Emulsification

Question 156.
Find out who am I.
I am a vitamin.
Healing of wounds, fracture of bones does not takes place in the absence of me.
lam in vegetables, citrus fruits, and in germinating seeds.
Who am I? [  ]
A) Retinol
B) Niacine
C) Folic acid
D) None of the above
Answer:
D) None of the above

Question 157.
The oxygen liberated during photosynthesis by green plants comes from: [  ]
A) water
B) carbon dioxide
C) chlorophyll
D) glucose
Answer:
A) water

Question 158.
When Rani injured her finger, it took a lot of time to coagulate the blood. Imagine the cause for it. [  ]
A) Deficiency of vitamin D
B) Deficiency of vitamin K
C) Rani has a lot of bad blood in her body
D) Rani has less blood
Answer:
B) Deficiency of vitamin K

Question 159.
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast to produce sugars, starches and carbohydrates. If chloroplast Is absent, then [ ]
A) carbohydrates will not be prepared
B) the plant will die
C) the plant will grow healthy
D) all the above
Answer:
B) the plant will die

Question 160.
In plants, an exchange of gases takes place through the ……….
A) leaf veins
B) cepals
C) stomata
D) xylem
Answer:
C) stomata

Question 161.
Marasmus disease is due to the deficiency of ……………. [ ]
A) proteins
B) calories
C) options (A) and (B)
D) none of these
Answer:
C) options (A) and (B)

Question 162.
As per the advice of the doctor, a patient needs to be given glucose …………..
A) till the total recovery of the patient
B) till confirming that the patient is in no debility
C) till the patients sleeps
D) options (A) and (B)
Answer:
B) till confirming that the patient is in no debility

Question 163.
Observe the below statements.
i) Protein deficiency in diet leads to Kwashiorkor disease.
ii) Deficiency of only calories leads to Marasmus disease.
A) (i) anti (ii) are true
B) (i) true but (ii) false
C) (i) false but (ii) true
D) (i) and (ii) both false
Answer:
B) (i) true but (ii) false

Question 164.
This process doesn’t take place, if a plant is kept in dark room. [ ]
A) Respiration
B) Reproduction
C) Photosynthesis
D) Water transportation
Answer:
C) Photosynthesis

Question 165.
A person is not suffering from indigestion. This can be analysed as ……….
A) balanced diet is not taken
B) taking diet in hurry
C) thoroughly chewing the food
D) doing exercise after meal
Answer:
C) thoroughly chewing the food

Question 166.
The carbohydrate stored in plants is:
A) Glucose
B) Starch
C) Fructose
D) Sucrose
Answer:
B) Starch

Question 167.
The scientist who found that water is essential for the increase of plant mass [ ]
A) Pelletier
B) lngenhousz
C) Von Helmont
D) Caventou
Answer:
C) Von Helmont

Question 168.
Site of photosynthesis is: [ ]
A) Mitochondria
B) Cytoplasm
C) Nucleus
D) Chloroplast
Answer:
D) Chloroplast

Question 169.
Oxygen is released during this process
A) Photosynthesis
B) Photolysis
C) Respiration
D) None of the above
Answer:
B) Photolysis

Question 170.
The third layer of chloroplast is:
A) Inner membrane
B) Stroma
C) Grana
D) Epidermis
Answer:
C) Grana

Question 171.
The teeth we use to cut an apple are ………………
A) Incisors
B) Canines
C) Premolars
D) Molars
Answer:
A) Incisors

Question 172.
1) Cuscuta, lice, leeches [ ] a protozoan
2) Amoeba [  ] Saprophytes paramoecium
3) Fungi, yeast [  ] c) Parasites
Identify the correctly matched pair.  [  ]
A) 1) b, 2) a, 3) c
B) 1) a, 2) b, 3) c
C) 1) c, 2) a, 3) b
D) 1) c, 2) b, 3) a
Answer:
C) 1) c, 2) a, 3) b

Question 173.
Lean and weak, less appetite are the symptoms for the disease
A) Pernicious anaemia
B) Anaemia
C) Burning feet
D) Scurvy
Answer:
A) Pernicious anaemia

Question 174.
The 3 D-s – Diarrhoea, Dermatitis, Dementia are the symptoms of the disease:
A) Beri Beri
B) glossitis
C) Pellagra
D) Anaemia
Answer:
C) Pellagra

Question 175.
The chemical name of vitamin – C is [   ]
A) Thiamine
B) Calciferol
C) Ascorbic acid
D) Tocoferol
Answer:
C) Ascorbic acid

Question 176.
The first part of small intestine is [   ]
A) Duodenum
B) Jejunum
C) Ileum
D) Rectum
Answer:
A) Duodenum

Question 177.
The chemical name of the vitamin which leads to deficiency disease,fertility disorders is …………
A) Calciferol
B) Tocoferol
C) Phylloquinone
D) Retinol
Answer:
B) Tocoferol

Question 178.
The enzyme secreted by the stomach is [ ]
A) Trypsin
B) Pepsin
C) Lipase
D) Amylase
Answer:
B) Pepsin

Question 179.
The name of the salivary enzyme secreted by salivary glands is [ ]
A) Amylase
B) Sucrose
C) Lactose
D) Ptyalin
Answer:
D) Ptyalin

Question 180.
The light harvesting pigment present in green plants contains one atom of [ ]
A) iron
B) magnesium
C) calcium
D) none of the above
Answer:
B) magnesium

Question 181.
The scientist who breaks up plant, cells to isolate chloroplast is [ ]
A) Daniel I, Arnon
B) Robert Hill
C) Melvin Calvin
D) Jan Ingenhousz
Answer:
A) Daniel I, Arnon

Question 182.
The plant which is used to observe oxygen released in bright sunlight is ………….
A) Valisneria
B) Hydrilla
C) Rose
D) China Rose
Answer:
B) Hydrilla

Question 183.
The nutrition in which an organism takes the complex organic food by the process of Ingestion, digests and absorbs into the body cells is called …………
A) saprophytic nutrition
B) parasitic nutrition
C) holozoic nutrition
D) autotrophic nutrition
Answer:
C) holozoic nutrition

Question 184.
Identify ‘X’.

A) Chyme
B) Bolus
C) Digestive enzyme
D) AH the above
Answer:
B) Bolus

Question 185.
The vitamin required for proper vision [ ]
A) Vitamin — B₁
B) Vitamin — B₂
C) Vitamin — A
D) Vitamin — C
Answer:
C) Vitamin — A

Question 186.
Observe the following statements:
a) Autotrophs are the organisms capable of using light.
b) Priestly revealed the essential role of air in the growth of green plants.
A) a, b false
B) a correct, b false
C) a false, b correct
D) both a, b correct
Answer:
D) both a, b correct

Question 187.
Identify the mismatched pairs :[  ]
1) Vitamin – A   a) Pellagra
2) Vitamin – C   b) Night blindness
3) Vitamin – D   c) Rickets
A) 2,3
B) 1,2
C) 1,2,3
D) 1,3
Answer:
B) 1,2

Question 188.
Mitochondria : Power house of the cell; ATP:.. ? [  ]
A) Assimilatory energy
B) Energy currency
C) Cell currency
D) Emergency currency
Answer:
B) Energy currency

Question 189.
Green plants : roots ; Cuscuta : …………….. ?
A) Rhizopodia
B) Lobopodia
C) Pseudopodia
D) Haustoria
Answer:
D) Haustoria

Question 190.
A student prepared a model of elementary canal like the following.

The labelled part ‘X’ indicates the following:
A) Small intestine
B) Pyloric sphincter
C) Anus
D) Large instestine
Answer:
D) Large instestine

Question 191.
NADP stands for …………..
A) Nicotine
B) Phosphate
C) Nicotinamicle Adenine Double Phosphate
D) Nicotinamide Adenine Di Phosphate
Answer:
D) Nicotinamide Adenine Di Phosphate

Question 192.
Which biological process is going on in the given organism? [ ]

A) Excretion
B) Nutrition
C) Respiration
D) Circulation
Answer:
B) Nutrition

Question 193.
Arrange the flow, chart in the correct order.

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B) 1, 3. 2, 4. 5
C) 1, 2, 3,5,4
D) 1, 3, 2, 5, 4
Answer:
D) 1, 3, 2, 5, 4

Question 194.

The children shown in the above figure are suffering from a disease. Can you name it?
A) obesity
B) Rickets
C) Pellagra
D) Kwashiorkor
Answer:
D) Kwashiorkor

Question 195.
Arrange the flow chart in the correct order. [ ]

A) 5, 3, 4, 1,2
B) 5, 1,2,3,4
C) 5. 2, 1, 3, 4
D) 5, 2, 1, 4, 3
Answer:
D) 5, 2, 1, 4, 3

Question 196.

The boy shown iii the above figure is suffering from malnutrition. Can is you name the disease that he suffering from? [ ]
A) Kwashiorkor
B) Obesity
C) Marasmus
D) Pellagra
Answer:
C) Marasmus

Question 197.

This is one of the symptoms of the following disease ………… [     ]
A) Kwashiorkor
B) Marasmus
C) Obesity
D) Pellagra
Answer:
D) Pellagra

Question 198.
This is the best example for the following type of nutrition ……. [  ]

A) Autotrophic nutrition
B) Heterotrophic nutrition
C) Saprophytic nutrition
D) Parasitic nutrition
Answer:
D) Parasitic nutrition

Question 199.
Match the following.

A) 1-b. 2-c, 3-a
B) 1-c, 2-b. 3-a
C) 1-a, 2-h, 3-c
D) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b
Answer:
D) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b

Question 200.
This experiment is done to prove the importance of  ………… [   ]

A) Sunlight
B) CO₂
C) O₂
D) Water
Answer:
A) Sunlight

Question 201.
In this is experiment, ‘X’ indicates the following ………… [   ]

A) Hydrogen
B) Oxygen
C) CO₂
D) Nitrogen
Answer:
B) Oxygen

Question 202.
The following scientist conducted this experiment. [ ]

A) Calvin
B) Mohi
C) lngenhousz
D) Priestly
Answer:
D) Priestly

Question 203.
Match the following.
List-A —- List-B
1) Hydrilla experiment  [ ] — a) Pelletier and Caventou
2) Bell jar experiment [   ] — b) Priestly
3) Discovery of Chlorophyll [    ] — c) Jngeiihousz
A) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b
B) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a
C) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c
D) 1-c, 2-b. 3-a
Answer:
D) 1-c, 2-b. 3-a

Question 204.
Find out the missing thing from the table. [   ]

Plant part	Function
1. Stomata	Gaseous exchange
2. Chlorophyll	?

A) Trapping of CO₂
B) Absorption of water
C) Synthesis of food
D) Formation of O₂
Answer:
C) Synthesis of food

Question 205.
Complete this flow chart.  [  ]

A) ATP
B) ADP
C) RUBP
D) ATP, NADPH
Answer:
D) ATP, NADPH

Question 206.
Fill this flow chart.  [   ]

A) Cyanocobalamine
B) Phylloquinone
C) Thiamine
D) Biotin
Answer:
B) Phylloquinone

Question 207.
Complete this flow chart [   ]

A) Rickets
B) Scurvy
C) Night blindness
D) Pellagra
Answer:
B) Scurvy

Question 208.
Complete this flow chart [   ]

A) Cyanocobalamine
B) Thiamine
C) Calciferol
D) Folk acid
Answer:
C) Calciferol

Question 209.
Match the following. [   ]
List – A —- List – B
1) Vitamin – B₁ [    ] — a) Anaemia
2) Vitamin – B [    ] — b) Pernicious Anaemia
3) Vitamin – B₁₂ [   ]  — c) Ben-ben
A) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a
B) 1-a. 2-b, 3-c
C) 1-a, 2-c, 3-b
D) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b
Answer:
D) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b

Question 210.
Complete this table.

Enzyme	Location of release
1) Pepsin 2) Trypsin	Stomach ?

A) Oesophagus
B) Buccal Cavity
C) Duodenum
D) Stomach
Answer:
C) Duodenum

Question 211.
Complete this table.

Type of food	End products
1) Carbohydrates 2) Proteins	Glucose ?

A) Glycerol
B) Fat globules
C) Starch
D) Amino acids
Answer:
D) Amino acids

Question 212.
Complete this table. [ ]

Enzyme	Organ of release
1. Ptyalin 2. AmyLase	Salivary glands ?

A) Walls of stomach
B) Walls of
C) Liver
D) Pancreas intestine
Answer:
D) Pancreas intestine

Question 213.

What is the life process going on in that? [  ]
A) Digestion
B) Excretion
C) Respiration
D) Nutrition
Answer:
D) Nutrition

Question 214.
The aim of the above experiment is to prove the importance of in photosynthesis. [   ]

A) O
B) Sunlight
C) CO₂
D) Water
Answer:
C) CO₂

Question 215.

This test is conducted to test the presence of  [  ]
A) Proteins
B) Fat
C) Chlorophyll
D) Starch
Answer:
D) Starch

Question 216.

In the above model of digestive system ‘x’ denotes ….. [   ]
A) Liver
B) Stomach
C) Small intestine
D) Pancreas
Answer:
D) Pancreas

Question 217.

This is a sketch of leaf partially covered with black paper for black paper experiment. Which part turn blue-black after starch test?
A) I only
B) II only
C) I and III
D) II and III
Answer:
C) I and III

Question 218.
Which is the correct leaf for the experiment to prove CO₂ is essential for photosynthesis?  [   ]
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Answer:
B) 2

Question 219.
What is the enzyme involved in the following reaction?  [  ]
Fat \(\text { globules } \frac{?}{\text { Duodenum }} \text { Fatty }\)+Glycerol
A) Amylase
B) Trypsin
C) Peptidases
D) Lipase
Answer:
D) Lipase

Question 220.
Name the digestive juice involved in the following reaction. [ ]
\(\text { Fats } \underset{\text { Duodenum }}{\longrightarrow} \text { Fat globules }\)
A) Lipase
B) Amylase
C) Trypsin
D) Bile juice
Answer:
D) Bile juice

Question 221.
Match the following.
List-A —- List-B
1) Bolus [ ] a) Stomach
2) Chile [ ] b) Intestine
3) Chyme [ ] c) mouth
A) 1-a, 2-c, 3-b
B) 1-c, 2-b, 3-a
C) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c
D) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b
Answer:
D) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b

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प्रश्न-उत्तर :

प्रश्न 1.
मीटे गीत कौन गाती है ?
(बయ్యటి పాట ఎవరు పాడుతున్నారు ?)
उत्तर :
मीठे गीत कोयल गाती है।
(తియ్యటి పాట కోకిల పాడుతున్నది.)

प्रश्न 2.
कोयल किसके लिए पानी माँगती है?
(కోకిల దేనికోసం నీరు కావాలంటున్నది?)
उत्तर :
कोयल धरती का प्यास मिटाने के लिए पानी माँगती है।
(కోకిల భూమి యొక్క దాహన్ని తీర్చడానికి నీరు కావాలసుంటున్నది.)

प्रश्न 3.
बादल प्रकृति की शोभा कैसे बढ़ाते हैं?
(మేఘాలు ప్రకృతి శోభను ఎట్లా పెంచుతాయి?)
उत्तर :
आकाश में फैले बादलों से पानी बरसता है। पानी से प्रकृति को नया जीवन मिलता है और प्रकृति का कण-कण पुलकित होता है। चारों ओर हरियाली फैलती है। तालाब, झील, नदियाँ, सर सब पानी से भर जाते हैं। सारी प्रकृति सुखदायी प्रेरणा और शक्ति भरती है। इस तरह बादलों से प्रकृति की शोभा बढती है।

(నింగిలో వ్యాపించిన మేఘాల నుండి వాన కురుస్తుంది. నీటి వలన (ప్రకృతికి క్రొత్త జీవితం లభిస్తుంది. ప్రకృతి యొక్క అణువణువు పులకిస్తుంది. నలువైపులా పచ్చదనం వ్యాపిస్తుంది. చెరువులు, సెలయేర్లు, నదులు, సరస్సులు అన్నీ నీటితో నిండుతాయి. (ప్రకృతి అంతా సుఖకరమైన (పేరణ, శక్తిని నింపుతుంది. ఈ విధంగా మేఘాల వలన (ప్రక్లతి శోభ పెరుగుతుంది.)

प्रश्न – ప్రశ్నలు :

प्रश्न 1.
मेघ, बिजली और बूँदों का वर्णन यहाँ कैसे किया गया है?
(మేఘం, మెరుపు మరియు నీటి బిందువుల వర్ణన ఇక్కడ ఎలా చేయబడింది ?)
उत्तर :
“बरसते बादल” कविता में पंतजी ने सावन के समय के प्राकृतिक सौंदर्य का सुंदर चित्रण किया है। सावन के समय आकाश में काले घनघोर बादल छाये रहते हैं। वे झम – झम बरसते हैं। काले बादलों के हृदय में बिजली चमकती है। वर्षा की बूँदें छम – छम धरती पर गिरती हैं। इनके स्पर्श से मन पुलकित होता है। धरती पर वर्षा की धाराएँ बहती हैं। सारी प्रकृति मनमोहक दिखती है।

(‘కురిసే మేఘాలు’ కవితలో పంత్గారు శాావణమాస ప్రకృతి సౌందర్యాన్ని చక్కగా వర్ణించారు. శ్రావణ సమయమందు ఆకాశంలో దట్టమైన నల్లని మేఘాలు వ్యాపించి ఉంటాయి. అవి హోరున కురుస్తాయి. నల్లని మేఘాల హృదయంలో మెరుపు మెరుస్తుంది. వాన చినుకులు చిటపటమని భూమి మీద పడతాయి. వాటి స్పర్శతో మనస్సు పులకిస్తుంది. భూమి మీద వర్షపు ధారలు ప్రవహిస్తాయి. (ప్రకృతి అంతా మనోహరంగా గోచరిస్తుంది.)

प्रश्न 2.
प्रकृति की कौन-कौनसी चीजें मन को छू लेती हैं?
(కృతోని ఏఏ వస్తువులు మనస్సును హత్తుకుంటాయు ?
उत्तर :
वर्षा के समय की प्रकृति शोभा निराली होती है। इस समय के काले – काले बादल, वर्षा की बूँदें, चमकनेवाली बिजली, बहती जल धाराएँ; पेड – पौधे आदि प्रकृति कीं चीज़ें मन को छू लेती हैं।)

(వర్షాకాలపు ప్రకృతి శోభ అద్వితీయంగా ఉంటుంది. ఆ సమయంలో నల్లనల్లని మేఘాలు, వాన చినుకులు, మెరిసే మెరుపు, ప్రవహించే జల నీటిధారలు, చెట్లు – మొక్కలు (ప్రకృతిలోని మొదలైన వస్తువులు మనస్సును హత్తుకుంటాయి.)

अर्थग्राहयता -प्रतिक्रिया :

अ. घने बादलों का वर्णन अपने शब्दों में कीजिए।
(దట్టమైన మేఘాల వర్ణన మీ మాటలలో చేయండి.)
उत्तर :
सावन के समय (वर्षा ऋतु) आसमान में घने काले बादल छाये रहते हैं। वे भयांनक रूप से घूमते रहते हैं। विविध आकृतियों में रहकर वे गर्जन करते रहते हैं। रह – रहकर उनके बीच बिजली चमक उठती है। काले घने बादलों को देखकर सब प्राणी खुश हो जाते हैं। दादुर टर्राते हैं। मोर कूकते हैं। चातक शोर मचाते हैं। शीतल पवन के छूते ही बादल बरस पडते हैं। मूसलधार वर्षा होती है। धरती भी पुलकित होती है। प्रकृति का कण – कण प्रसन्न दिखने लगता है। बच्चे हर्षोल्लास से झूमते हैं।

(కశావణ మాస సమయములో ఆకాశంలో దట్టమైన నల్లని మేఘాలు వ్యాపించి ఉంటాయి. అవి భయానకరూపంలో విహరిస్తూ ఉంటాయి. అనేక రూపాలతో ఉండి అవి గర్జిస్తూ ఉంటాయి. ఉండీ ఉండీ వాటి మధ్య మెరుపుమెరుస్తూ ఉంటుంది. దట్టమైన నల్లని మేఘాలను చూసి ప్రాణులన్నీ ఆనందిస్తాయి. కప్పలు అరుస్తాయి. నెమళ్ళులు కూస్తాయి. చకోరములు కలరవము చేస్తాయి. చల్లని గాలి తగలగానే మేఘాలు కురుస్తాయి. వర్షపు ధారలు కురుస్తాయి. భూమాత కూడా పులకిస్తుంది. ప్రకృతిలోని అణువణువు సంతోషంగా కనిపస్తుంటుంది. పిల్లలు ఆనందోత్సాహములతో నాట్యమాడుతారు.)

आ. वाक्य उचित क्रम में लिखिए।

प्रश्न 1.
हैं झम – झम बरसते झम – झम मेघ के सावन।
उत्तर :
झम – झम – झम – झम मेघ बरसते हैं सावन के।

प्रश्न 2.
गगन में गर्जन घुमड़ – घुमड़ गिर भरते मेघ।
उत्तर :
घुमड – घुमड गिर मेघ गगन में भरते गर्जन।

प्रश्न 3.
धरती पर झरती धाराएँ पर धाराओं।
उत्तर :
धाराओं पर धाराएँ झरती धरती पर।

इ. नीचे दिए गए भाव की पंक्तियाँ लिखिए।

प्रश्न 1.
बादलों के घोर अंधकार के बीच बिजली चमक रही है और मन दिन में ही सपने देखने लगा है।
उत्तर :
चम – चम बिजली चमक रही रे उर में घन के
थम – थम दिन के तम में सपने जगते मन के ॥

प्रश्न 2.
कवि चाहता है कि जीवन में सावन बार – बार आए और सब मिलकर झूलों में झूलें।
उत्तर :
इंद्रधनुष के झूले में झूलें मिल सब जन,
फिर-फिर आए जीवन में सावन मनभावन ॥

ई. पद्यांश पढ़कर प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए।

बंद किये हैं बादल ने अंबर के दरवाजे सारे,
नहीं नज़र आता है सूरज ना कहीं चाँद – सितारे।
ऐसा मौसम देखकर, चिड़ियों के भी पंख पसारे.
हो प्रसक्न धरती के वासी, नभ की ओोर निहारे॥

प्रश्न 1.
किसने अंबर के दरवाज़े बंद कर दिए हैं?
उत्तर :
बादल ने अंबर के दरवाज़े बंद कर दिए हैं।

प्रश्न 2.
इस कविता का विषयं क्या है?
उत्तर :
इस कविता का विषय प्रकृति है।

अभिव्यक्ति – सृजनात्मकता :

अ. वर्षा सभी प्राणियों के लिए जीवन का आधार है। कैसे ?
(వర్షం అన్నిప్రాణులకు జీనాధారము. ఎట్లు ?
उत्तर :
धरती पर रिथत प्राणि मात्र के जीने के लिए पानी अत्यंत आवश्यक है। बिना पानी के कोई भी प्राणी जीवित नहीं रह सकता। ऐसा अमूल्य पानी वर्षा से ही मिलता है। मानव और अन्य प्राणियों को पेय जल मिलता है। खाद्यान्न उत्पन्न करने, जलचरों को जीने, पेड – पौधों के जीवित रहने, पर्यावरण का संतुलन बनाये रहने पानी ही एक मात्र आधार है। इसलिए यह कथन उचित ही है कि वर्षा सभी प्राणियों के लिए जीवन का आधार है।

(భూమి మీద నివసించే ప్రాణులన్నింటికి నీరు చాలా అవసరము. నీరు లేకుండా ఏ ప్రాణీ జీవించలేదు. అట్టీ అమూల్యమైన నీరు వర్షం ద్వారానే లభిస్తున్నది. మానవులకు ఇతర ప్రాణులకు క్రాగునీరు లభిస్తుంది. ఆహార పదార్థాలు పండించటానికి జల ప్రాణులు జీవించడానికి, చెట్లు – మొక్కలు జీవించడానికి వాతావరణ సమతౌల్యము ఏర్పడుటకు నీరే ముఖ్య అధారము. అందువలన వర్ష్ అన్ని ప్రాణులకు జీవనాధారము అని చెప్పడం (అనడం) సరియైనదే.)

आ. ‘बरसते बादल’ कविता में प्रकृति का सुंदर चित्रण है। उसे अपने शब्दों में लिखिए।
(బరస్తే బాదల్ కవితలో ప్రకృతిని చాలా అందంగా చిత్రీకరించారు”. దీనిని మి మాటలలో వ్రాయండి.)
उत्तर :
‘बरसते बादल’ कविता के कवि श्री सुमित्रानंदन पंतजी है। प्रकृति सौंदर्य के वर्णन में आप बेजोड कवि माने जाते हैं। इस कविता में पंतजी ने सावन (वर्षा ऋतु) का सुंदर वर्णन किया है।
सावन (श्रावण मास) के बादल झम – झम बरसते हैं। पेडों से छनकर (छलकती) बूँदें छम – छम करके धरती पर गिरती हैं। बादलों के हृदय में बिजली चमकती है। तब दिन में भी अंधकार छा जाता है। मन में अनेक प्रकार के सपने जगने लगतें हैं।
वर्षा के होने पर मेंढक टर्राते हैं। झींगुर झीं – झीं करते हैं। मोर म्यव – म्यव – म्यव करते हैं। चातक पक्षी पीउ – पीउ की आवाज करते हैं। जल पक्षी उडते गीली सुख से क्रंदन करते हैं। आसमान में घुमड – घुमड कर बादल गरजते हैं।
वर्षा की बूँदें रिमझिम करते बरसती हैं। उनके स्पर्श से रोम – रोम सिहर उठते हैं। अर्थात् रोमांचित होता है। मन प्रफुक्कित होता है। धरती पर वर्षा की धाराएँ बहती हैं, मिट्टी के कण – कण से कोमल तृण उत्पत्न हो प्रसत्रता से झूमते हैं।

इ. प्रकृति सौंदर्य पर एक छोटी – सी कविता लिखिए।
(ప్రకృతి సౌందర్యం మీీ ఒక దిన్న కవితను వ్రాయండి)
उत्तर :
मेरे घर के पास लठा है,
पेड नीम का हरा – भरा।
उसकी डालें झुक – इुक छूतीं,
मेरे रहने का कमरा।
अभी अभी निकली फुनठी में,
नयी – नयी प्यारी कोंपल,
लाल, बैंगनी रंग देखकर
मेरा मन बनता शीतल।
रोज़ सबेरे चिड़ियाँ आकर
इस कें शोर मचाती हैं,

तरह – तरह के ठाने गाकर
मेरा दिल बहलाती हैं।
वैसे भी मैं रोज़ बैठता
इसकी छाया के नीचे,
खेला करता आँख – मिचौनी
कभी – कभी आँखें मींचे।
नीम न होती अठर सामने
तो घर उजडा दिखलाता,
हरियाली के बिना हमारा
दिल न यों हरा रह पाता।

ई. ‘फिर – फिर आए जीवन में सावन मनभावन’ ऐसा क्यों कहा गया होगा? स्पष्ट कीजिए।
(“జీవితంలో మనసుకు నచ్చిన శ్రావణ మాసం రావాలి” చెప్పబడింది ? స్పష్టంచేయండ.)
उत्तर :
कवि चाहते हैं

कि जीवन में सावन बार-बार आए और सब मिलकर झूलों में झूलें। क्योंकि वर्षा ऋतु हमेशा सबकी प्रिय ऋतु रही है। वर्षा के समय प्रकृति की सुंदरता देखने लायक होती है। पेड – पौधे, पशु – पक्षी, मनुष्य और यहाँ तक कि धरती भी खुशी से झूम उठती हैं। वर्षा की धाराओं के कारण मिट्टी के कण – कण से कोमल अंकुर फूट कर तृण बन जाते हैं। उस वर्षा के पानी को पाकर सभी का मन झूलने लगता है। कवि कहते हैं कि इन्द्रधनुष को झूला बनाकर हम सब मिलकर आकाश में झूलना चाहते हैं। ऐसी सुंदर – सुंदर घटनाओं के कारण से कवि फिर फिर वर्षा ऋंतु का आगमन करना चाहते हैं।

(కవి జీవితంలో క్రావణవాసం మరలా మరలా రావాలని అందరూ ఉయ్లాలు ఉగాలని కోరుకుంటున్నారు. ఎందుకంటే వర్నాకాలం ఎప్పుడూ అందరికి ఇష్టమైన బుతువు.వర్షపు సమయం ప్రకృతి అందం చూడదగినది.చెట్లు – మొక్కలు, పశువులు – పక్షులు, మనిషి మరియు భూమి కూడా ఆనందంతో ఉగిపోతాయి. వర్షపు ధారల వలన మట్టిలోని ప్రతి ఒక కణములో సున్నిశమైన మొలకలు వచ్చి గడ్డిలాగా మారతాయి. అ వర్షప్ నీటిని పట్టుకోవటం వలన అందరి మనస్సు ఆనందంతో ఉగిపోతుంది. ఇంద్రధనస్సును ఉయ్యాలల మార్చి మనమందరం కలసి ఆకాశంలో ఉగాలన కోరుకుందాం అని కవి చెప్తన్నారు. అందమైన ఘునలను కారణముగ కవి మరలా మరలా వర్షబుతువును ఆహ్వానించాలనుకుంటున్నారు.)

भाषा की बात (భాషా విషయము) :

अ. तरु, गगन, घन (पर्याय शब्द लिखिए।) (పర్యాయ పదాలు వ్రాయండి.)
उत्तर :

• तरु (చెట్టు) – पेड, वृक्ष, पादप, विटप, दरख्त
• गगन (అకాశ०) – आकाश, नभ, अंबर, आसमान, व्योम
• घन (మేఘ०) – मेघ, बादल, जलद, नीरद, अभ्र

आ. मेघ, तरु (वाक्य प्रयोग कीजिए।) (మేఘ్, తరు పదాలకు వాక్యహ్రయోగం చేయండి.)
उत्तर :

• मेघ – वर्षा होने से पहले आकाश में नीले मेघ छा जाते हैं।
• तरु – तरुओं से प्राणवायु आक्सिजन मिलता है और ये पर्यावरण में संतुलन बनाये रखते हैं।

इ. इन्हें समझिए और सुचना के अनुसार कीजिए। (వీటిని అర్థం చేసుకోండి, సూచన ప్రకారం చేయండి)

1. बादल बरसते हैं। (रेखांकित शब्द का पद परिचय दीजिए।) (గీత గీచిన పదానికి పద పరిచయం ఇవ్వండి.)
उत्तर :
बादल → संज्ञा, जातिवाचक, अन्य पुरुश, पुंलिंग, बहुवचन, बरसते हैं क्रिया का कर्ता।

2. पेड़ – पौधे, पशु – पक्षी (समास पहचानिए।) (సమాసాన్నిగుర్తించండి.)
उत्तर :
पेड़-पौधे → पेड और पौधे → द्वंद्व समास
पशु-पक्षी → पशु और पक्षी → द्वंद्व समास

ई. शब्द – संक्षेप लिखिए।

1. मन को भानेवाला
उत्तर :
मनभावन

2. मन को मोहने वाला
उत्तर :
मनमोहक

परियोजना कार्य :

वर्षा, बादल, नदी, सागर, सूरज, चाँद, झरने आदि में किसी एक विषय पर प्रकृति वर्णन से जुड़ी कविता का संग्रह कीजिए। कक्षा में उसका प्रदर्शन कीजिए।
(వర్షం, మేఘం, నది, సముద్రం, సూర్యుడు, చంద్రుడు, సెలయేరు మొదలైన వాటిలో ఏదో ఒక విషయం మీద ఉన్న ప్రకృతి వర్ణనతో కూడిన కవితను సేకరంచండి. తరగతి లో దానిని ప్రదర్శించండి.)

चाँद

चम – चम – चम – चम चंदा चमके
तारे चमके झिलमिल।
आओ – आओ खेले हिल मिल
आज – चाँदनी में हम – सब॥

ठंडी – ठंडी हवा बह रही
लोरी – सी कुछ गाती।
अभी नहीं सोयेगा कोई
नींद किसे है आती॥

देखो धीमे – धीमे झूमीं
फूलों के ये पाँखें।
जुही, चमेली चमकीं जैसे
बग्रिया की सौं आँखें॥

खूब भरी है नदी दूध हो
दूध भरा है झरना।
अच्छा लगता आज सभी को
दूर – दूर तक फिरना॥

अरे चाँद, तुम कौन बताओ
चाँदी की थाली – से।
प्यारे तारे, झरे फूल से
बोलो, किस डाली से॥

झरना

कल – कल करता झरना बहता
कानों में रस घोल रहा है।
गुनगुनी धूप, रेत की चादर
माता के आंचल में छुपाकर
जैसे बच्चा सो रहा है।
कल – कल करता झरना बहता
कानों में रस घोल रहा है।
कलख करते पंछी गाते,
तोता मैना गीत सुनांते
मेरा भी मन डोल रहा है।
कल – कल करता झरना बहता

कानों में रस घोल रहा है।
नीला अंबर, मीठा पानी,
प्रकृति कहे सुनो कहानी
जग अपने पट खोल रहा है
कल – कल करता झरना बहता
कानों में रस घोल रहा है।

उद्देश्य (ఉద్దేశ్యము) :

प्रकृति के प्रति काव्य रचनाओं के प्रोत्साहन के साथ-साथ सौंदर्यबोध पाना और मनोरंजन करना ।
(ప్రకృతి పట్ల కావ్య రచనలలో ప్రోత్సాహాన్ని అందిస్తూ సౌందర్య బోధన పొందటం, మానసికోల్లాసం కలిగించటం.)

विधा विशेष (విభాగ-విశేషణము) :

‘बरसते बादल’ कविता पाठ है। कविता भावनाओं को उदात्त बनाने के साथ-साथ सौंदर्यबोध को भी सजाती – सँवारती है। प्रस्तुत् कविता नाद (ध्वनि) के साथ गेय योग्य है।
(“బరస్ బాదల్” కవితా పాఠము. కవితా భావనలను ఉన్నతం చేయటంతోపాటు సౌందర్య జ్ఞానాన్ని ఇనుమడింపచేస్తున్నది. ప్రస్తుత కవిత నాదయుక్తముగా పాడదగినది.)

कवि परिचय (కవి పరిచయము) :

ప్రకృతి చిత్రణలో అద్వితీయ కవి అని పిలువబడే సుమిత్రానందన్ పంత్ జననం 1900లో అల్మోడాలో జరిగింది. సాహిత్య రచనకుగాను ఈయనకు సాహిత్య అకాడమీ, సోవియత్ రూస్ మరియు జ్ఞానపీఠ్ పురస్కారాలు ఇవ్వబడినవి. వీణ, గ్రంథి, పల్లవ్, గుంజన్, యుగాంత్, గ్రామా, స్వర్ణ కిరణ్, కలా ఔర్ బూఢా చాంద్ మరియు చిదంబరా మొదలైనవి వీరి ప్రముఖ రచనలు. వీరిని చిదంబరా కావ్యానికిగాను జ్ఞాన్ పీఠ్ పురస్కారాన్ని ఇచ్చి సత్కరించడం జరిగింది. వీరు 1977లో మరణించారు.

विषय प्रवेश (విషయ ప్రవేశము) :

(వర్ష ఋతువు ఎల్లప్పుడూ అందరికీ ఇష్టమైన ఋతువు. వర్షము కురుస్తున్న సమయంలో ప్రకృతి సౌందర్యం చూడదగినదిగా ఉంటుంది. చెట్లు, మొక్కలు, పశువులు, పక్షులు మరియు మానవులు ఆనందంతో ఊగిపోతారు. ఈ సౌందర్య వర్ణనే ఇక్కడ వ్యక్తపరచబడినది.)

शब्दार्थ-भावार्थ :

1. इमं-झम-झम-इस मेघ बरसते हैं सावन के,
छम-छम-छम गिरती बूँदे तरुओं से छन के।
चम-चम बिजली चमक रही रे उर में घन के,
थम-थम दिन के तम में सपने जगते मन के॥

शब्दार्थ (శబ్దార్ధములు) Meanings :

भावार्थ : सावन (श्रावण मास) के बादल झम – झम बरसते हैं। पेडों से छनकर (छलकती) बूँदें छम – छम करके धरती पर गिरती हैं। बादलों के हृदय में बिज़ली चमकती है। तब दिन में भी अंधकार छा जाता है। मन में अनेक प्रकार के सपने जगने लगते हैं।

భావార్థం : (శావణమాస మేఘాలు హోరున (శబ్దం చేస్తూ) వర్షిస్తాయి. చెట్ల నుండి చినుకులు టప్ మని శబ్దం చేస్తూ భూమి మీద పడతాయి. మేఘాల హృదయములో మెరుపు మెరుస్తుంది. అప్పుడు పగటి పూటే చీకటి వ్యాపిస్తుంది. మనస్సులో అనేక స్వప్నాలు మేలుకుంటాయి.

2. दादुर टर-टर करते झिल्ली बजती इन-इन,
‘क्यव-क्यव’ रे मोर ‘पीउ’ ‘पीउ’ चातक के ठण।।
उड़ते सोनबालक, आर्द – सुख से कर क्रंदन,
घुमड़-घुमड़ विर मेघ ठगन में भरते गर्जन ॥

शब्दार्थ (శబ్దార్ధములు) Meanings :

भावार्थ : वर्षा के होने पर मेंढक टर्राते हैं। झींगुर झीं – झीं करते हैं। मोर म्यव – म्यव – म्यव करते हैं। चातक पक्षी पीउ – पीउ की आवाज करते हैं। जल पक्षी उडते गीली सुख से क्रकंदन करते हैं। आसमान में घुमड – घुमड कर बादल गरजते हैं।

భావార్ధం : వర్షం కురిసినప్పుడు కప్పలు బెకబెకమంటాయి. కీచురాళ్ళు కీచ్మని అరుస్తాయి. నెమళ్ళు కూ-కూమని . అరుస్తాయి. చకోర పక్షులు పీ – పీ అంటూ కూస్తాయి. జల పక్షులు ఎగురుతూ తడిసిన ఆనందముతో అరుస్తాయి. ఆకాశంలో మేఘాలు దట్టంగా కమ్ముకొని గర్జిస్తాయి.

3. रिमझिम-रिमझिन्म क्या कुछ कहते बूँदों के स्वर,
रोम सिहर उठते छूते वे भीतर अंतर।
धाराओं पर धाराएँ झरती धरती पर,
रज के कण-कण में तृण – तृण को पुलकावलि थर ॥

शब्दार्थ (శబ్దార్ధములు) Meanings :

भावार्थ : वर्षा की बूँदें रिमझिम करते बरसती हैं। उनके स्पर्श से रोम – रोम सिहर उठते हैं। अर्थात् रोमांच होता है। मन प्रफुल्लित होता है। धरती पर वर्षा की धाराएँ बहती हैं, मिट्टी के कण – कण से कोमल तृण उत्पन्न हो प्रसत्रता से झूमते हैं।

భావార్థం: వాన చినుకులు చిటపటమంటూ కురుస్తాయి. వాటి స్పర్శతో రోమాంచితమవుతుంది. మనస్సు పులకించి పోతుంది. భూమి మీద వర్షపు ధారలు ప్రవహిస్తాయి. మట్టిలోని అణువణువు నుండి కోమలమైన గడ్డిపోచలు మొలిచి సంతోషంతో ఊగుతాయి.

4. पकड़ वारि की धार झूलता है मेरा मन,
आओ रे सब मुझे घेर कर गाओ सावन।
इंद्रधनुष के इूले में इूलें मिल सब जन,
फिर-फिर आये जीवन में सावन मनभावन।

शब्दार्थ (శబ్దార్ధములు) Meanings :

भावार्थ : पानी की धारा देखकर कवि का मन झूलने लगता है। अर्थात् मन खुश होता है। सबको आमंत्रित करते हुए वे कहते हैं कि आप सभी लोग आइए। मुझे घेरकर सावन के गीत गाइए। हमारी कामना है कि इंद्रधनुष के झूले में हम सब झूलें। ऐसा मनभावन सावन हमारे जीवन में बार-बार आये। यही हमारी कामना है।

భావార్థం: వర్షపు నీటి !ప్రవాహం చూచి కవి మనస్సు ఆనందముతో నాట్యమాడుతుంది (ఉప్పొంగిపోతుంది). మీరందరూ రండి నా చుట్టూ చేరి (శావణ మాసపు పాటలు పాడండి – అని కవి అందరినీ ఆహ్వానిస్తున్నారు. ఇంద్ర ధనుస్సు ఊయలలో మనమందరము ఉగుదాము. మనస్సుకు నచ్చిన (శావణ మాసము మన జీవితములో మరల – మరల రావాలి. ఇదే మన కోరిక.

These TS 10th Class Social Bits with Answers 1st Lesson India: Relief Features will help students to enhance their time management skills.

TS 10th Class Social Bits 1st Lesson India: Relief Features

Question 1.
Find the one which Is wrongly matched. ()
A) Jarrrnu Hils- Jammu and Kashmir
B) Mishmi Hills – Arunachal Pradesh
C) Kochar – Assom
D) Patkai – LItter Pradesh
Answer:
D) Patkai – LItter Pradesh

Question 2.
Ooty s located In these mountains ……………………. .()
A) Mahadev Hills
B) Nilgwi
C) Aravali
D) Annamalai
Answer:
B) Nilgwi

Question 3.
Hill stations – Simla, Nainital, Mussorle are In …………………… .()
A) Greater Himalayas
B) Lesser Himalayas
C) Shivalils
D) Nilgins
Answer:
B) Lesser Himalayas

Question 4.
The desert located on the leeward side, of Aravalis, is …………………….. .( )
A) Sahara
B) Thar
C) Atakama
D) Sone
Answer:
B) Thar

Question 5.
Mahabharatha ranges are here.( )
A) Greater Himalayas
B) Lesser Himalayas
C) Outer Himalayas
D) Aravali Range
Answer:
B) Lesser Himalayas

Question 6.
Which is the correct one? ( )
A) Konkana coast – Andhra Pradesh
B) Malabar coast – Maharashtra
C) Coramandal – Tamil Nadu
D) Circar coast – Kerala
Answer:
C) Coramandal – Tamil Nadu

Question 7.
The area where gravel and pebble sediments deposited at foot hills of Himalayas is …………….. .( )
A) Bhabar
B) Terai
C) Black soil
D) Bhangar
Answer:
A) Bhabar

Question 8.
A special feature of Peninsular plateau. ( )
A) Red soil
B) Black soil
C) Alluvial soil
D) Latente soil
Answer:
B) Black soil

Question 9.
Indian standard Meridian is ( )
A) 821/2° Western Longitude
B) 821/2° Easten, longitude
C) 231/2° Western longitude
D) 231/2° Eastern IOngitude
Answer:
B) 821/2° Easten, longitude

Question 10.
Himadri is known as …………………….. .( )
A) Greater Himalayas
B) Lesser Himalayas
C) Shivaliks
D) Outer Himalayas
Answer:
A) Greater Himalayas

Question 11.
The Indian Standard Time is ………………….. to Greenwich Mean Time. ( )
A) 51/2 hours ahead
B) 51/2 hours back
C) 12 hours ahead
D) 5 hours back
Answer:
A) 51/2 hours ahead

Question 12.
The Malabar coast exists mostly in the state of …………………. .( )
A) Karnataka
B) Kerala
C) Tamil Nadu
D) Andhra Pradesh
Answer:
B) Kerala

Question 13.
The northern border of the Deccan Plateau is ………………………….. . ( )
A) Satpura Range
B) Mahadev Range
C) Kaimur Range
D) a portion of Maikal Range
Answer:
A) Satpura Range

Question 14.
The Eastern part of the Indo-Gangetic plain was formed mainly by this river.
A) Ganga
B) Brahmaputra
C) Indus
D) Yamuna
Answer:
B) Brahmaputra

Question 15.
Western Rajasthan has this type of climate ( )
A) Arid
B) Semi-arid
C) Mediterranean
D) Polar
Answer:
A) Arid

Question 16.
Which of the following is not a part of the Purvanchal mountains? ( )
A) Patkai hills
B) Annamalai hills
C) Naga hills
D) Mizo hills
Answer:
B) Annamalai hills

Question 17.
The coastal region touches Goa: ( )
A) Konkan Coast
B) Canara Coast
C) Utkal Coast
D) Malabar Coast
Answer:
A) Konkan Coast

Question 18.
These hills are not the part of Purvanchal ranges: ( )
A) Naga Hills
B) Patkai Hills
C) Manipur Hills
D) Annamalai Hills
Answer:
D) Annamalai Hills

Question 19.
FInd the odd one out. ( )
A) Kanchenjunga
B) Nanga Parbal
C) Namctabarwa
D) Anaimudi
Answer:
D) Anaimudi

Question 20.
………………………… islands of India are called Coral Islands. ( )
A) Lakshadweep
B) Andaman & Nicobar
C) Born A & B
D) None
Answer:
A) Lakshadweep

Question 21.
The longitudinal valleys lying between Lower Himalayas and Shiwaliks are known ……………….. . ()
A) Kangra valley
B) Palka Bum
C) Passes
D) Duns
Answer:
D) Duns

Question 22.
Lower Himalayas are also called …………………….. . ( )
A) Himadri
B) Himachal
C) Shiwahks
D) Purvanchal
Answer:
B) Himachal

Question 23.
A narrow gap In a mountain range providing access to the other side is ( )
A) Mound
B) Pass
C) Strait
D) Valley
Answer:
B) Pass

Question 24.
The largest delta In the world is ………………………… Delta. ( )
A) Ganga
B) Mahanadi
C) Sunderban
D) Godavari
Answer:
C) Sunderban

Question 25.
The highest peak In India is ( )
A) Mt. Everest
B) Kanchenjunga
C) Nanga Parbat
D) Nanda Devi
Answer:
B) Kanchenlunga

Question 26.
The only active volcano of India is found at ………………. . ( )
A) Maldives
B) Lakshadweep
C) Andaman & Nicobar
D) None
Answer:
C) Andaman & Nicobar

Question 27.
The wet and swampy belt of the northern region is known locally as ( )
A) Bhabar
B) Tarai
C) Doab
D) Bhangar
Answer:
B) Tarai

Question 28.
A landmass bounded by sea on three sides Is referred to as …………………… . ( )
A) Coast
B) Peninsula
C) Island
D) None
Answer:
B) Peninsula

Question 29.
Mountain ranges in the eastern part of India …………………………. . ( )
A) Himachal
B) Uttaranchal
C) Purvanchal
D) Aravali
Answer:
C) Purvanchal

Question 30.
The western coastal strip south of Goa is referred to as ……………………. . ( )
A) Coiarnandal
B) Konkan
C) Canara
D) Northern Circar
Answer:
B) Konkan

Question 31.
The highest peak in the Eastern ghats is ……………………….. . ( )
A) Anaimudi
B) K₂
C) Mahendragiri
D) Khasi
Answer:
C) Mahendragiri

Question 32.
The peninsular plateau of India belongs to ……………………….. . ( )
A) Angara land
B) Teillys sea
C) Eurasian plate
D) Gondwaria land
Answer:
D) Gondwaria land

Question 33.
The Indian desert has ……………………….. climate. ( )
A) And
B) Semi-arid
C) Both A & B
D) None
Answer:
A) And

Question 34.
Most of the Indus basin is located In ……………………….. . ( )
A) India
B) Pakistan
C) Afghanistan
D) China
Answer:
B) Pakistan

Question 35.
821/2°E longitude is the standard meridian for ………………………. . ( )
A) India
B) Nepal
C) Bangladesh
D) Afghanistan
Answer:
B) Nepal

Question 36.
The IST is ……………………. hours ahead of GMT. ( )
A) 1½
B) 5½
C) 6½
D) 8½
Answer:
A) 1½

Question 37.
World landforms originated from 2 giant lands namely Angara and …………………… . ( )
A) Brihspati
B) Chota Nagpur
C) Gondwana
D) None
Answer:
B) Chota Nagpur

Question 38.
The breaking off from the ………………………… corners of the peninsular plateau led to the formation of a large basin. ( )
A) northern
B) eastern
C) southern
D) southwestern
Answer:
C) southern

Question 39.
The peninsular plateau is one of the most land blocks on the earth’s surface. ( )
A) ancient
B) recent
C) modem
D) none
Answer:
A) ancient

Question 40.
The Himalayan ranges run in the west-east direction in the form of a fan ( )
A) circle
B) arc
C) angular
D) none
Answer:
A) circle

Question 41.
The northernmost range is known as ……………………… . ( )
A) Himachal
B) Shivaliks
C) Himadri
D) Trans region
Answer:
B) Shivaliks

Question 42.
Greater Himalayas are composed of ………………………. cover. ( )
A) Snow and ice
B) Dust and mud
C) Trees and grass
D) None
Answer:
C) Trees and grass

Question 43.
The portion of range found south of the Greater Himalayas is called ………………… Himalayas. ( )
A) Trans Himalayan Region
B) Lower Himalayas
C) Shiwaliks
D) None of these
Answer:
A) Trans Himalayan Region

Question 44.
The ……………………… and Mahabharata ranges form the important ranges in the Himalayan region. ( )
A) Pir Panjal
B) Karakoram
C) Shiwahks
D) None
Answer:
B) Karakoram

Question 45.
The ……………………. range of the Himalayas are the Shiwallks. ( )
A) Southern
B) Southernmost
C) Northernmost
D) Easternmost
Answer:
A) Southern

Question 46.
………………….. are the valleys between the Lower Himalayas and Shlwaiiks. ( )
A) Passes
B) Jammu & Kashmir
C) Duns
D) None
Answer:
B) Jammu & Kashmir

Question 47.
The easternmost boundary of the Himalayas is the ……………… valley. ( )
A) Brahmaputra
B) Ganges
C) Indus
D) None
Answer:
C) Indus

Question 48.
The ………………….. rivers have a perennial flow. ( )
A) Himalayan
B) Deccan
C) Narmada & Tapati
D) None
Answer:
A) Himalayan

Question 49.
The Doab features dominate the ……………………… between the two rivers. ( )
A) land
B) fertile land
C) wasteland
D) none
Answer:
A) land

Question 50.
The ……………………….. plain extends from the rivers Ghaggar to Teesta. ( )
A) Mahanadi
B) Godavari
C) Ganga
D) Sindhu
Answer:
B) Godavari

Question 51.
Chotanagpur plateau is rich in ……………………… resources. ( )
A) mineral
B) water
C) forest
D) none
Answer:
C) forest

Question 52.
The Deccan plateau is a …………………. landmass. ( )
A) Rectangular
B) Triangular
C) Square shaped
D) None
Answer:
A) Rectangular

Question 53.
The …………………….. lie parallel to the west coast ( )
A) Western ghats
B) Eastern ghats
C) Nilgiris
D) None
Answer:
B) Eastern ghats

Question 54.
Near ……………………. the Nilgiris join the western ghats. ( )
A) Trichi
B) Gudalur
C) Kanyakumari
D) None
Answer:
A) Trichi

Question 55.
The deltas are ……………………….. developed. ( )
A) traditionally
B) culturally
C) agriculturally
D) none
Answer:
B) culturally

Question 56.
Ooty is located in …………………….. . ( )
A) Nilgris
B) Seshachalam hills
C) Himalayas
D) None
Answer:
C) Himalayas

Question 57.
Andaman and Nicobar islands are stretched in ( )
A) Arabian sea
B) Bay of Bengal
C) Indian ocean
D) None
Answer:
A) Arabian sea

Question 58.
……………………… Islands stretch in the Arabian sea. ( )
A) Lakshadweep
B) Andaman & Nicobar
C) Philippinean
D) Indonesian
Answer:
B) Andaman & Nicobar

Question 59.
The water body between the three continents North America, South America, and Africa is ( )
A) Atlantic Ocean
B) Pacfrfic Ocean
C) Indian Ocean
D) Bay of Bengal
Answer:
A) Atlantic Ocean

Question 60.
Nepal is to the ………………………… of India. ( )
A) South
B) North
C) East
D) West
Answer:
A) South

Question 61.
The Indian state between Nepal and Bhutan Is ( )
A) Uttar Pradesh
B) Madhya Pradesh
C) Sikkirn
D) Manipur
Answer:
B) Madhya Pradesh

Question 62.
The river that flows between the Mahanadl and the Krishna is the ………………………. . ( )
A) Ganga
B) Kaveri
C) Penna
D) Godavari
Answer:
C) Penna

Question 63.
The easternmost state of India is ( )
A) Arunachal Pradesh
B) Mizoram
C) Nagaland
D) Assom
Answer:
D) Assom

Question 64.
India lies totally in ( )
A) Northern hemisphere
B) Southern hemisphere
C) Eastern hemisphere
D) Western hemisphere
Answer:
A) Northern hemisphere

Question 65.
Indira Point is the endpoint in ( )
A) Thar Desert
B) Lakshadweep
C) Andaman Islands
D) Nicobar Islands
Answer:
A) Thar Desert

Question 66.
North to South, India covers a distance of ( )
A) 3,214km
B) 972km
C) 2,933km
D)13,200km
Answer:
D)13,200km

Question 67.
Patkai hills are the part of ( )
A) Shiwaliks
B) Himadri
C) Himachal
D) Purvanchal
Answer:
A) Shiwaliks

Question 68.
The only river present In desert region ()
A) Sony
B) Luni
C) Lava
D) Son
Answer:
D) Son

Question 69.
India has a total land frontier of ( )
A) 14200 kms
B) 15200 kms
C) 16,200 kms
D) 77,200 kms
Answer:
B) 15200 kms

Question 70.
These Islands are of coral origin. ( )
A) Nicobar
B) Andaman
C) Lakshadweep
D) Narcondam
Answer:
B) Andaman

Question 71.
The state where the sun rises last ( )
A) Arunachal Pradesh
B) Andhra Pradesh
C) Gujarat
D) Madhya Pradesh
Answer:
C) Gujarat

Question 72.
The mountain ranges that are called Sahayadri are ( )
A) Vindya mountains
B) Satpura mountains
C) Aravali’s
D) Western Ghats
Answer:
C) Aravali’s

Question 73.
The coastal plain of Andhra Pradesh is known as ( )
A) UtkaI coast
B) Circar coast
C) Coromandel coast
D) Malabar coast
Answer:
D) Malabar coast

Question 74.
The Pullcat lake is In between the states of ( )
A) Andhra Pradesh – Tamil Nadu
B) Tamil Nadu – Kerala
C) Andhra Pradesh – Odisha
D) Odisha – West Bengal
Answer:
B) Tamil Nadu – Kerala

Question 75.
The mountain ranges that separate North India from South India ( )
A) Aravah mountains
B) Vindhya – Satpura ranges
C) Nilagiri’s
D) Himalayas
Answer:
A) Aravah mountains

Question 76.
The world-famous pilgrim center Tirumala Is located In …………… hills. ( )
A) Nallamala hills
B) Velikondas
C) Palakondas
D) Seshachalam hills
Answer:
B) Velikondas

Question 77.
The difference between the Greenwich Mean Time and the Indian Standard Time Is ………………………… . ()
A) + 5.30 minutes
B) -5.30 minutes
C) + 4.30 minutes
D) -4.30 minutes
Answer:
D) -4.30 minutes

Question 78.
The line which passes through India Is given below. ( )
A) Tropic of Capricorn
B) Tropic of Cancer
C) Subtropical line
D) Equator
Answer:
A) Tropic of Capricorn

Question 79.
The mountains which are NOT related to the peninsular plateau are ……………… ( )
A) Aravalls
B) Sahyadris
C) Nilris
D) Eastern Ghats
Answer:
B) Sahyadris

Question 80.
The state which does NOT have a common border with Telangana is ………………… . ( )
A) Telangana
B) Tamil Nadu
C) Maharashtra
D) Karnataka
Answer:
A) Telangana

Question 81.
The Islands of Narkondam and Barren are part of the ……………………. Islands. ( )
A) Andaman
B) Nicobar
C) Lakshadweep
D) Andaman & Nicobar
Answer:
B) Nicobar

Question 82.
Cardamom Hills are the part of ……………………….. Ghats. ( )
A) Purvanctial Mountains
B) The Himalayas
C) Eastern Ghats
D) Western Ghats
Answer:
D) Western Ghats

Question 83.
The geographical area of Lakshadweep is …………………. sq. km. ( )
A) 30 sq. km
B) 32 sq. km
C) 40 sq. km
D) 42 sq. km
Answer:
D) 42 sq. km

Question 84.
…………………….. Is the only river in the desert land of Thar in Rajasthan. ( )
A) River Mahi
B) River Luni
C) River Bhani
D) River Tapati
Answer:
B) River Luni

Question 85.
Mishmi hills are located in …………………………….. . ( )
A) Jammu & Kashmir
B) Assam
C) Arunachal Pradesh
D) Meghalaya
Answer:
B) Assam

Question 86.
The latitude that passes through India is ……………………….. . ( )
A) Equator
B) Tropic of Cancer
C) Tropic of Capricorn
D) All the above
Answer:
C) Tropic of Capricorn

Question 87.
The following longitude is the standard meridian for India. ( )
A) 82° 30′ Eastern longitude
B) 98° 27′ Eastern longitude
C) 92° 30′ Eastern longitude
D) 72° 30′ Eastern longitude
Answer:
B) 98° 27′ Eastern longitude

Question 88.
The highest peak in Annamalai hills is ………………………. . ( )
A) Anaemudi
B) Dodabetta
C) Gurusikhar
D) Aroya Konda
Answer:
A) Anaemudi

Question 89.
Which one of the following latitudes do not pass through India? ( )
A) 5° N
B) 12° N
C) 30° N
D) 35° N
Answer:
A) 5° N

Question 90.
‘Circar coast is in ……………………. . ( )
A) Odisha
B) Andhra Pradesh
C) Tamil Nadu
D) Kerala
Answer:
B) Andhra Pradesh

Question 91.
Which one is NOT the part of Eastern ghats? ( )
A) Velikondas
B) Palakondas
C) Sestiachalam
D) Palani hills
Answer:
D) Palani hills

TS 10th Class Social Important Bits | TS 10th Class Social Bit Bank

• 1st Lesson India: Relief Features Bits
• 2nd Lesson Ideas of Development Bits
• 3rd Lesson Production and Employment Bits
• 4th Lesson Climate of India Bits
• 5th Lesson Indian Rivers and Water Resources Bits
• 6th Lesson The Population Bits
• 7th Lesson Settlements – Migration Bits
• 8th Lesson Rampur: A Village Economy Bits
• 9th Lesson Globalisation Bits
• 10th Lesson Food Security Bits
• 11th Lesson Sustainable Development with Equity Bits
• 12th Lesson The World Between the World Wars Bits
• 13th Lesson National Liberation Movements in the Colonies Bits
• 14th Lesson National Movement in India–Partition & Independence: 1939-1947 Bits
• 15th Lesson The Making of Independent India’s Constitution Bits
• 16th Lesson Election Process in India Bits
• 17th Lesson Independent India (The First 30 years – 1947-77) Bits
• 18th Lesson Emerging Political Trends 1977 to 2000 Bits
• 19th Lesson Post-War World and India Bits
• 20th Lesson Social Movements in Our Times Bits
• 21st Lesson The Movement for the Formation of Telangana State Bits

TS 10th Class Study Material

TS 10th Class Biology Important Bits | TS 10th Class Biology Bit Bank

• 1st Lesson Nutrition Bits
• 2nd Lesson Respiration Bits
• 3rd Lesson Transportation Bits
• 4th Lesson Excretion Bits
• 5th Lesson Coordination Bits
• 6th Lesson Reproduction Bits
• 7th Lesson Coordination in Life Processes Bits
• 8th Lesson Heredity and Evolution Bits
• 9th Lesson Our Environment Bits
• 10th Lesson Natural Resources Bits

TS 10th Class Study Material

TS 10th Class Hindi Study Material Telangana Pdf Download | 10th Class Hindi Guide Pdf 2023 Telangana

TS 10th Class First Language Hindi Study Material Pdf Telangana | 10th Class Hindi Study Material Pdf TS

• 1st Lesson बरसते बादल (कविता)
• 2nd Lesson ईदगाह (कहानी)
• यह रास्ता कहाँ जाता है? (पठन हेतु नाटक)
• 3rd Lesson माँ मुझे आने दे! (कविता)
• ★ शांति की राह में (उपवाचक – निबंध)
• 4th Lesson कण-कण का अधिकारी (कविता)
• 5th Lesson लोकगीत (निबंध)
• उलझन (पठन हेतु कविता)
• 6th Lesson अंतर्राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर हिंदी (पत्र)
• ★ हम सब एक (उपवाचक – निबंध)
• 7th Lesson भक्ति पद (कविता)
• 8th Lesson स्वराज्य की नींव (एकांकी)
• हम भारतवासी (पठन हेतु कविता)
• 9th Lesson दक्षिणी गंगा गोदावरी (यात्रा-वृत्तांत)
• ★ अपने स्कूल को एक उपहार (उपवाचक – कहानी)
• 10th Lesson नीति दोहे (कविता)
• 11th Lesson जल ही जीवन है (कहानी)
• क्या आपको पता है? (पठन हेतु पी.पी.टी. निबंध)
• 12th Lesson धरती के सवाल अंतरिक्ष के जवाब (साक्षात्कार)
• ★ अनोखा उपाय (उपवाचक – अनूदित कहानी)

TS 10th Class Hindi Grammar

• अपठित गद्यांश
• अपठित पद्यांश

रचना

• निबंध-लेखन
• पत्र-लेखन
• वर्णन, साक्षात्कार, पोस्टर, संवाद, करपत्र
• शब्दकोश

TS 10th Class Study Material