These AP 10th Class English Important Questions 9th Lesson will help students prepare well for the exams.
AP Board 10th Class English 9th Lesson Important Questions and Answers
Study Skills
I. Read the pie chart carefully.
Now, answer the following questions.
1) What percentage of readers prefer Mystery books?
Answer:
35%
2) How many readers favour Romance books?
Answer:
20%
3) What is the percentage of readers who prefer Science Fiction books? (A)
A) 15%
B) 25%
C) 10%
Answer:
A) 15%
4) If there are 400 readers in total, how many readers prefer Fantasy books? (A)
A) 100
B) 75
C) 150
Answer:
A) 100
5) What proportion of readers favour Historical Fiction books? (A)
A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 15%
Answer:
A) 5%
II. Read the bar chart carefully.
Now, answer the following questions.
1) How many students passed the Math subject?
Answer:
25 students
2) What is the total number of students who passed all subjects?
Answer:
100 students (25 + 30 + 20 + 15 + 10)
3) In which subject did the fewest students pass? (C)
A) Science
B) English
C) Geography
Answer:
C) Geography
4) How many more students passed Science than Geography? (B)
A) 15
B) 20
C) 25
Answer:
B) 20
5) How many students passed either English or History? (B)
A) 30
B) 35
C) 40
Answer:
B) 35
III. Study the following table carefully.
Now, answer the following questions.
1) What is the total sales of Product A in all regions combined?
Answer:
450
2) In which region did Product B have the highest sales?
Answer:
North
3) Which product had the lowest sales overall? (B)
A) Product A
B) Product B
C) Product C
Answer:
B) Product B
4) What is the total sales in the South region? (A)
A) 310
B) 320
C) 330
Answer:
A) 310
5) What is the average sales per product in the East region? (C)
A) 90
B) 110
C) 116.7
Answer:
C) 116.7
IV. Read the pie chart carefully.
Now, answer the following questions.
1) What percentage of friends prefer Pepperoni as their pizza topping?
Answer:
40%
2) How many friends prefer Hawaiian pizza?
Answer:
10%
3) What is the percentage of friends who prefer Margherita pizza? (A)
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 15%
Answer:
A) 20%
4) If there are 50 friends in total, how many friends prefer Vegetarian pizza? (A)
A) 7
B) 8
C) 10
Answer:
A) 7
5) What proportion of Triends prefer Meat Feast pizza? (A)
A) 15%
B) 10%
C) 20%
Answer:
A) 15%
Section – B
Grammar & Vocabulary
Combining Sentences Using who/which/that, etc.
Exercise – 1
1. The actor won an Oscar. He starred in the latest blockbuster. (Combine the sentences using ‘who’)
Answer:
The actor who starred in the latest blockbuster won an Oscar.
2. The nurse works at the hospital. She saved a patient’s life yesterday. (Combine the sentences using ‘who’)
Answer:
The nurse who saved a patient’s life yesterday works at the hospital.
3. My cousin is a professional athlete. He competes in international tournaments. (Combine the sentences using who’)
Answer:
My cousin, who competes in international tournaments, is a professional athlete.
4. The restaurant serves Italian cuisine. It is located downtown. (Combine the sentences using ‘which’)
Answer:
The restaurant, which is located downtown, serves Italian cuisine.
5. The laptop has a touchscreen display. It was released last year. (Combine the sentences using ‘that’)
Answer:
The laptop that was released last year has a touchscreen display.
6. The weather forecast predicts rain. We should bring umbrellas. (Combine the sentences using ‘that’)
Answer:
The weather forecast that predicts rain suggests we should bring umbrellas.
7. The professor gave a lecture. I attended it yesterday. (Combine the sentences using ‘whose’)
Answer:
The professor whose lecture I attended yesterday gave a lecture.
8. I met a journalist. I admire her investigative reporting. (Combine the sentences using ‘whom’)
Answer:
I met a journalist whom I admire for her investigative reporting.
9. We hired a gardener. I recommended him for the job. (Combine the sentences using ‘whom’)
Answer:
We hired a gardener whom I recommended for the job.
10. She introduced me to her brother. I have heard great things about him. (Combine the sentences using ‘whom’)
Answer:
She introduced me to her brother whom I have heard great things about.
Exercise – 2
1. The volunteer helps at the shelter. She walks the dogs every evening. (Combine the sentences using ‘who’)
Answer:
The volunteer who walks the dogs every evening helps at the shelter.
2. The journalist reported on the political scandal. She works for a major newspaper. (Combine the sentences using ‘who’)
Answer:
The journalist who works for a major newspaper reported on the political scandal.
3. I visited a city. It is known for its historic landmarks. (Combine the sentences using ‘that’)
Answer:
I visited a city that is known for its historic landmarks.
4. They change animal skins into leather. It is called tanning. (Combine the sentences using ‘which’)
Answer:
They change animal skins into leather which is called tanning.
5. The movie has an intriguing plot. It kept me on the edge of my seat. (Combine the sentences using ‘that’)
Answer:
The movie that kept me on the edge of my seat has an intriguing plot.
6. Sudheer read a newspaper article. It was inspirational to him. (Combine the sentences using ‘which’)
Answer:
Sudheer read a newspaper article which was inspirational to him.
7. The dog barks loudly. It annoys the neighbours. (Combine the sentences using ‘that’)
Answer:
The dog that annoys the neighbours barks loudly.
8. The phone rang in the middle of the night. It woke me up. (Combine the sentences using ‘that’)
Answer:
The phone that woke me up rang in the middle of the night.
9. Alekhya is a precocious girl. She is very sharp. (Combine the sentences using ‘who’)
Answer:
Alekhya, who is very sharp, is a precocious girl.
10. I have a friend. I trust her with my deepest secrets. (Combine the sentences using ‘whom’)
Answer:
I have a friend whom I trust with my deepest secrets.
Voice
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice.
Exercise – 1
1. The children built a sandcastle on the beach.
Answer:
A sandcastle was built on the beach by the children.
2. The company launched a new advertising campaign.
Answer:
A new advertising campaign was launched by the company.
3. Sarah watered the plants in the garden.
Answer:
The plants in the garden were watered by Sarah.
4. The chef cooked a gourmet meal for the guests.
Answer:
A gourmet meal for the guests was cooked by the chef.
5. The teacher graded the students assignments.
Answer:
The students assignments were graded by the teacher.
6. John fixed the broken bicycle in the garage.
Answer:
The broken bicycle in the garage was fixed by John.
7. The volunteers cleaned up the litter in the park.
Answer:
The litter in the park was cleaned up by the volunteers.
8. The mechanic repaired the engine of the car.
Answer:
The engine of the car was repaired by the mechanic.
9. The artist painted a beautiful portrait of his wife.
Answer:
A beautiful portrait of his wife was painted by the artist.
10. The doctor treated the patient’s illness with antibiotics.
Answer:
The patient’s illness was treated with antibiotics by the doctor.
Exercise – 2
1. They marketed our products.
Answer:
Our products were marketed (by them).
2. They declared emergency.
Answer:
Emergency was declared.
3. The teacher asked me to go and sit on the back bench.
Answer:
I was asked by the teacher to go and sit on the back bench.
4. Who wrote the Ramayana?
Answer:
By whom was the Ramayana written?
5. I know her.
Answer:
She is known to me.
6. Someone has stolen my pen.
Answer:
My pen has been stolen.
7. The police have arrested the terrorist.
Answer:
The terrorist has been arrested.
8. She is writing an examination.
Answer:
An examination is being written by her.
9. Sheela can sing songs.
Answer:
Songs can be sung by Sheela.
10. Close the door.
Answer:
Let the door be closed.
Combining the Sentences Using Linkers
Exercise – 1
1. She forgot her keys. She couldn’t enter the house. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
She couldn’t enter the house because she forgot her keys.
2. He was very tired. He fell asleep during the movie. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
He fell asleep during the movie because he was very tired.
3. The children were noisy. I couldn’t concentrate on my work. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
I couldn’t concentrate on my work because the children were noisy.
4. The restaurant was full. We had to wait for a table. (Combine the sentences using ‘since’)
Answer:
We had to wait for a table since the restaurant was full.
5. He had never worn shoes. His feet developed cracks. (Combine the sentences using ‘since’)
Answer:
His feet developed cracks since he had never worn shoes.
6. She was nervous. She had to give a presentation. (Combine the sentences using ‘although’)
Answer:
She had to give a presentation although she was nervous.
7. The students were attentive. The teacher was pleased. (Combine the sentences using ‘as’)
Answer:
The teacher was pleased as the students were attentive.
8. He was late. He missed the beginning of the concert. (Combine the sentences using ‘becaqse’)
Answer:
He missed the beginning of the concert because he was late.
9. The road was icy. The car skidded off the road. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
The car skidded off the road because the road was icy.
10. She was busy. She forgot to reply to his message. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
She forgot to reply to his message because she was busy.
Exercise – 2
1. She was hungry. She ate a sandwich. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
She ate a sandwich because she was hungry.
2. The weather was cold. They decided to stay indoors. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
They decided to stay indoors because the weather was cold.
3. He missed the train. He arrived late for work. (Combine the sentences using ‘since’)
Answer:
He arrived late for work since he missed the train.
4. The music was loud. They couldn’t hear each other. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
They couldn’t hear each other because the music was loud.
5. The room was small. They managed to fit all the furniture. (Combine the sentences using ‘although’)
Answer:
They managed to fit all the furniture although the room was small.
6. He was ill. He went to the doctor. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
He went to the doctor because he was ill.
7. The movie was boring. They left before it finished. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
They left before the movie finished because it was boring.
8. She was excited. She couldn’t sit still. (Combine the sentences using ‘because’)
Answer:
She couldn’t sit still because she was excited.
9. The traffic was heavy. He arrived late for the meeting. (Combine the sentences using ‘when’)
Answer:
He arrived late for the meeting when the traffic was heavy.
10. The cat was playful. It chased its tail around the house. (Combine the sentences using ‘as’)
Answer:
The cat chased its tail around the house as it was playful.
Suitable Prepositions
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions given in the brackets.
Exercise – 1
1. The project was delayed the unexpected weather conditions. (in front of/ because of/ according to)
2. the schedule, the meeting will start at 9:00 AM sharp. (In addition to / According to / For the sake of)
3. She made the reservation her family members. (on behalf of / due to / by means of)
4. his age, he managed to complete the marathon. (In front of/ In spite of/ For the sake of)
5. The team succeeded their hard work and dedication. (in front of/ because of/ for the sake of)
6. The conference was attended by delegates from many countries the world. (due to / in addition to / according to)
7. He apologized the inconvenience caused. (in front of/ due to / for the sake of)
8. She was awarded the scholarship her academic achievements. (in addition to / on behalf of / because of)
9. the instructions, please submit your application by the deadline. (According to / Because of/ In front of)
10. The project was completed successfully the team’s collaborative efforts. (in front of/ by means of/ because of)
Answer:
1. because of
2 According to
3. on behalf of
4. In spite of
5. because of
6. in addition to
7. due to
8. because of
9. According to
10. because of
Exercise – 2
1. The ball landed the roof. (in / on / at)
2. They went for aj walk the beach. (in / on / at)
3. The cookies are the jar. (in / on / at)
4. The cat is the box. (in /on / at)
5. We arrived the airport. (in /on /at)
6. The painting is the easel. (in / on / at)
7. The spider spun its web the corner. (in /on /at)
8. The keys were left the counter. (in / on / at)
9. She sat the edge of the bed. (in / on / at)
10. The boat sailed the river. (in / on / at)
Answer:
1. on
2. on
3. in
4. in
5. at
6. on
7. in
8. on
9. on
10. on
Suitable Forms of the Verbs
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences using correct form of the verb given in brackets.
Exercise – 1
1. By the time I arrived, they ____ (finish) their lunch.
2. She ____ (work) as a teacher for ten years before she retired.
3. They ____ (not/go) to the cinema last night because they had already seen the movie.
4. By next year, I ____ (save) enough money to buy a new car.
5. He ____ (live) in London for five years before he moved to Paris.
6. When ____ I was a child, I ____ (dream) of becoming a pilot.
7. She ____ (cook) dinner when the guests arrived.
8. By the time they arrive, I ____ (clean) the house.
9. They ____ (travel) to Japan twice in the past.
10. I ____ (not/see) that movie yet.
Answer:
1. had finished
2. had worked
3. did not go
4. will have saved
5. had lived
6. used to dream
7. was cooking
8. will have cleaned
9. travelled
10. have not seen
Exercise – 2
1. The team ____ (is/are) planning a strategy for the game.
2. One of the students ____ (has/have) forgotten to submit the assignment.
3. The pile of books on the table ____ (needs/need) to be organized.
4. Mathematics ____ (is/are) his favorite subject.
5. The news about the accident ____ (is/are) disturbing.
6. The committee members _____ (has/have) decided on the new policy.
7. A pair of shoes ____ (was/were) left in the hallway.
8. The herd of elephants ____ (was/were) grazing in the field.
9. The majority of the students ____ (prefer/prefers) to study in groups.
10. Each of the apples ____ (is/are) ripe.
Answer:
1. is
2. has
3. needs
4. is
5. is
6. have
7. was
8. were
9. prefer
10. is
Giving a Suitable Advise or Suggestion
Exercise – 1
1. Your classmate is having difficulty concentrating during study sessions. Advise him / her to find a quiet and distraction-free environment, take regular breaks, and practice mindfulness or meditation techniques.
Answer:
Finding a quiet and distraction-free environment, taking regular breaks, and practicing mindfulness or meditation techniques can help improve concentration during study sessions.
2. Your coworker is struggling to handle conflicts with colleagues. Advise him / her to listen actively, communicate assertively, and seek common ground for resolution.
Answer:
Listening actively, communicating assertively, and seeking common ground for resolution can help handle conflicts with colleagues more effectively.
3. Your neighbour is experiencing frequent headaches and fatigue. Advise him / her to .stay hydrated, practice good posture, and consider seeking medical advice if symptoms persist.
Answer:
Staying hydrated, practicing good posture, and considering seeking medical advice if symptoms persist can help alleviate headaches and fatigue.
4. Your friend wants to become more environmentally conscious but doesn’t know where to start. Advise him / her to reduce, reuse, and recycle, conserve energy, and educate themselves on sustainable practices.
Answer:
Reducing, reusing, and recycling, conserving energy, and educating yourself on sustainable practices can help you become more environmentally conscious.
5. Your sibling is struggling to find motivation for regular exercise. Advise him / her to choose activities they enjoy, set achievable goals, and find an exercise buddy for accountability.
Answer:
Choosing activities you enjoy, setting achievable goals, and finding an exercise buddy for accountability can help you find motivation for regular exercise.
6. Your teammate wants to improve their leadership skills. Advise him / her to lead by example, communicate effectively, and seek feedback from team members.
Answer:
Leading by example, communicating effectively, and seeking feedback from team members can help you improve your leadership skills.
7. Your roommate is having trouble sticking to a healthy diet. Advise him / her to plan meals ahead, keep healthy snacks readily available, and practice mindful eating habits.
Answer:
Planning meals ahead, keeping healthy snacks readily available, and practicing mindful eating habits can help you stick to a healthy diet.
8. Your colleague is struggling with public speaking anxiety. Advise him / her to practice relaxation techniques, visualize success, and start with smaller speaking engagements to build confidence.
Answer:
Practicing relaxation techniques, visualizing success, and starting with smaller speaking engagements can help alleviate public speaking anxiety.
9. Your family member wants to improve their financial literacy. Advise him / her to educate themselves on budgeting, saving, and investing, and seek advice from financial professionals if needed.
Answer:
Educating yourself on budgeting, saving, and investing, and seeking advice from financial professionals can help improve your financial literacy.
10. Your friend is feeling overwhelmed by social media pressure. Advise him / her to limit screen time, curate their social media feeds, and prioritize real-life connections and activities.
Answer:
Limiting screen time, curating social media feeds, and prioritizing real-life connections and activities can help alleviate social media pressure.
Exercise – 2
1. Your classmate is struggling to stay focused while studying. Advise him / her to eliminate distractions, break study sessions into shorter intervals, and practice active learning techniques.
Answer:
Eliminating distractions, breaking study sessions into shorter intervals, and practicing active learning techniques can help improve focus while studying.
2. Your coworker is feeling overwhelmed with work deadlines. Advise him / her to prioritize tasks, delegate when possible, and communicate with their supervisor about workload concerns.
Answer:
Prioritizing tasks, delegating when possible, and communicating with your supervisor about workload concerns can help alleviate feeling overwhelmed with work deadlines.
3. Your neighbour is having difficulty coping with loss. Advise him / her to seek support from friends and family, consider joining a support group, and allow themselves time to grieve.
Answer:
Seeking support from friends and family, considering joining a support group, and allowing yourself time to grieve can help cope with loss.
4. Your friend wants to improve their time management skills. Advise him / her to use a planner or digital calendar, set realistic goals, and practice saying no to non-essential tasks.
Answer:
Using a planner or digital calendar, setting realistic goals, and practicing saying no to non-essential tasks can help improve time management skills.
5. Your sibling is struggling to find a job after graduation. Advise him / her to network with professionals in their field, tailor their resume to each job application, and consider seeking internships or volunteer opportunities for experience.
Answer:
Networking with professionals, tailoring their resume, and considering internships or volunteer opportunities can help you find a job.
6. Your teammate is experiencing writer’s block while working on a project. Advise him / her to take a break and engage in a different creative activity, brainstorm ideas with a colleague, and consider changing their environment for inspiration.
Answer:
Taking a break and engaging in a different creative activity, brainstorming ideas with a colleague, and changing their environment for inspiration can help overcome writer’s block.
7. Your roommate is feeling stressed about managing finances. Advise him / her to create a budget, track expenses, and explore ways to increase income or reduce spending.
Answer:
Creating a budget, tracking expenses, and exploring ways to increase income or reduce spending can help manage finances more effectively.
8. Your colleague is struggling to maintain a work-life balance. Advise him / her to set boundaries between work and personal life, schedule leisure activities, and prioritize self-care.
Answer:
Setting boundaries, scheduling leisure activities, and prioritizing self-care can help maintain a healthy work-life balance.
9. Your family member is experiencing difficulty sleeping at night. Advise him / her to establish a bedtime routine, create a comfortable sleep environment, and limit screen time before bed.
Answer:
Establishing a bedtime routine, creating a comfortable sleep environment, and limiting screen time before bed can help Improve sleep quality.
10. Your friend is feeling anxious about an upcoming presentation. Advise him / her to practice relaxation techniques, visualize success, and focus on the content rather than perfection.
Answer:
Practicing relaxation techniques, visualizing success, and focusing on the content can help alleviate anxiety about an upcoming presentation.
Changing a Sentence into a Polite Request
Change the following sentence into a polite request.
Exercise – 1
1. You to your friend: “Lend me your umbrella.”
Answer:
Would you mind lending me your umbrella?
2. You to your coworker: “Email me the presentation slides.”
Answer:
Could you please email me the presentation slides?
3. You to your sibling: “Set the table for dinner.”
Answer:
Could you please set the table for dinner?
4. You to your neighbour: “Return my lawnmower when you’re done.”
Answer:
Would you mind returning my lawnmower when you’re done?
5. You to your classmate: “Share your class notes with me.”
Answer:
Could you please share your class notes with me?
6. You to your roommate: “Take out the trash.”
Answer:
Could you please take out the trash?
7. You to your partner: “Make reservations for dinner tonight.”
Answer:
Would you mind making reservations for dinner tonight?
8. You to your teacher: “Review my essay and provide feedback.”
Answer:
Would you mind reviewing my essay and providing feedback?
9. You to your boss: “Consider me for the leadership training programme.”
Answer:
Would you mind considering me for the leadership training programme?
10. You to your parents: “Pick me up from practice.”
Answer:
Could you please pick me up from practice?
Exercise – 2
1. You to your friend: “Lend me your textbook.”
Answer:
Would you mind lending me your textbook?
2. You to your coworker: “Print this document for me.”
Answer:
Could you please print this document for me?
3. You to your sibling: “Pick up some milk on your way home.”
Answer:
Could you please pick up some milk on your way home?
4. You to your neighbour: “Keep your dog from barking late at night.”
Answer:
Would you mind keeping your dog from barking late at night?
5. You to your classmate: “Explain this math problem to me.”
Answer:
Would you mind explaining this math problem to me?
6. You to your roommate: “Turn down the volume on the TV.”
Answer:
Would you mind turning down the volume on the TV?
7. You to your partner: “Make reservations for our anniversary dinner.”
Answer:
Would you mind making reservations for our anniversary dinner?
8. You to your teacher: “Extend the deadline for the assignment.”
Answer:
Could you please extend the deadline for the assignment?
9. You to your boss: “Provide me with more training opportunities.”
Answer:
Would you mind providing me with more training opportunities?
10. You to your parent: “Drop me off at the bus station.”
Answer:
Could you please drop me off at the bus station?
Identifying the Expression
What do the following sentences mean? Put a tick (✓) mark against the right answer.
Exercise – 1
1. i) Could you please lend me a hand with this heavy box?
A) Requesting help (✓)
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Seeking permission ( )
D) Seeking advice ( )
ii) I apologize for the inconvenience caused by the delay.
A) Apologizing (✓)
B) Offering help ( )
C) Requesting ( )
D) Complimenting ( )
2. i) m not sure which movie to watch tonight. Any recommendations?
A) Offering help ( )
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Seeking permission ( )
D) Seeking advice (✓)
ii) Could you please pass me the menu?
A) Apologizing ( )
B) Requesting (✓)
C) Ordering ( )
D) Thanking ( )
3. i) I’m having trouble figuring out how to solve this math problem. Can you help me?
A) Offering help (✓)
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Seeking permission ( )
D) Seeking help ( )
ii) I’m sorry, but I cannot accompany you to the party tonight.
A) Apologizing ( )
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Declining invitation (✓)
D) Seeking advice ( )
4. i) Do you mind if I sit here?
A) Offering help ( )
B) Refusing permission ( )
C) Seeking permlission (✓)
D) Offering help ( )
ii) Please remember to water the plants while I’m away.
A) Apologizing ( )
B) Requesting (✓)
C) Ordering ( )
D) Refusing permission ( )
5. i) I’m not sure if I should buy this dress or not. What do you think?
A) Offering help ( )
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Seeking permission ( )
D) Seeking advice (✓)
ii) I’m sorry if my remarks came across as insensitive.
A) Apologizing (✓)
B) Refusing permission ( )
C) Thanking ( )
D) Declining invitation ( )
Exercise – 2
1. i) If you need assistance with your homework, just let me know.
A) Offering help (✓)
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Seeking permission ( )
D) Seeking advice ( )
ii) You must wear your seatbelt while driving.
A) Apologizing ( )
B) Refusing permission ( )
C) Requesting ( )
D) Ordering (✓)
2. i) I’m having a hard time making a decision. Can you offer any guidance?
A) Offering help ( )
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Seeking permission ( )
D) Seeking advice (✓)
ii) I’m sorry, but I won’t be able to lend you my car this weekend.
A) Apologizing ( )
B) Offering help ( )
C) Declining invitation ( )
D) Refusing permission (✓)
3. i) No, thank you. I can manage by myself.
A) Offering help ( )
B) Refusing help (✓)
C) Seeking permission ( )
D) Seeking advice ( )
ii) Would you mind helping me with this heavy box?
A) Apologizing ( )
B) Requesting (✓)
C) Complimenting ( )
D) Ordering ( )
4. i) Is it alright if I leave early today?
A) Offering help ( )
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Seeking permission (✓)
D) Seeking advice ( )
ii) I’m really sorry, but I cannot join you for lunch today.
A) Apologizing ( )
B) Offering help ( )
C) Declining invitation (✓)
D) Ordering ( )
5. i) Let me know if you need any assistance with the project.
A) Offering help (✓)
B) Refusing help ( )
C) Seeking permission ( )
D) Seeking advice ( )
ii) Please ensure that you complete the report by tomorrow morning.
A) Apologizing ( )
B) Requesting (✓)
C) Refusing permission ( )
D) Ordering ( )
Synonyms
Read the paragraph and write the Synonyms of the underlined words choosing the , words given in the box.
1. [agreement, calculated, shaking, insane, piled, heartbeats]
LOMOV : [greatly moved] Honoured Stepan Stepanovitch, do you think I may count on her consent (a)?
CHUBUKOV : Why, of course, my darling, and… as if she won’t consent! She’s in love; egad, she’s like a lovesick cat, and so on. Shan’t be long! [Exit.]
LOMOV : It’s cold… I’m trembling (b) all over, just as if I’d got an examination before me. The great thing is, I must have my mind made up. If I give myself time to think, to hesitate, to talk a lot, to look for an ideal, or for real love, then I’ll never get married. Brr… It’s cold! Natalya Stepanovna is an excellent housekeeper, not bad-looking, well-educated. What more do I want? But I’m getting a noise in my ears from excitement. [Drinks] And it’s impossible for me not to marry. In the first place, I’m already 35 – a critical age, so to speak. In the second place, I ought to lead a quiet and regular life. I suffer from palpitations (c), I’m excitable and always getting awfully upset; at this very moment my lips are trembling, and there’s a twitch in my right eyebrow. But the very worst of all is the way I sleep. I no sooner get into bed and begin to go off, when suddenly something in my left side gives a pull, and I can feel it in my shoulder and head… I jump up like a lunatic (d), walk about a bit and lie down again, but as soon as I begin to get off to sleep there’s another pull! And this may happen twenty times… [Natalya Stepanovna comes in.]
Answer:
(a) agreement
(b) shaking
(c) heartbeats
(d)insane
2. [stuck, farmers, disposition, swamp, eEternity, press]
LOMOV : How? I’m speaking of those Oxen Meadows which are wedged (a) in between vour birchwoods and the Burnt Marsh (b).
NATALYA : Yes, yes… they’re ours.
LOMOV : No, you’re mistaken, honoured Natalya Stepanovna, they’re mine.
NATALYA : Just think, Ivan Vassilevitch! How long have they been yours?
LOMOV : How long? As long as I can remember.
NATALYA : Really, you won’t get me to believe that!
LOMOV : But you can see from the documents, honoured Natalya Stepanovna. Oxen Meadows, it’s true, were once the subject of dispute, but now everybody knows that they are mine. There’s nothing to argue about. You see my aunt’s grandmother gave the free use of these Meadows in perpetuity (c) to the peasants of your father’s grandfather, in return for which they were to make bricks for her. The peasants (d) belonging to your father’s grandfather had the free use of the Meadows for forty years, and had got into the habit of regarding them as their own, when it happened that…
Answer:
(a) stuck
(b) swamp
(c) eternity
(d) farmers
3. [injustice, fields, calculated, currency, meddle, pulsating]
NATALYA : No, it isn’t at all like that! Both grandfather and great- grandfather reckoned (a) that their land extended to Burnt Marsh – which means that Oxen Meadows (b) were ours. I don’t see what there is to argue about. It’s simply silly!
LOMOV : I’ll show you the documents, Natalya Stepanovna!
NATALYA : No, you’re simply joking, or making fun of me. What a surprise! We’ve had the land for nearly three hundred years, and then we’re suddenly told that it isn’t ours! Ivan Vassilevitch, I can hardly believe my own ears. These Meadows aren’t worth much to me. They only come to five dessiatins, and are worth perhaps 300 roubles (c), but I can’t stand unfairness (d). Say what you will, I can’t stand unfairness.
Answer:
(a) calculated
(b) fields
(c) currency
(d) injustice
4. [nightdress, piled, bewildered, magnificent, laborers, lineage]
NATALYA : You must excuse my apron and neglige (a). We’re shelling peas for drying. Why haven’t you been here for such a long time? Sit down… [They seat themselves.] Won’t you have some lunch?
LOMOV : No, thank you, I’ve had some already.
NATALYA : Then smoke. Here are the matches. The weather is splendid (b) now, but yesterday it was so wet that the workmen (c) didn’t do anything all day. How much hay have you stacked (d) ? Just think, 1 felt greedy and had a whole field cut, and now I’m not at all pleased about it because I’m afraid my hay may rot. I ought to have waited a bit. But what’s this? Why, you’re in evening dress! Well, I never! Are you going to a ball or what? Though I must say you look better… Tell me, why are you got up like that?
Answer:
(a) nightdress
(b) magnificent
(c) laborers
(d) piled
5. [heartbeats, meddle, plot, meddle, rudeness, purebred]
CHUBUKOV : Yes really, what sort of a hunter are you, anyway? You ought to sit at home with your palpitations (a), and not go tracking animals. You could go hunting, but you only go to argue with people and interfere (b) with their dogs and so on. Let’s change the subject in case I lose my temper (c). You’re not a hunter at all, anyway!
LOMOV : And are you a hunter? You only go hunting to get in with the Count and to intrigue (d). Oh, my heart! You’re an intriguer!
Answer:
(a) heartbeats
(b) meddle
(c) mood
(d) plot
6. [terrible, stumbles, pulsating, recognize, quiet, control]
NATALYA : Why talk rot? It’s awful (a)! It’s time your Guess was shot, and you compare him with Squeezer!
LOMOV : Excuse me, I cannot continue this discussion, my heart is palpitating (b).
NATALYA : I’ve noticed that those hunters argue most who know least.
LOMOV : Madam, please be silent (c). My heart is going to pieces.
[shouts] Shut up!
NATALYA : I shan’t shut up until you acknowledge (d) that Squeezer is a hundred times better than your Guess!
Answer:
(a) terrible
(b) pulsating
(c) quiet
(d) recognize
7. [stumbles, lineage, strawman, bewildered, rudeness, nomads]
[Lomov staggers (a) out.]
CHUBUKOV : Devil take him!
[Walks about in excitement.]
NATALYA : What a rascal! What trust can one have in one’s neighbours after that!
CHUBUKOV : The villain! The scarecrow (b)!
NATALYA : The monster! First he takes our land and then he has the impudence (c) to abuse us.
CHUBUKOV : And that blind hen, yes, that turnip-ghost has the confounded (d) cheek to make a proposal, and so on! What? A proposal!
Answer:
(a) stumbles
(b) strawman
(c) rudeness
(d) bewildered
8. [exhausted, purebred, agonizing, exceeded, lineage, insanity]
NATALYA : Of course he’s better! Of course, Squeezer is young, he may develop a bit, but on points and pedigree (a) he’s better than anything that even Volchanetsky has got.
LOMOV : Excuse me, Natalya Stepanovna, but you forget that he is overshot (b), and an overshot always means the dog is a bad hunter!
NATALYA : Overshot, is he? The first time I hear it!
LOMOV : I assure you that his lower jaw is shorter than the upper.
NATALYA : Have you measured?
LOMOV : Yes. He’s all right at following, of course, but if you want to get hold of anything…
NATALYA : In the first place, our Squeezer is a thoroughbred (c) animal, the son of Harness and Chisels while there’s no getting at the pedigree of your dog at all. He’s old and as ugly as a worn-out (d) cab-horse.
Answer:
(a) lineage
(b) exceeded
(c) purebred
(d) exhausted
9. [beating, decanter, nomads, harvesters, torturous, curved]
NATALYA : I can make you a present of them myself, because they’re mine! Your behaviour, Ivan Vassilevitch, is strange, to say the least! Up to this we have always thought of you as a good neighbour, a friend; last year we lent you our threshing-machine, although on that account we had to put off our own threshing (a) till November, but you behave to us as if we were gypsies (b). Giving me my own land, indeed! No, really, that’s not at all neighbourly! In my opinion, it’s even impudent, if you want to know.
LOMOV : Then you make out that I’m a landgrabber? Madam, never in my life have I grabbed anybody else’s land and I shan’t allow anybody to accuse me of having done so. [Quickly steps to the carafe (c) and drinks more water] Oxen Meadows are mine!
NATALYA : It’s not true, they’re ours!
LOMOV : Mine!
NATALYA : It’s not true! I’ll prove it! I’ll send my mowers (d) out to the Meadows this very day!
Answer:
(a) beating
(b) nomads
(c) decanter
(d) harvesters
10. [rough, heart flutter, control, agonizing, alcoholic, swilling]
LOMOV : [Clutches at his heart] Oxen Meadows are mine! You understand? Mine!
NATALYA : Please don’t shout! You can shout yourself hoarse (a) in your own house but here I must ask you to restrain (b) yourself!
LOMOV : If it wasn’t, madam, for this awful, excruciating (c) palpitation (d), if my whole inside wasn’t upset, I’d talk to you in a different way! [Yells] Oxen Meadows are mine!
Answer:
(a) rough
(b) control
(c) agonizing
(d) heart flutter
11. [madness, alcoholic, drinking, hunched, surpassed, flailing]
LOMOV : Never mind about my people! The Lomovs have all been honourable people, and not one has ever been tried for embezzlement, like your grandfather!
CHUBUKOV : You Lomovs have had lunacy (a) in your family, all of you!
NATALYA : All, all, all!
CHUBUKOV : Your grandfather was a drunkard (b), and your younger aunt, Nastasya Mihailovna, ran away with an architect, and so on…
LOMOV : And your mother was hump-backed (c). [Clutches at his heart] Something pulling in my side… My head…. Help! Water!
CHUBUKOV : Your father was a guzzling (d) gambler!
Answer:
(a) madness
(b) alcoholic
(c) hunched
(d) drinking
Antonyms
Read the paragraph and match the words given in Column ‘A’ with the Antonyms in Column ‘B’.
1. We just get along somehow, my angel (a), thanks to your prayers, and so on. Sit down, please do… Now, you know, you shouldn’t forget (b) all about your neighbours, my darling. My dear fellow, why are you so formal (c) in your get-up! Evening dress, gloves, and so on. Can you be going anywhere (d), my treasure?
| A |
|
B |
| a) angel |
|
1) nowhere |
| b) forget |
|
2) burden |
| c) formal |
|
3) ignored |
| d) anywhere |
|
4) informal |
|
|
5) remember |
|
|
6) devil |
Answer:
a-6, b-5, c-4, d-1
2. Well, you see, it’s like this. [Takes his arm] I’ve come to you, honoured (a) Stepan Stepanovitch, to trouble (b) you with a request (c). Not once or twice have I already had the privilege (d) of applying to you for help, and you have always, so to speak… I must ask your pardon, I am getting excited. I shall drink some water, honoured Stepan Stepanovitch.
| A |
|
B |
| a) honoured |
|
1) disadvantage |
| b) trouble |
|
2) demand |
| c) request |
|
3) recall |
| d) privilege |
|
4) ease |
|
|
5) disrespected |
|
|
6) relaxed |
Answer:
a-5, b-4, c-2, d-1
3. My dear fellow… I’m so glad, and so on… Yes, indeed, and all that sort of thing. [Embraces and kisses Lomov] I’ve been hoping (a) for it for a long time. It’s been my continual desire (b). [Sheds a tear] And I’ve always loved you, my angel, as if you were my own son. May God give you both – His help and His love and so on, and so much hope… What am I behaving in this idiotic (c) way for? I’m off my balance (d) with joy, absolutely off my balance! Oh, with all my soul… I’ll go and call Natasha, and all that.
| A |
|
B |
| a) hoping |
|
1) intelligent |
| b) desire |
|
2) imbalance |
| c) idiotic |
|
3) aversion |
| d) balance |
|
4) despairing |
|
|
5) disrespected |
|
|
6) relaxed |
Answer:
a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2
4. It’s cold… I’m trembling (a) all over, just as if I’d got an examination before me. The great thing is, I must have my mind made up. If I give myself time to think, to hesitate (b) , to talk a lot, to look for an ideal, or for real love, then I’ll never get married. Brr… It’s cold! Natalya Stepanovna is an excellent housekeeper, not bad-looking, well- educated. What more do I want? But I’m getting a noise in my ears from excitement (c). [Drinks] And it’s impossible for me not to marry. In the first place, I’m already 35 – a critical age, so to speak. In the second place, I ought to lead a quiet and regular life. I suffer from palpitations, I’m excitable and always getting awfully upset; at this very moment my lips are trembling, and there’s a twitch in my right eyebrow. But the very worst (d) of all is the way I sleep.
| A |
|
B |
| a) trembling |
|
1) decide |
| b) hesitate |
|
2) comfort |
| c) excitement |
|
3) steady |
| d) worst |
|
4) best |
|
|
5) burden |
|
|
6) boredom |
Answer:
a-3, b-1, c-6, d-4
5. Then smoke. Here are the matches. The weather is splendid (a) now, hut yesterday it was so wet that the workmen didn’t do anything all day. How much hay have you stacked? Just think, I felt greedy (b) and had a whole field cut, and now I’m not at all pleased (c) about it because I’m afraid my hay may rot. I ought to have waited a bit. But what’s this? Why, you’re in evening dress! Well, I never! Are you going to a ball or what? Though I must say you look better (d)… Tell me, why are you got up like that?
| A |
|
B |
| a) splendid |
|
1) displeased |
| b) greedy |
|
2) worse |
| c) pleased |
|
3) apathy |
| d) better |
|
4) firm |
|
|
5) selfless |
|
|
6) dull |
Answer:
a-6, b-5, c-1, d-2
6. I shall try to be brief. You must know, honoured Natalya Stepanovna, that I have long, since my childhood, in fact, had the privilege of knowing your family. My late aunt and her husband, from whom, as you know, I inherited (a) my land, always had the greatest respect (b) for your father and your late mother. The Lomovs and the Chubukovs have always had the most friendly (c), and I might almost say the most affectionate (d), regard for each other. And, as you know, my land is a near neighbour of yours. You will remember that my Oxen Meadows touch your birchwoods.
| A |
|
B |
| a) inherited |
|
1) aloof |
| b) respect |
|
2) generous |
| c) friendly |
|
3) ordinary |
| d) affectionate |
|
4) unfriendly |
|
|
5) disrespect |
|
|
6) acquired |
Answer:
a-6, b-5, c-4, d-1
7. But you can see ifrom the documents, honoured Natalya Stepanovna. Oxen Meadows, it’s true (a) were once the subject of dispute (b) but now everybody knows that they are mine. There’s nothing to argue (c), about. You see my aunt’s grandmother gave the free use of these Meadows in perpetuity (d) to the peasants of vour father’s grandfather, in return for which they were to make bricks for her.
| A |
|
B |
| a) true |
|
1) impermanence |
| b) dispute |
|
2) departure |
| c) argue |
|
3) earned |
| d) perpetuity |
|
4) agree |
|
|
5) harmony |
|
|
6) false |
Answer:
a-6, b-5, c-4, d-1
8. No, you’re simply joking (a), or making fun of me. What a surprise! We’ve had the land for nearly three hundred years. and then we’re suddenly (b) told that it isn’t ours! Ivan Vassilevitch. I can hardly believe (c) my own ears. These Meadows aren’t worth much to me. They only come to five dessiatins, and are worth perhaps 300 roubles, but I can’t stand unfairness (d). Say what you will. I can’t stand unfairness.
| A |
|
B |
| a) joking |
|
1) doubt |
| b) suddenly |
|
2) fairness |
| c) believe |
|
3) gradually |
| d) unfairness |
|
4) serious |
|
|
5) concur |
|
|
6) alienation |
Answer:
a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2
9. I can make you a present of them myself, because they’re mine! Your behaviour, Ivan Vassilevitch, is strange (a), to say the least (b) ! Up to this we have always thought of you as a good neighbour, a friend; last year we lent you our threshing-machine, although on that account we had to put off our own threshing till November, but you behave to us as if we were gypsies. Giving me my own land, indeed! No, really (c), that’s not at all neighbourly! In my opinion, it’s even impudent (d), if you want to know.
| A |
|
B |
| a) strange |
|
1) most |
| b) least |
|
2) solemn |
| c) really |
|
3) familiar |
| d) impudent |
|
4) polite |
|
|
5) equity |
|
|
6) insincerely |
Answer:
a-3, b-1, c-6, d-4
10. Rut, please, Stepan Stepanovitch. how can they be yours? Do be a reasonable (a) man! My aunt’s grandmother gave the Meadows for the temporary (b) and free use of your grandfather’s peasants. The peasants used the land for forty years and got accustomed (c) to it as if it was their own (d), when it happened that…
| A |
|
B |
| a) reasonable |
|
1) borrowed |
| b) temporary |
|
2) unreasonable |
| c) accustomed |
|
3) courteous |
| d) own |
|
4) justice |
|
|
5) unaccustomed |
|
|
6) permanent |
Answer:
a-2, b-6, c-5, d-1
11. Dear one, why yell like that? You won’t prove anything just by yelling (a). I don’t want anything of yours, and don’t intend (b) to give up what I have. Why should I? And you know, my beloved (c), that if you propose to go on arguing (d) about it. I’d much sooner give up the Meadows to the peasants than to you. There!
| A |
|
B |
| a) yelling |
|
1) concurring |
| b) intend |
|
2) greatest |
| c) beloved |
|
3) respectful |
| d) arguing |
|
4) hated |
|
|
5) unplanned |
|
|
6) whispering |
Answer:
a-6, b-5, c-4, d-1
12. There’s some demon of contradiction (a) in you today, Ivan Vassilevitch. First you pretend (b) that the Meadows are yours; now, that Guess is better than Squeezer. I don’t like people who don’t say what they mean, because you know perfectly (c) well that Squeezer is a hundred times better (d) than your silly Guess. Why do you want to say he isn’t?
| A |
|
B |
| a) contradiction |
|
1) worse |
| b) pretend |
|
2) agreement |
| c) perfectly |
|
3) unintentional |
| d) better |
|
4) genuine |
|
|
5) imperfectly |
|
|
6) harmonizing |
Answer:
a-2, b-4, c-5, d-1
13. Don’t excite yourself. my precious (a) one. Allow me. Your Guess certainly has his good points. He’s purebred, firm on his feet, has well-sprung ribs, and all that. But, my dear man. if you want to know the truth (b) that dog has two defects (c) he’s old and he’s short in the muzzle. It’s not true! Mv dear fellow. I’m very liable to lose my temper (d), and so, just because of that, let’s stop arguing.
| A |
|
B |
| a) precious |
|
1) perfection |
| b) truth |
|
2) quiet |
| c) defect |
|
3) lie |
| d) temper |
|
4) worthless |
|
|
5) calmness |
|
|
6) despised |
Answer:
a-4, b-3, c-1, d-5
Right Forms of the Words
Fill in the blanks in the following passage choosing the right form of the words given in brackets.
1. The play is about the tendency of _______ (a) (wealth / wealthy / wealthier) families to seek ties with other wealthy families, to increase their estates by _______ (b) (encourage / encouraged / encouraging) marriages that make good economic sense. Ivan Lomov, a long time wealthy neighbour of Stepan Chubukov, also wealthy, comes to seek the hand of Chubukov’s twenty-five-year-old daughter, Natalya. All three are quarrelsome people, and they quarrel over petty issues. The proposal is in danger of being forgotten amidst all this _______ (c) (quarrell / quarrelled / quarrelling). But economic good sense ensures that the proposal is made, after all – although the quarrelling perhaps _______ (d) (continue / continues / continued)!
Answer:
a) wealthy
b) encouraging
c) quarrelling
d) continues
2. My dear fellow… I’m so glad, and so on… Yes, indeed, and all that sort of thing. [Embraces and kisses Lomov] I’ve been _______ (a) (hope / hoped / hoping) for it for a long time. It’s been my continual _______ (b) (desire / desired / desiring). [Sheds a tear] And I’ve always loved you, my angel, as if you were my own son. May God give you both – His help and His love and so on, and so much hope… What am I _______ (c) (behave / behaved / behaving) in this idiotic way for? I’m off my _______ (d) (balance/ balanced / balancing) with joy, absolutely off my balance! Oh, with all my soul… I’ll go and call Natasha, and all that.
Answer:
a) hoping
b) desire
c) behaving
d) balance
3. It’s cold… I’m _______ (a) (tremble / trembled / trembling) all over, just as if I’d got an _______ (b) (examining / examination / examined) before me. The great thing is, I must have my mind made up. If I give myself time to think, to hesitate, to talk a lot, to look for an ideal, or for real love, then I’ll never get married. Brr… It’s cold! Natalya Stepanovna is an excellent housekeeper, not bad-looking, well-educated. What more do I want? But I’m getting a noise in my ears from _______ (c) (excite / excitement / excited). [Drinks] And it’s impossible for me not to marry. In the first place, I’m already 35 – a critical age, so to speak. In the second place, I ought to lead a quiet and regular life. I suffer from _______ (d) (palpitation / palpitations / palpitated), I’m excitable and always getting awfully upset; at this very moment my lips are trembling, and there’s a twitch in my right eyebrow. But the very worst of all is the way I sleep.
Answer:
a) trembling
b) examination
c) excitement
d) palpitations
4. Then smoke. Here are the matches. The weather is splendid now, but yesterday it was so wet that the workmen didn’t do anything all day. How much hay have you _______ (a) (stack /stacked / stacking)? Just think, I felt greedy and had a whole field cut, and now I’m not at all _______ (b) (please / pleased /pleasing) about it because I’m afraid my hay may rot. I ought to have _______ (c) (wait / waited / waiting) a bit. But what’s this? Why, you’re in evening dress! Well, I never! Are you going to a ball or what? Though 1 must say you look _______ (d) (good / better / best)… Tell me, why are you got up like that?
Answer:
a) stacked
b) pleased
c) waited
d) better
5. I shall try to be brief. You must know, _______ (a) (honour / honoured / honouring) Natalya Stepanovna, that I have long, since my childhood, in fact, had the _______ (b) (privilege / privileged / privileging) of knowing your family. My late aunt and her husband, from whom, as you know, I _______ (c) (inherit / inherited / inheriting) my land, always had the _______ (d) (great / greater / greatest) respect for your father and your late mother.
Answer:
a) honoured
b) privilege
c) inherited
d) greatest
Vowel Clusters
Complete the spelling of the words choosing ‘ae’, ‘ea\ ‘ee’, ‘ei’, ‘oo’, ‘ou’, ‘ai\ ‘ia’/ie’, io’, oi’, iii’ or au’.
Exercise – 1
1. My d_ _r (a) fellow, whom do I s_ _(b)! Ivan Vassilevitch! I am extremely glad!
2. Sit down, pl_ _se (a) do… Now, you know, you shouldn’t forget all about your neighb_ _rs (b), my darling.
3. Can you be going anywhere, my tr_ _sure?
4. No. I’ve come only to see you, hon_ _red Stepan Stepanovitch.
5. My dear fellow… I’m so glad, and so on… Yes, ind_ _d, and all that sort of thing.
6. May God give you both – His help and His love and so on, and so much hope… What am I behaving in this id_ _tic way for?
7. Why, of c_ _rse, my darling, and… as if she won’t consent! She’s in love; egad, she’s like a lovesick cat, and so on. Shan’t be long!
8. You must excuse my apron and neglige. We’re shelling p s for drying.
9. Why haven’t you b_ _n (a) here for such a long time? Sit down… [They s_ _t (b) themselves.] Won’t you have some lunch?
10. How much hay have you stacked? Just think, I felt gr_ _dy (a) and had a whole f_ _ld (b) cut, and now I’m not at all pleased about it because I’m afraid my hay may rot.
Answer:
1. (a) deer (b) see
2. (a) please (b) neighbours
3. treasure
4. honoured
5. indeed
6. idiotic
7. course
8. peas
9. (a) been (b) seat
10. (a) greedy (b) field
Exercise – 2
1. I shall try to be br_ _f (a). You must know, honoured Natalya Stepanovna, that I have long, since my childh_ _d (b), in fact, had the privilege of knowing your family.
2. You will remember that my Oxen M_ _dows (a) t_ _ch (b) your birchwoods.
3. How ? I’m sp_ _king (a) of those Oxen Meadows which are wedged in between your birchw_ _ds (b)and the Burnt Marsh.
4. You see my aunt’s grandmother gave the free use of these Meadows in perpet_ _ty (a) to the p_ _sants (b) of your father’s grandfather, in return for which they were to make bricks for her.
5. I don’t see what there is to arg_ _about. It’s simply silly!
6. Say what you will, I can’t stand unf_ _mess.
7. Hear me out, I implore you! The p_ _sants (a) of your father’s grandfather, as I have already had the honour of expl_ _ning (b) to you, used to bake bricks for my aunt’s grandmother.
8. I can’t make head or t_ _l (a) of all this about nts (b) and grandfathers and grandmothers.
9. Ours! You can go on proving it for two days on end, you can go and put on fift_ _n dress jackets, but I tell you they’re ours, ours, ours!
10. Ivan Vassilevitch, is strange, to say the least! Up to this we have always thought of you as a good n_ _ghbour (a), a friend; last year we lent you our threshing-machine, although on that acc_ _nt (b) we had to put off our own threshing till November, but you behave to us as if we were gyps_ _s (c).
Answer:
1. (a) brief (b) childhood
2. (a) Meadows (b)touch
3. (a) speaking (b) brichwoods
4. (a) perpetuity (b) peasants
5. argue
6. unfairness
7. (a) peasants (b) explaining
8. (a) tail (b) aunts
9. fifteen
10. (a) neighbour (b) account (c) gypsies
Suffixes or Inflections
Fill in the blanks of the following words with correct suffixes.
Exercise – 1
1. Then you make out that I’m a landgrabber? Madam, never in my life have I grabb___(ing / ed) anybody else’s land and I shan’t allow anybody to accuse me of having done so.
2. If it wasn’t, madam, for this awful, excruciating palpitat___(a) (ed / ion), if my whole inside wasn’t upset, I’d talk to you in a differ___(b) (ant / ent) way! [Yells] Oxen Meadows are mine!
3. What’s the matter? What are you shout___(ed / ing) for?
4. But, please, Stejpan Stepanovitch, how can they be yours? Do be a reason___(ing / able) man!
5. Dear one, why yell like that? You won’t prove anything just by yell___(ing / ed).
6. Why should I? And you know, my belov___(a) (ed / ing), that if you propose to go on argu___(b) (ment / ing) about it, I’d much sooner give up the Meadows to the peasants than to you. There!
7. I, young man, am twice your age, and ask you to speak to me without agitat___(ed / ing) yourself, and all that.
8. No, you just think I’m a fool and want to have me on! You call my land yours, and then you want me to talk to you calm___(a) (ness / ly) and polite___(b) (ness / ly)!
9. The Lomovs have all been honour___(a) (ed / able) people, and not one has ever been tried for embezzle___(b) (ness / ment), like your grandfather!
10. Your father was a guzzl___(ed / ing) gambler!
Answer:
1. grabbed
2. (a) palpitation (b) different
3. shouting
4. reasonable
5. yelling
6. (a) beloved (b) arguing
7. agitating
8. (a) calmly (b) politely
9. (a) honourable (b) embezzlement
10. guzzling
Exercise – 2
1. And that blind hen, yes, that turnip-ghost has the confound___(a) (ing / ed) cheek to make a propos___(b) (el / al), and so on! What? A proposal!
2. [Lomov enters, exhausted.] My heart’s palpitat___(a) (ed / ing) awful___(b) (ly / ness). My foot’s gone to sleep. There’s something that keeps pulling in my side….
3. Forgive us, Ivan Vassilevitch, we were all a little heat (ing / ed).
4. My heart’s beating awfully. My Meadows… My eyebrows are both twitch___(ed / ing)…..
5. Are you going to start shoot___(ed / ing) soon?
6. I’m thinking of having a go at the blackcock, honour___(ing / ed) Natalya Stepanovna, after the harvest.
7. I don’t know. Must have got his leg twist___(ed / ing) or bitten by some other dog.
8. I assure you that his lower jaw is short___(a) (er / est) than the upper. Have you measur___(b) (ment / ed)?
9. Yes. He’s all right at follow___(ed / ing), of course, but if you want to get hold of anything…
10. I don’t like people who don’t say what they mean, because you know perfect___(ion / ly) well that Squeezer is a hundred times better than your silly Guess.
Answer:
1. (a) confounded (b) proposal
2. (a) palpitating (b) awfully
3. heated
4. twitching
5. shooting
6. honoured
7. twisted
8. (a) shorter (b) measured
9. following
10. perfectly
Identifying the Wrongly Spelt Word
Find the wrongly spelt word and write the correct spelling.
Exercise – 1
Answer:
1. reception
2. procession
3. quarrelsome
4. amidst
5. treasure
6. assistant
7. interrupt
8. privilege
9. affectionate
10. peasants
Exercise – 2
Answer:
1. roubles
2. accustomed
3. honourable
4.sausage
5. proposal
6. lunacy
7. machine
8. acknowledge
9. interfere
10. temporary
Dictionary Skills
1. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the part of speech of the word ‘affectionate’?
Answer:
adjective
b) What is the synonym of the word ‘affectionate’?
Answer:
loving
2. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the part of speech of the word ‘awfully’?
Answer
adverb
b) What is the synonym of the word ‘awfully’?
Answer:
terribly
3. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the synonym of the word ‘continual’?
Answer:
continuous
b) What is the adverb form of the word ‘continual’?
Answer:
continually
4. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the part of speech of the word ‘excruciating’?
Answer:
adjective
b) Write any two collocations using the word ‘excruciatingly’.
Answer:
excruciatingly painful; excruciatingly boring
5. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the noun form of the word ‘handsome’?
Answer:
handsomeness
b) What are the other degrees of comparison of the word ‘handsome’?
Answer:
handsome, handsomer, handsomest / handsome, more handsome, most handsome
6. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the part of speech of the word ‘ideal’?
Answer:
adjective
b) Write the adverb form of the word ‘ideal’.
Answer:
ideally
7. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What are the synonyms of the word ‘malicious’?
Answer:
malevolent, spiteful
b) What is the adverb form of the word ‘malicious’?
Answer:
maliciously
8. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the part of speech of the word ‘precious’?
Answer:
adjective
b) What are the synonyms of the word ‘precious’?
Answer:
treasured, affected
9. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above
a) What is the part of speech of the word ‘privilege’?
Answer:
noun, verb
b) What is the synonym of the word ‘privilege’?
Answer:
honour
10. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above
a) What is the part of speech of the word ‘splendid’?
Answer:
adjective
b) Write any two collocations using the word ‘splendid’.
Answer:
splendid scenery; splendid idea
11. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the pasft form of the word ‘upset’?
Answer:
upset
b) What is the synonym of the word ‘upset’?
Answer:
distress
12. Read the following dictionary entry of the word.
Now, answer the following questions using the information above.
a) What is the antonym of the word ‘willing’?
Answer:
unwilling
b) What is the adverb form of the word ‘willing’?
Answer:
willingly
Classification of Words
Arrange the following words under correct headings.
1. [merchant, meadows, housekeeper, lunatic, birchwood, Burnt Marsh, peasant, field]
| Persons |
Places |
| 1. |
1. |
| 2. |
2. |
| 3. |
3. |
| 4. |
4. |
Answer:
| Persons |
Places |
| 1. merchant |
1. meadows |
| 2. housekeeper |
2. birchwood |
| 3. lunatic |
3. Burnt Marsh |
| 4. peasant |
4. field |
2. [neighbour, gypsy, aunt, grandfather, land grabber, intriguer, husband, grandmother]
| Persons |
Relations |
| 1. |
1. |
| 2. |
2. |
| 3. |
3. |
| 4. |
4. |
Answer:
| Persons |
Relations |
| 1. neighbour |
1. aunt |
| 2. gypsy |
2. grandfather |
| 3. land grabber |
3. husband |
| 4. intriguer |
4. grandmother |
3. [gloves, peas, apron, knife, pistol, neglige, jacket, carafe]
| Articles of clothing |
Things |
| 1. |
1. |
| 2. |
2. |
| 3. |
3. |
| 4. |
4. |
Answer:
| Articles of clothing |
Things |
| 1. gloves |
1. peas |
| 2. apron |
2. knife |
| 3. neglige |
3. pistol |
| 4. jacket |
4. carafe |
4. [fox, sheep, bullet, mowers, machine, dog, horse, hay]
| Animals |
Things |
| 1. |
1. |
| 2. |
2. |
| 3. |
3. |
| 4. |
4. |
Answer:
| Animals |
Things |
| 1. fox |
1. bullet |
| 2. sheep |
2. machine |
| 3. dog |
3. mowers |
| 4. horse |
4. hay |
Matchings
Match the phrases given under Columan ‘A’ with their meanings given under Column ‘B’.
1.
| Column – A |
|
Column – B |
| 1) brrr |
|
A) expresses surprise, anger or affirmation |
| 2) egad |
|
B) an expression meant to ward off the evil eye |
| 3) my word |
|
C) used to express hesitation |
| 4) tfoo |
|
D) an exclamation used to suggest shivering |
|
|
E) used to show that you are surprised at some-thing |
|
|
F) used to express your happiness |
Answer:
1-D, 2-A, 3-E, 4-B
2.
| Column – A |
|
Column – B |
| 1) hear me out |
|
A) an object made to resemble a human figure |
| 2) on principle |
|
B) rude and not showing any respect |
| 3) to say the least |
|
C) a way to grab someone’s attention |
| 4) has gone to sleep |
|
D) to act in accordance with one’s moral ideals |
|
|
E) not to describe something in the strongest way you could |
|
|
F) a feeling of numbness or tinging known temporary paresthesia |
Answer:
1-C, 2-D, 3-E, 4-F
3.
| Column – A |
|
Column – B |
| 1) pettifogger |
|
A) used to expess discomfort, aversion, or impertinence |
| 2) scarecrow |
|
B) an inferior legal practitioner |
| 3) milk sop |
|
C) an object made to resemble a human figure set up to scare birds away from a field |
| 4) ouf |
|
D) to give a short jerk or convulsive movement |
|
|
E) a person who is indecisive and lacks in courage |
|
|
F) to beg somebody earnestly |
Answer:
1-B, 2-C, 3-E, 4-A
4.
| Column – A |
|
Column – B |
| 1) my feet |
|
A) used to express, discomfort or aversion |
| 2) verst |
|
B) a way to grab one’s attention |
| 3) lunatic |
|
C) used to mean that you do not believe what another person has told you |
| 4) I’ll cut my throat |
|
D) a person who does crazy things that are often dangerous |
|
|
E) Russian measure of 1.1 kilometre |
|
|
F) to behave in a way that will cause harm to yourself |
Answer:
1-C, 2-E, 3-D, 4-F
5.
| Column – A |
|
Column – B |
| 1) my heart is biurst |
|
A) to start |
| 2) worrying a sheep |
|
B) to make a decision |
| 3) lose my temper |
|
C) to give way from an excess of emotion |
| 4) has gone to sleep |
|
D) chases and frightens it might also bite it |
|
|
E) to fail / manage to control your anger |
|
|
F) become numb |
Answer:
1-C, 2-D, 3-E, 4-F
6.
| Column – A |
|
Column – B |
| 1) you are under the slipper of your house-keeper |
|
A) you are scared of your housekeeper |
| 2) to make up one’s mind |
|
B) explode |
| 3) can’t make the head or tail of all |
|
C) to make a decision |
| 4) go off |
|
D) unable to understand |
|
|
E) start |
|
|
F) rude and not showing any respect |
Answer:
1-A, 2-C, 3-D, 4-B
SECTION – C
CREATIVE EXPRESSION
Conversation
Question 1.
When Lomov came to the Chubukov’s house to propose to Natalya’s hand in marriage, Natalya and her father Stepanovitch Chubukov abused Lomov, made derogatory and defaming remarks against Lomov and his family. They assaulted him and made a scathing attack on him and his family. Later they pitied him and they were sorry for that attack against him. They talked to each other and they accused themselves of being rude and indecent against Lomov.
What would be the conversation between Natalya and her father Chubukov in this context?
Answer:
Chubukov : I’m very sorry for the young man ! I pity him.
Natalya : Me too. We are very much rude, impolite and indecent towards him.
Chubukov : Yes. We cursed him, abused him and drove him out. I am very sorry my dear, Lomov.
Natalya : We made derogarory remarks against him. We made defaming remarks against his family members. I too beg his pardon.
Chubukov : It’s all because of you.
Natalya : No, it was because of you!
Chubukov : I was very much delighted and thrilled when he made the proposal of having your hand in marriage.
Natalya : You should have told me about it before it all happened.
Chubukov : I thought, he would make the proposal to you straight away. But you’ve taken the conversation to another direction.
Natalya : No. I was not. He was obstinate and adamant in his arguments. He claimed that Oxen Meadows belonged to him.
Chubukov : You too did the same. You got aggravated and made a heated argument with him by being contemptuous and arrogant and inexorable.
Natalya : You also humiliated him, made a scathing attack on his personality.
Chubukov : I’m very sorry for him. Please pardon my dear sir. We’ve defamed you with our arrogance and we’ve behaved brutally towards you.
Natalya : Sir Lomov ! I too pity you. We are inexcusable for our outrageous attitude towards you. I beg your pardon. We have hurt you with our savage, barbaric and unscrupulous outburst towards you.
Chubukov : He is actually polite, amiable and social.
Natalya : Yes. He is a gentleman but he is nervous and excitable. He is very much sensitive and is suffering from palpitations because he is distraught, anxious and perturbed with our excoriated attack on him.
Chubukov : We should not have behaved so brutally against him. Our attitude towards him is inexpiable whereas he is affable.
Natalya : Dad ! I implore you ! 1 beg you earnestly to fetch him back. I’d like to marry him. First I want to apologise to him.
Chubukov : I will bring him provided you make a promise that you should not make any illogical arguments against him.
Natalya : I assure you, I won’t make any petty arguments against him.
Chubukov : Somehow, I’ll persuade him, coax him and try to appease him with my pleasing words. See you.
Question 2.
Environmental conservation focuses on the protection, preservation, and sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystems. It encompasses efforts to safeguard biodiversity, mitigate pollution, address climate change, and promote overall environmental sustainability.
You have read the lesson ‘The Proposal’ and understood the significance of marshes and meadows in ecosystems and the importance of preserving wetlands. Now write a possible conversation between you and your science teacher.
Answer:
I : Good morning, Mr. Smith. I wanted to talk to you about something I learned in our literature class that I think is relevant to our science curriculum.
Teacher : Good morning! Of course, I’m always interested in connecting different subjects. What did you learn?
I : Well, we were discussing the play “The Proposal,” and there was a part about the importance of marshes and meadows in ecosystems. It got me thinking about environmental conservation and how crucial it is to preserve wetlands.
Teacher : That’s an excellent connection to make! Wetlands are incredibly important ecosystems that provide numerous benefits to both wildlife and humans. They act as natural filters, improving water quality, and they serve as habitats for diverse plant and animal species.
I : Yes, exactly! I learned that wetlands also help prevent flooding by absorbing excess water during heavy rainfall and storms. Plus, they store carbon, which helps mitigate climate change.
Teacher : Absolutely. Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, supporting a wide array of species and providing valuable services to the environment and society. It’s crucial that we work to preserve and protect them.
I : I completely agree. I think it’s important for us to raise awareness about the significance of wetlands and advocate for their conservation. Maybe we could even organize a school project or field trip to a nearby wetland area.
Teacher : That’s a fantastic idea! Engaging in hands-on activities and getting out into nature is an excellent way to foster appreciation and understanding of the environment. Let’s discuss it further and see how we can incorporate it into our curriculum.
I : Great! I’m really passionate§bout environmental conservation, and I think it’s essential for us to take action to protect our planet’s precious ecosystems.
Teacher : I couldn’t agree more. It’s inspiring to see students like you who are enthusiastic about making a positive difference. Let’s work together to make a meaningful impact on the preservation of wetlands and the environment as a whole.
Question 3.
You have read the lesson The Book That Saved The Earth and understood the theme of miscommunication and misunderstanding in the play and its real-life implications.
Now write a possible conversation between you and your friend Kiran.
Answer:
You : Hey Kiran, have you ever heard of the play “The Book That Saved The Earth”?
Kiran : No, I haven’t. What’s it about?
You : It’s a hilarious story set in the future where Martians attempt to invade Earth but end up misinterpreting nursery rhymes as threats. It’s all about miscommunication and misunderstanding.
Kiran : That sounds intriguing! So, how does miscommunication play out in the story?
You : Well, the Martians, led by their egotistical leader Think-Tank, misinterpret innocent nursery rhymes as coded messages indicating Earth’s military capabilities. For example, they interpret “Mistress Mary, quite contrary, How does your garden grow? With cockle shells and silver bells” as evidence of Earthlings growing explosives and rare metals in their gardens.
Kiran : That’s hilarious! But it also highlights how misinterpretation can lead to serious consequences. Have you ever been in a situation where miscommunication caused problems?
You : Definitely! I remember once during a group project, there was a misunderstanding about deadlines which led to confusion and unnecessary stress. Thankfully, we were able to sort it out by openly discussing our concerns and clarifying expectations.
Kiran : It’s amazing how miscommunication can escalate if not addressed promptly. The play seems like a humorous way to shed light on such a common issue.
You : Absolutely! It’s a lighthearted reminder of the importance of clear communication and understanding, both in fictional scenarios and real life.
Kiran : I’ll definitely have to check out the play sometime. Thanks for telling me about it!
You : No problem! I think you’ll enjoy it. Plus, it’s a great conversation starter about the complexities of communication and the consequences of misunderstanding.
Diary Entry
Question 1.
When Lomov came to Chubukov’s house to propose to Natalya’s hand in marriage, Natalya and her father Chubukov abused Lomov, made derogatory and defaming remarks against him. Moreover she assaulted him and made a scathing attack against him and his family. He was hurt and went away humiliated. Natalya repented after retrospecting her brutal, savage, unscrupulous outburst towards him. She wanted to write her feelings in a diary entry.
Assume yourself to be Natalya and write your feelings in this context as a diary entry.
Answer:
4 December, 20xx
Monday
9.30 p.m.
Dear Diary,
Today I am sorry for my attitude towards Lomov. I talked to him contemptuously, unscrupulously. Forgive us Ivan Vassilevitch. We should not have behaved brutally and savagely. We have defamed you, made derogatory remarks against you and your family. We have assaulted you and made a scathing attack against you. We are indecent and rude and ruthless. I should not have been adamant and stubborn in my arguments with you. I am very sorry. Please pardon my Sir. We pity you for our outrageous attitudes towards you. You are amiable, sociable, and affable. But we are coarse, rude and impudent. You are always honourable. But I’ve made debasing remarks against your aunt and defaming remarks against your family members. We should not have talked in such a humiliating way. You don’t have the habit of embezzle others’ property. But we accused you a malicious, double-faced intriguer. I am very sorry Sir, I called you a scarecrow and a turnip ghost in my scorn and arrogance. I beg your pardon Sir. Please excuse me. Dont’ think otherwise. You are gullible and sensible. We have hurt you with our scathing attack against you. Once again we beg your pardon.
Natalya
Question 2.
You have read the lesson The Book That Saved the Earth and seen the portrayal of aliens and extraterrestrial life in literature and media.
Write a Diary Entry in about 100 words.
Answer:
March 12, 20xx
Dear Diary,
Today was an intriguing day as I delved into the captivating world of literature, particularly exploring the portrayal of aliens and extraterrestrial life in the play “The Book That Saved the Earth.” It was a fascinating journey through the imaginative realm of science fiction, where Martians, led by the egotistical Think-Tank, attempted to invade Earth but were thwarted by a simple misunderstanding of nursery rhymes.
As I reflected on the play’s portrayal of aliens, I couldn’t help but marvel at the creativity and diversity of interpretations that writers bring to the concept of extraterrestrial beings. From benevolent visitors to menacing invaders, aliens have been depicted in various forms across literature and media, reflecting humanity’s curiosity and imagination about the unknown.
What struck me most about the play was its underlying theme of miscommunication and misunderstanding. Despite their advanced technology and intellect, the Martians failed to grasp the true meaning behind Earth’s cultural artifacts, leading to humorous yet consequential misinterpretations. It made me ponder how miscommunication can occur even between beings of different species, highlighting the importance of empathy, curiosity, and open-mindedness in fostering mutual understanding.
As I closed the book, I found myself contemplating the broader implications of miscommunication in our own lives. How often do we misinterpret others’ intentions or messages due to our own biases or lack of understanding? How can we strive to bridge the gap and foster genuine connections with those who are different from us?
Tonight, as I drift off to sleep, I carry with me a newfound appreciation for the power of storytelling to not only entertain but also provoke thought and reflection on the complexities of human nature and the vast mysteries of the universe.
Until next time,
xxxx
Letter Writing
Question 1.
Thanking a mentor for their wisdom, encouragement, and belief in one’s potential fosters a deep sense of appreciation and respect. Recognizing the mentor’s rol6 not only strengthens the mentor-mentee bond but also inspires others to pay it forward in mentoring relationships.
Pen a letter to a mentor expressing your gratitude for their guidance.
Answer:
[Your Name]
[Your Address]
[City, State, ZIP Code]
[Email Address]
[Phone Number]
[Date]
[Mentor’s Name]
[Mentor’s Position/Organization]
[Organization’s Address]
[City, State, ZIP Code]
Dear [Mentor’s Name],
I hope this letter finds you well. As I reflect on my journey of growth and development, I am filled with an overwhelming sense of gratitude for the profound impact you have had on my life.’ I wanted to take a moment to express my deepest appreciation for your unwavering guidance, encouragement, and belief in my potential.
When I first embarked on this journey, I was filled with uncertainty and apprehension, unsure of my abilities and unsure of what lay ahead. It was during this pivotal moment that you graciously stepped into my life, offering me not only your expertise and wisdom but also your unwavering support and encouragement.
Your mentorship has been nothing shdrt of transformative, empowering me to embrace challenges, navigate obstacles, and strive for excellence in every endeavor. Your insights, advice, and encouragement have not only helped me achieve my goals but have also inspired me to reach for heights I never thought possible.
More than just imparting knowledge and skills, you have instilled in me a sense of confidence, resilience, and determination to pursue my passions and aspirations fearlessly. Your belief in my potential has served as a beacon of light during moments of doubt and uncertainty, reminding me of the boundless possibilities that lie within reach.
I am profoundly grateful for the countless hours you have dedicated to nurturing my growth and development, patiently guiding me through challenges, celebrating my successes, and offering words of wisdom and encouragement along the way. Your mentorship has truly been a gift, and 1 am honored to have had the opportunity to learn from someone as wise, compassionate, and inspiring as you.
As I continue on my journey, I carry with me the invaluable lessons and insights you have imparted, knowing that your guidance will continue to shape and inspire me in all that I do. I am deeply humbled by your belief in me, and I am committed to honoring your legacy by paying it forward and empowering others on their paths to success.
Thank you, from the bottom of my heart, for your unwavering support, guidance, and belief in me. Your mentorship has made all the difference, and I am eternally grateful for the profound impact you have had on my life.
With deepest gratitude and respect,
[Your Name]
Question 2.
Climate change profoundly affects the environment. Rising temperatures lead to melting ice caps, raising sea levels and threatening coastal areas. Extreme weather events like hurricanes, droughts, and wildfires become more frequent and severe, endangering ecosystems and human lives. Shifts in rainfall patterns disrupt agriculture, impacting food security worldwide. Ocean acidification harms marine life, jeopardizing delicate ecosystems like coral reefs. Biodiversity loss accelerates as habitats become uninhabitable for many species. The impacts of climate change ripple across the planet, posing significant challenges to sustainable development, human health, and the delicate balance of nature.
Pen a letter to a friend discussing the impact of climate change on the environment.
Answer:
[Your Name]
[Your Address]
[City, State, ZIP Code]
[Email Address]
[Phone Number]
[Date]
[Friend’s Name]
[Friend’s Address]
[City, State, ZIP Code]
Dear [Friend’s Name],
I hope this letter finds you well. I wanted to reach out to you to discuss a topic that weighs heavily on my mind lately: the profound impact of climate change on our environment.
Climate change is no longer just a distant threat-it’s a reality that we are witnessing unfold before our eyes. The consequences of rising global temperatures are far-reaching and devastating, affecting ecosystems, communities, and livelihoods across the planet.
One of the most visible effects of climate change is the melting of ice caps and glaciers, leading to rising sea levels. As a result, coastal areas are increasingly threatened, putting millions of people at risk of displacement and loss of homes and livelihoods. The frequency and severity of extreme weather events like hurricanes, droughts, and wildfires are also on the rise, wreaking havoc on communities and ecosystems alike.
Shifts in rainfall patterns and prolonged droughts are disrupting agriculture and food security worldwide, leading to crop failures, food shortages, and increased prices.
These impacts of climate change are not isolated – they are interconnected and exacerbate existing social, economic, and environmental challenges. The most vulnerable communities, including marginalized populations and developing countries, bear the brunt of the consequences, despite contributing the least to global greenhouse gas emissions.
Through sustainable practices, conservation efforts, and advocacy for climate action, we can make a meaningful difference in safeguarding our planet for future geherations. I urge you to join me in raising awareness, taking action, and advocating for policies that prioritize environmental protection and climate resilience.
Together, we have the power to shape a more sustainable and equitable future for all living beings on Earth. Let’s stand united in our commitment to protect and preserve the precious gift of our planet.
With hope and determination,
[Your Name]
Question 3.
Business owners who prioritize community well-being deserve appreciation for their valuable contributions and dedication to making a positive difference. Their dedication strengthens local economies, providing jobs and resources. Supporting community events, charities, and initiatives demonstrates a commitment to social responsibility. By fostering partnerships and investing in neighborhood improvement projects, they enhance the quality of life for residents.
Draft a letter to a local business owner praising their contribution to the community.
Answer:
[Your Name]
[Your Address]
[City, State, ZII? Code]
[Email Address]
[Phone Number]
[Date]
[Business Owner’s Name]
[Business Name]
[Business Address]
[City, State, ZIP Code]
Dear [Business Owner’s Name],
I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to express my sincere appreciation and gratitude for your remarkable contributions to our community. Your unwavering dedication to making a positive difference has not gone unnoticed, and I wanted to take a moment to commend you for your exemplary efforts.
As a local business owner, you play a vital role in strengthening our community and enhancing the well-being of its residents. Your commitment to social responsibility is truly commendable, and it is evident that you prioritize the needs and interests of our community in all aspects of your business endeavors.
Moreover, I am deeply impressed by your active engagement in community events, charities, and initiatives that aim to address pressing social and environmental issues. Your willingness to lend a helping hand and support worthy causes speaks volumes about your genuine commitment to the well-being of our community.
Your contributions extend far beyond the walls of your business establishment. Through your generosity and compassion, you have fostered a sense of unity and belonging among residents and have inspired others to join you in your mission to create positive change.
I want to express my heartfelt gratitude for your tireless dedication, passion, and leadership in championing community well-being. Your efforts have not only enriched the fabric of our community but have also set a shining example for others to follow.
Thank you once again for your invaluable contributions to our community. Your efforts are deeply appreciated and serve as a beacon of hope and inspiration for us all.
With sincere gratitude and admiration,
[Your Name]
Biographical Sketch
Question 1.
Write a biographical sketch of Rameshbabu Praggnanandaa using the following information.
Full Name : Rameshbabu Praggnanandaa
Nick Name : Praggu
Date of Birth : 10 August 2005
Birth Place : Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Father : Rameshbabu
Mother : Nagalakshmi
Sister : Vaishali (elder)
Occupation / Profession : Chess player
Achievements : – Won the World Youth Chess Championship, 2013 at the age of seven
– Won the World Youth Championship in 2015
– became the youngest International Master in Chess in 2016
– Achieved his first grandmaster norm at the World Junior Chess Championship
– Earned his second grandmaster norm at GM Norm Tournament in Greece
– Became the fifth one who won the grandmaster title in 2022
– Lost to World No. 1 Magnus Carlsen in the FIDE Chess World Cup 2023 and became the youngest Runner-up of FIDE Championships
Answer:
Rameshbabu Praggnanandaa is an Indian chess grandmaster. He is a chess prodigy. His full name is Praggnanandaa Rameshbabu. His nick name is Praggu. He was born on 10 August, 2005. He was born at Chennai, Tamil Nadu. His father is Rameshbabu. His mother’s name is Nagalakshmi. His elder sister’s name is Vaishali. He is a professional chess player. He is now only 18 years old. Though he is young he has achieved a lot. He won the World Youth Chess Championship, 2013 at the age of seven. He won the World Youth Chess Championship again in 2015. He became the youngest International Chess Master in 2016. He achieved his first grandmaster norm at the World Junior Chess Championship. He earned his second grandmaster norm at GM Norm Tournament in Greece. He lost to the World No. 1 Magnus Carlsen in the FIDE World Cup’2023 and became the youngest Runner-up of FIDE Championships.
Question 2.
Write a biographical sketch of Jagdeep Dhankhar, the Vice-President of India.
Name : Jagdeep Dhankhar
Born : May 18, 1951 in Jhunjhunu district in Rajasthan
Age : 71 years
Political party : Bharatiya Janata Party
Parents : Gokal Chand and Kesari Devi
Spouse : Sudesh Dhankhar; Daughter : Kamna
Education : School education : Sainik School, Chittorgarh B.Sc and LLB from University of Rajasthan, Jaipur.
Profession : A lawyer, designated as the Senior Advocate by the High Court of Rajasthan
Occupation : Politics
Previous offices : Governor of West Bengal; Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly; Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs; Member of . Parliament (Lok Sabha); elected as the Vice-President of India in ‘ 2022
Answer:
Jagdeep Dhankhar is the present Vice-President of India. He was born on 18th May 1951 in Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan. He is now 71 years old. His parents were Gokal Chand and Kesari Devi. His wife’s name is Sudesh Dhankhar. He had his school education at Sainik School in Chittorgarh. He studied B.Sc and LLB in University of Rajasthan, Jaipur. He was a professional lawyer. He was designated as the Senior Advocate by High Court of Rajasthan. His occupation is politics. He belonged to Bharatiya Janata Party. He held many positions. He was the Governor of West Bengal. He was the Member of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. He was the Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs. He was the Member of (Lok Sabha) Parliament. He was elected as the Vice-President of India in 2022.
Question 3.
Write a biographical sketch of Smt. Nigar Shaji, the Director of the first space based project Aditya L-l launched by India to study the Sun.
Name : Nigar Shaji
Nick Name : Nigar
Date of Birth : 1964
Age : 59 years
Place of Birth : Sengottai, Tamil Nadu
Father : Sheikh Meeran; Mother: Saitoon Biwi
Education : – Post graduate in Electronics and Communications from BIT, Ranchi
– Early schooling : SRM Girls School in Sengottai
– Degree in Electronics and Communications from Madurai Kamaraj University
Profession : ISRO scientist
Joined SHAAR (Satish Dhawan Space Center) – a division of ISRO in 1987
Contribution : – Her unshakable dedication and expertise brought her to UR Rao Satellite Centre in Bengaluru
– Made significant contributions to the design and construction of Indian communication remote sensing and interplanetary satellites
– She was the Associate Project Director for the Resource Sat- 2A, a remote sensing satellite
– Became the Project Director of India’s first Solar Mission Aditya L-l and ensured its successful launch from Sriharikota on September 2, 2023
Answer:
Srimathi Nigar Shaji is the Director fo the first space project Aditya L-l launched by India to study the Sun. Her nick name is Nigar. She was born in 1964 and is now 59 years old. She was born at Sengottai in Tamil Nadu. Her father is Sheikh Meeran and her mother is Saitoon Biwi. She had her early schooling at SRM Girls School in Sengottai. She did her degree in Electronics and Communications from Madurai Kamaraj University. She is a post graduate in Electronics and Communications from BIT, Ranchi. She is an ISRO scientist by profession. She joined SHAAR (Satish Dhawan Space Centre) – a division of ISRO in 1987. Her unshakable dedication and expertise brought her to UR Rao Satellite Centre in Bengaluru. She made significant contributions to the design and construction of Indian communication remote sensing and interplanetary satellites. She was the Associate Project Director for the Resource Sat – 2A, a remote sensing satellite. She became the Project Director of India’s first Solar Mission Aditya L-l and ensured its successful launch from Sriharikota on September 2, 2023.
Question 4.
Write a biographical sketch of Smt. Draupadi Murmu, the 15th President of India.
Original Name : Puti Biranchi Tudu
Birth : 20 June 1958; Age : 64 years
Place of Birth : Uparbeda; Mayur Bhanj, Odisha
Tribe : Santhali tribal family
Father’s Name : Biranchi Narayan Tudu
Education : Elementary education : at local primary school at Uparbeda
Secondary education : Girls’ High School
Graduation : Ramadevi Women’s College Professor
Earlier profession : Professor
Married : Shyam Charan Murmu, a bank officer
Previous offices : Governor of Jharkhand; Minister of State for Fisheries and Animals; Minister of State for Commerce and Transport Sworn in as the 15th President of India on 25th July, 2022.
Answer:
Draupadi Murmu is the 15th President of India. She is the first tribal woman elected as the President of India. Her original name is Puti Biranchi Tudu. She was born on 20 June 1958. She is now 64 years old. She was born at Uparbeda, Mayur Bhanj in Odisha. She belongs to Santali tribal family. Her father’s name was Biranchi Narayan Tudu. She had her elementary education at Uparbeda. She had her secondary education in Girls’ High School. She completed her graduation from Ramadevi Women’s College. She was a professor before she entered politics. She married Shyam Charan Murmu, a bank officer. She was the Governor of Jharkhand. She was the Minister of Fisheries and Animals. She was the Minister of State for Commerce and Transport. She was sworn in as the 15th President of India on 25th July, 2022.
Framing ‘Wh’ Questions
Read the following passage carefully focussing on the underlined parts.
1. Noodle : (bowing) 0 Great and Mighty Think-Tank (A), most powerful and intelligent creature in the whole universe, what are your orders?
Think-Tank : (peevishly) (B) You left out part of my salutation, Apprentice Noodle (C)- Go over the whole thing again.
Noodle : It shall be done, sir. (in a singsong) O Great and Mighty Think-Tank (D), Ruler of Mars and her two moons, most powerful and intelligent creature in the whole universe (E)— (out of breath) what-are-your-orders?
Now frame ‘WH’ questions to get the underlined parts in the passage as answers.
Answer:
A) Who is the most powerful and intelligent creature?
B) How did he Think-Tank speak?
C) Who was asked to do the whole thing again?
D) Who is the ruler of Mars and her two moons?
E) What kind of Martian is the Think-Tank?
2. Think-Tank : That’s better, Noodle. I wish to be placed in communication with our manned space probe (A) to that ridiculous planet (B) we are going to put under our generous rulership. What do they call it again?
Noodle : Earth (C). your Intelligence.
Think-Tank : Earth (D) – of course. You see how insignificant the place is. But first, something important. My mirror. I wish to consult my mirror (E).
Now frame ‘WH’ questions to get the underlined parts in the passage as answers.
Answer:
A) What does the Think-Tank wish to do?
B) What is the Earth considered as?
C) What are they going to put under their generous rulership?
D) Which is considered to be the insignificant place?
E) What does he want to consult?
3. Noodle : (speaking into a microphone) Mars Space Control calling the crew of Probe One (A). Come in, Captain Omega (B). and give us your location.
Omega : Captain Omega to Mars Space Control. Lieutenant Iota, Sergeant Oop, and I have arrived on Earth without incident (C). We have taken shelter in this (indicates room) – this square place. Have you any idea, where we are, Lieutenant Iota?
Iota : I can’t figure it out, Captain. I’ve counted two thousand of (D) of these peculiar items. This place must be some sort of storage barn (E). What do you think, Sergeant Oop?
Now Frams ‘WH’ questions to get the underlined parts in the passage as answers.
Answer:
A) Who is the Mars Space Control calling?
B) Who is asked to give his location?
C) How have they arrived on Earth?
D) How many peculiar items are counted?
E) What does lota imagine the place must be?
4. Think-Tank : I understand now. Since Earth creatuers are always eating, the place in which you find yourselves is undoubtedly a crude refreshment stand (A).
Omega : (to Iota and Oop) He says we’re in a refreshment stand (B).
Oop : Well, the Earthlings (C), cetainly have a strange diet.
Think-Tank : That item in your hand is called a sandwich (D).
Omega : (nodding) A sandwich.
Iota : (nodding) A sandwich.
Oop : (taking book from his head) A sandwich?
Think-Tank : Sandwiches (E) are the main staple of Earth diet.
Now frame ‘WH’ questions to get the underlined parts in the passage as answers.
Answer:
A) What does Think-Tank imagine the place must be?
B) What do Iota and Oop say that they are in?
C) Who have certainly a strange diet?
D) What is the item in their hand called?
E) What are the main staple of Earth diet?
5. Iota : (dubiously) Eat it? Oh, Captain! It’s a very great honour to be the first Martian to eat a sandwich (A), I’m sure, but — but how can I be so impolite as to eat before my Sergeant (B)? Sergeant (C) Oop, I order you to eat the sandwich immediately (D).
Oop : (making a face) Who, Lieutenant? Me, Lieutenant?
Iota and Omega : (saluting) For the glory of Mars, Oop!
Oop : Yes, of course! (unhappily) Immediately. (He opens his mouth wide. Omega and Iota watch him breathlessly (E)).
Now frame ‘WH’ questions to get the underlined parts in the passage as answers.
Answer:
A) What is the great honour?
B) What is impolite?
C) What is Oop?
D) What does lota order Sergeant Oop?
E) How do lota and Omega watch him?
6. Noodle : Well, sir, I have seen surveyor films of those sandwiches (A). I noticed that the Earthlings did not eat them (B)- They used them as some sort of communication device (C).
Think-Tank : (haughtily) Naturally. That was my next point. These are actually communication sandwiches (D). Think-Tank (E) is never wrong.
Now frame ‘WH’ questions to get the underlined parts in the passage as answers.
Answer:
A) What has he seen?
B) What did he notice?
C) What did they use them as?
D) What are they actually?
E) Who is never wrong?
7. Think-Tank : (alarmed) Stop! This is no time for levity (A)- Don’t you realise the seriousness of this discovery ? The Earthlings (B) have discovered how to combine agriculture and mining (C)- They can actually grow crops of rare metals such as silver. And cockle shells. They c*m grow high explosives (D). too. Noodle, contact our invasion fleet (E).
Now frame ‘WH’ questions to get the underlined parts in the passage as answers.
Answer:
A) What is this not a time for?
B) Who have discovered how to combine agriculture and mining?
C) What have the Earthlings discovered?
D) What can they grow?
E) Whom do Think-Tank order Noodle to contact?
8. Historian : (chuckling) And that’s how one dusty old book of nursery rhymes (A) saved the world from a Martian invasion (B)- As you all know, in the twenty-fifth century, five hundred years after all this happened, we Earthlings (C) resumed contact with Mars, and we even became very friendly with the Martians. By that time, Great and Mighty Think-Tank had been replaced by a very clever Martian — the wise and wonderful (D) Noodle (E)!
Now frame ‘WH’ questions to get the underlined parts in the passage as answers.
Answer:
A) What saved the world from a Martian invasion?
B) What did the dusty old book of nursery rhymes save the world from?
C) Who resumed contact with Mars?
D) What kind of a Martian was Noodle?
E) Who had replaced Think-Tank?
Information Transfer
Question 1.
Study the following bar graph carefully and write a paragraph based on the information given in it.
Answer:
The bar graph illustrates the financial growth of a particular entity over a five-year period, revealing a consistent upward trend in revenue generation. Beginning at $500,000 in 2017, the entity experienced steady annual increases, reaching $600,000 in 2018, $700,000 in 2019, $800,000 in 2020, and peaking at $900,000 in 2021. This progressive expansion in revenue signifies the entity’s ability to adapt to market dynamics, capitalize on opportunities, and effectively manage resources.
The substantial growth observed over the years suggests successful strategic planning, sound financial management, and potentially the introduction of innovative products or services that have resonated with consumers. The bar graph underscores the entity’s resilience and capacity for sustained growth, positioning it favorably for continued success in the future.
Question 2.
Study the following pie chart carefully and write a paragraph based on the information given in it.
Answer:
The pie chart provides insights into the preferences of travelers regarding their preferred vacation destinations. Beach resorts emerge as the most favored choice, constituting 40% of the pie, indicating the’widespread appeal of coastal getaways and seaside relaxation. Mountains follow suit, representing 25% of preferences, reflecting the allure of scenic landscapes, outdoor activities, and tranquil mountain retreats among travelers. Historical cities claim a significant portion at 20%, highlighting the enduring interest in cultural exploration, heritage sites, and immersive experiences in ancient and historically rich destinations.
Theme parks secure a smaller but notable slice of the pie at 10%, showcasing the enduring popularity of amusement parks and entertainment complexes among families and thrill-seekers. Lastly, the countryside, while representing a smaller proportion at 5%, still captures the interest of travelers seeking tranquility, rural experiences, and connections with nature. The pie chart illuminates the diverse preferences and varied interests of travelers, reflecting the multitude of options available for memorable and enriching vacation experiences.
Question 3.
Study the following table carefully and write a paragraph based on the information given in it,
Causes of Road Accidents in India
| Causes of Road Accidents |
Number of Incidents |
| Speeding |
8500 |
| Drunk Driving |
5200 |
| Distracted Driving |
3700 |
| Poor Road Conditions |
2800 |
| Reckless Overtaking |
2500 |
Answer:
The table presents a breakdown of the causes of road accidents in India, shedding light on the factors contributing to traffic incidents across the country. Speeding emerges as the leading cause, with a staggering 8500 incidents reported, indicating the pervasive issue of excessive speed among drivers on Indian roads. Following closely behind is drunk driving, accounting for 5200 accidents, highlighting the significant dangers posed by driving under the influence of alcohol. Distracted driving, with 3700 ’ incidents, underscores the risks associated with divided attention while operating vehicles.
Poor road conditions contribute to 2800 accidents, emphasizing the importance of infrastructure maintenance and road safety measures. Reckless overtaking, responsible for 2500 accidents, highlights the need for better enforcement of traffic regulations and responsible driving practices. The table underscores the multifaceted nature of road safety challenges in India, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive measures to address these issues and improve traffic safety nationwide.
