Class 7

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 13 Seed Dispersal Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Science Solutions 13th Lesson Seed Dispersal

7th Class Science 13th Lesson Seed Dispersal Textbook Questions and Answers

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Question 1.
What happens if seeds are not dispersed?
Answer:

1. Seeds dispersal is essential for the survival of plants.
2. If seeds are not dispersed, there will be competition with the mother plant for air, water and minerals.
3. Most of the seeds won’t germinate.
4. If seed dispersal is not there, we can’t see different plants in different areas.
5. If seed dispersal is not there, we can see only a few plants in our surroundings.

Question 2.
How are the seeds dispersed in caltropis?
Answer:

1. Caltropis seeds are dispersed through wind.
2. Caltropis seeds have light and hairy structure at one end.
3. They travel with wind and settle at a suitable place to germinate.

Question 3.
Why do most of the coconut trees grow along the seashore?
Answer:

1. Coconut fruit floats on water and moves from one place to another.
2. The outer covering of the coconut seed has empty spaces filled with air and are fibrous.
3. This is the reason for coconut fruit to float on water.
4. When the coconut fruit reaches ground it germinates there.
5. That’s why usually coconut trees grow along the seashores.

Question 4.
Do you find any relationship between the weight of the seeds and the dispersal mechanism? Discuss with suitable examples.
Answer:

1. I find relationship between the weight of the seeds and the dispersal mechanism.
2. For example: Seeds of caltropis.
   a) These are light and have hairy structure at one end.
   b) So they travel with wind and settle at a suitable place to germinate.
   c) Milkweed, cotton seeds etc., are all dispersed by wind.
3. Another example: coconut fruit
4. a) The outer covering of the seed has empty spaces filled with air and are fibrous.
   b) The coconut fruit floats in water and reaches the ground somewhere. There it germinates.
   c) Seeds of lotus is another example.
5. Another example: Neejn fruit.
   a) Birds like Bulbuls, Mynahs, crows eat the outer fleshy part gets digested in the food canal and the seed coats of them become tender.
   b) They are then dispersed to other places as bird droppings.
6. Similarly animals, Human beings carry the seeds to other places.

Question 5.
Ravali said “Dispersal of seed is very important in nature”. Is she correct? Why do you support her?
Answer:
Yes, It is correct I support her because

1. The seeds of a plant should be dispersed to different places for the plants of the – same species to be grown there.
2. As a result of this dispersal, there will not be competition for space, air and other nutrients between the mother plant and daughter plants.
3. Plants Of any species will not be populated at one particular place but will be distributed to different places.

Question 6.
Collect the information in the following table and discuss the reasons.
Answer:

Agents of dispersal	Name of the seed / Fruit
By wind	Caltropics, Milk weed
By water	Coconut fruit, water plants
By animal	Seeds of grass plants
By bird	Neem fruits
By man	Tomatoes, sugarcane, wheat, pulses etc.
By any other	Bhendi, Mustard, Kankambaram

Question 7.
Some seeds like soap nuts have very hard shell? Why is it so?
Answer:

1. Soap nuts will be transported to different places by any means.
2. During the transport, the seed must be intact without any damage.
3. Some birds may swallow it and come out as a dropping on the way of their flight. It is in a very hard shell, the seed is not damaged.

Question 8.
Nowadays people want to eat sprouts. List out the reasons why they take sprouts as food.
Answer:

1. Sprouts contain many nutrients needed for human body.
2. Sprouts do not contain harmful contents that cause damage to the health of human beings.
3. Sprouts give not only energy but also health to human beings.
4. These are the main reasons for people to eat sprouts now-a-days.

Question 9.
Collect some seeds sow them in a particular place in your school garden. Observe how many days each type of seed takes to germinate. Tabulate your observations.
Answer:
The student can do it.

Question 10.
Collect Tadi seeds and make a model. Display them in your School.
Answer:
The student can do it with the help of the teacher.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Science Solutions 12th Lesson Reproduction in Plants

7th Class Science 12th Lesson Reproduction in Plants Textbook Questions and Answers

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Question 1.
Do all flowers have same parts? Give examples of some flowers and explain your answer.
Answer:

1. All flowers do not have the same parts.
2. The stamens are the male reproductive part and the Pistil is the female reproductive part..
3. The flowers which contain either only the pistil or only the stamens are called unisexual flowers.
   Eg: Corn, papaya, cucumber … etc.
4. The flowers which contain both stamens and pistil are called bisexual flowers.
   Eg: Mustard, rose, petunia …. etc.
5. A flower that has four or more whorls is called a complete flower.
   Eg: Datura, ipomea, Hibiscus … etc.
6. A flower in which any of these four whorls is missing is an incomplete flower.
   Eg: cucumber, bottle gourd, papaya.

Question 2.
Differentiate between
a. Bisexual flowers, Unisexual flowers.
b. Complete flower, incomplete flower.
c. Male flower, female flower.
d. Sexual reproduction, Asexual Reproduction.
e. Self pollination, Cross pollination.
Answer:
a)

1. Bisexual flowers: A flower that has both stamens and pistil is called bisexual flower.
   eg: Datura, hibiscus, ipomea etc.
2. Unisexual flowers: A flower which has either stamens or pistil is called unisexual flower.
   eg: Cucumber, bottlegourd, bittergourd etc.

b)

1. Complete flowers: A flower that has four or more whorls is called a complete flower.
   eg: Datura, ipomea, hibiscus… etc.
2. Incomplete flowers: A flower which has either stamens or pistil is called unisexual flower.
   eg: Cucumber, bottlegourd, bittergourd etc.

c)

1. Male flower: The flowers which has stamens (androecium) only are male flowers.
2. Female flower: The flowers which has pistil (gynoecium) only are female flowers.

d)

1. Sexual reproduction: New plants are obtained from seeds. New individual has characters of both the parents.
2. Asexual reproduction: Plants can give rise to new plants without seeds. Characters of the new individual are the same as that of the only parent.

e)

1. Self pollination: In self pollination pollen grains of the same flower reaches the stigma. No Agency is required.
2. Cross pollination: In cross pollination, the pollen grains of another flower either on same or other plant reaches the stigma. Agencies are required.

Question 3.
What happens when a pollen grain falls on a stigma?
Answer:

1. When a pollen grain falls on a stigma the pollen grain germinates and a pollen tube comes out.
2. The pollen tube grows and approaches through the style to ovary, carrying male ‘ gametes with it, where it enters the ovule.
3. Inside the ovule, there is a female gamete or egg.
4. The male gamete fuses with the female gamete.
5. This process is called fertilization.

Question 4.
What helps to bring pollen grains to the stigma?
Answer:
Agencies like water, wind, air, animals, humans and insects help to bring pollen grains to the stigma.

Question 5.
Explain the method of sexual reproduction in plants.
Answer:
Sexual reproduction in plants:

1. New plants are obtained from seeds.
2. Two parents are required to produced an individual.
3. Takes place with the help of specialised sex cells.
4. New individual has the characters of both the parents.

Question 6.
Can plants produce new plants even without seeds ? Explain the methods with examples.
Answer:

1. Plants can give rise to new plants without seeds.
2. The new individual comes from a single parent.
3. No sex cells are required.
4. Characters of the new individual are same as that of the only parent.
5. A potato has a number of small depressions on its surface. These are called eyes.
6. Cut the potato into pieces such that there is an eye in each piece, If it is put in a cup containing soil and water we find potato plants sprout.
7. We find baby plants on the edge of the leaves of the plant Bryophyllum.
8. We grow plants like rose, hibiscus and Jasmine by cutting a small branch and planting them in the soil.

Question 7.
Draw the diagram of any flower showing its parts.
Answer:

Question 8.
Do all plants reproduce in the same way? Explain with examples.
Answer:

1. All plants do not reproduce in the same way. Given below the plants and their parts which can reproduce.
2. Vegetative reproduction in some plants.
   

   Plant	Part of the plant
   Sweet potato, dahlia, carrot, turnip, radish	New plants grow from the modified root.
   Potato	New plants grow from eyes in the tuber which is a modified stem.
   Onion, garlic, tuberose, lilies, gladioli	New plants grow from bulbs, or corms (gladioli), which are modified stems.
   Bryophyllum (sprout leaf plant), begonia	New plants grow from buds on the leaf
   Sugarcane	Stem grows roots, at the nodes
   Mint, strawberry, chrysanthemum, raspberry	Stem creeps along the ground and strikes roots at the nodes.

Question 9.
Karthik saw a cucumber plant in the kitchen garden. He identified two types of flowers – some flowers had a small swollen structure behind them while some did not. He removed all the flowers which did not have the swollen structure behind them thinking that they were of no use.

• Which flowers did he remove?
• What are the flowers which had a small fruit behind them?

Answer:

1. Karthik removed all the male flowers which did not haye swollen structures.
2. He felt that these flowers were of no use.
3. Female flowers had a small fruit behind them..

Question 10.
What are the agents of pollination?
Answer:
Air, water, animals, insects, humans act as agents of pollination.

Question 11.
Differentiate between self pollination and cross pollination.
Answer:

Self Pollination	Cross Pollination
In self pollination pollen grains of the same flower reaches the stigma.	In cross ppllination, the pollen grain of another flower either on the same or other plant reaches the stigma.
No agents are required	Agents like wind, water, animals, insects are required.
Occurs only in bisexual flowers	Occurs in unisexual flowers, under monoecious / diecious conditions.

Question 12.
Name the parts of the following plants from which they propogate vegetatively
a) Potato b) Bryophyllum
Answer:
a) Potato:

1. It has a number of small depressions on its surface. These are known as eyes.
2. Potato plants sprout through these eyes.

b) Bryophyllum: 1) on the edge of the leaves of Bryophyllum, the plant Bryophyllum reproduces.

Question 13.
What am I?
a) I am formed by the fusion of male and female parts.
b) I am a part of the plant that can travel a long distance and grow to a baby – plant.
Answer:
a) Zygote is formed by the fusion of male and female parts.
b) Seed.

Question 14.
Fill in the blanks.
a) Flowers containing both male and female parts are called ……….
b) Pollen grain from the anther of one flower that reaches the stigma of another flower is called ……….
c) From ………. part of Bryophyllum new plants are produced.
d) Agents of pollination are ……….
e) Transfer of pollen grain from anther to stigma is called ……….
Answer:
a) Bisexual flowers
b) Cross-Pollination
c) leaves
d) Air, water, animals, insects, humans
e) Pollination

Question 15.
Match the following.

Answer:

Question 16.
Observe the following figures. What difference do you observe? Write in your notebook.
(OR)
Look at the pitcure ‘a’ and ‘b’. Write the process of pollination seen in both.

Answer:

1. Fig a: This figure represents the self – pollination taking place.
2. Fig b: This figure represents the cross- pollination taking place.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids and Bases Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Science Solutions 2nd Lesson Acids and Bases

7th Class Science 2nd Lesson Acids and Bases Textbook Questions and Answers

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Question 1.
The sting of a wasp is basic. How can we treat the sting of a wasp?
Answer:

1. The sting of wasp is basic. So it should be treated with an acid to neutralize it.
2. Acetic acid may be taken and rubbed on the place where wasp put its sting.

Question 2.
Why are acids not stored in a metal container?
Answer:

1. Acids react with metals releasing hydrogen.
2. To avoid this acids are not stored in metal containers.

Question 3.
Acidic, basic and neutral solutions are given in three test tubes and you are given a strip of red litmus. How will you identify the three solutions?
Answer:

1. Red litmus strip is dipped in the solutions contained in the three test tubes one after another.
2. The solution in which red litmus is turned into blue is considered as base.
3. The solution in which this blue litmus is turned into red is considered as an acid.
4. The solution in which either red or blue litmus does not change its colour is neutral solution.

Question 4.
When drops of lemon juice are put on blue litmus it turns red, what will happen if you put some drops of soap solution on the same position on litmus paper?
Answer:

1. Lemon juice is acidic. So blue litmus turned into red when drops of this juice are put on blue litmus.
2. Soap solution is basic in nature. So when drops of soap solution are put on the same position of the litmus paper, the litmus paper slowly changes into blue colour.

Question 5.
What happens when Nitric acid is added to egg shell?
Answer:
When Nitric acid is added to egg shell carbon dioxide gas is released.

Question 6.
Turmeric stains on white clothes, when washed with soap, turn red. Why?
Answer:

1. Turmeric is a natural indicator.
2. It turns red when soap water is put in touch with it.
3. So turmeric stains on white clothes, when washed with soap, turn red.

Question 7.
Ammonia is present in window cleaners. It turns red litmus blue. What is its nature?
Answer:
Ammonia has basic nature.

Question 8.
What is the nature of urea? Is it acidic / basic / neutral? How can we verify it? Urea is basic in nature. It turns red litmus to blue litmus.
Answer:
Red litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains red.

Question 9.
What is the nature of the solution? Explain your answer.
Answer:

1. The solution may be neutral or acidic.
2. Red litmus remains unchanged when dipped in acidic solution or neutral solution.

Question 10.
What is the effect of basic substances on turmeric paper?
Answer:
The turmeric paper turns red when basic substances come in touch with the turmeric paper.

Question 11.
Can flowers and turmeric papers also be called indicators? Why?
Answer:

1. Flowers and turmeric papers are natural indicators.
2. These change their colour based on the nature of the material put on them.

Question 12.
Correct the statement if it is wrong:
a) Indicators show different colours in acidic and basic solutions.
b) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red.
c) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of base.
Answer:
a) Indicators show different colours in acidic and basic solutions.
b) Sodium hydroxide turns red litmus blue.
c) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of acid.

Question 13.
Take vinegar, lemon juice, soapy water, baking soda in different vessels. Put beetroot pieces in the vessels. Predict what happens? Verify your prediction by observing the changes. After 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes record your observations. What do you conclude?
Answer:
The following are our predictions. These are found to be true when verified.

S.No.	Acid	Base
1.	Vinegar	Soapy water
2.	Lemon juice	Baking soda

Question 14.
Visit a doctor. Find out the medicines she prescribes to treat acidity. Ask her how acidity can be naturally prevented. Prepare a report.
Answer:

1. Acidity arises due to hydrochloric acid present in the stomach.
2. Acidity results in indigestion and a burning sensation in the stomach. Even it may cause headache.
3. To treat acidity doctors give antacids. These will give relief from acidity and indigestion.
4. Antacids contain sodium hydrogen carbonate. When these antacids are taken orally, they react with the hydrochloric acid present in the stomach and reduces its strength.
5. Milk of magnesia is one such antacid.
6. Eating at irregular intervals, skipping meals and eating too quickly are more reasons. Certain foods like tomatoes, lime juice, and oranges could also lead to acidity.
7. Lack of exercise and stress also results in acidity or heart burn. Hence, the best way to avoid acidity is to avoid the factors that cause it.
8. It is a must to avoid fried and oily foods, and one must drink plenty of water, at least 8-10 glasses everyday.
9. Yogurt helps in easy digestion of food.

Question 15.
Prepare red cabbage juice by boiling a piece of red cabbage in water. Use it as an indicator and test acidic and basic solutions with it. Present your observations in the form of a table.
Answer:

1. Red cabbage is cut into quarters. It is placed in a pot with a cupful of water and boiled.
2. After about fifteen to twenty minutes, turn off the stove.
3. Cut some plain white paper toweling into small strips. When the pots contents have cooled, transfer the cabbage water to a glass and dip several strips into it.
4. Place them on a wax paper to dry.
5. Let the cabbage water sit in the glass for several days in a warm, sunny spot in the home until a lot of water has evaporated.
6. This will mean the cabbage water that remains is more concentrated.
7. Dip strips of paper towel into this concentrated solution and lay them on a wax paper to dry.
8. Use this home made litmus paper to test lemon juice (an acid) and baking soda mixed with water (a base).
9. The observations are recorded.
   

   S.no	Acid		Base
   1.	Vinegar		Baking soda
   2.	Lemon		Soap
   3.	Apple		Milk of Magnesia
   4.	Tomato		Ammonia
   5.	Banana		Egg
   6.	Milk		Caustic soda
   water is neutral

Question 16.
Collect different flowers and prepare their natural indicators with the help of filter papers.
Answer:
Cut flower petals into strips or chop them in a blender. Place the cut pieces into a beaker or cup. Add just enough water to cover the plant material. Boil until the colour is removed from the plant. Filter the liquid into another container, such as a petri dish. Discard the plant matter. Saturate clean filter paper with the flower solution. Allow the filter paper to dry. You can cut the coloured paper with scissors to make pH test strips. Ex: Hibiscus, poinsettia, roses, etc.

Question 17.
Test the nature of lemon juice and milk sample with the help of natural indicators prepared from different flowers. Explain their nature.
Answer:
a) The petals of Hibiscus are taken as a natural indicator.
b) Their colour changed to red colour when tested with lemon juice.
c) This indicated that lemon juice is an acid.
d) The colour of the petals of Hibiscus remains unchanged when tested with milk.
e) This indicates that milk is neutral.

Question 18.
How do you feel about nature? Is it a big natural laboratory that contains innumerable indicators?
Answer:

1. Nature is beyond the analysis of man.
2. Nature is a big laboratory where several wonderful things happen. Only few will come to our observation.
3. Not only flowers, even leaves of plants also behave like indicators showing the changes and indicating the presence of different substances.
4. The fall of acid rain will be indicated by both flowers and leaves of certain plants.
5. What is different from the existing immediately these indicators show their entry.

Question 19.
Choose the correct answer.
a) To protect tooth decay we are advised to brush our teeth regularly. The nature of the tooth paste commonly used is
i) Acidic
ii) Neutral
iii) Basic
iv) Baking soda
Answer:
iii) Basic

b) Which of the following is acidic in nature?
i) Lemon juice
ii) Baking soda
iii) Lime water
iv) Antacid
Answer:
i) Lemon juice

Question 20.
Match the following.

Answer:

Question 21.
Why industrial wastes are neutralised before releasing into water?
Answer:
The industrial wastes are neutralised before disposting into water bodies because, factory wastes often contain acid, if it reaches a river, the acid will kill aquatic life and thus brings damage to the entire ecosystem.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 1 Food Components Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Science Solutions 1st Lesson Food Components

7th Class Science 1st Lesson Food Components Textbook Questions and Answers

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Question 1.
Make a list of food items eaten during lunch by you. Try to mention the components in each food item.
Answer:
The following food items are eaten by me during lunch. The components in each food item are also given. The percentage of these components may vary from one food item to another.

Question 2.
Manjula eats only bread and omelette daily. Do you think it is a balanced diet? Why? or why not?
Answer:

1. Bread and omelette can not be called as balanced diet.
2. Balanced diet contains all food components every day in adequate quantity.
3. Diet containing food items having more of carbohydrates and proteins along with a little fat, vitamins and minerals makes a balanced diet.

Question 3.
Make a list of food items that contain all components of food.
Answer:

1. If we can eat dal, rice, rotis, green vegetables, little oil and jaggery all the food requirements of the body are fulfilled.
2. The above foods should be cooked in a proper way.

Question 4.
Who am I?
a) I am a component of food that makes paper translucent.
b) Put a drop of me on a cut potato. It turns dark blue. Who am I?
Answer:
a) Oil makes paper translucent.
b) Dilute iodine solution drop on a cut of potato turns it dark blue or black.

Question 5.
Explain what will happen if we do not include roughage in our food.
Answer:

1. Roughages are a kind of carbohydrate that our body fails to digest.
2. They help in free bowel movement in the digestive tract and prevent constipation.

Question 6.
Test the given food items and record the type of components that are present in them. (Groundnut, cooked dal, pulusu).
Answer:
1. Groundnut:
a)

1. Take a small quantity of groundnuts. Rub them gently on a piece of paper.
2. The paper turns translucent, so groundnut contains fats.

b)

1. Some groundnuts are taken. They are grinded to powder and the powder is taken in a test tube.
2. 10 drops of water is added to the powder in the test tube.
3. 2 gms. of copper sulphate is dissolved in 100 ml of water. We get 2% copper sulphate solution.
4. 10 gms. of sodium hydroxide is dissolved in 100 ml. of water. We get 10% sodium hydroxide solution.
5. 2 drops of 2% copper sulphate solution and 10 drops of 10% sodium hydroxide solution are added to the groundnut solution already prepared.
6. The colour of the solution changes to purple confirming the presence of protein in groundnut.

2. Cooked Dal:

1. A sample of cooked dal solution is taken.
2. 10 drops of this solution is taken in a test tube.
3. 2 drops of 2% copper sulphate solution and 10 drops of 10% sodium hydroxide solution are added to the dal solution taken in the test tube.
4. The colour of the solution changes to purple confirming the presence of protein in cooked dal.
5. This test confirms the presence of proteins in larger amounts as compared to others.

3. Pulusu:

1. A sample pulusu solution is taken in a test tube.
2. If a drop of it is put on a paper, the paper becomes translucent confirming the presence of fat in pulusu.
3. It responds to protein test and starch test.
4. Pulusu is a mixture of all these components of food.

Question 7.
Draw some food items of your diet and explain why you like them.
Answer:
a)

1. These are the food items I like for breakfast.
2. These are tasty and smaller amounts give enough energy to maintain the strength of the body till lunch.
3. These items contain carbohydrates, proteins, fibres and fats (in some items) all of which make them near balanced diet.

b)

1. These are some of the food items of my diet and I like them because they make a balanced diet.
2. Combination of the items mentioned in the flow chart makes the food very tasty.
3. This diet contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins also.
4. These food items not only give strength to the body and mind but also help in the growth of some body parts.
5. In growing children this diet supports their growth also.

Question 8.
If you were invited to a party with many food items in the menu like Rice, Roti, Puri, Idly, Dosa, Samosa, Dal, Green Salad, Vegetable Curry, Fruit Chat, Chicken Curry, Eggs, Gulab Jamun.
a) What food items would come on to your plate to make your diet a balanced one?
b) What food items would you take plenty, adequately?
Answer:
a) To make my diet a balanced one, the following food items would come to my plate.

1. A diet containing all the nutrients and other components in proper proportion is called balanced diet. So rice, roti, dal, vegetable curry, fruit chat, chicken curry would come to my plate.

b)

1. I take the following food items in plenty. Vegetable curry, fruit chat, green salad.
2. I take the following food items adequately. Dal, dosa, idly etc.

Question 9.
How is water useful to our body?
Answer:

1. Water helps the food to move easily in the digestive tract.
2. Water helps in many other processes in our body as well.
3. So we must drink plenty of water.

Question 10.
Fill in the blanks.
a) If our food is not balanced with proper nutrients we may ——–.
b) Fibres in our diet prevents ——–.
c) Our daily diet should include plenty of ——–.
d) Oils and fats give us ——–.
Answer:
a) lose the resistive power of our body
b) constipation
c) fruits and leafy vegetables.
d) energy

Question 11.
Match the following and give the reasons.

Answer:

1. Fibre of food causes weight to food and also makes bulk forming.
2. Protein is a body building material which construct new cells.
3. Vitamins & minerals are called Micro-nutrients.
4. Carbohydrates which release chemical energy during oxidation.

Question 12.
Prepare a balanced diet chart with the help of your group and exhibit in your classroom science fair.
Answer:

For a balanced diet the following food items are important.

1. Rice
2. Wheat
3. Lemon
4. Egg
5. Cabbage
6. Amaranth
7. Roselle
8. Drumsticks
9. Bottlegourd
10. Beans
11. Milk
12. Carrot
13. Curd
14. Lady’s finger
15. Tomato etc.

Question 13.
Prepare ‘kichidi’ with your mother’s help using all kinds of available vegetables, dais, nuts etc. Write a note on the process of making kichidi.
Answer:

1. A dish is taken.
2. Suitable quantities of beaten rice, groundnut seeds, bengal gram dal are all taken in the dish. Available vegetables are taken and cut into pieces. Sufficient number of pieces are also added in the dish.
3. The mixture is fried by putting oil and keeping it on the flame of a stove.
4. After the mixture is fried it is transferred into a vessel.
5. Again the dish is taken and sufficient amounts of mustard, cumin seeds, pieces of chilli are put in it.
6. A small piece of asafoetida is also added to the contents in the dish.
7. Sufficient oil is taken in another dish and is heated by putting the dish on the flame of the stove.
8. When oil is heated to the desired temperature, the contents in the dish are put in the oil.
9. Wait till the contents are fried well.
10. Remove the contents and mix them with the mixture already stored in the vessel.
11. The total mixture of all the components is ‘kichidi’.

Question 14.
Observe whether your mother cooks on a low or high flame. Discuss with your mother and find out the reason.
Answer:

1. My mother cooks on a low flame.
2. The reason is the nutritional values of the food will be dried up if cooked on a high flame.
3. Micro-nutrients also disappear. So cooking is done of low flame only.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Important Questions Unit 6

7th Class English Important Questions Unit 6

Section – A: Reading Comprehension

A. Reading

1. Read the following passage carefully.
Father was sitting under the hall lamp and reading the newspaper. He looked over the newspaper and said, “Swami, listen to this: News has been received about the bravery of a village lad who was returning home by the jungle path. While he was in the middle of the jungle, he came face to face with a tiger.” The newspaper gave a detailed account of the boy’s fight with the tiger. It also described how the boy flew up a tree where he stayed half a day. At last some people came that way and killed the tiger.
Now answer the following questions.
1) What was father doing?
2) What did father read in the newspaper?
3) Who was father speaking to?
4) What happened to the boy?
5) How did the boy escape from the tiger?
Answer:
1) Father was reading a newspaper.
2) Father read about a young boy who had fought bravely with a tiger.
3) Father was speaking to Sawmi, his son.
4) One day when he was travelling through a jungle he came face to face with a tiger. He bravely fought with a tiger.
5) The boy flew up a tree and he stayed half a day. At last some people came that way and killed the tiger. Thus the boy escaped from the tiger.

2. Read the following passage carefully.
“You think you know better than the newspaper?” Father said crossly. “A man may have the strength of an elephant and yet be a coward. “Another may be a mere skeleton; but if he has real courage, he can do anything. Courage is everything; strength and age don’t matter much.” “How can that be?” said Swami. “Suppose I had a lot of courage, but what could do if a tiger attacked me?”
Now answer the following questions.
1) Who does ‘you’ here refer to?
2) What does father say about courage?
3) Have strength and age anything to do with courage?
4) What is Swami’s belief about courage?
5) Do you think Swami is brave? How can you say?
Answer:
1) ‘You’ here refers to Swami.
2) Father says strength has nothing to do with courage weak people may be courageous and
strong people may not be courageous.
3) Strength and age have nothing to do with courage.
4) Swami believes that though people are courageous they can not face risks and dangers.
5) No. Swami is not courageous. He feels that he is courageous but he Says he can not face and fight with a tiger.

3. Read the following passage.
“Can you prove you have courage?” said Father with a scowl. “Let me see if you can sleep alone tonight in my office room.”
Swami had always slept beside his granny in the porch. The two always had their beds side by side. Any change in this arrangement kept him trembling and awake all night.
He hoped at first that Father was only joking. He tried to change the topic by saying, “Father, our captain says we shall have some elders also in our cricket club. He has asked me to tell you.” “We’ll see about that later,” Father cut in. “Hereafter you must sleep alone.” “From the first of next month, I’ll sleep alone,” Swami said very humbly, trying to please Father.“No, you must do it right from today,” Father said sternly. “Sleeping beside Granny or Mother like a baby is disgraceful. You are now in the Fifth Standard and I don’t like the way you are being brought up.”
Now answer the following questions.
1) What should Swami do to prove his courage?
2) Where does Swami always sleep?
3) “Any change in this arrangement kept him-trembling and awake all night.” – What does this tell us about Swami?
4) Why did father insist Swami to sleep alone?
5) What is disgraceful?
Answer:
1) Swami should sleep lonely in his father’s office room to prove his courage.
2) Swami always sleeps beside his grandmother in the Verandah.
3) This tells us that Swami is timid.
4) Swami’s wanted to make his to son courageous by making him sleep alone at night.
5) Sleeping beside his mother or grandmo’ther is disgraceful for a boy like Swami.

4. Read the following passage.
“Get up, Swami,” Father commanded. He looked like a ghost in the semi-darkness of the porch. Swami stirred and groaned as if in sleep.“Get up, Swami,” said Father a second time. “Why do you disturb him?” Granny pleaded.
“Get up, Swami,” said Father for the third time and Swami got up.
Father rolled up his bed, took it under his arm and said, “Come with me.”
Swami looked at Granny, hesitated for a moment, and then followed his father into the office room. “Let me sleep in the hall, Father,” Swami pleaded. “Your office room is very dusty and there may be scorpions behind your law books.”
“There are no scorpions, boy. You can sleep on the bench if you like.”
“Can I have a lamp burning in the room?”
“No. You must learn to be brave. You must not be afraid of darkness; it is only a question of habit.” It Will you at least leave the door open?” Swami said very humbly.
Now answer the following questions.
1) “Swami stirred and groaned as if in sleep” – What does this tell us? Was Swami really in sleep?
2) What do you understand about father after reading this passage?
3) “Swamy looked at Granny” – Why did Swami look at Granny?
4) What complaints did Swami make against sleep in his father’s room?
5) Why did father insist Swami to sleep in his office room?
Answer:
1) Swami was pretending that he was sleeping. Actually he was not sleeping.
2) Father is obstinate and commanding. He does not listen to any suggestions from anyone, if he decides to do anything.
3) Supposing that his grandmother would at least persuade his father not to make him sleep alone, Swami looked at his grandmother.
4) Swami complained that his father’s office room was dusty and there might be some scorpions behind his law books.
5) Father wishes that Swami should not be afraid of darkness. So he insisted Swami to sleep lonely in his office room.

5. Read the following passage.
Swami was pained and angry. He did not like the cruelty his father was showing. He cursed the newspaper that had printed the tiger’s story. He wished that the tiger had not spared the boy.
The night advanced and the silence in the house deepened. Swami’s heart began to beat faster. He remembered all the stones of devils and ghosts he had heard. He was almost faint with fear.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Why was Swami pained and angry?
2) What did he not like?
3) Why did he curse the newspaper?
4) Why did the boy wish that the tiger had not spared the boy?
5) What made Swami almost faint?
Answer:
1) Usually he used to sleep beside his grandmother in the verandah. But now he was forced to sleep alone in his father’s office room. This made Swami pained and angry.
2) Swami did not like the cruelty his father shown in making him sleep alone.
3) If the newspaper had not published the story of a brave boy, there would not have been a discussion about his courage and his father would not have asked him to sleep alone. So Swami cursed the newspaper for publishing the story of the brave boy.
4) If the tiger had not spared the boy and killed him, then the story would have been different, there would not have been a discussion, about courage and bravery between Swami and his father. So Swami wished that the tiger had not spared the boy.
5) 1) Swami was alone in the room.
2) The darkness and silence of the room made him frightened.
3) He remembered the stories of devils.
4) All these things made him almost faint with fear.

6. Read the following passage.
He heard a little rustling noise in the room.
“What can this be?” thought Swami and slowly opened his eyes.
Something was moving in the darkness. Swami lay gazing at it in horror. He was certain – that his end had come. The devil would soon pull him out and tear him to pieces!
“So what is the use of waiting?” Swami thought.
As it came nearer, Swami crawled out from under the bench. At once he clutched its leg and dug his teeth in.
There was a painful cry: “Aiyo! Something has bitten me.” Then there was heavy tumbling and falling amidst furniture. Everyone in the house was awakened by the loud noise. In a moment, Father and a servant came running with a light.
Now answer the following questions.
1) What was the rustling noise he heard?
2) Who does ‘he1 here refer to?
3) ‘What can this be?’ – What did Swami think it could be?
4) “So what is the use of waiting?” – What did Swami do? Why did he do so though he was timid?
5) “Aiyo! Something has bitten me.” – Who made this cry? What had bitten him?
Answer:
1) The burglar must have stepped on some papers, So it must have made a rustling stone.
2) ‘He’ here refers to Swami.
3) Swami thought that it could be a devil.
4) 1) Swami thought it was a devil. He thought it would drag him from under the bench and tear him into pieces the devil.
2) But he did not want to give a chance to harm him.
3) Whenever you are in a danger or risk, you should not let it to consume you. With your spontaneity and right-thinking at right time, you’ve to attack and try to overcome it. So Swami also did the right thing by biting the burglar hard.
5) The burglar made that cry. Swami had bitten him.

7. Read the following passage.
The next day was a day of congratulations for Swami. His classmates looked at him with respect. His teacher patted his back for his courage and bravery. The headmaster said that he was a true scout. Swami had bitten into the knee of a notorious house-breaker and the police were grateful to him.
Now answer the following questions.
1) Why was Swami congratulated?
2) How was he treated at school?
3) What was Swami patted for by the teachers?
4) How did the headmaster praise Swami?
5) Why were the police grateful to him?
Answer:
1) Swami was congratulated for catching a notorious criminal.
2) At school his classmates looked at him with respect and his teachers patted his back for his courage and bravery.
3) His teachers patted Swami for his courage and bravery.
4) The headmaster praised Swami as a true scout.
5) Swami caught a notorious house-breaker by biting his knee. So the police were grateful to him.

B. Reading

1. Read the following lines.

My plane was just about to crash.
So, I grabbed my bag and
Took out my big blue parachute
to glide me down and land.
At last, I found a spot to land.
But there was a big breeze.
And so, I had to painfully
land on these sharp pine trees.
I was then filled with bruises as a pine fell on my ear.
I sat down on the ground to rest.
Now answer the following questions.
1) What was going to happen?
2) How did the poet want to save himself?
3) What was the problem in landing?
4) What happened when the poet landed on the pine tree?
5) What did the poet do finally?
Answer:
1) The poet’s plane was going to crash.
2) with the help of a parachute
3) There was a big breeze and so the poet had to land painfully on the sharp pine trees.
4) When he landed on the pine trees he was wounded and there were bruises on hip body.
5) Finally he sat down on the ground to rest.

Additional Questions (i):
1) What happened to the plane?
2) How did the speaker use the parachute?
3) Where did the poet land?
4) Why Wouldn’t he land on the selected spot?
5) What is the colour of the parachute?
Answer:
1) The plane was about to crash.
2) for gliding down
3) He landed on the sharp pine trees.
4) because there was a big breeze
5) The parachute is in blue colour.

Additiional Questions (ii):
1) Who does T here refer to?
2) What did the speaker do when his plane was about to crash?
3) Why did he take out his parachute?
4) Why had he to land painfully?
5) What did he find at last?
6) What was the adventure He did?
7) Pick out the rhyming words.
Answer:
1) ‘I’ here refers to an imaginative boy.
2) He took his parachute out of his bag and jumped out of the crashing plane.
3) He took out his parachute thinking that it would help him glide down to ground.
4) There was a big breeze. Parachute was unable to land on a safe place so he had to land painfully.
5) At last he found a spot on the land.
6) He jumped out of the crashing plane and reached to the ground safely with the help of a parachute.
7) and – land; breeze – trees;

2. Read the following stanza.
I was then filled with bruises as
a pine fell on my ear.
I sat down on the ground to rest.
A thorn then poked me.
I slept on the ground frantically.
Mosquitoes bit my nose.
Bugs crept all over me
and tickled my body.

Now answer the follpwing questions.
1) Why was he filled with bruises?
2) Why did he sit down on the ground?
3) What poked him?
4) Which line in the stanza suggests that the speaker was dreaming?
5) What do you think that thorn could be?
6) How did he sleep?
7) What does the word ’frantically’ mean?
8) What crept all over his body?
9) What tickled his body?
10) Which word in the stanza gives the meaning of “an injury.”
Answer:
1) He landed on the sharp pine trees. So he was filled with bruises.
2) He sat on the ground to take rest.
3) A thorn poked him.
4) The line “I had to painfully land on these sharp pine trees.” Suggests us that he was dream¬ing.
5) Actually he was in a deep sleep. The thorn that poked him could be a sting of a mosquito.
6) He slept anxiously.
7) The word ‘frantically’ means ‘very anxiously’.
8) Some bugs crept all over his body.
9) The bugs which crept all over his body tickled his body.
10) bruises

3. Read the following stanza.

I scratched myself when I woke up,
appearing like a fool.
And after the whole thing I thought
I’d rather go to school.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Why did he scratch himself?
2) Why did the speaker feel like a fool?
3) What did the speaker finally want to do?
4) ‘And after the whole thing’ – What does’ the whole thing’ here mean?
5) List out the rhyming words in the stanza.
Answer:
1) He scratched himself to know whether it was real or he was in dream.
2) The speaker felt like a fool because he had dreamed a nasty adventure, which he actually could not attempt.
3) The speaker finally wanted to go to school.
4) The ‘whole thing,’ here means ‘the whole dream of his nasty adventure.’
5) ‘fool – school’ are the rhyming words in the stanza.

C. Reading

1. Read the following passage.
Kunwar Singh was the first to visit me the day I was given my first gun. I was eight then. He came early, and I put the old double-barrelled gun into his hands with great pride. He laid ‘the gun aside and said to me, “You are no longer a boy, but a man: and with this good gun you can go anywhere you like in the jungles and never be afraid provided you learn how to climb trees. I’ll now tell you a story to show how necessary it is for us, who shoot in the jungles, to know how to climb trees.
Now answer the following questions.
1) Who does ‘I’ here refer to?
2) Who was the first to’visit him when he was given the gun?
3) How old was the speaker when he was given the gun?
4) What should one learn to be courageous besides having a gun according to Kunwar Singh?
5) What is necessary for the hunters according to Kunwar Singh?
6) What do you think was the speaker?
Answer:
1) ‘I’ here refers to Jim Corbett.
2) Kunwar Singh was the first to visit him the day he was given the gun.
3) Jim Corbett was eight years old when he was given a gun.
4) Every hunter should leam to climb a tree besides having a gun to protect himself.
5) According to Kunwar Singh learning to climb trees is necessary for a hunter.
6) I think, the speaker was a hunter.

2. Read the following passage.
Har Singh and I went to shoot one day last April. We started when the stars were paling. Since we found nothing to shoot, we started for home towards evening. While we were taking a sandy nullah that ran through dense scrub and thorn-bamboo jungle, a tiger was looking at us. It stared at us for some time but went back.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Who does ‘I’ here refer to?
2) When did they start for shooting?
3) Why did they start towards home?
4) Where did they come across a tiger?
5) What did the tiger do?
Answer:
1) ‘I’ here refers to Kunwar Singh.
2) They started for shooting at the break of the dawn.
3) When they found nothing to shoot, they started towards home in the evening.
4) They came across a tiger in a dense scrub.
5) The tiger stared at them for some time and went back.

3. Read the following passage.
The tiger sprang at him and he was screaming. Now 1 fired the gun off into the air. The tiger went away and Har Singh collapsed at the foot of the tree. I climbed down very silently and went to Har Singh. I found that one of the tiger’s claws had entered his stomach and tom the lining from his navel to within a few fingers’ breadth of the back-bone. All his inside had fallen out. I could not know what to do. Har Singh told me to put his intestines back into his stomach. I stuffed them all back along with the dry leaves, grass and twigs that stuck to them.
Now answer the following questions.
1) “….. he was screaming” – Who does ‘he’ here refer to?
2) Who does ‘I’ here refer to?
3) What did the speaker do to frighten away the tiger?
4) Why was Har Singh collapsed?
5) “All his inside had fallen out.” – Why?
6) “All his inside had fallen out.” – What had fallen out?
7) What did Har Singh ask the speaker to do?
8) “I stuffed them all back” – What do ‘them’ here refer to?
9) How did Kunwar Singh stuff them in?
10) What did the speaker find when he climbed down the tree?
Answer:
1) ‘He’ here refers to Har Singh.
2) ‘I’ here refers to Kunwar Singh.
3) The speaker fired his gun off into the air to frighten away the tiger.
4) The tiger had torn his stomach off and his inner organs had fallen out. So he was collapsed.
5) The tiger had tom his stomach off and all his inner organs had fallen out of his stomach.
6) All his inner organs such as the intestines had fallen out of his stomach.
7) Har Singh asked the speaker to put his intestines back into his stomach.
8) ‘Them’ here refers to his intestines.
9) Kunwar Singh stuffed the intestines in along with dry leaves, grass and twigs that stuck to them.
10) When he climbed down the tree the speaker found that the tiger had tom Har Singh’s stomach.

4. Read the following passage.
Later I wound my pugree (turban) round his stomach and knitted it tight to keep everything from falling out again. We started for home walking for seven miles. I led the way and Har Singh followed me. Holding the pugree in position Har Singh told me that he wanted to . meet the doctor. We walked for the extra three miles to the hospital. It was night and the hospital was closed. But the doctor-babu who lived nearby was awake. He asked me to call Aladia, the tobacco-seller. When I returned, the doctor had laid Har Singh on a string bed. Aladia held the lantern and I held the two pieces of flesh together. The doctor was very kind. He sewed up the hole in Har Singh’s stomach. I offered him two rupees but he refused to take it. When we went home, the women folk were crying.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Who is the speaker of these lines?
2) Who does ‘he’ here refer to?
3) Who do ‘we’ here refer to?
4) What did he wind up with his pugree?
5) Why did they walk extra three miles?
6) What was Aladia?
7) Why was Aladia sent for?
8) How can you say that the doctor was very kind?;
9) “…… to keep everything from falling out again.” – What does everything here refer to?
10) Why were the womenfolk crying?
Answer:
1) The speaker of these lines is Kunwar Singh.
2) ‘He’ here refers to Har Singh.
3) ‘We’ here refer to Kunwar Singh and Har Singh.
4) He wound up Har Singh’s torn stomach with his pugree.
5) Har Singh said that he wanted to meet the doctor. So they had to walk for three miles.
6) Aladia was a tobacco-seller.
7) Supposing that he would hold the lantern when Har Singh was operated on.
8) 1) The doctor agreed to operate on Har Singh though it was late at night:
2) He did not accept money that was offered to him by Kunwar Singh.
3) Thus we can say that the doctor was a very kind man.
9) ‘Everything’ here means everything that had fallen out from Har Singh’s stomach.
10) Women feared that something terrible must have happened to Kunwar Singh and Har Singh. When the two had not reached home even at late night the womenfolk at home were crying.

Unseen Comprehension

1. Read the following passage carefully.

The Sun has set, and the pond is still.
John, Ned, Ben, Tom and Nell stand on the bank and look at the duck.
The dog with a black spot on his back is with Tom. See ! Tom has his hat in his hand. He has left his toy car on the box.
Kitty’s doll is on the rock. Nell has put her pet in the cage. It will sing a sweet song. The duck has her nest under the rock.
It is not hot now. Let us run and skip on the bank. Do you not think it is fun.
Now answer the following questions.
1) Do you think it is fun? How?
Answer:
Yes, it is funny. The sun is net. It is not hot now. Weather is plant. There are a lot of friends to play. They have some play things and pets’too. So it is funny.

2) How many friends are there in total? Who are they?
Answer:
There are 6 friends in total. They are John, Ned, Ben, Tom, Nell, and Kitty.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
3) What do John, Ned, Ben, Tom and Nell look at from the hank?
a) A frog
b) A cat
c) A duck
Answer:
c) A duck

4) Where is Kitty’s doll?
a) In her arms
b) On the rock
c) By her side
Answer:
b) On the rock

5) Where is the duck’s nest?
a) In a tree
b) Under the rock
c) On the grass
Answer:
b) Under the rock

2. Read the following passage carefully.

Penguins are birds that can not fly. Their wings are flippers which they use to help them travel upto thirty miles per hour in water. They also use their flippers for – balancing as they walk.
Penguins eat fish. They spend most of their time in the water. Penguins lay their and raise their young on land.
There are many kinds of penguins. Emperor penguins are the largest species of penguin and can grow to be about four feet tall, and weigh about one hundred pounds. Some other well known penguins are the King, the Macaroni and the Adelie.

Now answer the following questions.
1) What do penguins do with their wings?
Answer:
Penguin wings are flippers which are used to swim.

2) Name some kind of penguins.
Answer:
The king, the Macaroni and the Adelie are some kinds of Penguins.

Choose the correct answer:
3) A penguin is a/an ( )
a) bird
b) reptile
c) animal
Answer:
a) bird

4) Which of the following is the largest penguin ? ( )
a) Emperor
b) Marconi
c) King
Answer:
a) Emperor

5) Penguins eat ( )
a) insects.
b) fish.
c) birds.
Answer:
b) fish.

3. Read the following passage carefully.

Annie and Rosa were walking home. It was just getting dark. They got to the big, gray house. They always hated walking by that house. It was old and empty. It had many broken windows. Everyone said it was haunted.
As they went by, they heard a strange noise. It – sounded like a baby cry. They stopped and looked around but could not see anyone. The noise was coming from the house.
Rosa was very brave. She walked all the way up to the house. Suddenly Rosa began to laugh. She pointed to the roof and said, “Look, Annie, there’s our ghost.”
Annie looked. The noise was coming from a sacred little kitten. The kitten was stuck on the roof. “Sometimes things are not what they seem,” Annie said.

Now answer the following questions.
1) What is the story about?
Answer:
The story is about a strange noise in a big, gray house.

2) What caused the strange noise?
Answer:
A sacred little kitten struck on the roof causing the strange noise.

Choose the correct answer :
3) When did the story take place? ( )
a) early morning
b) noon time
c) late afternoon
Answer:
c) late afternoon

4) What kind of person is Rosa? ( )
a) sad
b) tired
c) brave
Answer:
c) brave

5) They always hated the house because ( )
a) it was old and empty.
b) a ghost was living in it.
c) everyone said it was haunted.
Answer:
a) it was old and empty

4. Read the following passage carefully.

My mother took my sister and me to see a play at the arts center. The play was about an Indian chef who liked to make pies. It was an exciting play to watch because a thief took a pie from the chef’s house. This made the chef sad. The chef was filled with grief over the pie being taken and he told his friends he was very sad.
Then the chef and thief decided to have a cooking contest to see who could make the best pie. The thief made a pie. The thief wanted to ‘tie’ for first place with the chef. But the chef made the best pie and won the prize.
The thief did not win, but he went home with his pie and told his wife a lie that he had won the pie-cooking contest. The thief’s wife did not see a prize. There was no prize money or ribbon for a prize. This was a clue that her husband did not ‘tie’ with the chief in the pie contest and that his story was just not true.
The wife asked her husband (the thief) for the money that was due as he had borrowed her money to buy to ingredients needed for the pie. ‘Yes!” she smiled, you need to pay me back the money that is due !”
And when he did that, the thief and his wife had a piece of pie!

Now answer the following questions.
1) What lie did the thief tell his wife and why did he lie?
Answer:
The thief said that he had won the pie contest. He wanted to win.

2) How did the wife know the thief was not telling the truth?
Answer:
He did not have a ribbon or money to show that he had won the contest.

Choose the correct answer:
3) In the text, what did the chief like to do? ( )
a) He liked to bake cakes.
b) He liked to make cakes.
c) He liked to ride horses.
Answer:
b) He liked to make cakes.

4) What did the thief steal? ( )
a) a bag of gold
b) money
c) a pie from the chef’s house
Answer:
c) a pie from the chef’s house

5) Who among the following to won the ‘cooking pie’ contest? ( )
a) the thief
b) the chef
c) wife of the thief
Answer:
b) the chef

5. Read the following passage carefully.
The Gseat Sphinx is a lion with the head of person cut out of rock. It is a statue located in Egypt. Legends have been told about the Great Sphinx. Many of these stories talk about the sphinx being strong and wise. The statue is very large. The whole statue is 150 feet long with 50 feet long paws. The head is 30 feet long and 14 feet wide. Wind and sand have worn parts of the statue’s nose and some other parts of the statue away completely. These parts will be restoring.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Why is the sphinx getting fixed?
Answer:
Wind and sand have worn out parts of the statue’s nose and some other parts of the statue away completely.

2) What is called restoring?
Answer:
The process of the fixation of the worn out parts of the statue of sphinx is called restoring.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
3) Sphinx is located in ( )
a) France
b) Egypt
c) America
Answer:
b) Egypt

4) How long are the paws of the sphinx? ( )
a) 150 feet
b) 50 feet
c) 30 feet
Answer:
b) 50 feet

5) Sphinx is a statue with ( )
a) the head of a lion and the body of a man.
b) the head of a tiger and the body of a lion.
c) the head of a man and the body of a lion.
Answer:
c) the head of a man and the body of a lion.

Unseen (Data Interpretation)

1. Read the following table. The table gives the sales details for textbooks and reference books at Primary / Secondary / Higher Secondary / Graduate levels.

Year	Primary	Secondary	Higher Secondary	Graduate Level
1975	42137	8820	65303	25343
1976	53568	10285	71602	27930
1977	58770	16437	73667′	28687
1978	56872	15475	71668	30057
1979	66213	17500	78607	33682
1980	68718	20177	82175	36697

Now answer the following questions
1) What does the table show?
Answer:
The table shows the sales details for textbooks and reference books at primary/seconday/ higher secondary/ graduate levels.

2) The sales of which category of books had recorded consistent growth?
Answer:
The sales of Graduate level of books have recorded the consistent during the period of 1975 – 1980.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
3) The sale of which level books is maximum in the total period, i.e. from 1975-1980? ( )
a) Primary level
b) Secondary
c) Higher secondary
Answer:
c) Higher secondary

4) Which level books were sold maximum in the year 1975? ( )
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Higher Secondary
Answer:
c) Higher Secondary

5) The books of which level are sold least during 1975 – 1980? ( )
a) Primary level
b) Secondary level
c) Graduate level
Answer:
b) Secondary level

2. Read the following table.
Number of Engineering students at Institutes of different kind.

College	1988 – 1989	1989-1990	1990 – 1991
Private Engineering college	12000	18000	25000
Government Engineering colleges	8000	12000	13000
Regional Engeering college	4000	7500	10000
IIT	3000	4000	8000

Now answer the following questions.
1) What does the table show?
Answer:
The table shows the number of engineering students studying at different institutes during the period 1989-89 to 1990-91.

2) What is the general trend of Engineering education?
Answer:
The general trend of engineering education has shown consistent growth during the given period.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
3) What was the total number of engineering students in 1989 – 90? ( )
a) 38500
b) 41500
c) 42500
Answer:
b) 41500

4) In which category of Engineering colleges highest number of students are studying Engineering? ( )
a) IITs
b) Govt. Engineering colleges
c) Private Engineering college
Answer:
c) Private Engineering college

5) In which category of colleges lowest number of students are studying Engineering? ( )
a) IITs
b) Govt. Engineering colleges
c) Regional Engineering colleges
Answer:
a) IITs

3. Read the following pie diagram.
Distribution of students at Graduate level in Seven Institutes named P, Q, R, S, T, M & N :

Now answer the following questions.
1) What does the above pie diagram show?
Answer:
The pie-chart shows the distribution of students at the Graduate level in seven institutes named P Q, R, S, T, M, N.

2) How many institutes are there in total?
Answer:
There are seven institutes in total.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
3) In which two institutes maximum number of students studied? ( )
a) N & P
b) R & M
c) Q & S
Answer:
b) R & M

4) In which two institutes least number of,students studied? ( )
a) Q & P
b) M & R
c) N & P
Answer:
c) N & P

5) The number of students of which college are exactly half of the sum of stu¬dents from Q & R ( )
a) P
b) Q
c) T
Answer:
c) T

Section – B: Creative Writing

1. Write about an act of bravery that you or your family member or any one of your friends may have shown at some stage in your life.
Answer:
An act of my bravery
My father runs a jewellery shop. The shop is open on all days. But it is closed on Sundays.
One Sunday evening, I was returning home after playing cricket with my friends. I was coming on my bicycle. On my way home, when I came to my father’s shop, I found my father’s shop was kept open. I was surprised to see it open as it was a Sunday. I got down my bicycle and put it behind a tree and stood there silently to see what was going to happen. A few minutes later, I saw two thieves coming from the shop with a bag of jewellery and keeping it in their car, kept outside the shop. They later, went again into the shop to bring some more.
At once, without any hesitation, I ran towards the car and took out the air from all the tyres. Then I rode on my bicycle to the nearby police station and informed the police about the theft.
The police took me in their jeep and came to the spot. Seeing the police, the thieves began to run. But the police chased them and caught hold of them. All our jewellery was kept back in the shop and then it was locked.
The police congratulated me on my act of bravery. All my friends and neighbours praised me for my bravery. I felt happy as I had saved our property.

2. Change the story of ‘A Hero’ into a drama.
Answer:
Scene-I
Swami’s house with father sitting in a chair and reading a newspaper and his son Swami standing behind him.
Characters: Swami, his father and his granny.
Father: Listen, Swami! I’ll read out an interesting news for you.
Swami: What’s it, Dad?
Father: It’s about the bravery of a village lad who was returning home by the jungle path.
Swami: What’s there in it about his bravery?
Father: He came face to face with a tiger and fought with it. Later he climbed on to the top branch of a tree and stayed there for half-a-day. Later some village people came that way and killed the tiger.
Swami: That couldn’t be. I think he must be a grown-up person.
Father: Don’t think so. Age and strength don’t matter with regard to courage/bravery.
Swami: Suppose I am very brave. Can I fight with a tiger?
Father: O.K. I will test your courage. Tonight, sleep alone in the dark in my office room and prove your bravery.
Swami: L will do it next month. Please put it off.
Father: No, come on with me.
(Father puts Swami alone in his office room. He leaves him in the dark but keeps the doors open)

Scene – II
Place: Father’s office room. Swami is sleeping under a bench.
Characters: Swami, a burglar, Father.

Swami to himself: I don’t know why father is cruel to me in this manner. I wish the tiger had not spared the village lad.
A burglar to himself: The door is open. I will enter the room and steal the valuable things. (The burglar walks in and steals something. He comes near the boy.
(Swami hears the sound of his walking close to him.)
Swami to himself: What is this sound? I think a devil is coming to kill me now. I will dig my teeth into its leg.
(When the burglar comes nearer, Swami digs his teeth into the knee of the burglar.) ‘
The burglar: Oh! I was bitten.
(Hearing the sound, Father and a servant come into the room and catch the thief.)

Scene – III
Place: School
Characters: Swami, his friends, a teacher and the Headmaster.
Teacher: Oh! You have acted bravely. I appreciate you.
Swami: Thank you, teacher.
Friends: Swami, you have done a marvellous thing. Congrats.
Swami: It’s O.K.
H.M.: Swami, you are a true scout. You have proved your bravery. We are proud of you.
Swami: Thank you, Sir.
(But the next day on wards, Swami sleeps in his usual place.)

3. Have a discussion in the whole class on how the performance could be im¬proved in terms of delivery of dialogues, costumes, action, settings, etc.
A Skit on ‘A Hero
The performance could be improved and made humorous if it was as follows.
When father exits the office-room
Swami (to himself): I am afraid I can’t be alone. What should I do? Idea! I shall go unnoticed into my father’s bed room, pick up his cell-phone and call my close friend, Guruvardhan.
(The boy tiptoes into his father’s bed room, picks up his mobile, comes out and makes a phone call to his friend, Guruvardhan.)
Swami: Hello Guru! I’m Swami.
Guruvardhan: Hello Swami! Whats the matter? Why are you calling me at this time? Any problem?
Swami: Yes. Guru. Can you come to my house now and spare an hour with me?
Guruvardhan: Why?
Swami: I’ll tell you here. Please do come soon.
(Swami deletes the number of his friend from his father’s mobile from dialed numbers, keeps it there and comes back into his fathers office room. Half an hour later, his friend enters the room)
Swami: Hai! Come in. I feel bored being alone.
Guruvardhan: Why alone here?
Swami: My father does this as a test for my bravery. Give me some idea.
(Guruvardhan thinks over it for a while)
Guruvardhan: I’ll take some valuable things from this office room and throw them scattered at the gate of your house and go back home. Half an hour later, you cry out Thief, thief, I cant chase .him. Please help’ and walk hurriedly to the gate. Your father comes. Tell him you are trying to catch the thief who entered and stole the things. Also tell him he has left them there and escaped. Your father then appreciates your bravery. How is it?
Swami: It’s a good idea. Let’s do it at once.
(They implement their plan. His friend has gone home, leaving the things at the gate)
Swami: Thief, thief! catch him. (Shouts loudly)
(His father and a servant come there with a torchlight in hañds.)
Father: Where is the thief? What has happened?
Swami: Dad! A thief has entered the office room and stole some valuable things. I heard the sound and cried. He began to run. I tried to catch him. But he escaped. leaving these things here.
Father: (looking at them) Oh! these are very valuable. Had I lost them, I would have been in great trouble. Really you have done a very good job.
I appreciate your bravery.
(All the members of his family praise him.)

4. In the lesson ‘A Hero’ you have read a conversation based on the news from a newspaper. Swami’s family discussed the bravery of a village boy who fought with a tiger. Imagine that you were Swamy and describe your feelings when you came face to face with a tiger.
You may use the following hints to describe your feelings :
Big tiger – staring at me – very ferocious – what to do – run away – hide in the bushes – search for stones – no weapons – nobody nearby – can’t shout for help – gets idea – fight with all energy – kick the tiger on its face – run and climb the tall tree – call the villagers – rescue – kill the tiger.
Answer:
Once I was walking through a thicket. It was a sunny afternoon. I was walking alone. No one was there. At once I saw a big tiger behind a bush. It was staring at me. It was ferocious. I was frightened. I did not know what to do. I was unable to decide whether to run away from there or hide in the bushes. Since I had no weapons I searched for stones. There was nobody nearby. I could riot shout for help. Then I got an idea. I decided to fight with all energy. I kicked the tiger on its face. I ran and climbed a tall tree. I called the villagers. They came running and rescued me by killing the tiger.

5. Summarize the story using the following hints.
Swami – the news report – about a boy’s fight – father’s advice – sleeps in his grandmother’s room – father insists on sleeping alone – a terrible dream – catches a thief – becomes a hero.
Answer:
One day Swami’s father read out some news in some newspaper for his son, Swami. The news was about the bravery of a village lad who was returning home by the jungle path. The newspaper gave a detailed account of the boy’s fight with the tiger.
After listening to the news, Swami said that a boy could not be brave enough to fight with a tiger. Then Swami’s father asked him to prove his courage. For that, his father advised him to sleep for some nights alone in his office room. He wanted his son to do it that night itself. But Swami went into the porch and slept beside his granny. Swami never slept alone. He always slept beside his granny.
Then his father came to Swami and woke him up. He insisted Swami on his sleeping alone in the office room that night. Swami tried to escape but in vain. So he had to sleep alone in darkness in his father’s room that night. Then Swami had a terrible dream. He could not sleep. Suddenly he heard that someone was coming towards him. He thought he was a ghost. So, at once, to protect himself, Swami bit into the knee of a thief. The thief cried out. Father and a servant came and caught the thief. Swami became a hero.

Vocabulary

1. Read the following paragraph and write the synonyms of the underlined words choosing the words from the words given in the box.

1.

“Swami, listen to this: News has been received about the bravery (a) of a village lad (b) who was returning home by the jungle (c) path (d). While he was in the middle of the jungle, he came face to face with a tiger.”

2.

“Can you prove you have courage (a)” said Father with a scowl (b). “Let me see if you can sleep, alone tonight in my office room.”
Swami had always slept beside his granny in the porch (c). The two always had their beds side by side. Any change in this arrangement kept him trembling (d) and awake all night.

3.

“From the first of next month, I’ll sleep alone,” Swami said very humbly (a), trying to please (b) Father.“No, you must do it right from today,” Father said sternly (c). “Sleeping beside Granny or Mother like a baby is disgraceful (d). You are now in the Fifth Standard and I don’t like the way you are being brought up. ”

4.

“Get up, Swami,” Father commanded (a). He looked (b) like a ghost in the semi-darkness of the porch. Swami stirred (c) and groaned as if in sleep.“Get up, Swami,” said Father a second time. “Why do you disturb him?” Granny pleaded (d).

5.

Swami was pained and angry. He did not like the cruelty (a) his father was showing. He cursed (b) the newspaper that had printed the tiger’s story. He wished (c) that the tiger had not spared (d) the boy.

6.

The night advanced (a) and the silence in the house deepened (b). Swami’s heart began to beat faster. He remembered all the stories of devils and ghosts he had heard. He was almost faint (c) with fear. Swarmi hurriedly (d) got up.

7.

Swami hurriedly got up (a) and spread his bed under the bench and crouched (b) there. It seemed to be a much safer place. He shut his eyes tight and encased (c) himself in his blanket. Unknown to himself, Swami fell asleep. In his sleep he had a terrible dream. He groaned in despair, (d).

8.

Something was moving in the darkness. Swami lay gazing (a) at it in horror (b). He was certain (c) that his end had come. The devil would soon pull him out and tear him to pieces!
“So what is the use of waiting?” Swami thought.
As it came nearer, Swami crawled out from under the bench. At once he clutched, (d) its leg and dug his teeth in.

9.

Both of them fell on the burglar (a) who lay amidst the furniture with a bleeding knee.
The next day was a day of congratulations for Swami. His classmates looked at him with respect. His teacher patted his back for his courage and bravery. The headmaster said that he was a true scout (b). Swami had bitten into the knee of notorious (c) house – breaker and ‘ the police were grateful (d) to him.

Answer:
1. a) courage b) a young boy c) forest d) way
2. a) bravery b) anger c) verandah d) shaking
3. a) meekly b) satisfy c) determinedly d) shameful
4. a) ordered b) appeared c) moved d) appealéd
5. a) harshness b) damned c) hoped d) allowed to go free
6. a) progressed b) extended c) become unconscious d) speedily
7. a) raised b) stooped low c) covered d) anguish
8. a) staring b) fear c) sure d) caught
9. a) thief b) adventurer c) bad d) thankful

2. Read the following paragraph and write the antonyms of the underlined words.

1. “You think you know better than the newspaper?” Father said crossly. “A man may have the strength (a) of an elephant and yet be a coward (b). “Another may be a mere skeleton; but if he has real (c) courage (d), he can do anything.

2. He hoped (a) at first that Father was only joking. He tried to change the topic by saying, “Father, our captain says we shall have some elders (b) also in our cricket club. He has asked me to tell you.’’“We’ll see about that later (c),” Father cut in (d). “Hereafter you must sleep alone.”

3. “From the first of next month, I’ll sleep alone,” Swami said very humbly (a), trying to please (b) Father.“No, you must do it right from today,” Father said sternly (c). “Sleeping beside Granny or Mother like a baby is disgraceful (d). You are now in the Fifth Standard and I don’t like the way you are being brought up.”

4. “Get up (a), Swami,” said Father for the third time and Swami got up. Father rolled up his bed, took it under his arm and said, “Come with me.”
Swami looked at Granny, hesitated (b) for a moment, and then followed (c) his father into the office room. “Let me sleep in the hall, Father,” Swami pleaded. “Your office room is very dusty (d) and there may be scorpions behind your law books.”

5. Swami was pained and angry (a). He did not like (b) the cruelty (c) his father was showing. He cursed (d) the newspaper that had printed the tiger’s story.

6. The night advanced (a) and the silence (b) in the house deepened. Swami’s heart began to beat faster, (c) He remembered (d) all the stories of devils and ghosts he had heard. He was almost faint with fear.

7. A tiger was chasing him. Swami tried hard (a) to escape (b) but his feet would not move. He tried to open his eyes but his eyelids would not open (c). He groaned in despair (d).

8. At last (a), using utmost effort he opened (b) his eyes. He put his hand out to feel his granny’s presence (c), as was his habit. But he only touched the wooden leg of the bench! At once his lonely state came back to him. He shook in fear and closed his eyes. He heard a little rustling noise (d) in the room.

9. The next day was a day of congratulations (a) for Swami. His classmates looked at him with respect (b). His teacher patted his back for his courage and bravery. The headmaster said that he was a true (c) scout. Swami had bitten into the knee of a notorious (d) house-breaker and the police were grateful to him.
Answer:
1. a) weakness b) hero; brave c) unreal d) cowardice/timidity
2. a) despaired b) youth c) earlier d) continued
3. a) proudly b) displease c) lightly d) respectable
4. a) Lie down b) continued c) led d) clean
5. a) calm b) dislike c) kindness d) blessed
6. a) declined b) noise c) slower d) forgot
7. a) easy b) remain c) shut d)hope
8. a) Initially b) closed c) absence d) silence
9. a) criticism b) humiliation c) false d) famous

3. Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given in brackets.

1. After _________ (a) (read/reading) it through, Father looked at Swami _________ (b) (fixedly/fixed) and asked, “V.hat do you say to that?” I think he must have been a very strong and _______ (c) (grow/grown)-up person, not a boy at all,” said Swami. ‘Show
could a boy fight a tiger?”
“You think you know better than the newspaper?” Father said , _______ (d) (cross/crossly).

2. Swami said very humbly, _______ (a) (try/trying) to – (b) (please/pleasing) Father.”No, you must do it right from today,” Father said sternly. “ __________ (c) (Sleep/Sleeping) beside Granny or Mother like a baby is __________ (d) (disgraceful/disgrace).

3. Father lifted the newspaper to his face and started __________ (a) (reading/read) it again. Swami rose __________ (b) (quiet/quietly) from his place and __________ (c) (tiptoed/tiptoe) to his bed in the porch. Granny was sitting up in her bed, and she said, “Boy are you already feeling ________ (d) (sleepy/sleep) today? Don’t you want to hear a story?”

4. Swami looked at Granny, _________ (a) (hesitate/hesitated) for a moment, and then followed his father into the office room. “Let me __________ (b) (sleep/sleeping) in the hail, Fàther,” Swami pleaded. “Your office room is very _________ (c) (dust/dusty) and there may be scorpions behind your law books.”
“There are no scorpions, boy. You cn sleep on the bench if you like.”
“Can I have a lamp (d) (burning/bum) in the room?”

5. “No. You must learn to be _________ (a) (bravely/brave). You must not be afraid of__________ (b) (dark/darkness); it is only a question of habit.” “Will you at least leave the door (c) (opening/open)?” Swami said vely_______ (d) (humble/humbly).

6. Swami was pained and _________ (a) (angrily/angry). He did not like the_________ (b) (cruelty/cruel) his father was showing. He cursed the newspaper that had printed the tiger’s story. He wished that the tiger had not spared the boy. The night advanced and the (c) (silent/silence) in the house__________ (d) (deepen/deepened).

7. At last, using utmost effort he opened his eyes. He put his hand out to _________ (a) (feeling/feel) his grannys __________ (b) (present/presence), as was his habit. But he only touched the wooden leg of the bench! At once his __________ (c) (lone/lonely) state came back to him. He shook in fear and closed his eyes. l-le heard a little _______ (d) (rustle/rustling) noise in the room.

8. Something was moving in the darkness. Swami lay _________ (a) (gaze/gazing) at it in horror. He was __________ (b) (certain/certainly) that his end had come. The devil would soon pull him out and _____ (c) (tom/tear) him to pieces! “So what is the use of _____ (d) (waiting/wait)?” Swami thought.

9. There was a _________ (a) (pain/painful) cry: “Aiyo! Something has bittet me.” Then there was heavy _________ (b) (tumbling/tumble) and falling amidst furniture. Everyone in the house was __________ c) (awaken/awakened) by the loud noise. In a moment, Father and a servant came _____ (d) (run/running) with a light.

10. Both of them fell on the burglar who lay amidst the furniture with a (a) (bleeding/bleed) knee.
The next day was a day of _________ (b) (congrtulate/congratulations) for Swami.
His classmates looked at him with respect. His teacher patted his back for his courage and _________ (c) (bravery/brave). The headmaster said that he was a _______ (d) (truth/true) scout.
Answer:
1. a) reading b) fixedly c) grown d) crossly
2. a) trying b) please c) sleeping d) disgraceful
3. a) reading b) quietly c) tiptoed d) slèepy
4. a) hesitated b) sleep c) dusty d) burning
5. a) brave b) darkness c) open d) humbly
6. a) angry b) cruelty c) silence d) deepened
7. a) feel b) presence c) lonely d) rustling
8. a) gazing b) certain c) fear d) waiting
9. a) painful b) tumbling c) awakened d) running
10. a) bleeding b) congratulations c) bravery d) true

а) Complete the following words using ai, au, ea, ee, ei, ie, io, oa, oe, oi, oo, ou, ue, ui.

1) The newspaper gave a (a) det _ _ led (b) acc _ _ nt of the boy’s fight wfth the tiger.
2) If he has (a) r _ _ l (b) c _ _ rage, he can do anything.
3) I don’t like the way you are (a) b _ _ ng (b) br _ _ ght up.
4) Swami rose (a) q _ _ etly from his place and (b) tipt _ _ d to his bed in the porch.
5) You must not be (a) afr _ _ d of darkness; it is only a (b) q _ _ stion of habit.
6) If you do it, I’ll tell your (a) t _ _ cher and make you the (b) l _ _ ghing stock of the whole school.
7) The night advanced and the silence in the (a) h _ _ se (b) d _ _ pened.
8) Swami’s (a) h _ _ rt began to(b) b _ _ t faster.
9) Swami (a) sp _ _ d his bed under the bench and (b) cr _ _ ched there.
10) He (a) gr _ _ ned in (b) desp _ _ r.
11) He (a) sh _ _ k in (b) f _ _ r and closed his eyes.
12) He heard a little rustling (a) n _ _ se in the (b) r _ _ m.
13) The devil would (a) s _ _ n pull him out and tear him to (b) p _ _ ces!
14) Swami bit into the (a) kn _ _ of a (b) notor _ _ us house breaker.
15) The headmaster said that he was a (a) tr _ _ (b) sc _ _ t.
16) He felt a (a) gr _ _ t (b) re _ _ f.
Answer:
1. a) detailed b) account
2. a) real b) courage
3. a) being b) brought
4. a) quietly b) tiptoed
5. a) afraid b) question
6. a) teacher b) laughing
7. a) house b) deepened
8. a) heart b) beat
9. a) spread b) crouched
10. a) groaned b) despair
11. a) shook b) fear
12. a) noise b) room
13. a) soon b) pieces
14. a) knee b) notorious
15. a) true b) scout
16. a) great b) relief

b) Complete the words with the correct suffixes given in brackets.

1) News has been received about the (a) bray _____ (ary/ery) of a village lad who was (b) return _____ (ing/ning) home by the jungle path.
2) Any change in this (a) arrange _____ (mant/ment) kept him (b) tremb _____ (leing/ling) and awake all night.
3) ‘No,” Father said (a) stern _____ (ly/lly). “Sleeping beside Granny or Mother like a baby is (b) disgrace _____ (ful/ful).
4) ‘You must not be afraid of (a) dailc _________ (nes/ness) .“ ‘Will you at least leave the door open ?“ Swami said very (b) hum _____ (blely/bly).
5) The night advanced and the (a) siten _____ (se/ce) in the house (b) deep _____ (end/ened).
6) Swami had bitten into the knee of a (a) notori _____ (aus/ous) house-breaker and the police were (b) grate _____ (ful/full) to him.
7) Swami was (a) follo _____ (wing/ing) the whole (b) conversa _____ (ssion/tion) from under the blanket.
8) a) There was a pain _____ (full/ful) cry.
b) “Let him sleep where he likes,” Mother said angr _____ (yly/ily).
Answer:
1. a) bravi b) returning
2. a) arrangement b) trembling
3. a) sternly b) disgraceful
4. a) darkness b) humbly
5. a) silence b) deepened
6. a)notorious b) grateful
7. a) following b) conversation
8. a) painful b) angrily

c) Find the wrongly spelt word and write the correct spelling.
1. a) biting; fighting; hating; siting
b) believe; relieve; achieve; recieve
2. a) detail; account; describe; captan
b) coward; courage; strength; skeleten
3. a) courage; passage; luggage; marrage
b) tinful; mouthful; houseful; disgracefull
4. a) comand; demand; remand; reprimand
b) croch; approach; coach ; touch
5. a) dependent; confident; present; servent
b) rubber; scrubber; burgler; joker
Answer:
1) a) sitting b) receive
2) a) captain b) skeleton
3) a) marriage b) disgraceful
4) a) command b) crouch
5) a) servant b) burglar

Put the following under the correct headings.

A.

Answer:

B.

Answer:

C.

Answer:

D.

Answer:

Match the parts under A and B to make some proverbs. You can use the clues given within the brackets.

Answer:
1) d
2) a
3) e
4) b
5) c
6) j
7) f
8) i
9) h
10) g

A) Write meaningful sentences using the words given below.
i) while:
ii) beside:
iii) later:
iv) even if:
v) almost:
vi) hurriedly:
vii) seem:
viii) utmost:
ix) at once:
x) certain:
Answer:
i) While he was crossing the bridge, his hat blew off.
ii) Come and sit beside me.
iii) We’ll meet later and discuss about it.
iv) I like her, even if she can be annoying at times.
v) The story is almost certainly false.
vi) I hurriedly got up and dressed.
vii) You seem happy.
viii) You should study this document with utmost care,
ix) At once she lost her temper.
x) If is certain he will succeed.

B) Pick out the synonyms from the story for each of the following words.
1) clear
2) bravery
3) shameful
4) hide
5) upset
6) argued
7) swore
8) unpleasant
9) tapped
10) damage
Answer:
1) clear: detailed
2) bravery: courage
3) shameful: disgraceful
4) hide: cover
5) upset: pained
6) argued: mumbled/exclaimed/opined
7) swore: cursed
8) unpleasant: bitter
9) tapped: patted
10) damage: risk

C) Read the conversation given below and fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the box.

Ruchira : I don’t know why the teacher ….(1)…. to give his mobile number?
Suhas : He might be worried that you would ….(2)…. him with your phone calls.
Ruchira : I have great ….(3)…. for him. I will never behave in a ….(4)…. manner.
Su has : I am ….(5)…. that our teacher will not give his number. Anyhow, I like your ….(6)…. We are all ….(7)…. him.
Ruchira : I don’t think our teacher is ….(8)…. but he says everything ….(9)…. Once he gave me a wonderful gift so I am always ….(10)…. to him.
Answer:
1) hesitated
2) disturb
3) respect
4) disgraceful
5) certain
6) courage
7) afraid of
8) terrible
9) sternly
10) grateful

D) Match the following idioms by writing the letter from column B in the blanks.

Answer:
1-D
2-F
3-B
4-A
5-C

Grammar
1. Edit the following passage correcting the underlined parts.

1. Plants have many uses to (a) map. They supplies (b) us with food and shelter, with fuel and chemicals. People or (c) animals need to breathe oxygen to live. Plants take in the carbon dioxide what (d) people and animals breathe out.
2. Eskimos live in houses called Igloos. A (a) igloo is made with (b) large square pieces of Ice. And (c) the igloo itself is not square. It look (d) like half of a big white ball standing on a white filed of Ice.
3. A (a) famous Indian mathematician, Srinivasa Ramanujan, was born in 1987 in a poor family in (b) Erode in Tamil Nadu. At a very young age, Ramanujan showed a (c) unusual grasp of mathematics. It was (d) strange but true that he did not see his first mathematics book till he was sixteen.
4. Mount Everest is a (a) highest peak in the world. It was (b) 8848 metres high. It is named on (c) Everest. Edmand Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing sets (d) foot on the top of the peak on 29th May 1953.
5. Everyone are (a) afraid of earthquakes. They are quite common in eastern countries like China, Indonesia, Malaysia and Japan. They are the most deadly in (b) all natural calamities. Two of the greatest earthquakes occur (c) in China or (d) Alaska.
Answer:
1. a) for b) supply c) and d) that
2. a) An b) of c) But d) looks
3. a) The b) at c) an d) is
4. a) the b) is c) after d) set
5. a) is b) of c) occurred a) and

2. Complete the passage choosing the right words from those given below.
Each blank is numbered and for each blank four choices (A), (B), (C) and (D) in the blanks.

1. life in a big oasis _________ (1) extremely busy. There is _______ (2) busy market in the oasis _________ (3) the people from the neighbouring desert bring (4) animals to exchange for the goods of the oasis.
1) A) is B) was C) are D) were
2) A) the B) a C) an D) some
3) A) but B) and C) or D) yet
4) A) her B) his C) our D) their

2. (1) Earth rotates around itself and also revolves round the Sun. To ________ (2) Itself. It _________ (3) Oneday and to revolve round the Sun. It takes 365.25 days. The earth revolves round the Sun _________ (4) an elliptic orbit.
1) A) an B) a C) the D) that
2) A) rotating B) rotate C) rotates D) rotated
3) A) take B) took C) takes D) taking
4) A) on B) of C) in D) by

3. The Banyan trees _________ (1) aerial roots ________ (2) is its branches ________ (3) to the ground, take root again and send more branches _________ (4) their own.
1) A) has B) had C) have D) h ing
2) A) which B) that C) who D) whom
3) A) drops B) dropped C) drop D) dropping
4) A) of B) on C) in D) at

4. Lizards are closely related _________ (1) snakes. Like snakes, _________ (2) are cold blooded reptiles _________ (3) scaly skins. Unlike snakes their long bodies are usually divided into the three distinct parts : head. trunk _________ (4) tail.
1) A) with B) for C) to D) from
2) A) we B) they C) she D) he
3) A) of B) with C) for D) in
4) A) and B) or C) but D) yet

5. The Dinosaurs ________ (1) cold-blood creatures. They could not heat ________ (2) own bodies. They needed the heat _________ (3) the Sun to stay alive and _________ (4) about.
1) A) are B) were C) is D) was
2) A) his B) its C) their D) our
3) A) of B) from C) for D) with
4.) A) moves B) moved C) moving D) move
Answer:
1. 1-A; 2-B; 3-A; 4-D
2. 1-C; 2-B; 3-C; 4-C
3. 1-C; 2-B; 3-C; 4-B
4. 1-C; 2-B; 3-B; 4-A
5. 1-A; 2-C; 3-B; 4-D

3. Change the words given in the box into different parts of speech. Some words may not have all the forms given in the table. You may use a dictionary if you like.
A)


Answer:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
courage	discourage encourage	courageous	courageously
wake	wake	wakeful	wakefully
strength	strengthen	strong	strongly
grace	grace	graceful	gracefully
sleep	sleep	sleepless/sleepy	sleepily
disturbance	disturb	disturbing	disturbingly
hesitation	hesitate	hesitant	hesitantly
dark/darkness	darken	dark	darkly
trial	try	trying	tryingly
notoriety	–	notorious	notoriously
heavy/heaviness	–	heavy	heavy/heavily

B) Choose the right answer.
1) What a nice dress! ( )
a) congratulating
b) complaining
c) complimenting
Answer:
c) complimenting

2) I’m afraid it is not possible. ( )
a) expressing fear
b) giving an advice
c) refusing request
Note : ‘I’m afraid means ‘I’m sorry’.
Answer:
a) expressing fear

3) “Let’s go for a walk, shall we ?” ( )
a) seeking information
b) making suggestion
c) making a request
Answer:
b) making suggestion

4) I’m sorry, I thought it was my room. ( )
a) apologizing
b) making a statement
c) complaining
Answer:
a) apologizing

5) Shall I give you a cup of coffee? ( )
a) a request
b) offer
c) suggestion
Answer:
b) offer

6) Where can I get a car for hire? ( )
a) seeking information
b) making a request
c) making a suggestion
Answer:
a) seeking information

7) You had better do yoga every day. ( )
a) suggestion
b) request
c) order
Answer:
a) suggestion

8) It may rain in a few minutes. ( )
a) making a request
b) expressing purpose
c) expressing possibility
Answer:
c) expressing possibility

9) Would you mind closing the door? ( )
a) a request
b) an order
c) a suggestion
Answer:
a) a request

10) How careless of you to drop my pen! ( )
a) scolding
b) complaining
c) request
Answer:
a) scolding

C) Fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’.

1. It is _______ _____ useful book.
2. _________ apple ________________ day keeps the doctor away.
3. He is _______________ M.L.A but his wife is ________________ M.P
4. He is ________________ B.A. but his wife is ________________ M.A.
5. He came from ________________ orthodox family.
6. There is ________________ eucalyptus tree in our garden.
7. ________________ girl, who has worn the blue frock, is my sister.
8. He is ________________ man of manners.
9. He is ________________ European but his wife is ________________ Indian.
10. I met ________________ one-eyed beggar in the street.
Answer:
1) a
2) An, a
3) an, an
4) a, an
5) an
6) a
7) The
9) a,an
10) a

D) Fill in the blanks with simple past tense or past continuous tense of verbs.

1. While he ______________ (cross) a road, he ___________ (meet) with an accident.
2. While she ______________ (sing) her sister ______________ (dance)
3. He ______________ (fall) asleep while he ______________ (watch) TV.
4. When I ______________ (enter) the room he (write) a letter.
5. When he _____________ (have) dinner someone _____________ (knock) on the door.
6. While Swami’s father ….(1)…. (read) the newspaper, Swami ….(2)…. (listen) to it. His father ….(3)…. (ask) him to sleep alone. But he ….(4)…. (be) afraid of ghosts. He ….(5)…. (want) to sleep in his grandmother’s room. While he ….(6)…. (sleep), he ….(7)…. (have) a terrible dream. A tiger ….(8)…. (chase) himand he ….(9)…. (try) to escape.
7. While Rani ______________ (sing) a song, Raghu ______________ (switch) off the fan.
Answer:
1) was crossing, met
2) was singing, was dancing
3) fell, was watching
4) entered, was writing
5) was having, knocked
6) 1. was reading
2. was listening
3. asked
4. was
5. wanted
6. was sleeping
7. had
8. was chasing
9. was trying
7) was singing, switched off .

E) Read the conversation given below and fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the box.
grateful, respect, certain , courage, sternly, afraid of, terrible, hesitated, disturb, disgraceful

Ruchira: I don’t know why the teacher ….(1)…. to give his mobile number?
Suhas: He might be worried that you would ….(2)…. him with your phone calls.
Ruchira: I have great ….(3)…. for him. I will never behave in a ….(4)…. manner.
Suhas: I am ….(5)…. that our teacher will not give his number. Anyhow, I like your ….(6)…. We are all ….(7)…. him.
Ruchira: I don’t think our teacher is ….(8)…. but he says everything ….(9)…. Once he gave me a wonderful gift so I am always ….(10)…. to him.
Answer:
1) hesitated
2) disturb
3) respect
4) disgraceful
5) certain
6) courage
7) afraid of
8) terrible
9) sternly
10) grateful

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Important Questions Unit 3

7th Class English Important Questions Unit 3

Section – A: Reading Comprehension

A. Reading

1. Read the following text carefully.

Alexander: The battle of Jhelum will go clown in the history of our country.
First general: It’ll go down in the history of India, too.
Second general: It’ll go down in the history of the world.
Third general: I’ve never fought such a battle before.
Fourth general: I haven’t either. Until the last moment, I couldn’t believe that we would be
able to defeat the army of Puru.
Alexander: Yes, it has been a great battle perhaps the greatest of my life.
I must say every Indian soldier fought like a tiger.
First general: They fought like devils, Your Majesty.
Alexander: The Indians are good soldiers. They know how to fight. They fight better than our men.
Second general: But their generals aren’t so good as ours.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Who do you think ‘Alexander’ was?
2) Between which two kings did the battle of Jhelum take place?
3) Why did Alexander think that the battle of Jhelum would go down in the history of the world?
4) According to Alexander, how did every Indian soldier fight?
5) After reading the passage why do you think did the Indians lose the battle?
Answer:
1) Alexander was the king of Macedonia.
2) The battle of Jhelum was fought between Alexander and Puru, a king of northern India.
3) Alexander thought that the battle of Jhelum would go down in the history because he had never fought such a battle. The Indian soldiers fought very bravely.
He could not believe that he would be able to defeat the Indians. The army of Puru fought better than the army of the Greeks.
4) According to Alexander every Indian soldier fought like a tiger.
5) All Indian soldiers fought bravely but because of the inefficiency of the Indian generals Indians lost their battle.

2. Read the following text carefully.
Alexander: If you mean they aren’t so brave as the Greek generals, I don’t agree with you.
Second general: But they aren’t very skilful, Your Highness.
Alexander: I see what you mean, and here I agree with you. The Indian generals are still following the old methods of warfare. Their battle plans are faulty and they depend too much upon their elephants. But as fighters they are wonderful. I have the highest respect for them.
Third general I was amazed to see how Puru fought in the battle of Jhelum.
Fourth general He continued to fight even when others had left the field. I think he killed
at least a hundred of our men with his sword.
Second general: And injured many more.
First general: He was badly injured himself.
Second general: That’s why we were able to capture him.
Alexander: Oh! He is a brave man and a great soldier. I wish he were one of my generals.

Now answer the following questions.
1) What was the opinion of Alexander about Indian generals?
2) According to Alexander, why were Indians defeated?
3) Why did Alexander have the highest respect for Indian soldiers?
4) Why were the Greeks able to capture Puru?
5) Alexander said, “Puru is a brave man and great soldier.” – How can you agree with his statement?
Answer:
1) In Alexander’s opinion Indian soldiers were as brave as Greek soldiers but they might not be as skilful as the Greeks.
2) The Indian generals used the old methods of warfare. Their battle plans are faulty. They depend too much upon their elephants.
3) The Indian generals were brave. They were wonderful fighters. So Alexander had highest respect for Indian soldiers.
4) Puru was injured badly. So the Greeks were able to capture him.
5) Puru continued to fight even when others had left the field. He killed at least a hundred of Greek soldiers with his sword. He injured many more. Thus I can agree with, Alexander’s statements that Puru was a brave and a great soldier.

Additional Questions:
1) What was the opinions of Greek generals about Indian generals?
2) How can you say that Indian generals were” not skilful?
3) What was the name of the battle?
4) Why was the battle called the battle of Jhelum?
5) “I wish he were one of my generals.” – Why did Alexander wish so?
Answer:
1) In the opinion of Greek generals the Indian generals were not so brave and skilful, as the Greek generals.
2) The Indian generals followed the old methods of warfare. Their battle plans were faulty
and they depended too much on their elephants. Thus we can say Indian generals were not skilful.
3) The name of the battle was the battle of Jhelum.
4) The battle was fought on the bank of the river Jhelum. So it was called the battle of Jhelum.
5) Puru was a brave man and a great soldier. He continued to fight even when others had left the field. He killed hundreds of Greeks and injured many with his sword. Alexander was inspired With his bravery and wished if Puru were one of his generals.

3. Read the following text.
Second general: He is a proud man, Your Majesty.
Alexander: A soldier is not a soldier if he is not proud. I’m not angry with him at all.
He was not frightened by the news of my victories and refused to bow before me.
First general: He will be brought to Your Majesty soon. Let us see how he behaves.
Alexander: I’m sure he will not behave like a coward. (A soldier enters and bows to Alexander.)
Soldier: Sir. Puru has been brought to the camp.
Alexander: Has he been put in chains?
Soldier: Yes, Your Majesty.
Alexander: Go and remove the chains, and bring him in. I don’t want to see a brave man in chains.
(The soldier bows and goes out.)
Alexander: They should not have put him in chains. He is a king besides being a great soldier.
Now answer the following questions.
1) How should a soldier be according to Alexander?
2) Though Puru behaved proudly why was Alexander not angry with him?
3) How can you say Puru was not a coward?
4) Why did Alexander ask his generals to remove the chains of Puru?
5) Why did Alexander think Puru should not have been put in chains?
6) What were the feelings of Alexander about Puru?
7) Why did Alexander have a high esteem about Puru?
8) After reading the above text what can you say about the nature of Alexander?
9) What were the feelings of Greek generals about Puru?
10) “I don’t want to see a brave man in chains” – Who is the brave man mentioned here?
Answer:
1) According to Alexander, a soldier should be proud.
2) Alexander believed that a soldier should be proud and should not be a coward. So he was not angry with Puru though he behaved proudly.
3) Puru was not frightened by the news of Alexander’s victories and refused to bow before him.
4) Alexander did not to like to see Puru in his chains. Puru was a king besides being a soldier.
He had a great respect for good soldiers and brave kings. So Alexander asked his generals to remove the chains of Puru.
5) Besides being a soldier Puru was a king. He was a brave-king. He wanted to respect other kings. So Alexander think Puru should not have been put in chains.
6) Alexander did not treat Puru as his enemy but he was equal to him in power and authority. In his opinion Puru was a brave king and he should be respected.
7) Puru was a noble king. He fought bravely to defend the sovereignty of his kingdom. He was ready to sacrifice his life for defending his motherland. So Alexander had a high es¬teem about Puru.
8) Alexander was a noble king and man of good polity. He used to respect the self respect of other kings especially those who were brave and fought for defend the sovereignty of his own country.
9) According to the Greek generals, Puru was very proud and haughty.
10) The brave man mentioned in the line was Puru.

4. Read the following text.

Alexander: (to Puru) Well, how are you, king?
Puru: My name is Puru.
Alexander: All right. Are you sorry for the ‘mistake you made, Puru?
Puru: I made no mistake, sir.
Alexander: Didn’t you reject my proposal?
Puru: I did. I refused to be your vassal.
Alexander: Do you know that many kings have gladly agreed to be my vassals?
Puru: I know that, and I also know that none of them is Puru.
First general: (softly to the second General) He is, indeed, a very proud man.
Alexander: Don’t you realize that you are my prisoner?
Puru: I do, but that doesn’t make any difference to me. I’m still the lawful king of my country.

Now answer the following questions.
1) What was the mistake done by Puru according to Alexander?
2) What was Alexander’s proposal?
3) Did Puru accept Alexander’s proposal?
4) Why do you think Puru did not accept Alexander’s proposal?
5) “I also know that none of them is Puru” – What is the meaning of the above sentence?
Answer:
1) Puru did not accept to be Alexander’s vassal.
2) Alexander’s proposal was to have Puru as his vassal.
3) No. Puru did not accept Alexander’s proposal.
4) Puru was a sovereign king and he wanted to be an independent and free king of his own kingdom. So Puru did not accept to be the vassal of Alexander.
5) By this sentence Puru wanted to say that the other kings who accepted to be the vassals of Alexander were not as sovereign as Puru. They did not have the self respect.

5. Read the following text.

First general: (softly to the second General) He is, indeed, a very proud man.
Alexander: Don’t you realize that you are my prisoner?
Puru: I do, but that doesn’t make any difference to me. I’m still the lawful king of my country.
Alexander: How shall I treat you?
Puru: As a king should treat another king.
Alexander: Puru, you are a brave man. I’m pleased with you. I want to make friends with you. Will you be a friend to me?
Puru: On one condition.
Alexander: What is that condition?
Puru: My kingdom should remain independent and you should treat me as your equal.
Alexander: Agreed, (after a pause) I’m proud of your friendship, my brother.
Puru: I’ll do my best to be worthy of the friendship of Alexander the Great.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Why did the generals think that Puru was a proud king?
2) Though Puru was a prisoner of Alexander, why was he talking and behaving proudly?
3) How should Puru want himself to be treated?
4) What condition did Puru put to Alexander to be friends with him?
5) If you were Alexander, what would you do with Puru?
Answer:
1) The generals thought that Puru was a proud king because Puru was talking and behaving like a king with self respect and sovereignty though he was in captivity.
2) Puru was a noble king with sovereignty and self respect. He was courageous and brave . man. Such kings live like kings and like to die as kings. They don’t like to be as slaves, vassals and subjects of any other kings.
3) Puru wanted to be treated as a sovereign king by Alexander.
4) If his kingdom was allowed to remain independent and he was treated as equal to Alexander he would make friends with his equal.
5) If I were Alexander, I would also treat Puru as Alexander treated him). I would respect his kingship. I would respect his sovereignty. I would be a friend to him and I would allow him to rule his kingdom independently.

6. Read the following text.
The camp of Alexander on the banks of the Jhelum. Alexander is sitting on a high chair and his four generals are sitting on low chairs. Two Greek soldiers are standing at the door. Alexander is having a talk with his generals.
Alexander: The battle of Jhelum will go down in the history of our country.
First general: It’ll go down in the history of India, too.
Second general: It’ll go down in the history of the world.
Third general: I’ve never fought such a battle before.
Now, answer the following questions.
1) Where is Alexander’s camp?
2) Who is/are standing at the door?
3) Who is Alexander talking to?
4) How many generals are there in the passage?
5) Pick out the word that means ‘an army officer’.
Answer:
1) on the banks of die Jhelum
2) Two Greek Soldiers
3) his generals
4) Four generals
5) ‘general’

7. Read the following text.
Alexander: Didn’t you reject my proposal?
Puru: I did. I refused to be your vassal.
Alexander: Do you know that many kings have gladly agreed to be my vassals.
Puru : I know that, and I also know that none of them is Puru.
First General: (softly to the second general) He is, indeed, a very proud man.
Alexander: Don’t you realise that you are my prisoner?
Puru: I do, but that doesn’t make any difference to me. I’m still lawful king of my country.
Alexander: How shall I treat you?
Puru: As a king should treat another king.
Alexander: Puru, you are a brave man.
Now, answer the following questions.
1) How many persons were taking part in the above conversation?
2) What was Alexander’s proposal to Puru?
3) What kind of man was Puru according to Alexander?
4) Who was the prisoner mentioned in the above passage?
5) How did Puru want to be treated?
Answer:
1) Three persons
2) that Puru should be his vassal
3) a brave man
4) Puru
5) as a king

B. Reading

1. Read the following stanza.
Home they brought her warrior dead
She nor swooned, nor uttered a cry:
All her maidens, watching, said,
‘She must weep or she will die’.
Now answer the following questions
1) Who was brought dead?
2) Why did he die?
3) Who was ‘she’?
4) What were her feelings when her husband was brought dead?
5) What did all the women say?
6) Why did she not cry?
7) Why did they think she had to cry?
8) Which word in the above stanza means ‘became unconscious?
9) Write the rhyming words.
10) What is the rhyming scheme followed in the stanza?
Answer:
1) A warrior was brought dead.
2) While fighting with his enemy soldiers he was killed in a war.
3) ‘She’ was the warrior’s wife.
4) When her husband was brought dead she neither fainted nor cried. She was in shock. She stood stock still and she did not she$ even a single tear.
5) All the women who surrounded her said that she had to cry otherwise she would die.
6) She was in a shock. She stood stock still. So she did not shed even a single tear.
7) They believed that all the pain that the widow was keeping pent up inside her would finally have an adverse effect on her health and she would not surprise from the misery.
8) The word ‘swooned’ means unconscious.
9) dead – said – cry – die
10) The rhyming scheme followed in the poem is ABAB.

2. Read the following stanza.
Then they praised him, soft and low.
Called him worthy to be loved,
Truest friend and noblest foe;
Yet she neither spoke nor moved.
Now answer the following questions.
1) Who does ‘they’ here refer to?
2) What did they do?
3) Why did they praise him?
4) How did they praise him?
5) What effect did their words have on her?
6) Identify the rhyming words in the stanza.
Answer:
1) “They” here refer to her women who surrounded her.
2) They praised her husband.
3) They praised her dead husband to remind the widow of her nobility and dignity her husband enjoyed from the large. They praised him before her to evoke an emotional reaction from him.
4) They praised him worthy to be loved, They said that he was the truest friend and a noblest foe.
5) None of their words did not have any effect on the wife. She stood motionless and silent.
6) The rhyming words in this stanza are; low – foe; loved – moved;

3. Read the following stanza.
Stole a maiden from her place,
Lightly to the warrior stepped,
Took the face-cloth from the face;
Yet she neither moved nor wept.
Now answer the following questions.
1) What did the maiden do?
2) Why did she remove the face-cloth?
3) What does the word ‘lightly’ here mean?
4) What effect did the maiden’s act have on the widows?
5) Identify the rhyming words in the stanza.
Answer:
1) The maiden walked up slowly and quietly to the dead body of the warrior and removed the face-cloth that covered his face.
2) The maiden removed the face-cloth supposing the sight of her husband’s lifeless face would move her and she would cry.
3) Lightly here means slowly and quietly.
4) The sight of her husband’s lifeless face did not have any effect on the widow. Still she did not cry.
5) The rhyming words in the stanza are; place – face; stepped – wept;

4. Read the following stanza.
Rose a nurse of ninety years,
Set his child upon her knee –
Like summer tempest came her tears –
‘Sweet my child, I live for thee’.

Now answer the following questions.
1) How old was the nurse?
2) What did the nurse do?
3) How did the tears come out from the woman’s eyes?
4) Which season of the year is mentioned in the stanza?
5) Pick out the rhyming words from the stanza.
Answer:
1) The nurse was ninety years of age.
2) The nurse placed the widows child on woman’s knee.
3) Tears came out like the summer tempest.
4) The summer season
5) years – tears; knee – thee

Additional Questions:
1) What did the woman do when she saw her child?
2) “Like the summer tempest came her tears” – What figure of speech is used in this line?
3) What is the ‘tempest’ here compared to?
4) Who succeeded in making the woman cry?
5) What did the widow say in the end?
6) What is the meaning of the last line of the stanza?
7) Identified the rhyming words given in the stanza.
8) Why did the widow cry on seeing her child?
Answer:
1) When she saw her child the woman at once cried. The tears came down with the force of a storm.
2) The figure of speech ‘simile’ is used in the above line because the tears are compared to a storm.
3) The tempest is compared to the tears that came down her face with a force.
4) The ninety nine year old nurse succeeded in making her weep.
5) The widow that she would live for her daughter.
6) I would not die with your dead father. I would live for you.
7) Years – tears ; knee – thee.
8) All the while the widow had been thinking of her child. She was thinking who would have to live like without a father. These thoughts made her cry when she saw her child.

C. Reading

1. Read the following passage.

This is a story from China. A long, long time ago, there lived an old woman in a hut in the forest. Her husband had been killed by a tiger some years ago. She was old and weak. Life was difficult for her and her daughter, Slew Mei.
Siew Mei did all the cooking and cleaning herself. She also looked after the silkworms in their garden. The worms gave them fine thread to make beautiful silk. Siew Mei sold the silk to travellers in the village market. In this way, she got enough money to buy food and other things.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Where did this story take place?
2) Whom was the story about?
3) What happened to her husband?
4) Why was life difficult for the woman and her daughter?
5) What did Siew Mei do to earn her living?
Answer:
1) The story took place in China.
2) The story was about a woman and her daughter Siew-Mei.
3) Her husband was killed by a tiger some years ago.
4) The woman lost her husband. She was old and weak. They were poor. So life was difficult for the woman and her daughter.
5) Siew Mei used to look after the silkworms, collect the thread from the silkworms, make beautiful silk and sell the silk in the market and earn enough money to buy food and other things.

2. Read the following passage.
One day as Siew Mei was returning home, it started to rain heavily. It was getting dark, too. Siew Mei ran into the first hut she saw. The door was open and there was no one inside. “Is anybody in?” she called loudly, again and again. But there was no reply.
Siew Mei looked around the hut. The floor was very dirty. Bowls and pots were left unwashed. Siew Mei swept the floor and washed all the bowls and pots.
By the time she had finished, the hut was as clean as a new one. By then the rain had stopped too.“I had better go home,” she said to herself. “Mother will be worried.”
Now answer the following questions.
1) What happened one day when Siew Mei was returning home?
2) Where did she take shelter in the rain?
3) How was the hut?
4) What did Siew Mei do to make hut clean?
5) How was the hut when she was abput to leave the hut?
Answer:
1) One day when Siew Mei was returning home it rained heavily.
2) In the rain she took shelter in a hut.
3) The floor inside the hut was dirty. Bowls and pots were left unwashed.
4) Siew Mei swept the floor, washed all the bowls and pots. She cleaned the hut to look as a new one.
5) When she had finished cleaning, the hut was as clean as a new one.

3. Read the following passage.
As she walked out of the hut, she saw a strange old man. His long beard reached down to his waist. He looked about a hundred years old. The old man looked at Siew Mei and smiled.
“Uncle,” she said, “I went into the hut because it was raining. I hope you don’t mind.” “Not at all, young girl,” replied the old man. His eyes fell on the clean floor and on the bowls and pots. “Did you clean the hut for me?”
“Yes,’’answered Siew Mei. “Let me help you into the hut.”
The old man was very happy. “You’re a very kind girl,” he said. “I must give you a present.”
He took out a pair of scissors and cut off a little of his long white beard. He put it in a piece of old cloth, tied it up, and gave the bundle to her.
“Do not give it to anyone,” said the old man. “Open it when you get home.”

Now answer the following questions.
1) Who did she see when she was about to come out of the hut?
2) How was the old man?
3) According to the old man, what kind of girl was she?
4) “I must give you a present.” – Why did the old man feel that he should give a present to her?
5) What present did the old man give Siew Mei?
6) What do you think was the girl rewarded for?
7) How can you say the girl was kind-hearted?
8) On the name of a present the old man gave her a piece of his beard; Though it was just a hair of the beard the girl accepted it. What does it tell us about the girl?
9) What lesson do you learn from this episode of young girl and old man?
10) Who do you think the old man was?
Answer:
1) The girl saw an old man when she was about to come out of the house.
2) The old man looked about a hundred years old. He had a long beard.
3) According to the old man she was a very good and kind girl.
4) The old man thought that she cleaned the floor of his house, washed the bowls and pots without expecting anything. So he thought he should give her a present.
5) The old man cut off a piece from his long beard, tied it a bundle in a cloth gave it to her as a present.
6) I think the girl was rewarded for her selfless service and for her cleanliness.
7) When the old man was about to enter the hut she offered her that she would help him into
the hut.
8) Whenever an elder person offers us a present, we should accept it without considering its value. Then it will give us good fortune. It is good manners.
9) Your selfless service will fetch you a great reward.
10) I think the old man must be a supernatural creature with holy powers.

4. Read the following passage.
Siew Mei thanked him and went home. Her mother was very glad to see Siew Mei safe.
Siew Mei told her mother about the old-man.
Siew Mei opened the bundle to show her mother the old man’s white beard. To their surprise, they saw the finest silk thread in the whole of China. They began to weave with the silk thread. When they had finished weaving, they bad made the finest silk they had ever seen. They noticed that the bundle of silk thread still remained exactly the same size as before.
News of their wonderful silk spread far and wide. The old woman and her daughter became famous and lived happily ever after.
Now answer the following questions.
1) Why was her mother glad to see Siew Mei?
2) What did Siew Mei show her mother?
3) What made them surprised?
4) What did they do with the silk?
5) What did they notice?
6) Which news spread far and wide?
7) What happened to them?
8) How can you describe the turning of old man’s beard into silk?
9) Do you believe in miracles?
10) If you were Siew Mei, how would you feel?
Answer:
1) It was very, late in the night. And there was a heavy rain. In spite of the rain and the darkness her daughter was able to reach home safely. So she was glad to see her daughter.
2) Siew Mei showed her mother the whiteman’s white beard.
3) When they opened the bundle they did not see the old man’s white beard but they saw the finest silk thread. It made them surprised.
4) They wove the finest silk cloth with the silk.
5) They noticed that the silk thread remained exactly the same size even after they wove the
cloth using it.
6) News of their wonderful silk spread far and wide.
7) The old woman and her daughter became famous for the finest silk they produced.
8) The turning of the beard into silk can be described as a miracle.
9) Yes. I believe in. it because I’ve so many such things. After a dreadful earthquake, though thousands of people lost their lives, a girl was saved alive after a week from the rumblings. Was it not a miracle? So many miracles happened in the human history.
10) I’d be very glad if I were Siew Mei.

Unseen Comprehension

1. Read the following passage carefully.
Have you ever seen a UFO? A UFO is an Unidentified Flying Object, a strange object or light that people see in the sky. Many people believe that these strange lights are really spaceships from another planet.
For years people have seen and heard many odd things in the sky, blinking and glowing . lights, flying objects shaped like saucers, and moving objects making strange noises. Some people have even taken pictures of these unusal sights.
Some of these UFOs are really aeroplanes, weather balloons or meteors. But many UFO reports are still a mystery.
Now answer the following questions.
1) What do people believe about these strange lights?
Answer:
People believe that these strange lights are really spaceships from other planets.

2) What are these UFOs really?
Answer:
These UFOs are really aeroplanes, weather balloons or meteors.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
3) U.F.O stands for: ( )
a) Unknown Flying Object
b) Unidentified Flying Object
c) Unseen Flying Object.
Answer:
b) Unidentified Flying Object

4) U.F.Os are believed to be spaceships from other ( )
a) countries
b) continents
c) planets
Answer:
c) planets

5) Which of the following statements is true? ( )
a) UFOs are make-believe.
b) Moving objects with blinking lights have to be UFOs
c) People have seen moving objects making strange noises.
Answer:
a) UFOs are make-believe.

2. Read the following passage carefully.
Do you know about one of the most famous, monsters in the world? The Loch Ness Monster is a large animal that some people believe lives in Loch Ness, a deep dark lake in Scotland. For many years, hundreds of people have reported seeing something strange in the lake. They have even given it the nick name “Nessie”.
Nessie is said to be about 30 feet long, with a long slender neck, one or two humps and flippers.
There are even pictures that have been taken of a large animal-like shape in the water. Scientists are still trying to solve the mystery of Nessie.
Now answer the following questions.
1) Where do the Loch Ness Monsters live?
Answer:
Loch Ness monsters are said to be lived in the Loch Ness lake in Scotland.

2) How is Nessie?
Answer:
Nessie is said to be about 30 feet long with a long slender neck, one or two humps and flippers.

Choose the correct answer:
3) Actually the Loch Ness is the name of a ( )
a) country.
b) city.
c) lake.
Answer:
c) lake

4) Which of the following is a fact about Nessie? ( )
a) Nessie has a long slender neck.
b) Nessie has flippers.
c) Nessie is a mystery.
Answer:
c) Nessie is a mystery.

5) What was the Nickname given to Loch Ness Monster? ( )
a) Nest
b) Nestle
c) Nessie
Answer:
c) Nessie

3. Read the following passage carefully.
Perhaps you have seen a green, fuzzy spot on bread or cheeses. If so, it was probably mold. Mold is a kind of plant called fungi. The most common molds are green or black. Mold likes to grow in a moist, warm places. But where does it come from?
Mold comes from spores, which exist in the air. If these find a moist, warm place they will produce mold. Mold grows weds of fuzzy branches. It continues to grow as long as the conditions are right.
Foods such as cheese, fruit and bread can develop mold, If they are left out in a warm damp room. Mold may even grow on leather shoes, belts or furniture.
Mold is usually thougt of as a problem. But some molds are valuable to scientists. The most famous mold is called penicillium Notatum. This mold is used to make a valuable drug called penicillin.
Now answer the following questions.
1) What is mold?
Answer:
Mold is a kind of plant called fungi.
2) How are the molds useful to scientists?
Answer:
Some molds are valuable to scientists. Scientist produce a drug called penicillin from the mold ‘Penicillium Notatum’.

Choose the correct answer:
3) Mold grows in ——– places. ( )
a) dry and warm
b) moist and warm
c) dry and cool
Answer:
b) moist and warm

4) Mold comes from: ( )
a) fungi
b) spores
c) pencillin
Answer:
b) spores

5) Penicillium Notation is a ——–. ( )
a) drug
b) plant
c) mold
Answer:
c) mold

4. Read the following passage carefully.
Do you know that you are a mammal? Any animal that gives birth to live babies; not eggs, and feeds ifs young on milk are called mammals. Cows, humans and whales are all mammals. Mammals are warm-blooded animals. Most mammals have hair on their bodies. Many mammals live on land. People, elephants, rabbits, dogs and cows, cats are all land mammals. Some animals like dolphins and whales, live in water. The seal, walrus and otter are mammals that live on land and in the water. Did you know there is even a mammal that flies? It is the bat.

Now answer the following questions.
1) What are called mammals?
Answer:
The animals that give birth to babies, not eggs, and feed their young ones on milk are called mammals.

2) Write some characteristics of mammals.
Answer:
a) Mammals are warm-blooded animals.
b) Mammals have hair on their bodies.

Choose the correct answer:
3) Mammals are ………… animals.  (  )
a) cold blooded
b) warm blooded
c) white blooded
Answer:
b) warm blooded

4) Which of the following is not a mammal?   (  )
a) bat
b) whale
c) hen
Answer:
c) hen

5) Which of the following birds is a mammal?   (  )
a) duck
b) hen
c) bat
Answer:
c) bat

5. Read the following passage.
After the war, our church was in a very bad condition. So we decided to build a new one on the top of a hill just outside the town. We used many different kinds of materials. We built the walls of stone and glass, the heavy doors of wood and metal. From the top of the church there was a wonderful view. You can see the entire town and countryside for miles around. People from all parts of the country visit the church every day. It is such an interesting building..
Now, answer the following questions.
1) What was the condition of the church after the war?
Answer:
The church was in a very bad condition after the war.

2) Where did the people want to build the church?
Answer:
on the top of the hill

3) The walls of the new church were made of …… ( )
a) wood and glass
b) wood and metal
c) stone and glass
Answer:
c) stone and glass

4) The doors were made of ….. ( )
a) metal and wood
b) cement and bricks
c) glass and marble
Answer:
a) metal and wood

5) Choose the correct statement from the following. ( )
a) The new church was built in a town.
b) The new church was in interesting building.
c) The new church had no walls and doors.
Answer:
b) The new church was in interesting building.

6. Read the following passage.

Penny-wise Monkey

Once upon a time, there lived the king of a big and affluent country. The king was quite fond of travelling. Usually, he didn’t like to visit his own country; instead he went to other countries. One day, he assembled his army to move out for a holiday to some distant country. The king and his soldiers walked for the whole morning in the forest. After this, they went into the camp to take some rest.
The horses were also tired, so they were fed with peas. One of the monkeys, who lived in the forest, was keeping a track of the things done by the king’s men from a distance. When he saw peas offered to the horses, he jumped down from the tree at once to get some of them. He quickly gobbled some peas, also filled his mouth and hands with them. Then, he went up the tree and sat down, to eat the peas.
As and when, he sat there to eat peas; one pea fell from his hand to the ground. The greedy monkey dropped all the peas he had in his hands and ran down to look for the lost pea at once. Unluckily, he could not find that one pea. He climbed up the tree again and sat at rest. He was looking very sad. He said to himself, “To get one pea, I threw away what I had”.
The king was watching the monkey from the camp and said to himself, “I would not be like this stupid monkey, who lost much to gain a little. I will go back to my own country and enjoy what I have”. Thus, the king and his army marched back to their own country.

Now, answer the following questions.
1) Why did the king want to visit other countries?
Answer:
because he was quite fond of travelling

2) What did the monkey see?
Answer:
The monkey saw peas being offered to the horses.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given below.
3) The monkey gobbled the peas in a particular way.
From this, we know that ….. ( )
a) the monkey was kind
b) the monkey was greedy
c) the monkey wanted just enough to eat
Answer:
b) the monkey was greedy

4) Another possible title to the story is ….. ( )
a) The Horses and the Monkey
b) The Wise Monkey
c) Penny-wise and Pound-foolish
Answer:
c) Penny-wise and Pound-foolish

5) Choose the correct statement from the following. ( )
a) The king learnt that it is foolish to lose more to gain little.
b) The king learnt that it is good to take risk in life.
c) The king learnt that without pain there cannot be any gain.
Answer:
a) The king learnt that it is foolish to lose more to gain little.

Unseen (Data Interpretation)

1. Study the following bar graph and answer the questions that follow.

Now answer the following questions.
1) What does the above bar graph show?
Answer:
The above bar graph shows the project exports contracts secured by a company during the period 1984-88.

2) What is the maximum value of exports secured in all the five years?
Answer:
The maximum value of exports secured ip all the years is 143.9 crores in the year 1987.

Choose the correct answer:
3) In which year the minimum value of exports secured? ( )
a) 1988
b) 1984
c) 1985
Answer:
a) 1988

4) In which year the project exports declined by 33% when compared to the previous year? ( )
a) 1988
b) 1985
c) 1986
Answer:
b) 1985

5} In which year the project exports rised to high extent? ( )
a) 1985
b) 1988
c) 1987
Answer:
c) 1987

2. Read the following table.
The table below shows the estimated cost (in Rs. Lakhs) of a project of laying of a railway line between two places.

Now answer the following questions.
1) What does the above table show?
Answer:
The table shows the estimated cuts of a project of laying a railway line between two places.

2) What is the total cost spent on laying the railway line?
Answer:
705.3 lakh rupees.

Choose the correct answer:
3) In which year very least total amount is spent? ( )
a) 1991
b) 1990
c) 1988
Answer:
c) 1988

4) In which year maximum amount is spent? ( )
a) 1989
b) 1990
c) 1991
Answer:
a) 1989

5) In which year the maximum amount is spent on Cement? ( )
a) 1988
b) 1989
c) 1981
Answer:
b) 1989

3. Read the following table showing Endocrine glands, hormones they release and their functions.

Now answer the following questions
1) What does the table show?
Answer:
The table shows endocrine glands, hormones they secrete and their functions.

2) Which gland stimulates glucose uptake in all cells?
Answer:
Pancreas stimulates glucose uptake in all cells.

Choose the correct answer:
3) Which of the following glands stimulates heart rate and blood pressure? ( )
a) pituitary
b) parathyroid
c) adrenal
Answer:
c) adrenal

4) Which of the following glands releases growth hormone? ( )
a) pancreas
b) parathyroid
c) pituitary
Answer:
c) pituitary

5) Which of the following glands stimulates metabolism and heart rate ? ( )
a) pituitary
b) thyroid
c) adrenal
Answer:
b) thyroid

4. Study the following table:

Now answer the following questions.
1) What does the table show?
Answer:
The table shows the openers with more than 8000 runs in one day internationals.

2) Who was the highest scorer as an opener in ODIs?
Answer:
Sachin Tendulkar was the highest scorer in one day internationals as an opener.

Choose the correct answer:
3) How many centuries were scored by Sachin as an opener? ( )
a) 75 b) 28 c) 45
Answer:
c) 45

4) Who was the second highest scorer as an opener? ( )
a) Adam Gilchrist
b) Sanath Jayasurya
c) Sourav Ganguly
Answer:
b) Sanath Jayasurya

5) The average of which two openers is almost equal? ( )
a) Desmond Haynes and Chris Gayle
b) Sourav Ganguly and Desmond Haynes
c) Chris Gayle and Saeed Anwar
Answer:
b) Sourav Ganguly and Desmond Haynes

5. The following table shows the marks secured by some students in a school exam.

Now, answer the following questions.
1) What information is the table likely to-show?
Answer:
The marks scored by some students in a school exam.

2) Identify the two low scores in English.
Answer:
64 and 73 respectively scored by Suresh and Vineela

Choose the correct answer from the choices given below.
3) Find out the subject that was scored well by all students. ( )
a) Maths
b) English
c) Telugu
Answer:
b) English

4) Which is the subject the students need to improve? ( )
a) Sciences
b) English
c) Hindi
Answer:
c) Hindi

5) Choose the correct statement from the fallowing: ( )
a) Mohini scored the least score in total score.
b) Vineela scored the highest total in all subjects.
c) Suresh scored least marks in social studies.
Answer:
c) Suresh scored least marks in social studies.

Section – B: Creative Writing

1. Rewrite the playlet “Alexander the Great” as a short story.
Answer:
Alexander was a king of Macedonia. He was the disciple of the greatest Greek philosopher, Aristotle. His aim in his life was to conquer the world. He had defeated so many kings in the middle east the western Asia and reached the North-western India. In the northern India he had to fight with Puru, a great king and a brave soldier. Puru was a noble patriot. He did not like India to be conquered by any foreign ruler. So he decided to fight against Alexander. There was a great battle, between Alexander and Puru on the banks of Jhelum. His soldiers, generals fought bravely. Puru also fought like a tiger. He killed hundreds of Greek soldiers and injured many with his sword. Puru lost the battle though his generals and soldiers fought bravely. Puru lost the battle as he had used the oldest methods of warfare and he used elephants. Puru was gravely injured and chained in the battle. He was brought before Alexander. Alexander liked his bravery and courage. He did not like such a great king to be in captivity., He asked his soldiers to remove his chains. Alexander asked Puru to be his vassal. But Puru refused. Alexander asked him why he rejected his offer.- Puru said that he was the lawful owner of his kingdom. He asked Puru how he should treat him. Puru asked to treat him as his equal. Alexander liked his bravery, gave back his kingdom. Alexander liked Puru’s self-respect, so became his best friend.

2. You’ve read the playlet Puru the Brave. You liked it very much. You liked the characters both Alexander and Puru. Write a letter to your friend describing why you liked both of them.
Answer:

Tenali.
24.5.20xx.

Dear Krishna,
I hope this letter finds you in the best of health and spirits. All of us are doing fine here. It has been a very long since we met or wrote to each other. So I thought of penning down a few lines to check things with you. The primary purpose of writing this letter to you is to make you know about two great heroes of history. They are Alexandar and Puru, the great.
You must have heard about these two in our lesson-“Puru, the Great.” After reading this lesson I’ve inspired with the great qualities of Alexander and Purushotham. Both are courageous and valient people. Both are noble. Both respected each other’s sovereignty. Alexander was such a noble personality that he respected the bravery, patriotism, and his love for free¬dom and sovereignty. For Puru the only thing that Puru valued very much was the freedom, independence and sovereignty of his kingdom. Nothing is valuable for him more than that. Puru rejected the proposal of Alexander to be as his vassal. He fought bravely like a lion until the end with the means and warfare available to him. In my opinion he was a true hero. What is your opinion about Puru? What do you think about Alexander ?
Write a replay to me describing your feelings about these two great personalities. Convey my regards to your parents and my best wishes to you sister.
Yours lovingly,
xxxxxx
Address on the Envelope:
R Ravi Kumar,
S/o Surya Narayana,
H.No: 1 – 20 – 22/A,
Malladivari Street,
Gandhinagar,
Vijayawada.

3. In the lesson ‘Puru, the Brave’ you have read about the bravery of Puru. Now imagine that you are making a speech on the bravery of Puru at the time of Independence Day celebrations and prepare a draft for it.
Use the following hints to write a script for the speech.
Puru – one of the greatest Indian kings – fought with Alexander bravely – his soldiers – fought like tigers – Puru killed at least a 100 Greek soldiers – injured many more – but finally injured and captured – did not lose his courage – said he was a lawful king – Alexander pleased with his words – treated him like his brother – gave his kingdom back.
Answer:
Respected teachers and dear friends,
Good morning to everyone. I, S. Haneesh, stand before you to speak about the bravery of Puru on this auspicious occasion of Independence Day.
Puru was one of the greatest Indian kings. He fought with Alexander bravely. His soldiers fought like tigers. Puru killed at least a hundred Greek soldiers and he injured many more. But finally he was injured and captured by the Greek.
He did not lose his courage even though he was captured. When Alexander asked Puru whether he would accept the former’s supremacy and remain his vassal. Puru said that he was still the lawful king of his kingdom so refused his proposal. Alexander was pleased with his words and treated him like his brother. He gave his kingdom back.
Thank you one and all for giving me this opportunity.

1. Write a story using the following hints.
A carpenter – working – under tree – daily cut wood into pieces – made windows, doors, furniture – one day – cutting a’beam with a saw – put a small plug in it- went home for food – meanwhile – monkeys came down from tree – ran here and there – jumped over timber – one monkey removed plug from beam – tail was caught in crevice – cried and died at last – moral: Mischievous deeds – dangerous.
Answer:
Once a carpenter was working under the shadow of a tree. Daily he used to cut the wood into small pieces. He made many windows, doors and other furniture.
One day while he was cutting a beam with a saw, he put a small plug in it. He went home for food at mid-day. Meanwhile some monkeys came down from the tree. They ran here and  there and jumped over the timber. One of the monkeys removed the plug from the beam. Its tail was caught in the crevice. It cried and cried and died at last.
Moral: Mischievous deeds are dangerous.

2. Write a story using the. hints given below.
A farmer – lived in village – brought up goose – gave him – a golden egg – every day – sold golden eggs – became rich – thought – many golden eggs – in the stomach – killed the goose – could not get more than one golden egg – felt sorry for his greed.
Answer:
Once there lived a farmer in a certain village. He brought up a goose. Everyday it gave him a golden egg. The farmer sold the golden eggs and soon became rich. One day an idea struck in his mind. He thought that there would be many golden eggs in the stomach of the goose. So he killed the goose. He searched the dead body for golden eggs. He could not get more than one golden egg. He felt sorry for his greed.
Moral: Avarice causes sorrow.

3. Write a story Using the following hints.
A clever thief – Veerappa robs the rich – gives all to the sick and the needy – other thieves jealous – plan to get rid of him – challenge Veerappa to steal the king’s pyjamas – Veerappa accepts challenge – dressed like a soldier – finds king sleeping – opens a bottle of red ants on the bed – king badly bitten – king cries for help – servants rush in – king pretends to look for ants – Veerappa – removes king’s trousers – escapes – other thieves shocked – accept Veerappa – their leader.
Answer:
Once there was a clever thief Veerappa. He robs the rich and gives all the money to the sick and the needy. Other thieves are jealous of him. They plan to get rid of him. They challenge Veerappa to steal the king’s pyjamas. Veerappa accepts the challenge.
He dresses himself like a soldier and enters the palace. He finds the king sleeping. He opens a bottle of red ants on the king’s bed. The king is badly bitten and cries for help. Servants come rushing in. The king pretends to look for ants. Veerappa removes the king’s pyjamas and escapes from there.
Other thieves who challenged him are shocked. They accept Veerappa as their leader.

4. You are suffering from severe headache. You are not able to sit in the class. You did not take lunch because of this. You want to leave early to take rest.
Now, write a letter to your Class teacher and request permission for leaving early. Explain the reasons for requesting permission.
Answer:
To
The Class Teacher,
Class VII, A/S,
Municipal Boys High School,
Tenali.

Respected Sir,
I am suffering from severe headache. I am not able to sit in the class. I did not take lunch because of this bad headache. I want to take rest by leaving early.
Hence I request you to grant me leave for a half day (the post lunch session of today). Thanking you sir,

Yours obediently,
x x x x x
Roll No: 23,
Class VII, A/S.

Vocabulary

Read the following paragraph and write the synonyms of the underlined words choosing the words from the words given in the box.
1.

I see that you mean, and here I agree with you. The Indian generals are still following old methods (a) of warfare (b). Their battle (c) plans are faulty (d) and they depend too much upon their elephants.
Answer:
a) ways
b) activity of fighting a war
c) war
d) defective

2.

First general: He was badly (a) injured (b) himself.
Second general: That’s why we were able to capture (c) him.
Alexander: Oh! He is a brave (d) man and a great soldier. I wish he were one of my generals.
Answer:
a) in a bad way
b) hurt
c) arrest
d) courageous

3.

Alexander: A soldier is not a soldier if he is not proud. I am not angry with him at all. He was not frightened (a) by the news of my victories (b) and refused (c) to bow (d) before me.
First general: He will be brought to Your Majesty soon. Let us see how he behaves.
Alexander: I’m sure he will not behave like a coward (e).
Answer:
a) afraid
b) win
c) declined
d) obey
e) timid

4.

Alexander: All right. Are you sorry for the mistake (a) you made, Puru?
Puru: I made no mistake, sir.
Alexander: Didn’t you reject (b) my proposal (c)?
Puru: I did. I refused to be your vassal (d).
Answer:
a) a wrong doing
b) disagree
c) suggestion
d) a subordinate king

5.

First general: (softly (a) to the second General) He is, indeed (b), a very proud man.
Alexander: Don’t you realize (c) that you are my prisoner?
Puru: I do, but that doesn’t make any difference to me. I’m still the lawful (d) king of my country.
Answer:
a) quietly
b) realty
c) understand
d) legitimate

6.

If you mean they are as brave (a) as the Greek Generals, I agree (b) with you.
Answer:
a) noble
b) accept

Read the following paragraph and write the antonyms of the underlined words.

1. Third general: I’ve never (a) fought such a battle before.
Fourth general: I haven’t either. Until the (b) moment, I couldn’t believe that we would be able to defeat (c) the army of Puru.
Alexander: Yes, it has been a great (d) battle.
Answer:
a) always
b) first
c) win
d) small

2. Second general: But their generals aren’t so good (a) as ours.
Alexander: If you mean they aren’t so brave (b) as the Greek generals, I don’t agree (c) with you.
Second general: But they aren’t very skilful (d), Your Highness.
Answer:
a) bad
b) timid
c) refuse
d) unskillful

3. Alexander: The Indian generals are still following the old (a) methods of warfare.
Their battle plans are faulty (b) and they depend too much upon their elephants. But as fighters they are wonderful. I have the highest (c) respect (d) for them.
Answer:
a) new
b) correct
c) lowest
d) disrespect

4. Alexander: A soldier is not a soldier if he is not proud (a). I’m not angry (b) with him at all. He was not frightened (c) by the news of my victories (d) and refused to bow before me.
Answer:
a) humble
b) calm
c) comforted
d) defeats

5. Alexander: Didn’t you reject (a) my proposal?
Puru: I did. I refused (b) to be your vassal.
Alexander: Do you know that many kings have gladly (c) agreed to be my vassals?
Puru: I know that, and I also know that none of them is Puru.
First general: (softly (d) to the second General) He is, indeed, a very proud man.
Answer:
a) accept
b) agreed
c) sadly
d) loudly

6. Puru: I do, but that doesn’t make any difference (a) to me. I’m still the lawful (b) king of my country.
Alexander: How shall L treat you?
Puru: As a king should treat another king.
Alexander: Puru, you are a brave man. I’m pleased (c) with you. I want to make friends with you. Will you be a friend (d) to me?
Answer:
a) similarity
b) illegitimate
c) displeased
d) enemy

7. Puru you are a brave (a) man. I am pleased (b) with you.
Answer:
a) timid
b) displeased

Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the words given in brackets.

1. Second general: But they aren’t very ___________ (a) (skilful/skilfully). Your Highness.
Alexander: I see what you mean, and here I agree with you. The ___________ (b) (Indian/India) generals are still following the old methods of warfare. Their battle plans are ___________ (c) (fault/faulty) and they depend too much upon their elephants. But as fighters they are ___________ (d) (wonder/wonderful). I have the highest respect for them.
Answer:
a) skilful
b) Indian
c) faulty
d) wonderful

2. Alexander: Didn’t you reject my __________ (a) (proposal/propose)?
Puru: I did. I refused to be your vassal.
Alexander: Do you know that many kings have ___________ (b) (gladly/glad) agreed to be my vassals?
Puru: I know that, and I also know that none of (c) (they/them) is Puru.
First general ___________ (d) ((soft/softly) to the second General) He is, indeed, a very proud man.
Answer:
a) proposal
b) gladly
c) them
d) softly

3. One day as Siew Mei was returning home, it started to ___________ (a) (rain/raining) ___________ (b) (heavy/heavily). It was getting dark, too. Siew Mei ran into the first hut she saw. The door was ___________ (c) (open/opened) and there was no one inside. Is anybody in?” she called ___________ (d) (loud/loudly), again and again. But there was no reply.
Answer:
a) rain
b) heavily
c) open
d) loudly

4. Alexander: Don’t you ____________ (a) (realize/realization) that you are my prisoner?
Puru: I do, but that doesn’t make any ___________ (b) (different/difference) to me.
I’m still the lawful king of my country.
Answer:
a) realize
b) difference

a) Complete the following words using ai, au, ea, ee, ei, ie, oo, ou, ua, ue.

1. I could (a) bel _ _ ve that we would be able to (b) def _ _ t the army of Puru.
2. I must say every Indian (a) sold _ _ r (b) f _ _ ght like a tiger.
3. Their battle plans are (a) f _ _ lty and they depend too much upon th _ _ r elephants.
4. He (a) contin _ _ d to fight even when others had left the (b) f _ _ ld.
5. He will be (a) br _ _ ght to Your Majesty (b) s _ _ n.
6. Has he(a) b _ _ n put in (b) ch _ _ ns?
7. Puru joins the palms of his hands and raises them to his (a) foreh _ _ d to return the (b) gr _ _ ting.
8. He is, (a) ind _ _ d, a very (b) pr _ _ d man.
9. I’m (a) pl _ _ sed with you. I want to make (b) fr _ _ nds with you.
10. My kingdom should (a) rem _ _ n independent and you should treat me as your (b) eq _ _ l.
11. Third General: I’ve never f _ _ ght (a) such a battle before.
Fourth General: I haven’t _ _ ther (b). Until the last moment. I couldn’t believe that we would be able to defeat the army of Puru.
Answer:
1. a) believe b) defeat
2. a) soldier b) fought
3. a) faulty b) their
4. a) continued b) field
5. a) brought b) soon
6. a) been b) chains
7. a) forehead b) greeting
8. a) indeed b) proud
9. a) pleased b) friends
10. a) remain b) equal
11. a) fought b) either

b) Complete the words with the correct suffixes given in brackets.

1. But as (a) fight…… (ers/ors) they are (b) wonder…… (full/ful).
2. He was not (a) fright …… (end/ened) by the news of my (b) victo …… (rys/ries).
3. I do, but that doesn’t make any (a) differ…… (ence/ance) to me. I’m still the (b)…… law (full/ful) king of my country.
4. My (a) king…… (dam/dom) should remain (b) indepen…… (dent/dant).
5. (a) Didn’t you reject my propo…… (sel/sal)?
(b) I’m proud of your friend…… (ship/sheep).
6. Alexander: What is that (a) condi …… (tion/sion)?
Puru: My kingdom should remain (b) independ ……(ant/ent) and you should treat me as your equal.
Answer:
1. a) fighters b) wonderful
2. a) frightened b) victories
3. a) difference b) lawful
4. a) kingdom b) independent
5. a) proposal b) friendship
6. a) condition b) independent

c) Find the wrongly spelt word and write the correct spelling.
i) driver; teacher; preacher; warrier
ii) general; conquer; solder; history
iii) batil; world; moment; defeat
iv) careful; wonderful; beautiful; skilfull
v) dependent; confident; resident; elephent
vi) coward; capture; victory; proposel
vii) prisoner; soldier; collecter; wonder
viii) raise; praise; surpraise; paise
ix) soldier; honour; haspital; music
x) proposel; respect; great; people
Answer:
i) warrior
ii) soldier
iii) battle
iv) skilful
v) elephant
vi) proposal
vii) collector
viii) surprise
ix) hospital
x) proposal

Put the following words under correct headings.

A.

Answer:

B.

Answer:

C.

Answer:

D.

Answer:

E.

Answer:

A) Write meaningful sentences using the words given below.
i) never:
ii) either:
iii) perhaps:
iv) every:
v) many more:
vi) wish:
vii) indeed:
viii) still:
Answer:
i) My friend Ravi never tells lies.
ii) There is a door at either end of the corridor.
iii) Perhaps you are going home.
iv) Our principal knows every student in school.
v) One is not enough. I want many more.
vi) I wish I had wings.
vii) It is indeed a remarkable achievement.
viii) They began quarrelling early in the morning, it is 12 noon. Still they are quarrelling.

B) Look at the following words from the text:
1. independent 2. difference
The word ‘precaution’ consists of two parts – ‘in-’ and ‘dependent’ (prefix + root).
The word ‘dangerous’ consists of two parts ‘differ’ and ‘-ence’ (root + suffix).
1. Add appropriate prefixes/suffixes to the following roots to make new words. The first one is done for you.

Prefix	Root	New Word
dis-	courage	discourage
	active
	legal
	able
	believe

Root	Suffix	New Word
king-	dom	kingdom
rich
brave
fame
boy

Answer:

Prefix	Root	New Word
dis-	courage	discourage
in-	active	inactive
il-	legal	illegal
dis-	believe	disbelieve
un-	able	unable

2. Add appropriate suffixes (-dom, -ry, -ous, -ness) to the following root words to make new words.
(One is done for you as an example)

Root Word	Suffix to be added	New word
1. king	-dom	kingdom
2. govern	-ment	…………………….
3. associate	-ion	…………………….
4. depend	-ent	…………………….
5. fame	-ous	…………………….

Answer:

Root word	Suffix to be added	New word
1. king	– dom	kingdom
2. govern	– ment	government
3. associate	– ion	association
4. depend	– ent	dependent
5. fame	– ous	famous

3. Add appropriate suffixes (-ment, -ful, -ly, -ry, -ous, -ness) to the following root words to make new words.
(One is done for you as an example)

Root word	Suffix to be added	New word
1) disgrace	-ful	disgraceful
2) arrange	-ment	…………………….
3) fixed	-ly	…………………….
4) dark	-ness	…………………….
5) brave	-ry	…………………….

Answer:

Root word	Suffix to be added	New word
1. disgrace	-ful	disgraceful
2. arrange	-ment	arrangement
3. fixed	-ly	fixedly
4. dark	-ness	darkness
5. brave	-ry	bravery

C) Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with suitable forms (after adding a prefix/suffix) of the words in brackets.

1. He was acting in a very ________________ way. (child).
2. This word is very difficult to spell, and even worse, its ________________. (pronounce)
3. You shouldn’t have done that! it was very _________________ of you. (think)
4. He didn’t pass his exam. He was ___________ in the second attempt. (succeed)
5. Some of the Indian cities are dreadfully __________________. (crowd)
6. The team won the ________________. (champion)
7. There is a very high ________________ that they will be late. (likely)
8. I couldn’t find any ________________ in his theory. (weak)
9. There was a three-hour __________________ because of the strike. (stop)
10. You need a motivation, organizatiòn and revision to learn ________________ English. (combine)
Answer:
1) childish
2) pronunication
3) ill thinking
4) successful
5) crowdy
6) championship
7) likelihood
8) weakness
9) stoppage
10) combination

Grammar

1. Edit the following passage correcting the underlined parts.

1. Tigers lives (a) in different parts of Asia and Siberia. The tiger or (b) the lion are the biggest animals in the cat family. An (c) male tiger is about 10 feet long. Their (d) coat is yellow and black.
2. Around the earth there was (a) atmosphere who (b) is like a rind round the (c) fruit. It is made up of oxygen, nitrogen, water vapour or (d) a number of other gases.
3. In a village there lived a boy and his mother. There (a) are (b) very poor. The boy collected wood in (c) the forest and sold it. He cuts (d) down small trees also.
4. The Banyan tree is possibly a (a) biggest and friendliest of all our trees. We did (b) not see many banyan trees in our cities nowadays. This (c) trees require plenty of trees for (d) spread themselves.
5. Once there was (a) an eagle and a (b) owl in a forest. They are (c) good friends. The eagle eats the young ones of all birds of (d) the forest.
6. One day an (a) merchant and his son went to a town to buy a new car. They pay (b) a huge amount but (c) bought a beautiful black car. Then they both came to there (d) village in that car.
Answer:
1. a) live b) and c) A d) Its
2. a) is b) which c) a d) and
3. a) They b) were c) from d) cut
4. a) the b) do c) These d) to
5. a) were b) an c) were d) in
6. a) a b) paid c) and d) their

2. Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the correct options given against the number of blanks.

1. Every Sunday Daniel and his family ________ (1) to the beach. They live far ________ (2) the beach. _________ (3) once a week the family gets into the car and Daniel’s father sleeps for hours _________ (4) they reach the beach.
1) A) goes B) went C) go D) going
2) A) away B) from C) to D) of
3) A) and B) but C) or D) yet
4) A) till B) to C) until D) up to
Answer:
1-C; 2-B; 3-B; 4-C

2. Mahatma Gandhi freed India from ________ (1) British Empire. He did not ________ (2) the British _________ (3) guns _________ (4) he loved all people.
1) A) a B) an C) the D) some
2) A) fight B) fought C) fighted D) fighting
3) A) from B) by C) with D) on
4) A) so B) because C) why D) for
Answer:
1-C; 2-A; 3-C; 4-B

3. Of all ________ (1) creatures, butterflies are perhaps ________ (2) most beautiful. They have such brightly _________ (3) wings. If you look at the wings ________ (4) a magnifying glass, you will see that they are covered by tiny scales.
1) A) fly B) flying C) flew D) flown
2) A) a B) an C) the D) some
3) A) colour B) colours C) coloured D) colouring
4) A) from B) in C) into D) through
Answer:
1-B; 2-C; 3-C; 4-D

4. Atmosphere makes _________ (1) earth a planet of life. It _________ (2) us with the air to breathe, protects _________ (3) from dangerous solar rays _________ (4) saves us from the extremes of heat and cold.
1) A) a B) an C) the D) that
2) A) supply B) supplies C) supplied D) supplying
3) A) we B) us C) our D) ours
4) A) but B) and C) or D) yet
Answer:
1-C; 2-B; 3-B; 4-B

5. When Sita was a small girl she knew _________ (1) it was like to be cold _________ (2) hungry. Her parents ________ (3) very poor. On some days there would be no food in the house _________ (4) them and children.
1) A) that B) what C) which D) who
2) A) or B) but C) and D) yet
3) A) are B) was C) were D) is
4) A)to B)for C)from D)on
Answer:
1-B; 2-C; 3-C; 4-B

6. A farmer had two sons. The first son used to _______ (1) in the fields and spent a lot of time with ___________ (2) father. The second son __________ (3) a business in a town. He earned a _________ (4) of money than he should.
1. A) works B) worked C) work D) working
2. A) his B) he C) himself D) him
3. A) was run B) running C) will run D) was running
4. A) much B) lot C) many D) more
Answer:
1-C; 2-A; 3-D; 4-B

A. Write the other degrees of the following adjectives/adverbs.

Positive Degree	Comparative Degree	Superlative Degree
nice
short
big
great
fast
worthy
frightened
lawful
much
rich

Answer:

Positive Degree	Comparative Degree	Superlative Degree
nice	nicer	nicest
short	shorter	shortest
big	bigger	biggest
great	greater	greatest
fast	faster	fastest
worthy	worthier	worthiest
frightened	more frightened	most frightened
lawful	more lawful	most lawful
much	more	most
rich	richer	richest

B. Choose the right answers.
Read the following sentences and say what they mean. Choose the right answer from the choices given.
1. Can I see the manager? ( )
(a) making a suggestion
(b) seeking permission
(c) making a request
Answer:
(b) seeking permission

2. You can go now. ( )
(a) giving advice
(b) giving permission
(c) expressing possibility
Answer:
(b) giving permission

3. Can I help you? ( )
(a) seeking permission
(b) asking for help
(c) offering help
Answer:
(c) offering help

4. Could I give you a cup of coffee? ( )
(a) making an offer
(b) seeking permission
(c) asking a question
Answer:
(a) making an offer

5. Wasn’t it very kind of you? ( )
(a) suggesting
(b) congratulating
(c) thanking
Answer:
(c) thanking

D. Fill in the blanks with appropriate forms of the verbs given in brackets.

1. She usually ______________ (wear) Punjabi dress, but today she ______________ (wear) jeans.
2. He usually ______________ (wear) shoes, but today he ______________ (wear) sandals.
3. She always _______________ (tell) lies.
4. He always ______________ (come) late to school.
5. He never ______________ (sing) songs.
6. Sometimes the wind _______________ (blow) very fast.
7. He often ______________ (go) to pictures.
8. She rarely ______________ (eat) meat.
9. My father ______________ (read) newspaper daily.
10. They ______________ (visit) Ooty every year.
Answer:
1) wears, is wearing
2) wear, is wearing
3) tells
4) comes
5) sings
6) blows
7) goes
8) eats
9) reads
10) visit

E. i) Now fill in the blanks in the following paragraph with ‘should’ or ‘must’.
I …..(1)….. say that you …..(2)….. come to school regularly because you cannot miss important lessons. You …..(3)….. attend extra classes in time tomorrow. Otherwise I will punish you. You …..(4)….. return my book which I gave you a month ago. You …..(5)….. change your habits otherwise you will not come up in life.
Answer:
1) should; 2) must; 3) must; 4) must; 5) should

ii) Now read the conversation between a doctor and a patient and fill in the blanks with should (should not) and must(must not).
Doctor: Mr. Rao, what exactly is your problem?
Patient: I’ve been suffering from gastric problem for a long time.
Doctor: Mr. Rao, I …..(1)….. say you …..(2)….. eat non-vegetarian or spicy food for some time.
Patient: Can I eat boiled eggs or omelettes, doctor?
Doctor: Isn’t an egg non-vegetarian? You …..(3)….. eat any non vegetarian food for quite some time. In fact, you …..(4)….. have stopped eating it long ago. You ….(5)….. consult me in a week.
Patient: I am sorry, doctor. I won’t eat non-vegetarian food any longer. You are quite correct, doctor. I …..(6)….. take youe advice and …..(7)….. avoid eating non-vegetarian and spicy food. Thank you very much, doctor.
Doctor: Yor are welcome. I think you …..(8)….. remember my advice.
Answer:
1) should; 2) must not; 3) must not; 4) should; 5) should; 6) should; 7) must; 8) should

F. Change the following sentences into other forms of comparison as indicated in brackets.
1. Rahul Dravid is one of the greatest batsmen in the world, (comparative degree)
2. Alexander was the greatest soldier in the world.( positive degree)
3. India is one of the fastest developing countries in the world. (comparative degree)
4. No other river in the world is so long as the Nile. (superlative degree)
5. Hindi is one of the most popular languages in India. (positive degree)
6. Lara is not so great as Tendulkar. (comparative degree)
7. Rekha is one of the most beautiful girls in the class. (positive degree)
8. Very few metals are as expensive as platinum. (comparative degree)
9. Shimla is colder than all other hill stations in the Himachal Pradesh. (superlative degree)
10. Delhi is one of the most crowded cities of India. (positive degree)
Answer:
1) Rahul Dravid is greater than most other batsmen in the world.
2) No other soldier in the world is so great as Alexander.
3) India is faster developing than most other countries in the world.
4) The Nile is the longest river in the world.
5) Very few languages in India are as popular as Hindi.
6) Tendulkar is greater than Lara.
7) Very few girls in the class are as beautiful as Rekha.
8) Platinum is more expensive than most other metals.
9) Shimla is the coldest of all the hill stations in the Himachal Pradesh,
10) Very few cities in India are as crowded as Delhi.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Important Questions Unit 2

7th Class English Important Questions Unit 2

Section – A: Reading Comprehension

A. Reading

1. Read the following passage carefully.

On the busy Bowbazaar Street in Calcutta there was an old building. It was the headquarters of the Indian Association for Cultivation of Science. In December, on a fine evening in 1927, there was much excitement in one of its laboratories. Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman was showing a visitor some of his instruments when a young man, K.S.Krishnan, rushed in and announced, “Professor Compton has won the Nobel Prize.”

Now answer the following questions:
1) What was there in the old building?
2) Where was the Indian Association for cultivation of Science located ?
3) When did this incident take place?
4) Why was there such an excitement in the laboratory?
5) Who was the famous scientist mentioned in the passage?
6) What was C.V. Raman doing?
7) Who was the young man mentioned in the passage?
8) What did K.S. Krishnan announce?
9) Who won the Nobel Prize?
10) When did professor Compton win Nobel Prize?
Answers:
1) In the old building there was the head quarters of the Indian Association for Cultivation of Science.
2) The head quarters of the Indian Association for Cultivation of Science was located in Bowbazaar street in Calcutta.
3) This incident took place in December of 1927.
4) C.V. Raman was showing a visitor some of his instruments.
5) C.V. Raman was the famous scientist mentioned in the passage.
6) C.V. Raman was showing a visitor some of his instruments.
7) The young man mentioned in this passage was K.S. Krishnan.
8) K.S. Krishnan announced that Professor Compton had won the Nobel Prize.
9) Professor Compton won the Nobel Prize.
10) Professor Compton won the Nobel Prize in 1927.

2. Read the following passage carefully.

Raman was equally delighted. “Excellent news,” he said, smiling at the visitor and then he was lost in thought. “But…. look here, Krishnan,” he said turning to the young man, “if this. Compton Effect is true of X-rays, it must be true of light too.”
A few years earlier, A.H.Compton had shown that the nature of X-rays changes when passed through matter. The change was dependent on the kind of matter. This effect was called the ‘Compton Effect.’

Now answer the following questions:
1) Why was Raman equally delighted?
2) What was the ‘Excellent news’?
3) “He was lost in thoughts” – What was he thinking?
4) What was the assumption made by C.V. Raman?
5) What do you mean by ‘Compton Effect’?
6) What did A.H. Compton show?
7) Does the nature of X-rays change in the same way when pass through all kinds matter?
8) “It must be true of light too” – What does ‘it’ refer to?
9) If A.H. Compton had not discovered the Compton Effect, do you think Raman would have discovered the ‘Raman Effect’?
10) What does the change of nature of X-rays depend on?
Answers:
1) “If the Compton Effect of X-rays is true. It must be true of light too.” It made C.V. Raman equally delighted.
2) The news that “Professor Compton has won the Nobel Prize” was excellent.
3) He was thinking that, if the Compton Effect of X-rays is true, it must be true of light too.
4) If Compton Effect is true of X-rays, it must be true of light too. ’
5) The nature of X-rays changes when passed through matter. The matter was dependent on the
kind of matter. The effect was known as ‘The Compton Effect”.
6) A.H. Compton showed that the nature of X- rays changes when passed through matter.
7) No. The nature of X-rays changes dependent on the kind of matter.
8) The assumption that the nature of light changes when it passes through matter.
9) From the passage we can understand that C.V. Raman had already formulated his theory and he was about to announce his ‘Raman Effect’. But the Compton Effect give him confidence. Hence I can say if Compton Effect had not been discovered C.V. Raman would have discovered his ‘Raman Effect’.
10) The nature of X-rays change when it passes through matter depending on the kind of matter.

3. Read the following passage.

Could light also change its nature when passed through a transparent medium? That was the question that Raman asked himself. For five years he had been doing research in optics, the science of light. No sophisticated equipment was available in his laboratory, but Raman was confident that he could find the answer with some modifications in his equipment.
Four months later, on March 16,1928, Raman announced his discovery of ‘new radiation’ (describing the behaviour of a beam of light passing through a liquid chemical) to an assembly of scientists at Bangalore (now called Bengaluru).

Now answer the following questions :
1) What was the question Raman asked himself?
2) How long had he been doing research on light?
3) What do you mean by optics?
4) What was the setback faced by C.V. Raman in his research?
5) How was C.V. Raman able to find solution to his problem?
6) When did Raman announce his discovery?
7) What was the discovery made by C.V. Raman?
8) How is Bangalore now called?
9) Where did Raman announce his discovery?
10) To whom did C.V. Raman reveal his discovery to?
Answers :
1) Raman asked himself whether light could also change its nature when passed through a transparent medium.
2) He had been doing research on light for five years.
3) Optics means the science of light.
4) No sophisticated equipment was available in his laboratory.
5) Ramart was able to find the answer with some modifications in his equipment.
6) Raman announced his discovery on 16th March, 19281
7) Raman discovered ‘new radiation’ describing the behaviour of a beam of light passing through a liquid chemical.
8) Bangalore is now called ‘Bengaluru’.
9) Raman announced his discovery in Bengaluru.
10) C.V. Raman described his discovery to an assembly of scientists.

4. Read the following passage.

The world hailed the discovery as the ‘Raman Effect’. For scientific research in this country, it was a red-letter day. His discovery caught the attention of the world. With equipment worth hardly Rs. 200/- and limited facilities, Raman was able to make a discovery which won him the Nobel Prize in physics in 1930.

Now answer the following questions :
1) How was C.V. Raman’s discovery hailed as?
2) What was a red-letter day?
3) What do you mean by the phrase “red-letter day “?
4) What was the day ‘a red-letter day’ for?
5) What was so special about Raman’s discovery?
6) What did his discovery fetch him?
7) When did C.V. Raman win the Nobel Prize?
8) In which subject did C.V. Raman win Nobel Prize?
9) “For his scientific research in his country” – Which country did he belong to?
10) What do you mean by ‘Raman Effect’?
Answers : .
1) C.V. Raman’s discovery was hailed as ‘Raman Effect’.
2) March, 16, 1928 was a red-letter day.
3) The phrase ‘a red-letter day’ means an important day.
4) The day was the red-letter day for scientific research in his country.
5) Raman was able to make a discovery with equipment worth hardly Rs. 200 and limited facilities.
6) His discovery fetched him the Nobel Prize.
7) C.V. Raman won the Nobel Prize in 1930.
8) C.V. Raman won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
9) C.V. Raman belonged to India.
10) Raman Effect means that the light change its nature when passed through a transparent medium.

5. Read the following passage.

Raman was born on November 7, 1888, at Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu. His father was a college physics teacher. He was a brilliant student right from the start. When Raman passed his matriculation, his parents were keen to send him abroad for higher studies. But on medical grounds, a British surgeon advised them against it and Raman stayed in the country to do the M.A. course at Presidency College in Madras (now called Chennai).

Now answer the following questions:
1) When was C.V. Raman born?
2) Where was C.V Raman born?
3) What was C.V. Raman’s father?
4) “He was a brilliant student right from the start” – Who does ‘he’ here refer to?
5) What did his parents want to do when he passed matriculation?
6) Why could C.V. Raman not go abroad for higher studies?
7) What did the British surgeon advise him?
8) ” …….. a British surgeon advised them against it” — What does it refer to?
9) Where did C.V. Raman do his M.A. course?
10) How is Madras now called?
Answers:
1) C.V. Raman was born on November 7, 1888.
2) C.V. Raman was born at Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu.
3) C.V. Raman’s father was a Physics teacher.
4) ‘He’ here refers to C.V. Raman.
5) When C.V. Raman passed his Matriculation his parents decided to send him to abroad for higher studies.
6) He was unable to go abroad for higher studies because a British surgeon advised him against it on medical grounds.
7) The British surgeon advised them not to send C.V. Raman abroad for higher studies because his, health did not support him.
8) It here refers to go abroad.
9) C.V. Raman did his M.A. course at Presidency College in Madras.
10) Madras is now called Chennai.

6. Read the following passage.

In his youth, Raman was mainly interested in acoustics, the science of sound. He studied how stringed instruments like the violin and the sitar could produce harmonious music.
He was elected to the Royal Society of London in 1924 and the British Government made him a knight of the British Empire in 1929. It was a high honour for any great scientist.
His advice to young scientists was to look at the world around them and not to confine themselves to their laboratories. “The essence of science,” he said, “is independent thinking and hard work, not equipment.”

Now answer the following questions:
1) What was Raman mainly interested in?
2) What do you mean by acoustics?
3) What did he study in acoustics?
4) How did the British Government honour him?
5) When was he elected to Royal Society of London?
6) What was an honour for any scientist?
7) What was Raman’s advice to young scientists?
8) What is ‘the essence of science’ according to C.V. Raman?
9) What are the stringed instruments mentioned in the passage?
10) What does the word ‘harmonious’ mean?
Answers:
1) Raman was mainly interested in acoustics.
2) Acoustics is a science of sound.
3) In acoustics he studied how stringed instruments such as the violin and the sitar could produce harmonious music.
4) The British government honoured him by making him the knight of the British Empire.
5) He was elected to Royal Society London in 1924.
6) Receiving the knighthood of the British Empire is an honour to any scientist.
7) Raman advised the young scientists not to confine themselves to their laboratories but to
look at the world.
8) According to C.V. Raman, the essence of science is independent thinking and hardwork not equipment.
9) The violin and the sitar are the stringed instruments mentioned in the passage.
10) The word ’harmonious’ means ‘very pleasant’.

7. Read the following passage.

C.V.Raman was the first Indian scholar who studied wholly in India and received the
Nobel Prize. He was the first Asian and the first non-white to win such a great award in science. He passed away in 1970 on November 21. But his memories are with us. February 28, the day on which he discovered the ‘Raman Effect’, is celebrated as National Science Day to commemorate his remarkable achievement in science.

Now answer the following questions:
1) Who was the first Indian scholar that studied wholly in India and received the Nobel Prize?
2) What was so special in C.V. Raman’s winning Nobel Prize?
3) When did C.V. Raman die?
4) When did C.V. Raman discover Raman Effect?
5) On which day do we celebrate the National Science Day in India?
6) Why do we celebrate the National Science day on 28th February?
7) What was the remarkable achievement of C.V. Raman?
8) Who was the first Asian to receive the Nobel Prize in science?
9) Who was the first non-white to receive the Nobel Peace Prize?
10) What does the phrase ‘pass away’ mean?
Answers :
1) C.V. Raman was the first Indian scholar who wholly studied in India and received the Nobel Prize.
2) a) C.V. Raman was the first Indian scholar who wholly studied in India and received the Nobel Prize.
b) C.V. Raman was the first Asian and the first non-white to win Nobel Prize in Science.
3) C.V. Raman died on 21st November 1970.
4) C.V. Raman discovered Raman Effect on 28th February 1928.
5) We celebrate National Science day on 28th February in India.
6) We celebrate our National Science day on 28th February because on the same day of 1928 Raman discovered Raman Effect. .
7) Discovering ‘Raman Effect’ was the remarkable achievement of C.V. Raman.
8) C.V. Raman was the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize in science.
9) C.V. Raman was the first non-white to receive the Nobel Prize in science.
10) The phrase ‘pass away’ means ‘to die’.

B. Reading

1. Read the following lines.

Mum, I don’t want to go to school today,
‘Cause I fear our world is in decay.
I feel my teachers are part of the plot,
I’m the only one who sees through the rot.
Scientists are cloning pigs and sheep,
Saying, it’s change – a quantum leap.
Biologists are making stem cells grow,
Saying, it’s change – the way to go.

Now answer the following questions:
1) Who is the speaker of these lines?
2) I’m the only one who sees through the rot.
What is the poet trying to convey by the underlined words above?
3) Who are the parts of the plot to ruin the world?
4) What change are the biologists bringing in?
5) What is considered a quantum leap?
Answers:
1) The speaker of these lines is a school going child.
2) The speaker means that humans are destroying nature and the Earth. So, many changes are happening in the world now.
3) The speaker fears that teachers are part of the plot.
4) Biologists are making stem, cells grow.
5) Cloning of pigs and sheep is considered a quantum leap.

Additional Questions (i):
1) Who is the speaker of these lines?
2) Can you guess the age of the speaker?
3) What do you mean by ‘plot’?
4) What is the speaker’s complaint?
5) Pick out the rhyming words from above.
Answers:
1) School going girl.
2) The speaker is a small child. I can say that because she is a school-going girl.
Actually the poet “Emma Gorrie’ was an bight year old girl when she wrote the poem, she wrote this poem for a competition.
3) The scientists made a plot to destroy the world.
4) The speaker’s complaint is that the teachers are teaching her about the discoveries of scientists which she feels are causing the decay of the world.
5) today – decay; plot – rot; sheep – leap; grow – go.

Additional Questions (ii):
1) Why does not the speaker want to go to school?
2) “I fear our world is in decay” – How can you support the speaker’s statement?
3) Who are part of the secret plans to decay the world?
4) What are the teachers a part of?
5) What are the scientists doing?
6) How do the scientists feel about cloning?
7) What do you mean by cloning?
8) How would you feel if a scientist cloned you?
9) “I am the only one who sees through the rot” – What does ‘the rot’ here mean?
10) Why does the speaker only understand the plot?
Answers:
1) Because in her school she was taught many scientifical developments and discoveries which she fears leads to the decay of the world.
2) The scientists were able to find out so many things about the world that tells about the decay of the world. But scientists are not responsible for the decay of the world as the poet thinks of but the human beings are exploiting the nature and environment and in such a way they are causing the decay of the world.
3) According to the poet the teachers are part of the plot.
4) The teachers are the part of the plot made by scientists.
5) The scientists are cloning pigs and sheep.
6) The scientists feel that cloning as a quantum leap.
7) Producing an exact copy of an animal using DNA fragments, cells of the animals.
8) If a scientist cloned me I would be very much excited to see another ‘me’, with the same
appearances, mannerisms and resemblances of mine.
9) The rot here means that those worst things which cause the decay of the world.
10) The poet sees the negative side of the scientists findings and they cause a lot of concern to her.

2. Read the following lines.

Biologists are making stem cells grow,
Saying, it’s change — the way to go.
Geologists are finding cracks in our earth,
Saying, it’s change — predicting its birth.
Archaeologists are digging up fossils and bones,
Saying, it’s change — time for clones.
Yes, scientists are causing me great concern,
Giving us kids too much to learn!

Now answer the following questions:
1) What are the biologists doing?
2) What do the biologists say when they make the stem cells grow?
3) What do the geologists discover?
4) After finding the cracks what are the geologists able to discover?
5) What are the archaeologists doing?
6) What do the archaeologists say when they find out fossils and bones?
7) What do the archaeologists want to clone?
8) In what way are the scientists causing a great concern?
9) Who are causing a great concern to the students?
10) What do you mean by ‘stem cell’?
11) What do you mean by fossil?
12) What does an archaeologist do?
13) Pick out the word that describes the person who studies the life of plants and animals.
14) Pick out the word which describes a person who studies the interior of the earth and rocks.
15) Are the scientists actually causing a great concern? Support your answer.
Answers :
1) The biologists are making the stem cells grow.
2) When they make the stem cells grow, the biologists say that it is a change and it should be the’way to happen.
3) The geologists find the cracks in our earth.
4) After finding the cracks in the earth the geologists are able to*predict the process of the birth of the earth.
5) Archaeologists are digging up fossils and bones.
6) The archaeologists say it’s a change and they say it’s time to clone the ancient animals using fossils and bones.
7) The archaeologists want to clone fossils and bones.
8) The scientists are causing a great concern to students by discovering a lot of new things and making the students to learn all these things.
9) The scientists are causing a lot of concern to the students.
10) The stem cells means a basic type of cell from which all other cells develop.
11) The fossil means the remains of an animal or a plant which have become hard and turned into rock.
12) Archaeologist is a person who studies the buried remains of ancient times.
13) The person who studies the life of plant animals is called a biologist.
14) Geologist.
15) No. The scientists are not causing a great concern. When they find out something serious about the existence of the world they warn us. They also suggest us some measures to protect the environment and the nature.

C. Reading

1. Read the following passage.

It was midnight when Susruta was awakened by a frantic knocking at the door.
“Who’s out there?” asked the aged doctor, taking a lighted torch from its socket in the wall and approaching the door.
“I’m a traveller, my revered Susruta,” was the anguished reply. “A tragedy has befallen me. I need your help….”
Susruta opened the door. What he saw was a man kneeling before him, tears flowing from his eyes and blood from his disfigured nose.
“Get up, my son, and come in,” said Susruta. “Everything will be all right. But be quiet, now.”
He led the stranger to a neat and clean room.

Now answer the following questions:
a) Who was the aged doctor mentioned in the passage ?
b) How was the traveller when Susruta saw him?
c) What time of the day did the above incident take place?
d) Why did Susruta take the traveller into a room?
e) Who helped the traveller?
Answers:
a) Susrutha
b) tears flowing from his eyes and blood from his disfigured nose
c) It was midnight.
d) to treat his disfigured nose
e) Susrutha helped the traveller.

Additipnal Questions (i):
a) When was Susruta awakened?
b) What was the profession of Susruta?
c) How was the traveller’s nose?
d) Where was the lighted torch?
e) What did Susruta say to the traveller?
Answers:
1) At midnight
2) Doctor
3) Disfigured
4) It was in a socket in the wall.
5) Susruta told the traveller that everything would be alright and suggested him to be quiet
then.

Additional Questions (ii):
1) Who was Susruta?
2) Who awakened Susruta at midnight?
3) What do you mean by the word “Frantic”?
4) Why was the traveller anguished?
5) Why were there tears in the eyes of the traveller?
6) What did the traveller ask Susruta?
7) What was the tragedy befallen to him?
8) What help do you think did the traveller needed from Susruta?
9) How did Susruta receive him?
10) What do you understand about Susruta by the way he received the traveller?
Answers:
1) Susruta was an ancient surgeon.
2) A traveller awakened Susruta at midnight.
3) Quick and unorganised
4) Because his nose was disfigured and there was a lot of bleeding.
5) Because his nose was cut off and it was bleeding heavily.
6) The traveller asked Susnita for his help.
7) The tragedy befallen to him was his nose was cut off and it was bleeding heavily.
8) The traveller needed the treatment for Susruta. He wanted his nose to be operated.
9) Though it was a midnight, though he was very old he received the traveller with love and he assured him everything would be all right and he would be quite well very soon.
10) By the way he received the traveller we can understand that Susruta was very kind and considerate. He did not frighten the patient but gave him assurance that he Would be quite very soon.

2. Read the following passage.

He led the stranger to a neat and clean room, with surgical instruments on its walls. He washed his face with water and the juice of a medicinal plant. He then offered him a mug of wine and began preparing for the operation.
With a large leaf of a creeper brought from the garden, he measured the size of the stranger’s nose. Taking a knife and forceps from the wall, he held them over a flame and cut a strip of flesh from the stranger’s cheek. The man moaned, but the wine had numbed his senses.

Now answer the following questions:
1) Where did Susruta take him to?
2) How was the room?
3) What do you think was the room used as?
4) What did Susruta do as soon as he took the man inside the room?
5) Why do you think Susruta offered him a mug of wine?
6) How did Susruta use the leaf of a creeper?
7) What did Susruta do with knife and forceps?
8) Why did Susruta cut a strip of flesh from the traveller’s check?
9) How could the traveller bear the pain of the surgery?
10) What did Susruta use wine for?
Answers:
1) Susruta took the traveller to a neat and clean room.
2) The room was neat and clean with surgical instruments on its walls.
3) I think the room was used as an operation theatre.
4) As soon as Susruta took the man inside the room he washed his face with water and the juice of a medicinal plant.
5) I think Susruta offered him a mug of wine for making his senses ‘numb’ when he was being operated on.
6) Susruta used the leaf to measure his nose.
7) Susruta used the knife and forceps to cut a strip of flesh from the stranger’s cheek.
8) Susruta wanted to use the flesh to make up the cut off nose.
9) The traveller drank a mug of wine and it numbed his senses when he was operated upon
and thus he was able to bear the pain of the surgery.
10) Susruta used the wine as an anaesthesia.

3. Read the following passage.

In this manner Susruta mended a nose some 26 centuries ago. And what he did is not greatly different from what a plastic surgeon would do today. In fact, Susruta is today recognised as the father of plastic surgery all over the world. His treatise, Susruta samhita, has considerable medical knowledge of relevance even today. It indicates that India was far ahead of the rest of the world in medical knowledge.

Now answer the following questions:
1) When did Susruta live?
2) What did he do 26 centuries ago?
3) How is Susruta recognised today?
4) Who wrote ‘Susruta Samhita’?
5) What did ‘Susruta Samhita’ indicate?
Answers:
1) Susruta lived 26 centuries ago.
2) Susruta did a plastic surgery 26 centuries ago.
3) Susruta is recognised as the father of plastic surgery all over the world.
4) Susruta wrote Susruta Samhita.
5) Susruta Samhita indicates that India was far ahead of the rest of the world in medical knowledge.

4. Read the following passage.

Born in the sixth century B.C., Susruta was a descendant of the Vedic sage Viswamitra. He learnt surgery and medicine at the feet of Divodasa Dhanvantari in his hermitage at Varanasi. Later, he became an authority in not only surgery but also in other branches of medicine.

He was the first physician to advocate what is today known as the ‘caesarean’ operation. He was also an expert in removing urinary stones, locating and treating fractures and doing eye operations for cataract. His suggestion to give wine to patients about to be operated upon makes him also the father of anaesthesia.

Now answer the following questions:

1) When was Susruta born?
2) What relation did Susruta have with Viswamitra?
3) Where did Susruta learn surgery and medicine?
4) Who was the first physician to advocate ‘Caesarean operation’?
5) What was Susruta expert in?
6) Who is considered as the father of anaesthesia?
7) What makes him to consider as the father of anaesthesia?
8) Where was Dhanvantari’s hermitage?
9) Who was Dhanvantari?
10) What is ‘Caesation operation’ aimed at?
Answers:
1) Susruta was born in 6th century B.C.
2) Susruta was the descendent of Viswamitra.
3) Susruta learn surgdbry and medicine at the feet of Dhanvantari at his hermitage in Varanasi.
4) Susruta was the first physician to advocate caesarian operation.
5) Susaita was expert in removing in urinary stones, locating and treating fractures and doing eye operation, for-cataract.
6) Susruta is considered as the father of anaesthesia.
7) His suggestion to give wine to patients about to be operated upon makes him the father of anaesthesia.
8) Dhanvantari’s hermitage was in Varanasi.
9) Dhanvantari was an Indian ancient physician and he was the teacher of Susruta.
10) Caesarean operation is aimed at family planning.

5. Read the following passage.

Susrutha was born in the sixth century B.C. He belonged to the clan of Viswamitra. He learnt medicine and surgery at the feet of Divodasa Dhanvantari in his hermitage at Varanasi. Later, he became an authority in not only surgery but also in other branches of medicine.
Susrutha was the first physician to advocate what is today known as the ‘caesarean’ operation. He was also an expert in removing urinary stones, locating fractures and doing eye operations for cataract.

Now, answer the following questions.
1) Which period did Susrutha belong to?
2) What did Susrutha learn from Dhanvantari?
3) Pick out the Word which means ‘a shelter’.
4) Which operation did Susrutha recommend?
5) How did Susrutha great cataract?
Answers:
1) Susrutha belonged to sixth century B.C.
2) medicine and surgery
3) a hermitage
4) caesarean operation
5) by performing operations

Unseen Comprehension

1. Read the following passage carefully.

There seems to be a general opinion in this country that ‘Sardar Patel was slightly of a harsh and rough temperament. People call him ‘The Iron Man of India”. He was, no doubt, an iron man in the sense that one could rely on him for strict and efficient administration. But as a man, those who had the good fortune of coming into close contact with him, he was kind and considerate. At times he even became emotional, where his personal friends and followers were concerned. He knew the way of picking people and placing them in their proper places. When the native princes refused to amalgamate their kingdoms with the Indian Union, he was forced to take military action on the states like Kashmir, Nizam and Nawanagar. His mission was successful. At times he was not in good terms with Jawaharlal Nehru. Gandhiji used to intervene and cleared the differences between them.
Now answer the following questions.

1) What is the general opinion in the country about Sardar Patel?
Answer:
The general opinion in the country that Sardar Patel was of a harsh and rough temperament.

2) Why was Patel called ‘The Iron Man of India”?
Answer:
Patel was called “The Iron man of India” because everyone could rely on him for strict and efficient administration.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
3) What did Patel know? ( )
a) Putting the right man in the right job
b) Pacifying the differences with others
c) How to take military action on princely states
Answer:
a) Putting the right man in the right job

4) Why did Patel take military action on three native states? ( )
a) Because they refused to surrender their states
b) As they demanded high compensation
c) Since they supported the British rule
Answer:
a) Because they refused to surrender their states

5) What is the phrase used in the passage that means ‘be friendly with’? ( )
a) rough temperament b) picking people c) in good terms
Answer:
c) in good terms

2. Read the following passage carefully.

Swami Vivekananda, speaking in America, told a story in order to impress upon his hearers how very little as a rule, people really longed for God. He told of a young man who came to a religious teacher and said that he wanted to find God. The sage smiled and said nothing. The young man returned home. After many days he met the sage and put him the same question. The sage asked him to accompany him as he went to the river to take his morning bath; and when both were in the river, the sage took hold of the young man and plunged him under the surface of the water and held him there. The young man struggled and struggled to take off his hold. Finally the sage raised him out of the water, and said to him, “My son, what did you long for most when you were under the water ? “A breath of air”, gasped the youth. ‘Thus must the disciple long for God. If you have firm belief in God, you will find Him.”

Now answer the following questions.
1) What did the young man long for when he was under the surface of the water?
Answer:
The young man longed for a gasp of air when he was under the surface of the water.

2) When can one find God according to the sage?
Answer:
According to the sage, one can find God if he has a firm belief in Him. He longed for God as greatly as he longed for a gasp of air when he was under the surface of water.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given:
3) What was the intention of Swami Vivekananda? ( )
a) To tell the people that God exists
b) To impress on the people to follow his ideals
c) To treat him as a religious teacher
Answer:
c) To treat him as a religious teacher

4) What did the sage ask the young man to do? ( )
a) To take regular bath in the morning
b) Not to doubt the existence of God
c) To follow him to the river
Answer:
c) To follow him to the river

5) When both were in the river, what did the sage do with the young man? ( )
a) He plunged him under the surface of the water
b) He raised him out of the water
c) He made the young man realise the existence of God.
Answer:
a) He plunged him under the surface of the water

3. Read the following passage carefully.

Up the river Hudson in North America are the Catskill mountains. They are not so high as the Himalayas in India. In a certain village at the foot of these mountains there lived long ago a man called Rip Van Winkle. He was simple and good natured. A very kind neighbour and a great favourite of all the good wives in the neighbourhood. The women took his side and put the blame on Dam Van Winkle.
The children of the village too would shout with joy whenever they saw him. He made play things for them. He told them fairy tales. So they liked him.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Why did children like Rip Van Winkle?
Answer:
Rip Van Winkle used to make play things for children. He told them fairy tales. So children liked Rip Van Winkle very much.

2) What kind of man was Rip Van Winkle?
Answer:
Rip Van Winkle was simple and good natured. He was a very kind neighbour and a great favpurite of all the women and children in the village.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given:
3) Where are the Catskill mountains? ( )
a) In South America
b) In Africa
c) In North America
Answer:
c) In North America

4) Where did Rip Van Winkle live? ( )
a) On the top of Catskill mountains
b) In a village at the foot of the Catskill mountains
c) In a city in North America
Answer:
b) In a village at the foot of the Catskill mountains

5) Who liked Rip Van Winkle very much? ( )
a) All the wives in the neighbourhood
b) All the husband? in the neighbourhood
c) All the friends in the village
Answer:
a) All the wives in the neighbourhood

4. Read the following passage carefully.

In the American War of Independence, a Corporal and a party of soldiers were ordered to raise a heavy beam for a battery that was being repaired. There were too few men for the work, but the Corporal, full of his dignity did nothing but stand by and shout orders, pres-ently an officer, not in uniform rode up. “Hallo,” he said to Corporal, ’why don’t you lend your men a hand to get that beam up? “Don’t you know that I am a Corporal ? was the reply, “Are you ?” said the officer, who then got down from his horse and joined the men. He worked till the sweat streamed down his face. When the beam had been raised and put to its place, he turned to the Corporal and bade him a low bow, “Good day Mr. Corporal. Next time when you have too few men for this kind of work, send for the Commander in Chief and I shall be happy to.help you again.”
It was George Washington himself.

Now answer the following questions.
1) Why did the officer get down from the horse?
Answer:
The officer got down from his horse to help the men in their work.

2) Who was the person that helped the men and the Corporal?
Answer:
The person that helped the man and the Corporal was none other than the President of America, George Washington.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given:
3) What was to be raised? ( )
a) A battery
b) A cannon
c) A beam
Answer:
c) A beam

4) Who was the person that was having dignity? ( )
a) The Corporal
b) The Soldier
c) The President
Answer:
a) The Corporal

5) What did the Corporal have? ( )
a) Very few men
b) Many men
c) A lot of soldiers
Answer:
a) Very few men

5. Read the following passage carefully.

Thirteen hundred years ago, a great traveller from China came to India in search of wisdom and knowledge. His name was Hiuen Tsang and over the deserts and mountains of the north he came, braving many dangers, facing and overcoming man obstacles so great was his thirst for knowledge and he spent many years in India learning himself and teaching others. He stayed at the great university of Nalanda, which existed then near the city, that used to be called Pataliputra and is now known as Patna. Hiuen Tsang was given the ‘title of ‘Master of Law’ the law of the. Buddha. He journeyed all over India and saw and studied the people. Later he wrote a book of his travel known as Si-Yu-Ki.

Now answer the following questions.
1) How did Hiuen Tsang spend many years in India?
Answer:
Hiuen Tsang spent many years in India learning himself and teaching others.

2) What was the earlier name of the city, Patna?
Answer:
Pataliputra

Choose the correct answer from the choices given below.
3) What was the title given to Hiuen Tsang? ( )
a) Master of Wisdom
b) Master of Law
c) Master of Nalanda
Answer:
b) Master of Law

4) Hiuen Tsang came to India in search of ( )
a) Si-Yu-Ki.
b) deserts and mountains
c) wisdom and knowledge.
Answer:
c) wisdom and knowledge.

5) Choose the correct statement from the following. ( )
a) Hiuen Tsang spent a few years in India.
b) The book, ‘Si-Yu-Ki’ was written by Hiuen Tsang.
c) Hiuen Tsang went to China to teach at Nalanda University.
Answer:
b) The book, ‘Si-Yu-Ki’ was written by Hiuen Tsang.

Additional Questions:
1) Why did Hiuen Tsang come to India?
Answer:
Hiuen Tsang came to India in search of wisdom and knowledge.

2) How did Hiuen Tsang come to India?
Answer:
He crossed the deserts and mountains of the north. He overcame many dangers, many obstacles and came to India.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
3) What was the title given to Hiuen Tsang?
a) Master of science
b) Master of Arts
c) Master of Law
Answer:
c) Master of Law

4) What did Hiuen Tsang cross over?
a) Deserts and mountains
b) Rivers and plains
c) Valley and meadows
Answer:
a) Deserts and mountains

5) Where did he stay?
a) At Pataliputra
b) At Patna
c) At Nalanda
Answer:
c) At Nalanda

6. Read the following passage.

When you read a book, it feels great to put yourself into the world the writer has created for you. The habit of reading good content daily will act as an exercise for your mind and keep you mentally fit and flexible. Reading a book does not mean that you read a book only in English, it can be in any language in which you feel comfortable. If you have never given it a try then always remember that it’s never too late to start a good habit.
Books are of many types. Some books inspire us, some books give us a moral, some books act as a turning point in our lives. Reading books also improves our language and vocabulary. Sometimes books bring tears or laughter. The first book in the life of every person is their mother.
Books like the Gita, the Mahabharata, the Quran and the Bible inspire us and teach the best lessons of our life. Some books enlighten us with the great works, struggles and achievements of great people in the society. If you want to select a best friend in life, then it’s time to select books as your best friends because books give good company in our good or
bad times.

Now, answer the following questions.
1) Why can books be our best friends according to the passage?
Answer:
because books give good company in our good or bad times

2) Which books inspire us and teach us the best lessons?
Answer:
Books like the Gita, the Mahabharatha, the Bible and the Quran inspire us while reading.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given below.
3) The habit of reading good content in books helps us ( )
a) to stay physically healthy
b) to be away from friends
c) to be mentally fit and flexible
Answer:
c) to be mentally fit and flexible

4) Choose the first book for any person. ( )
a) The Gita
b) Our mother
c) The Bible
Answer:
b) Our mother

5) Which of the following statements is TRUE? ( )
a) We don’t need books if we have our mother’s company.
b) Books bring out different emotions in us.
c) We should read only holy books.
Answer:
b) Books bring out different emotions in us.

Unseen (Data Interpretation)

1. In the table given below the data is given about different age groups in different employment sectors.
Read the table and answer the following questions:

Employment	18-25	25-40	40-65
Sector	age group	age group	age group
agriculture	5	7	9
manufacturing	12	15	23
health	12	15	12
retail	23	7	6
accountancy	3	2	3
education	9	12	12

Now answer the following questions.
1) What does the above table show?
2) In which sector are very small member of people working?
3) In which sector are maximum number of people working?
4) In which sector are maximum number of young people working?
5) In which sector are maximum number of old people working?
Answers:
1) The above table shows people of different age groups working under different employment sectors.
2) In education sector very small number of people are working.
3) In manufacturing sector maximum number of people are working.
4) In retail sector maximum number of young people are working.
5) In manufacturing sector maximum number of old people are working.

2. Study the pie-charts and answer the questions given below them.

Now answer the following questions.
1. Which of the following constitute most of the weight in the human body? ( )
a) water
b) proteins
c) dry elements
d) bones
Answer:
a) water

2. Which of the following statements is correct? ( )
a) Proteins constitute 11 per cent of the human body.
b) Dry elements constitute 15 pet cent of the human body.
c) Hormones, enzymes and other proteins constitute 2/5 of the human body.
Answer:
c) Hormones, enzymes and other proteins constitute 2/5 of the human body.

3. If a person’s weight is 100 kilograms, how much do his bones weigh?
Answer:
20 kgs

4. If the proteins in a person weight 12 kilograms, what will be his weight?
Answer:
50 kgs

5. Are the bones in our body heavier than the water in our body? Support your answer.
Answer:
The weight of bones in our body (in %) = \(\frac{1}{5}\) × 100 = 20 %
∴ Hence the bones in our body are not heavier than water in our body.

3. Study the table given below and observe the changing patterns of unemployment in some advanced countries. Answer the questions that follow.

Now answer the following questions.
1. How many countries are compared in the given table?
2. What period does the table represent?
3. Which country has the least unemployment rate in 2005?
4. Which country has a decrease of nearly 6% in unemployment rate between 2000 and 2006?
5. In the case of every country we can notice that (Choose the correct answer.)
a) The unemployment rate is steadily increasing.
b) The unemployment rate is steadily decreasing.
c) The unemployment rate is fluctuating i.e., sometimes it rises and sometimes it falls.
6. Which year recorded the highest unemployment rate for many countries?
7. Which country recorded the least fluctuations in the unemployment rate?
Answers:
1) Eight countries are compared in the given table.
2) The table represents the period 2000 – 2006.
3) Japan has the least unemployment rate in 2005.
4) Spain has a decrease of nearly 6% in unemployment rate between 2000 and 2006.
5) c) The unemployment rate is fluctuating i.e., sometimes it rises and sometimes it falls.
6) 2003
7) Germany

4. Read the following tree diagram showing the constituents of blood.

Now answer the following questions.
1) What are red cells called?
2) How many main constituents are there in blood? What are they?
3) How many categories are there in granulocytes?
4) Under which category do monocytes come?
5) Are neutrophils granulocytes or agranulocytes?
Answers:
1) Red cells are called Erythrocytes.
2) There are three main constituents are there in blood.
They are 1) erythrocytes 2) thrombocytes 3) leucocytes.
3) There are three sub categories in granulocytes.
4) Monocytes come under agranulocytes.
5) Neutrophytes are granulocytes.

5. Read the following pie-chart which shows the spendings of a country on various sports.

Now answer the following questions.
1) On which sports maximum amount is spent?
2) How much percent more is spent oh hockey than on golf?
3) How much percent less is spent on football than that on cricket?
4) The sum of total spendings on tennis and golf is equal to the total spending on which game?
5) The difference of spendings on cricket and basketball is equal to the spending on which game?
Answers :
1) On cricket
2) 27% (63% – 36%)
3) 27% (81% – 54%)
4) Cricket (45 + 36 = 81%)
5) other games (81 – 50)

6. Read the following tree diagram carefully.

Now, answer the following questions.
1) What does the above diagram show?
2) What are the three main categories of musical instruments?
Choose the correct answer from the choices given below.
3) Which of the following is a stringed instrument? [ ]
a) Harp
b) Horn
c) Tabla
4) What type of musical instrument is Xylophone? [ ]
a) Percussion instrument
b) Wind instrument
c) Stringed instrument
5) Which of the following statements TRUE based on the information given. [ ]
a) All string instruments are a type of percussion instruments.
b) Wood block is a wind instrument.
c) Guitar and Violin are stringed instruments.
Answers :
1) The above diagram shows a tree-diagram of musical instruments.
2) Three catagories.
(1) Wind instruments,
(2) Percussion instruments,
(3) Stringed instruments.
3) a) Harp
4) a) Percussion instrument
5) c) Guitar and Violin are stringed instruments.

7. Study the family tree of Bala Krishna.

Now, answer the following questions.
1) Who are the grandparents of Praveen?
2) How many granddaughters does Bala Krishna have?
Choose the correct answer from the choices given below.
3) Medha is the daughter of   [ ]
a) Rohit b) Veena c) Bhavya
4) Praveen and Raasi are   [ ]
a) brothers b) cousins c) friends
5) Which of the following statements is TRUE based on the information given?
a) Rohit has two daughters.
b) Ananya and Raasi are cousins.   [ ]
c) Rohit’s wife is Bhavya.
Answers:
1) Balakrishna and Ragini
2) Five granddaughters
3) b) Veena
4) b) cousins
5) a) Rohit has two daughters.

Section – B: Creative Writing

1. In the lesson ‘C.V. Raman, the Pride of India’, you have read about the greatness of C.V. Raman. Now, imagine that you are the secretary of the Science Club of your school and prepare a script for a speech to deliver on the National Science Day.
Use the following hints to write a script for the speech.
C.V. Raman – bom on November 7, 1888 – at Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu – interested in science – spent much time in his laboratory – became a great scientist – bright student from the beginning – discovered the Raman Effect – the world hailed – caught the attention of the world – won the Nobel Prize in 1930 in Physics – research in optics – elected to the Royal Society of London – studied wholly in India – passed away on November 21 in 1970 – National Science Day on 28 February is celebrated on the day on which he discovered the ‘Raman Effect’.
Answer:
Honourable Judges, Teachers, Guests and all my dear friends. I have been given the privilege of speaking on C.V. Raman on this National Science Day. You know National Science Day is celebrated every year on 28th February in order to remember the great invention of ‘Raman Effect’ by C.V. Raman on the same day in the year 1928.
It is very much proper to know about Sri. C.V. Raman on this occasion. C.V. Raman was born on 7, November 1888 at Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu. He became a great scientist who became the pride of India. He was a brilliant student from the beginning. He was interested in science. He wrote many research papers for science journals. He became the member of the Indian Association for cultivation of Science at the age of 19. He was elected to the Royal Society of London in 1924. He started his own laboratory with no sophisticated equipment. He spent much time in his laboratory. C.V. Raman had been doing research in optics, the Science of Light. On 16, March, 1928 Raman announced his discovery of ‘new radiation’ to an assembly of scientists at Bangalore. The world hailed this discovery as “Raman Effect”. With this he made all Indians proud. With equipment worth hardly Rs. 200 and limited facilities, Raman was able to make discovery. For his Raman Effect he was given a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930. He was made a knight of the British Empire in 1929.
C.V. Raman was the first – Indian scholar who studied wholly in India and received Nobel Prize. He was the first Asian and first non-white to win such a great award in science. He passed away on 21, November 1970. But his memories are with us. So it is appropriate to celebrate 28th February of every year as National Science Day to commemorate C.V. Raman’s remarkable achievement in Science.
Thank you one and all for giving me this wonderful opportunity.

2. Write a biographical sketch on the life of Sri C.V. Raman.
Answer:
C.V. Raman was bom on November 7, 1888 at Tiruchirapalli in Tamilnadu. He was a brilliant student right from the start. When he passed his matriculation, his parents are keen on sending him to abroad for higher studies. But the doctors advised not to send him abroad for , higher studies On medical grounds. So Raman completed his M.A. course at Presidency Col-lege In Madras. He was very much interested in science. He used to write research papers in science journals. At the age of 19, he became a member of the Indian Association for Cultivation of Science. He took up an administrative job in Finance Ministry in Calcutta. Though he joined in an administrative job his interest in science did not flag. He used to spend hours after office in the lab of the Association, Raman was mainly interested in acoustics, the science of sound. Later he built his own laboratory. He was elected to the Royal Society of London in 1924. For five years he had done research in optics, the science of light. No sophisticated equipment was available in his laboratory. Finally on 28 February, 1928 Raman announced his discovery, which is known as ‘Raman Effect’. With equipment worth hardly Rs. 200/- and limited facilities, Raman was able to make a discovery. The whole world hailed his discovery. For his Raman Effect he got Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.
C.V. was the first Indian scientist who studied wholly in India and received the Nobel Prize. He was the first Asian and the first non-white to win such a great, award, in Science. C.V. Raman passed away on 21, November 1970 February 28 the day on which he discovered the ‘Raman Effect’ is celebrated as ‘National Science Day’ to commemorate his remarkable achievement in Science.

3. Write a paragraph on J.C. Bose using the hints given below. You must use the right linkers to join the sentences.
Answer:
Jagadish Chandra Bose (J.C. Bose) was a famous- Indian Scientist. He was born on 30th September, 1858.
J.C. Bose studied at St. Xavier’s School in Calcutta. Later he went abroad for higher stud¬ies. He returned to India in 1885. He published a Monograph which was about the response in the living and the non-living. He became famous by being a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1920.
J.C. Bose invented wireless telegraphy in 1895. He proved that plants have life.
J.C, Bose invented Crescograph, an instrument with which the growth in plants can be known.
J.C. Bose founded the Bose Institute in Calcutta. He devoted most of his life to the study of plants J.C. Bose passed away on 23rd November, 1937.

4. On the occasion of Science Day you have to deliver a speech about our ancient Indian scientist and doctor, surgeon Susruta. Prepare a script for the speech using the following hints.
Susruta – born in 6th century B.C. – father of plastic surgery – great surgeon – first person – Rhinoplasty, plastic surgery to nose – given about 101 types of instruments – book – Susruta Samhitha – still in use – excellent teacher – pupils – good physician – both theory and practice.
Answer:
Honourable teachers, guests and all my dear friends. I have been given the privilege of speaking on Susruta, the ancient Indian scientist, doctor and the first plastic surgeon, on this National Science Day. You know National Science day is celebrated every year on 28th February in order to remember the great invention of Raman Effect by C.V. Raman on the same day in the year 1928.
On this day, it is very much proper to know about another great ancient scientist and doctor Susrutha. Susrutha was born in 6th century B.C. He learnt surgery and medicine from Dhanvantri in Varanasi. He became a great surgeon and physician. He was considered as father of plastic surgery. He was the first doctor to conduct Rhinoplasty, plastic surgery to nose. He designed 101 types of surgical instruments useful to perform for various surgeries. His treatise “Susruta Samhita” is a great reference book even today. He was an excellent teacher too.
He advocated the importance of practical. He advised his pupils to use carcasses and models for practice.
Thank you for giving me this opportunity on this auspicious day.

(A)

1. The Marriage of your elder sister is going to be held on 25th July 20xx at Vasavi Kalyana Mandapam, in Nellore. The bridegroom is an engineer. He is not taking any dowry. Write a letter to your friend inviting him to the marriage.
Answer:

Nellore.
10. 7. 20xx.

Dear Ravi,
I hope that you are in good health and you are going along nicely in your studies. Here I’m very glad to inform you that my elder sister’s marriage is going to be take place on 25th July 20x x at Vasavi Kalyana Mandapam, Nellore. The bridegroom is an engineer. He is working in B.D.L. Hyderabad. Their is a nice family. They seem to be friendly and dignified people. One thing I want to mention here that they are I not taking any dowry and they did demand any greedy gifts. I shall be very glad to see at you and your family at the function. Please inform your parents about the same and tell them that my parents will be pleased if they attend the function. My father wants to call your father and mother and invite them on phone. I have already posted the invitation on your father’s name. I shall be very glad if you come two days before and help me in preparations.
Convey my regards to your parents and my best wishes to your,little brother. Hoping that you will come, I remain.

Yours lovingly,
xxxxxx

Address on the Envelope:
R Ravi Kumar,
S/o Surya Narayana,
H.No: 1 – 20 – 22/A,
Malladivari street,
Gandhinagar,
Vijayawada.

2. You are Ravi. You’ve received a letter from your friend Rahul. Inviting you and your family to his elder sister’s marriage. But on the same day you and your family are attending your neice’s marriage at Hyderabad. Hence write a letter to your friend apologising him for not attending his sister’s marriage.
Answer:

Vijayawada.
12. 7. 20xx.

Dear Rahul,
It was great to hear from you and I’m really glad that things are working out for you there in your school.
I’m very glad to know about your sisters marriage. My parents are also very happy to know this. We are very much happy when we know about the gentlemanship of your would be brother-in-law. What a nice people they are! Who will marry a girl without taking a dowry these days ? We are very much pleased to know this.
Here I want to apologize you. We are unable to attend your sister’s marriage. We’re extremely sorry for not attending your sister’s marriage because the same day. We have to attend our cousins marriage at Hyderabad. Since the bride has no father, my parents are performing the rituals of the marriage . So we cannot avoid it My father asked me to convey his apologies to your father. He will write a letter to your father personally.
My parents asked me to convey their blessings and best wishes to your sister. We’ll visit your home at a convenient day very soon after the marriage.
Hoping that you’ll excuse us, I remain.

Yours lovingly,
xxxxxx

Address on the Envelope:
To
R. Rahul,
S/o R. Srinivasa Rao,
H.No: 8 – 3 – 1/A.
Chaturvedula vari street,
Trunk Road,
Nellore.

3. Write a letter to your friend asking him/her to visit your village during Dasara vacation. Describe what activities he/she can participate in during the festival along with you.
Answer:
H.No.: 242/7B,
Komaravallipadu.
20. 03. 20xx.

Dear Shashank,
I am safe here and I hope the same with you. I am studying well and I hope the same with you.
Now, I would like to invite you to come to my village in Dasara vacation and spend at least a week in my village. Ours is a family of six members – grandparents, my parents, me and my younger sister. My grandparents are very friendly and looking after our fields and cattle. My father is a high school teacher. My mother is a house-wife. She takes care of us very much. My sister studies in class V in our village.
Ours is a very beautiful village. There are a lot of places worth watching in our village. Beautiful green fields, ancient Lord Shiva’s temple and running streams and some others are worth watching. My mother will prepare delicious dishes for us.
We are looking forward to seeing you, Convey my regards to your parents and my best wishes to your little sister.
Awaiting your arrival ………….

Yours lovingly,
xxxxxx

Address on the Envelope:
To
C. Shashank,
S/o C. Ravi Prakash,
D. No. 18 – 208,
Nagaram Town
Keesara Mandal,
Hyderabad.
PIN: 500001.

4. Recently you paid a visit to your relatives place. You spent your holidays there. You visited a temple. You met new friends. You also attended some family functions.
Now, write a letter to your friend describing your visit to your relatives place. Also, invite your friend to visit your place.
Answer:

Tenali.
13-3-xx.

Dear friend,
We are all safe here and I hope the same with you all there. I am doing very well here. I hope you are also doing well there. In this I would like to write to you about how I enjoyed myself in my relative’s place.
During the recent holidays I paid a visit to my relative’s house. I spent all my holidays there. There I visited Sri Janardhana Swamy Temple which is said to be built by Sri Krishnadevaraya. It was famous for its architecture. The idols of Sridevi, Bhudevi and Sri Janardhana Swamy are beautiful and full of life. I have made some new friends there. They are very much amiable and sociable. I also attended some family functions there. All my stay there was quite entertaining, hectic and full of energy and enthusiasm.
Convey my regards to your parents. Why don’t you visit our place during the Sankranthi holidays? I am looking forward to seeing you here. I will assure you I will make your stay here full of fun and entertainment.

Yours lovingly,
xxxx

Addres on the Envelope:
To
xxxxx
S/o K. Krishna Reddy,
Near Ramalayam,
Main Road,
Kollipara.

(B) Write a story using the following hints.
1. A crow – find a peice of meat – take the piece of meat fly – about to eat – a cunning fox – sees piece of meat – wants to take it – Fox says – crow has a sweat voice – to sing a song – vexed with his repeated requests – put the piece of meat – under his leg says – that he has already read the story – get away from there.
Answer:
One day a crow found a piece of meat somewhere. The crow took the piece of the meat in its beak and flew off to a tree nearby. As it was about to eat the meat, a cunning fox came there. The fox saw the piece of the meat. Somehow he wanted to take it away from the crow. Then the fox said that the crow had a sweet voice. He asked the crow to sing a song for him. He repeatedly requested the crow for a song. Having been vexed with his repeated requests the crow put the piece of the meat under his claw and asked the fox to get away from there. He told the fox that he had already read the story of stupid crow and cunning fox.

2. An old tiger – weak – unable to catch its prey – thinks of a plan – wants to draw his pray closer – showing a golden bangle – bait – a poor man – comes – the other side of the river – about to drink water – hears someone calls – sees the tiger – afraid – tries to run away – tiger’s call – great scholar – changed – sorry for sing – now a pious – accept the golden ring – poor man – sees the golden bangle – becomes greedy – greediness overcomes – fear – goes close to tiger – to accept the ring – tiger spring up – kill – eat.
Answer:
Once there was on old tiger. He was week. He was unable to catch his prey. So he thought of a plan. He wanted to draw his prey closer to him by showing the golden bangle as a bait.
One day a poor man came that way. He was on the other side of the river. When he was about to drink water, he heard someone calling him. He looked up and saw the tiger on the other side of the river. At first the poor man was afraid. He tried to ran away from there. At the same time he heard the tiger’s call again “Oh! great scholar, I don’t harm you. I am now a changed one. I am sorry for my sins. I am now a pious man ! please accept golden ring and help me to recede my sins.”
When the poor man saw the golden bangle, he became greedy. His greediness overcame his fear. He believed the tiger’s words. So he went close to the tiger to accept the golden ring. At once the tiger sprang upon him, killed him and ate him.
This story tells us “Greediness brings us misery”.

3. Two cats – quarrel – a cake – claim – the cake belongs to him – keeps on quarrel – not know – go to a monkey – known for his wisdom – to share the cake – cuts the cake – two equal parts – make them equal – eats a small piece – piece becomes smaller – monkey – eats the second piece – becomes smaller – repeats the same trick – eats up – goes away – disappointed.
Answer:
One day two cats were quarrelling over a cake. They both claimed that the cake belonged to him. They kept on quarrelling for a long time. But they did not know what to do. Then they went to a monkey. The monkey was noted for his wisdom. They asked him to share the cake between themselves. The monkey intentionally cut the cake into two unequal parts. To make them equal the monkey ate a small piece of the bigger piece. Now that piece became smaller. Then the monkey ate the second piece. Then it became smaller. Thus the monkey repeated the same trick several times and ate up all the cake. Then the two cats went away disappointedly.

4. Write a news report to a daily about how the inefficient garbage system in your city is affecting the people and the role of community and government in the disposal of garbage in a safe way.
Answer:
Need of efficient garbage system – Role of community and government in bringing UP cleanliness

Guntur,
24 – 10 – 20xx.

Guntur city is facing a severe problem of inefficient garbage system. A huge quantity of domestic wastes including kitchen wastes, vegetable peels, paper wastes and hazardous hospital wastes are produced daily. Due to the lack of proper disposal system, many health problems are prevailing in the city. There is an urgent need to establish an eco-friendly waste disposal system.
People have to play a key role in reducing the quantity of domestic wastes by practising 3 R’s principle (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). Government has to take necessary steps to solve this problem by implementing the best solid waste management methods like incineration and sanitary landfills. Otherwise people will suffer from different ailments.

Vocabulary

Read the following paragraph and write the synonyms of the underlined words choosing the words from the words given in the box.

1. house; lived; prize; died; completely; intellectual
C.V. Raman has the first Indian scholar (a) who studied wholly (b) in India and received the Nobel Prize. He was the first Asian and the first non-white to win such a great award (c) in science. He passed away (d) in 1970 on November 21. But his memories ace with us.
Answer:
a) intellectual
b) completely
c) prize
d) died

2. thrill; friendship; organization; tools; development; farming
On the busy Bow bazaar street in Calcutta there was an old building. It was head quarters of the Indian Association (a) for cultivation (b) of science, In December on a fine evening in 1927, there was much excitement (c) in one of its laboratories. Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman was showing a visitor some of his instruments (d) in his laboratory.
Answer:
a) organisation
b) development
c) thrill
d) tools

3. laughing; overjoyed; consequence; good; magnificent; sad
Raman was equally delighted (a). “Excellent (b) news,” he said, smiling (c) at the visitor and then he was lost in thought. “But…. look here, Krishnan,” he said turning to the young man, “if this Compton Effect (d) is true of X-rays, it must be true of light too.”
Answer:
a) overjoyed
b) good
c) laughing
d) consequence

4. instruments; changes; quality; advanced; infrastructure; creation
Could light also change its nature (a) when passed through a transparent medium? That was the question that Raman asked himself. For five years he had been doing research in optics, the science of light. No sophisticated (b) equipment (c) was available in his laboratory, but Raman was confident that he could find the answer with some modifications (d) in his equipment.
Answer:
a) quality
b) advanced
c) instruments
d) changes

5. interested; causes; fields; clever; foreign countries; dull
C.V. Raman was a brilliant (a) student right from the start. When Raman passed his matriculation, his parents were keen (b) to send him abroad (c) for higher studies. But on medical grounds, (d) a British surgeon advised them against it.
Answer:
a) clever
b) interested
c) foreign countries
d) causes

6. desires; decline; impact; journey; magazine; imagination
Science had already made an impression (a) on him and he began to write research papers for science journals (b). When he was only 19, he became a member of the Indian Association for Cultivation of Science. Meanwhile, respecting his parents’ wishes (c) he took up an administrative job in the Finance Ministry in Calcutta. His interest in science, however, did not flag (d).
Answer:
a) impact
b) magazine
c) desires
d) decline

7. invention, nation, praised
The world hailed (a) the discovery as the ‘Raman Effect’. For scientific research in this country (b), it was a red-letter day.
Answer:
a) praised
b) nation

8. kingly, selected, divine
He was elected (a) to the Royal (b) Society of London in 1924 and the British Govt, made him knight of the British Empire.
Answer:
a) selected
b) kingly

9. The following sentences are from your lesson. Read them carefully and tick ( ✓ ) the correct meaning of the underlined word in each sentence.
1. His parents were keen to send him abroad for higher studies.
(a) particular (b) eager (c) worried
Answer:
(b) eager

2. The world hailed the discovery as the ‘Raman Effect’.
(a) admired (b) called (c) thought
Answer:
(a) admired

3. In his youth Raman was mainly interested in acoustics.
(a) primarily (b) simply (c) certainly
Answer:
(a) primarily

4. The British made Raman a knight of the British Empire.
(a) appointed (b) managed (c) placed
Answer:
(a) appointed

5. Raman passed awav on November 21, 1970.
(a) was killed (b) died (c) left
Answer:
(b) died

9. Read the following paragraph and write the antonyms of the underlined words.

1. On the busy (a) Bowbazaar Street in Calcutta there was an old (b) building. It was the head-quarters of the Indian Association for Cultivation of Science. In December, on a fine evening (c) in 1927. there was much excitement (d) in one of its laboratories.
Answer:
a) quiet
b) new
c) morning
d) boredom

2. Raman was equally (a) delighted (b) “Excellent (c) news” he said, smiling at the visitor and then he was lost (d) in thought.
Answer:
a) unequally
b) disappointed
c) unworthy
d) regained

3. Could light also change its nature when passed through a transparent (a) medium? That was the question (b) Raman asked himself. For five years he had been doing research in optics, the science of light. No sophisticated equipment was available (c) in his laboratory, but Raman was confident (d) that he could find the answer with some modifications in his equipment.
Answer:
a) opaque
b) answer
c) unavailable
d) diffident

4. C.V. Raman was a brilliant (a) student right from the start (b). When Raman passed (c) his matriculation, his parents were keen to send him abroad for higher (d) studies.
Answer:
a) dull
b) ending
c) failed
d) lower

5. C.V.Raman was the first (a) Indian scholar (b) who studied wholly (c) in India and received the Nobel Prize. He was the first Indian and the first non-white to win (d) such a great award in science.
Answer:
a) last
b) layman
c) partially
d) defeat/lose

6. Susruta led (a) the stranger (b) to a neat and clean (c) room, with surgical instruments on its walls. He washed his face with water and the juice of medicinal plant. He then offered him a mug of wine and began (d) preparing for the operation.
Answer:
a) followed
b) acquaintance
c) dirty
d) ended

10. Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given in brackets.

1. It was the headquarters of the Indian ——– (a) (Associate/Association) for ——– (b) (Cultivation/Cultivate) of Science. In December, on a fine evening in 1927, there was much ——– (c) (excitement/excite) in one of its laboratories. Then K.S.Krishnan, rushed in and ——– (d) (announce/announced), “Professor Compton has won the Nobel Prize.”
Answer:
a) association
b) cultivation
c) excitement
d) announced

2. Raman was ——– (a) (equal/equally) delighted. “Excellent news,” he said, ——– (b) (smiling/smile) at the visitor and then he was ——– (c) (lose/lost) in thought. “But …. look here, Krishnan,” he said: ——– (d) (turn/turning) to the young man, “if this Comptpn Effect is true of X-rays, it must be true of light too.”
Answer:
a) equally
b) smillng
c) Lost
d) turning

3. No ——– (a) (sophisticated/sophisticate) equipment was ——– (b) (avail/available) in his laboratory, but Raman was ——– (c) (confidence/confident) that he could find the answer with some ——– (d) (modifications/modifies) in his equipment.
Answer:
a) sophisticated
b) available

4. a) He was shocked to see a snake in his room but he recovered from his ——– (shock/ shocking) in no time.
b) He pretended to look relieved but, in fact, he did not have any ——– (relieve/relief).
c) I can understand your (excitement/excite). But do not be so excited that you have health problems.
d) Raju, an auto driver, was very honest. His ——– (honest/honesty) was known to everybody when he returned the bag of jewellery a passenger had left in his auto.
Answer:
a) shock
b) relief
c) confident
d) modifcations

5. Raman was mainly ——– (a) (interested / interesting) in acoustics, the science of sound. He studied how stringed instruments like the violin and the sitar could ——– (produce/production) harmonious music.
Answer:
a) interested
b) produce
c) excitement
d) honesty

a) Complete the following words using ai, ea, ee, ia, ie, iu, oa, oo, ou, ua, ue, ui.

1. On the busy Bowbazaar (a) Str _ _ t in Calcutta there was an old (b) b _ _ lding.
2. A (a) y _ _ ng man named K.S. Krishnan.(b) ann _ _ nced, “Professor Compton, has won the Nobel Prize.”
3. “If this Compton Effect is (a) tr _ _ of X-rays, it must be true of light (b) t _ _ .”
4. Could light also change its nature when passed (a) thr _ _ gh a transparent (b) med _ _ m?
5. No sophisticated (a) eq _ _ pment was (b) av _ _ lable in his laboratory.
6. (a) F _ _ r months later, on March 16, 1928, Raman announced his discovery of ‘new (b) rad _ _ tion’.
7. For (a) sc _ _ ntific (b) res _ _ rch in this country, it was a red-letter day.
8. His parents were keen to send him (a) abr _ _ d for higher (b) stud _ _ s.
9. In his (a) y _ _ th, Raman was mainly interested in (b) ac _ _ sties.
10. He studied how stringed instruments like the violin (a) c _ _ ld produce” (b) harmoni _ _ s music.
Answer:
1. a) Street b) building
2. a) young b)announced
3. a) true b) too
4. a) through b) medium
5. a) equipment b) available
6. a) Four b) radiation
7. a) scientific b) research
8. a) abroad b) studies
9. a) youth b) acoustics
10. a) could b) harmonious

b) Complete the words with the correct suffixes given in brackets.

1. In December, on a fine evening in 1927, there was much (a) excite ——– (mant/ment) in one of its (b) laborato ——– (ries/rys).
2. Raman was (a) equa ——– (ly/lly) delighted, (b) “Excel ——– (ent/lent) news,” he said.
3. No sophisticated equipment was (a) avail ——– (able/ible) in his labora ——– (tary/tory).
4. Raman was (a) confi ——– (dant/dent) that he could find the answer with some (b) modifica ——– (tions/ssions) in his equipment.
5. His (a) disco ——– (very/vary) caught the (b) atten ——– (sion/tion) of the world.
6. With equipment worth hardly Rs. 200/- and (a) limi ——– (tted/ted) (b) facili ——– (ties/tys), Raman was able to make a discovery.
7. February 28, the day on which he discovered the ‘Raman Effect’, is celebrated as National
Science Day to commemorate his achieve ——– (mant/ ment) in science: His achievement was remark ——– (able/ible).
8. Raman was the first Indian scholar who Studied who ——– (ly / lly) in India.
9. a) Raman was equally delighted. “Exce ——– (llent/lent) news,” he said.
b) Raman announced the discovery of ‘new radia ——– ‘ (sion/tion).
10. a) transpa ——– (rant/rent) b) equip ——– (mant/ment).
Answer:
1. a) excitement b) laboratories
2. a) equally b) Excellent
3. a) available b) laboratory
4. a) confident b) modifications
5. a) discovery b) attention
6. a) limited b) facilities
7. achievement, remarkable
8. wholly
9. a) Excellent b) radiation
10. a) transparent b) equipment

c) Find the wrongly spelt words and write the correct spelling.

i) building; head quarter; associasion; science
ii) excitement; laboratary; instrument; visitor
iii) announce; professer; delight; excellent
iv) nature; resarch; effect; through
v) mediam; question; optics; answer
vi) transperant; sophisticated; equipment; available
vii) confident; dependent; brillient; government
viii) discovery; honesty; monky; wholly
ix) behaviur; radiation; facilities; matriculation
x) luggage; marriage; carriage; collage
xi) impression; journal; surgen; throughout
xii) accousists; violin; produce; harmonious
xiii) advice; scintist; confine; essence
xiv) scholer; driver; teacher; preacher
xv) recieve; relieve; believe; achieve
xvi) science; equipment; sociaty; instrument
Answer:
i) association
ii) laboratory
iii) professor
iv) research
v) medium
vi) transparent
vii) brilliant
viii) monkey
ix) behaviour
x) college
xi) surgeon
xii) acoustics
xiii) scientist
xiv) scholar
xv) receive
xvi) society

12. Put the following words under correct headings.

A.

Answer:

B.

Answer:

C.


Answer:

D.

Answer:

13. A) Write the meaningful sentences using the words given below.
i) much:
ii) excellent:
iii) equally:
iv) too:
v) earlier:
vi) through:
vii) some:
viii) hardly :
ix) keen :
x) against:
Answer:
xiii) throughout:
xiv) wholly:
xv) used to:
Answer:
i) I don’t have much money with me.
ii) Her speech was absolutely excellent.
iii) Diet and exercise are equally important.
iv) Can I come too?
v) He learnt to play the violin at an early age.
vi) The thief got in through the window.
vii) Do you want to have some more tea?
viii) There’s hardly anytime left.
ix) John was very keen to help.
x) We are fighting against terrorism.
xi) I’ve already eaten my lunch.
xii) The doctor will see you again next week, meanwhile use these medicines regularly.
xiii) The ceremony lasted two hours anti we had to stand throughout the ceremony.
xiv) The government is not wholly to be blamed for the raising of prices.
xv) I used to live in Guntur when I was a boy.

B) Write the other forms of the following adjectives.
i) busy:
ii) excellent:
iii) young:
iv) confident:
v) brilliant:
vi) high:
vii) great:
viii) neat:
ix) clean:
x) large:
Answer:

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) busy	busier	busiest
ii) excellent	more excellent	most excellent
iii) young	younger	youngest
iv) confident	more confident	most confident
v) brilliant	. more brilliant	most brilliant
vi) high	higher	highest
vii) great	greater	greatest
viii) neat	neater	neatest
ix) clean	cleaner	cleanest
x) large	larger	largest

C) Write the full forms of the following abbreviations.

Abbreviation    Full form
1) C.D.               ……………..
2) DVD.             ……………..
3) A.D.               ……………..
4) p.m.              ……………..
5) B.A.               ……………..
6) C.M               ……………..
7) B.C.               ……………..
Answer:
1. Compact Disk
2. Digital Video Disk
3. Anno Domini
4. Post meridian
5. Bachelor of Arts
6. Chief Minister
7. Before Christ

D) Write the full forms of the words in the blanks given against each of them.
(One is done for you as an example)
Short form of the word     Full form of the word
plane                                       aeroplane
kilo                                             ………….
para                                            ………….
specs                                          ………….
photo                                         ………….
Answer:
kilogram, paragraph, spectacles, photograph

Grammar

14. Edit the following passage correcting the underlined parts.

1. Dolphins are very interesting animals. They, looks (a) like fish’but they are not fish. Fish has (b) cold blood but dolphins have warm blood. Fish can live under water and (c) dolphins cannot. They can stay in (d) water for a long time.
2. An (a) Olympic Games are the great (b) celebrations of sport in the world. They are held once . in four years. The Olympic Games began at (c) Olympia in 776 B.C. They took place from time to time till (d) 393 A.D.
3. Dhyanchand is (a) a very well – known hockey player. He was born at (b) 29 August 1905 in Allahabad. He studied in the (c) local secondary high school. In 1922, he joined a (d) British army as a sepoy.
4. Vikram Sarabhai was responsible to (a) the setting up of the Rocket Launching station or (b) space science and technology centre in (c) Thumba in Kerala. A (d) Rocket and Launching Ranger at Srihari Kota in Andhra Pradesh was set up by Dr. Sarabhai only.
5. Kites are man’s older (a) play things. Before kites man is using (b) dolls as play things. Man first used kites at (c) war. He used them to lift battle supplies. He used kites to carrying (d) other things also.
6. One day, a group of frog (a) decided to make a race and get to the top of an (b) high tower. A lot of people came to see them and give him (c) their support, but the race had just begin (d) and everybody was already saying that the frogs would not get there: It doesn’t made (e) any sense. You’ll never reach the top of the tower!
Answer:
1. a) look
b)have
c) but
d) under
2. a) The
b) greatest
c) in
d) until
3. a) was
b) on
c) a
d) the
4. a) for
b) and
c) at
d) The
5. a) oldest
b) was using
c) in
d) carry
6. a) frogs
b) a
c) them
d) begun
e) make

15. Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the correct options given against the number of blanks.

1. Have you ever ——– (1) people putting ——– (2) thumb impression on important documents? This is done mainly ——– (3) illiterate people ——– (4) they cannot put their signatures.
1) A) see B) sees C) seen D) seeing
2) A) its B) his C) their D) her
3) A) with B) from C) by D) of
4) A) so B) because C) as D) since

2. The finger prints ——– (1) the police to ——– (2) the thieves and criminals. ——– (3) keep a record of the finger prints of thieves and criminals ——– (4) to them.
1) A) helps B) help C) helped D) helping
2) A) identify B) identifying C) identified D) identifies
3) A) He B) She C) They D) It
4) A) knows B) know C) known D) knowing

3. A cell phone is ——– (1) extremely sophisticated radio. ——– (2) cell phones ——– (3) can talk to anyone ——– (4) the planet from just about anywhere.
1) A) a B) an C) the D) any
2) A) by B) with C) from D) n
3) A) she B) he C) they D) you
4) A) on B) in C) over D) above

4. Abdul is ——– (1) friend. One evening he ——– (2) home from school. He saw a boy ——– (3) in a tank suddenly he jumped ——– (4) the tank and saved the boy.
1) A) I B) my C) me D) mine
2) A) is returning B) returns C) was returning D) returned
3) A) drowns B) drowning C) drowned D) drown
4) A) in B) on C) into D) over

5. ——– (1) zoo is a place ——– (2) many kinds of birds ——– (3) animals are bred and protected. A visit to zoo is not only pleasure giving ——– (4) educative and informative.
I) A) The B) A C) An D) Any
2) A) there B) here C) where D) at
3) A) but B) or C) and D) yet
4) A) as well as B) and C) but also D) in addition to

6. Atmosphere makes ——– (1) earth a planet of life. It ——– (2) us with the air to breathe, protects ——– (3) from dangerous solar rays ——– (4) saves us from extremes of heat and cold.
1. A) a B) an C) the D) that
2. A) supply B) supplies C) supplied D) supplyinq
3. A) we B) us C) our D) ours
4. A) but B) yet C) or D) and

7. Yudhisthira was the name of ——– (1) poor potter who ——– (2) in a certain kingdom. One night, ——– (3) he was returning after drinking ——– (4) than he should, he stumbled and fell over some pots. When he got up, he saw blood was oozing out of his forehead. There was a deep cut due to a broken piece of pot.
1. A) a B) an C) the D) any
2. A) live B) lived C) living D) lives
3. A) which B) where C) who D) when
4. A) much B) more C) many D) lot
Answer:
1. 1 – C; 2 – C; 3 – C; 4 – B
2. 1 – B; 2 – A; 3 – C; 4 – C
3. 1 – B; 2 – B; 3 – D; 4 – A
4. 1 – B; 2 – C; 3 – B; 4 – C
5. 1 – B; 2 – C; 3 – C; 4 – C
6. 1 – C; 2 – B; 3 – B; 4 – D
7. 1 – A; 2 – B; 3 – D; 4 – B

16. A) Write the other forms of the following verbs.
Present tense Past tense Past Participle
1) show          ………………..  ………………..
2) announce
3) win
4) delight
5) lose
6) say
7) pass
8) hail
9) catch
10) make
11) bear
12) advise
13) begin
14) become
15) think
Answer:

Present tense	Past tense	Past Participle
1) show	showed	shown
2) announce	.announced	announced
3) win	won	won
4) delight	delighted	delighted
5) lose	lost	lost
6) say	said	said
7) pass	passed	passed
8) hail	hailed	hailed
9) catch	caught	caught
10) make	made	made
11) bear	bore	borne
12) advise	advised	advised
13) begin	began	begun
14) become	became	become
15) think	thought	thought

B) Read the following sentences and say what they mean. Choose the right answer from the choices given.

1. Shall I help you in carrying your luggage? ( )
(a) making a request
(b) asking for permission
(c) offering help
2. Could you please lend me your note book? ( )
(a) making a request
(b) asking for permission
(c) making an enquiry
3. Would you mind my leaving the class early? ( )
(a) asking for permission
(b) making a request
(c) giving permission
4. You had better join English tution. ( )
(a) Giving permission
(b) Making a request
(c) Giving a suggestion
5. I am afraid I can’t attend the party. ( )
(a) Expressing fear
(b) Expressing apology
(c) Refusing a request
6. Will you join us for a party? ( )
(a) questioning
(b) advising
(c) inviting
7. Could you please shut the door? ( )
(a) Making a request
(b) asking for permission
(c) Giving an order
8. Shoot the enemy ….. ( )
(a) Giving an order
(b) request
(c) advice
9. Work hard ( )
(a) Advice
(b) request
(c) order
10. Keep quiet, won’t you? ( )
(a) Advice
(b) request
(c) order
Answer:
1) c
2) a
3) a
4) c
5) b
6) c
7) a
8) a
9) a
10) c

C. Fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’.

1. 1987, M.S. Swaminathan was awarded ______ Ramon Magsaysay Award.
2. We dined yesterday at ________ Maurya Sherton hotel.
3. Tejaswini lent me _________ interesting book.
4. My father is ____________ school teacher.
5. M.S.Swaminathan worked at _______ Indian Agricultural Research Institute.
6. Rekha bought _______ long notebook yesterday.
7. Sravani is eating ___________ mango now.
8. Ganesh always carries _______ umbrella with him.
9. Rambabu is _______ English teacher in a high school.
10. Manjula and Sruthi play______ guitar well.
11. 1)Raju is __________ honourable person.
2) That would make _________ good present.
3) Can you give me _________ books on the table?
12. 1)Suresh is _______ first ranker in the class.
2) The teacher gave me _______ interesting book.
3) Bhargavi is eating _______ biscuit now.
13. 1) In 1987, M.S. Swaminathan was awarded _______ Ramon Magsaysay Award.
2) We stayed yesterday at ________ Taj Mahal hotel.
3) Anusha lent me ________ interesting book.
Answer:
1) the
2) the
3) an
4) a
5) the
6) a
7) a
8) an
9) an
10) the
11) 1) an 2) a 3) the
12) 1) the 2) an 3) a
13) 1) the 2) the 3) an

D. Now fill in the blanks with ‘in’, ‘on’ and ‘at’.

1. Sarathchandra and Keerthana are brother and sister. Sarathchandra was born —(1)— 25th April —(2)— 2000. Keerthana was born —(3)— December 2, 2001. They are with their parents. They Live —(4)— Kondamudusupalem, a small village —(5)— Prakasam District. They play games —(6)— school. It is usually very hot —(7)— May —(8)— their village. So they spend their summer —(9)— Hyderabad —(10)— their uncle’s house.
Mr. Srisailam is their uncle. He resides —(11)— High Court Colony —(12)— Hyderabad with his wife, Jagadeeswan and his daughter, Vishnu Priya.

2. Sridevi was a famous Indian actress. She was born ——– 13 August 1963 ——– Sivakasi. Her parents were Ayyappan and Rajeswari. She acted ——– 285 films.

3. Raman was born ——– November 7, 1888 and did his M.A. Course ——– Presidency College ——– Madras.
Answer:
1. 1) on
2) in
3) on
4) at
5) in
6) at
7) in
8) at
9) in
10) at
11) at
12) in
2. on, at, in
3. on, at, in

E. Fill in the blanks with too, throughout; however ; meanwhile ; against ; later.

1) The house was painted white ——–.
2) They are fighting ——– terrorism.
3) Bob spent an hour with his computer, Ann ——– took care of the children of-her own.
4) He wanted to take no risks ——– small.
5) See you ——–.
6) When I’ve finished painting the hall, I’m going to do the kitchen ——–.
Answer:
1) throughout
2) against
3) meanwhile
4) however
5) later
6) too

F.
1) Ravi wants to buy a car but he doesn’t have enough to buy a car. How would Ravi express his wish using wish?
2) Sita was angry and spoke rudely to Gita. Later she thought It was wrong. She was not happy about the way she spoke to her friend. How would she express her unhappiness using ‘wish’?
3) Your father is smoking heavily these days. You are not happy with it and you want to change him. How would you express the same idea using ‘wish’?
4) You joined a job in a company. You are not happy with the job. How would you express your
unhappiness using ‘wish’?
5) Sarala is somewhat beautiful. She wants to be even more beautiful. How would she express the idea using ‘wish’?
Answer:
1) I wish I had more money.
2) I wish I had not said that.
3) I wish father would stop smoking.
4) I wish I had not joined the job.
5) I wish I were even more beautiful.

G. Add question tags to the following statements.

1) I will go home, ___________ ?
2) The story is interesting, ______________ ?
3) I am not a fool, ___________ ?
4) I am clever, ______________ ?
5) 1 can speak English, _____________ ?
6) She has paid the fees, _____________ ?
7) We have seen the film, ___________ ?
8) You are wise, ___________ ?
9) I shall go, ____________ ?
10) You must do this, _____________ ?
Answer:
1)won’t I?
2) Isn’t it?
3) am I?
4} aren’t I?
5) can’t I?
6} hasn’t she?
7) haven’t we?
8) aren’t you?
9) shan’t I?
10) mustn’t you?

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Important Questions Unit 1

7th Class English Important Questions Unit 1

Section – A: Reading Comprehension

A. Reading

1. Read the following text.

The town mouse and the country mouse were cousins. They often wrote to each other. One day, the country mouse got this letter from his cousin.

Kitchen Cupboard,
Mouse Town.
11 March 2012.

Dear Cousin,

I have been ill with a cough and my doctor feels I need a holiday. He has asked me to spend a week in the countryside. May I stay with you? Please give me an early reply.

With warm regards,

Yours affectionately,
Town Mouse

To
Country Mouse, The Mouse Hole,
Mouse Country.

Now answer the following questions:
a) Who sent the letter to whom?
b) Where does the country mouse live?
c) Where does the town mouse live ?
d) What relation does the country mouse and town mouse have ?
e) How long does the town mouse want to stay in the country ?
f) Why does the town mouse want to visit the country mouse ?
Answers:
a) The town mouse sent the letter to the country mouse.
b) The country mouse lives in the mouse hole in Mouse Country.
c) The town mouse lives in kitchen cupboard in Mouse Town.
d) The country mouse and the town mouse are cousins.
e) The town mouse wants to stay for a week in the country.
f) The town mouse had been suffering from cough and cold and his doctor advised him to spend a week in the countryside.

2. Read the following passage.

Receiving the invitation from the country mouse, the town mouse packed his bags and caught the next train to the countryside. The day was bright and sunny and soon the town mouse began to feel hot in the train.
“I wish there was an air-conditioned coach,” he said to himself. “I feel very uncomfortable here.”
However, there was nothing he could do about it. So, he grumbled to himself while the train chugged’slowly into the country. The country mouse was waiting at the station.
“Oh, cousin,” the town mouse said as soon as he got off the train. “The train was dreadful, I feel terribly hot and thirsty. I hope you have something ice-cold for me to drink at home.”
“Well, I have some water,” said the country mouse. “But I can look around for some coconut water if you like.”
“Coconut water?” asked the town mouse in horror. “Don’t you have any orange juice or lemonade ?”
“I am afraid not,” replied his cousin. “But I found a very nice piece of root today and a tender bit of sugar-cane. I’m sure you will enjoy that.”

Now answer the following questions:
a) How was the day weather when the town mouse travelled to the country?
b) “I wish there was an air-conditioned coach,” he said to himself. “I feel very uncomfortable here” – What does this tell us about the town mouse?
c) How did the town mouse feel in the train?
d) What did the country mouse offer the town mouse as soon as he got off the train?
e) What did the town mouse ask the country mouse for ?
Answers:
a) The day was very bright and sunny when the town mouse travelled to the country.
b) It tells us that the town mouse was leading a luxurious, comfortable and civilised life in the town with all modern amenities and comforts.
c) The town mouse felt that the train was dreadful. He felt very hot and thirsty in the train.
d) The country mouse offered some water or coconut water to the town mouse as soon as he got off the train.
e) The town mouse asked the country mouse for orange juice or lemonade.

3. Read the following passage.

“I am afraid not, “ replied his cousin. “But I found a very nice piece of root today and a tender bit of sugar-cane. I’m sure you will enjoy that.”
“Root? Sugar-cane?” the town mouse exclaimed. “But I don’t eat raw food like that.”
The country mouse said, “This is what we eat in the country. So, I’m afraid you too have to eat this. Try it. It’s not bad.”
The town mouse did not enjoy his dinner at all. He nibbled at the root and the sugar-cane and then said he wanted to sleep. The country mouse showed a corner in the mouse hole and said, “There you are; you can sleep there.”
“On the ground?” asked the town mouse. “Do I have to sleep on the ground?”
“Yes, this is how we sleep in the country,” his cousin answered.
As the town mouse lay down on the hard, cold ground, he suddenly thought of something. “Cousin,” he called out.
“Yes, what is it?” the country mouse asked. .
“Why is it so quiet here? Where are all the cars and lorries? Where are the radios and the televisions? Where are all the lights ?”
“This is how it is in the country,” his cousin replied. “It’s always quiet in the country. Sometimes it is quieter than today. My grandfather says that our village is the quietest among all the villages in our district.” “Oh! Is it? The country is a strange place,” said the town mouse. But he said to himself, “I don’t think I like this place.”

Now answer the following questions:
a) What did the country mouse eat in the country?
b) What does the clause ‘I am afraid’ here mean?
c) Where did the country mouse sleep?
d) What did the town mouse worry about?
e) Why did the town mouse not like the country?
Answers:
a) The country mouse used to eat raw food like roots and sugar-cane.
b) ‘I am afraid’ here means ‘sorry’. It is used to express apology;
c) The country mouse used to sleep on the ground.
d) The town mouse worried why it was so quiet in the country, why there were no radios and televisions, why there were no cars and lorries, in the country.
e) There was no delicious food such as bread, jam, fruits and chocolates in the country. There was no comfortable bed to sleep There were no buses and lorries and there was no busy life in the country. Hence the town mouse did not like the country.

4. Read the following passage.

Next morning, the town mouse found that there was no breakfast ready. His cousin told him that they had to go to the nearby farm to search for food.
“We are sure to find something there,” he said. “A nice piece of root or a tender bit of sugar-cane.”
But the town mouse had enough. “Thank you, cousin,” he said. “But I think I’ll catch the next train home. I have suddenly remembered that I have forgotten something.”
A few days later, the country mouse wrote to his cousin, the town mouse. Here is the letter.

Mouse Hole,
Mouse Country.
22 March 2012.

My dear Cousin,

I hope you are well. I am worried about you. I would like to visit you and make sure you are alright.

With love,

Your cousin,
Country Mouse

To
Town Mouse,
Kitchen Cupboard,
Mouse Town.

The town mouse received the letter and read it. Since he was in a hurry, he sent a telegram to the country mouse. Here is his telegram.

OVERJOYED (.) COME SOON (.)
TOWN MOUSE

Now answer the following questions:
a) Where had the mice to go for collecting breakfast?
b) What might they get for their breakfast?
c) Why do you think the town mouse said that he would catch the next train?
d) What did the country mouse write in his letter to his cousin?
e) “Since he was in hurry, he sent a telegram to the countryside” – What does this line suggest us about the life of the town mouse?
Answers :
a) The mice had to go to the nearby farm to search for food.
b) They might get a nice piece of root or a tender bit of sugar-cane for their breakfast.
c) The town mouse did not like the style of living.in the countryside. He was unable to adjust to the ways of the village. So he wanted to go back to the town.
d) The country mouse wrote that he was very much worried about his sick cousin. He said that he would like to visit his cousin to see whether he was alright.
e) It suggests us that in town the life of people is very busy.

5. Read the following passage.
A few days later, the.country mouse arrived in the town. He was surprised by the noise and the lights.
“Why are there lights even in the middle of the night?” he asked.
“This is the town,” his cousin replied. “Here there are lights even in the middle of the day.” “And what is this dreadful noise that never stops?” asked the country mouse.
“That is the traffic,” the town mouse replied. “That is the noise made by buses, lorries, cars and aeroplanes.”
But the country mouse did not like it at all. “All this noise has made my head ache,” he said. “Could I have some water to drink?”
“Why only water?” said the town mouse. “Look at what there is for you – ice cold lemonade, orange juice … which one do you want?”
“Just some water,” answered the country mouse. “Some water and a little bit of food.”
“I have plenty of food, cousin,” said the town mouse proudly. “You can eat as much as you like.”
Sure enough, the house of the town mouse at the back of a kitchen cupboard was full of most delicious food.

Now answer the following questions:
a) What surprised the country mouse in the town?
b) Where did the noise come from?
c) Why did the country mouse not like the noise in the town?
d) What did the town mouse offer his cousin when he asked for water?
e) Why did the town mouse say proudly that he had a plenty of food?
Answers :
a) The country mouse was surprised by the noise and lights in the town.
b) The noise came from the traffic. This noise was made by buses, lorries, cars and aeroplanes.
c) His village was very peaceful. There was no traffic in the country. There were no buses, lorries, cars and aeroplanes in the village.
d) The town mouse offered his cousin ice-cold lemonade, orange juice.
e) In the town a lot of delicious food was available, but in the village every time they were
hungry they had to search for food here and there.

6. Read the following passage.

There was bread and jam, different kinds of fruits, slabs of chocolate and a huge piece of lovely cheese.
“Eat, cousin, eat,” said the town mouse. But just then, there was a sound like a thunder and the town mouse shouted. “Run, cousin, run, run.”
The town mouse pushed the country mouse out through a hole in the back of the cupboard. The country mouse felt his heart beating very fast, “But what is it?” he asked.
“Sssh. ..” whispered the town mouse. “Wait.”
When everything was silent again, the town mouse crept out of the hole. He was quite cheerful again.
“Come out now, cousin,” he said. “That was only somebody opening the cupboard door. We are safe now.”
But they were not safe for very long. Twice more, they had to run for safety when somebody opened the cupboard door.
The country mouse got quite tired of running and hiding. “I want to go back to the country, ” he said. “We may not get much food there, but at least we can eat in peace.”
So, the next day, the country mouse went back to his house in the country and the town mouse stayed on in his cupboard in the town. And as far as I know, they did not visit each other again.

Now answer the following questions.
a) “There was bread and jam, different kinds of fruits” What difference do you find between the food available in the country and that of the town?
b) Where did the town mouse live?
c) “But just then, there was a sound like a thunder” – Where did the sound come from?
d) “We are safe now” – Were they really safe now? Why / Why not?
e) The country mouse wanted to go back to the country. Why?
Answers:
a) In the country the mice had to search for food which was raw and traditional but in the town variety of food was readily available, cooked and delicious.
b) The town mouse lived at the back of the cupboard.
c) The sound came from the opening of the cupboard door.
d) No. They were not really safe. They had to run for safety every time the door of the cupboard was opened.
e) The country mouse got quite tired of running and hiding. Though he did not get much food in the country he could live peacefully and safely there.

7. Read the following passage.

The town mouse and the country mouse were cousins. They often wrote to each other. Receiving the invitation from the country mouse, the town mouse packed his bags and caught the next train to the countryside. The day was bright and sunny and soon the town mouse began to feel hot in the train.
“I wish there was an air-conditioned coach,” he said to himself. “I feel very uncomfortable here”. However, there was nothing he could do about it. So, he grumbled to himself while the train chugged slowly into the country. The country mouse was waiting at the station. “Oh, cousin,” the town mouse said as soon as he got off the train. “The train was dreadful, I feel terribly hot and thirsty. I hope you have something ice-cold for me to drink at home.”
“Well,’I have some water,” said the country mouse. “But I can look around for .some coconut water if you like.” “Coconut water?” asked the town mouse in’horror. “Don’t you have any orange juice or lemonade?”

Now, answer the following questions.
a) Describe how the town mouse felt in the train.
b) Why is the town mouse travelling to the countryside?
c) “Coconut water?” asked the town mouse in horror. “Don’t you have any orange juice or lemonade?”
Based on the above lines from the passage, what can we say about the town mouse?
d) What food was arranged by the country mouse for the town mouse?
e) Why was the town mouse feeling thirsty?
Answers:
a) The town mouse felt hot and uncomfortable in the train. He wished that there was an air- conditioned coach in the train. But he couldn’t do anything about it.
b) The country mouse invited the town mouse to visit the countryside. So, the town mouse was travelling to the countryside.
c) The town mouse was enjoying the varieties of food and luxuries available in the town. It felt strange as the countryside did not have those facilities. The town mouse was not happy and could not adjust with the simple and natural things of country life. He wanted to have all the luxurious items.
d) A nice piece of root and a tender bit of sugarcane was arranged for dinner.
e) The town mouse felt thirsty because he had travelled in a train on a sunny day and was feeling hot.

8. Read the following passage.

Receiving the invitation from the country mouse, the town mouse packed his bags and caught the next train to the countryside. The day was bright and sunny and soon the town mouse began to feel hot in the train.
“I wish there was an air-conditioned coach,” he said to himself. “I feel very uncomfortable here.”

Now, answer the following questions.
a) Who sent the invitation to the town mouse?
b) How was the town mouse going to the countryside?
c) How was the weather?
d) What did the town mouse wish to have?
e) Why did the town mouse wish to have it?
Answers :
a) The country mouse sent the invitation to the town mouse.
b) The town mouse was going to the countryside by a train,
c) The weather was very hot.
d) The town mouse wished to have an air conditioned coach.
e) In the town the town mouse used to live with all comforts such as air condition. He was unable to withstand the heat of the sun. So he wished to have an air-conditioned coach.

9. Read the following passage.

Next morning, the town mouse found that there was no breakfast ready. His cousin told him that they had to go to the nearby farm to search for food. ‘We are sure to find something there,” he said. “A nice piece of root or a tender bit of sugar-cane.” But the town mouse had enough. ‘Thank you, cousin,” he said. “But I think I’ll catch the next train home. I have suddenly remembered that I have forgotten something.”

Now, answer the following questions.
a) What did the town mouse find?
b) Where will they find the food?
c) Why did the town mouse want to go home?
d) What reason did the town mouse give for going home?
e) Identify two food items mentioned in the passage.
Answers:
a) that there was no breakfast ready
b) in a nearyby farm
c) The town mouse used to have varieties of ready made and delicious food in the town. But now here in the countryside it has to go the fields in search of raw food. So the town mouse wanted to go home.
d) The town mouse told that he suddenly remembered that he had forgotten something.
e) root and sugarcane

B. Reading

1. Read the following stanza.

I live in the town
In a street;
It is crowded with traffic
And feet;
There are buses and motors
And trams;
I wish there were meadows
And lambs.

Now answer the following questions:
a) Who does ‘I’ in the above stanza refer to?
b) Where does the speaker live?
c) How is the street where he lives?
d) Why is there a lot of traffic?
e) Does the speaker like the town?
f) What does he wish?
g) How does the speaker like his place to be?
h) Where does the speaker want to live?
i) Why does the speaker not like the town?
j) Where do you expect the meadows and lambs-in towns or in the country ?
k) Pick out the rhyming words from the stanza.
Answers :
a) ‘I’ in the above stanza refers to the town child.
b) The speaker lives in the town.
c) The street is full of traffic and pedestrians.
d) Because there are a lot of buses, motors and trams.
e) No. The speaker (the town child) does not like the town.
f) He wishes that there were meadows and lambs.
g) The speaker likes his place to be beautiful with meadows and animals.
h) The speaker wants to live in a village which is full of meadows and animals.
i) The town is completely congested with full of buildings and traffic. There are no meadows and animals which make the nature beautiful in the town. So he does not like to live in a town.
j) We can expect the meadows and lambs in the villages but not in the town.
k) 1) street…. feet; 2) trams – lambs.

2. Read the following stanza.

The houses all wait
In a row,
There is smoke everywhere
That I go.
I don’t like the noises
I hear.
I wish there were woods
Very near.

Now answer the following questions:
a) Who is speaking in this stanza?
b) How are the houses built?
c) ‘There is a smoke everywhere” – What does ‘there I here refer to? (Or) Where is the smoke?
d) Why is there a lot of smoke everywhere?
e) What does he not like?
f) Where do these noises come from?
g) What does the speaker wish?
h) Why does the speaker want to have ‘woods’ near his place?
i) What do you understand from the wish of the speaker?
j) Pick out the rhyming words from the stanza.
Answers :
a) The town child is speaking in this stanza.
b) The houses are built in a row.
c) ‘There’ here refers to the town. (Or) The smoke is everywhere in the town.
d) Because in town there are a lot of factories, hotels, industries and a lot of cars, buses, trams and lorries. They emit a lot of smoke.
e) He does not like the noises and smoke from the factories, industries and vehicles.
f) These noises come from the vehicles, industries and factories.
g) The speaker wishes to have forests or woods near his town.
h) The speaker wishes to have forests near his town because the trees of the forests help to control pollution by absorbing the carbon dioxide.
i) We understand that the speaker wants to live peacefully away from the noise and pollution of the town.
j) row – go; hear – near.

3. Read the following stanza.

There is only one thing
That I love,
And that is the sky
Far above,
There is plenty of room
In the blue
For castles of clouds
And me, too!

Now answer the following questions :
a) Who does ‘I’ here refer to?
b) What is the only thing the speaker loves?
c) Why does he like sky?
d) “In the blue” – What does the word ‘blue’ here mean?
e) What castles are there in the sky?
f) “And me too’ – Where does the speaker want to be?
g) Why does the speaker want himself to be in castles of clouds?
h) What is the plenty of room there in the sky for?
i) Which word in the above stanza means “large strong buildings”?
j) Pick out the rhyming words from the stanza.
Answers:
a) ‘I’ here refers to the town child.
b) The only thing the speaker (the town child) loves in the town is the sky.
c) Because in the sky there is a lot of room and there are no buildings and vehicles, noise and smoke in the sky.
d) The word ‘blue’ here means the ‘sky’.
e) In the sky there are castles of clouds.
f) The speaker wants to be in the sky.
g) Because in the castles of clouds there is no smoke and noise and there is a lot of open place in the sky. In the sky he can be away from pollution and helter- skelter of the town.
h) In the sky there is a lot of room for the castles of clouds.
i) Castles
j) love … above; blue – too.

4. Read the following stanza.

My home is a house
Near a wood
(I’d live in a street
If I could!)
The lanes are so quiet,
Oh, dear!
I do wish that someone Lived near.

Now answer the following questions:
a) Who is speaking in this stanza?
b) Where is the speaker’s house?
c) Where does he want to live?
d) How are the lanes?
e) Why are the lanes so quiet?
f) What does the speaker wish?
g) Which word in the stanza means “an area of trees smaller than a forest”?
h) Who does the speaker address as ‘dear’?
i) “I wish that someone lived near” – What do you understand from this sentence?
j) Pick out the rhyming words from the stanza.
Answers:
a) The country child is speaking in the stanza.
b) The speaker’s house is near a wood.
c) The speaker (The country child) wants to live in a street in the town.
d) The lanes in his village are so quiet.
e) Because there are a few people in the village.
f) The speaker wishes that someone lives near his house.
g) ‘wood’
h) The speaker addresses the readers as ‘dear’.
i) In the country very few people live and there are no one to play with him. So he wishes someone to live in his neighbourhood.
j) wood …. could ; dear …. near.

5. Read the following stanza.

There is no one to play with
At all,
The trees are so high
And so tall;
And I should be lonely
For hours,
Were it not for the birds
And the flowers.

Now answer the following questions:
a) Why is there no one to play with?
b) How are the trees?
c) Why are the trees so high and tall?
d) How is he in the country?
e) Were it not for the birds and the flowers’ – What does this clause mean?
f) Who are the friends for him in the country?
g) When should he be lonely?
h) What does the poet want to describe in the stanza?
i) Why does the speaker not want to live in the village?
j) Pick out the rhyming words from the stanza.
Answers:
a) Because it is the country and very few people live there.
b) The trees are high and tall.
c) Because in the country there is a lot of place. In the town all the trees are cut down for want of site for construction of houses, factories and roads.
d) He is lonely in the country.
e) It means that if the birds and flowers were not there, he should be lonely in the country.
f) The birds and flowers are his friends in the country.
g) If the birds and animals were not there, he should be lonely.
h) The poet wants to describe why the country child does not like to live in the „ country.
i) The speaker does not like to live in the country because there are no one to give company to him in the country.
j) all – tall; hours – flowers.

6. Read the following stanza.

I wish that I lived
In a town
To see all the trams
Going down
A twinkling street
That is bright
With wonderful colours
At night!

Now answer the following questions:
a) Who does ‘I’ here refer to?
b) Where does the speaker live?
c) What does the speaker wish?
d) Why does he want to live in a town?
e) What attracts him to the town life?
f) How are the streets in the town at night?
g) What does the poet want to describe in the stanza?
h) Pick out the rhyming words in the stanza.
i) Why are the nights colourful in towns?
j) If you were given an option to live in a town or a country, where would you prefer to live?
Answers:
a) ‘I’ here refers to the country child.
b) The speaker lives in a country.
c) The speaker wishes to live in a town.
d) In a town he can see the trams, the bright lights, colourful nights. They make him wish to live in a town.
e) The trams, the colourful nights and the bright lights attract him to the town life.
f) The streets are bright and colourful in the town at night.
g) The poet wants to describe why people are attracted to the city life in the stanza.
h) town – down; bright – night.
i) The town wakes up all the night and some activity or other goes on all the night in the town. So the nights are bright and colourful in the town.
j) If I were given an option to live in a town or in a country, I would prefer to live in a country.

7. Read the following stanza.

The Town Child

I live in the town
In a street;
It is crowded with traffic
And feet;
There are buses and motors
And trams;
I wish there were meadows
And lambs.
The houses all wait
In a row,
There is smoke everywhere
That I go.
I don’t like the noises
I hear –
I wish there were woods
Very near.

Now, answer the following questions:
a) Where does the ‘speaker’ live?
b) Pick out any two vehicles from the poem.
c) What does the speaker find everywhere?
d) Pick out the word that rhymes with ‘trams’.
e) What does the speaker want to be very near?
Answers:
a) The speaker lives in a town.
b) Buses and trams
c) The speaker finds smoke everywhere.
d) ‘lambs’
e) The speaker wants to have woods very near.

C. Reading

1. Read the following passage.

When spring came to the city of Cleveland in 1909, it did not change Gates Avenue.
People who lived on the pretty streets near Gates Avenue were making gardens and painting their houses. But Gates Avenue continued to ‘look dirty and ugly.
Gates Avenue was a short street, but it seemed longer because it was so ugly. Most of the families who lived there had very little money. They never expected to have any more. Their houses had not been painted in many years, and they did not even have n.inning water.
The street itself was ugly too. There was no pavement, there was no streetlight; and the railroad’ at the end of Gates Avenue added noise and dirt.

Now answer the following questions:
a) Why did Gates Avenue seem longer though it was short?
b) Why were the houses not painted in Gates Avenue?
c) What facilities did they not have in Gates Avenue street?
d) What added noise and dirt to Gates Avenue?
e) Who were making gardens and painting their houses?
Answers:
a) Gates Avenue seemed very long because it was very much ugly and dirty.
b) because the people in Gates Avenue were very poor.
c) Gates Avenue did not have pavement and streetlight.
d) The rail road at the end of the street added noise and dirt to Gates Avenue.
e) People who lived on the pretty streets near Gates Avenue were making gardens and painting their houses.

Additional Questions
a) What is the name of the street mentioned in the passage?
b) En what way was Gates Avenue different from other streets?
c) Why was Gates Avenue ugly and dirty?
d) What made Gates Avenue look very ugly?
e) Where is Gates Avenue?
f) Why did the other streets in Cleveland look pretty?
g) “….. they did not even have running water’ – What does the phrase ‘running water’ here mean?
Answers:
a) Gates Avenue was the name of the street.
b) While all the other streets were made-beautiful by growing gardens and painting houses Gates Avenue looked dirty and ugly.
c) 1. The people living in Gates Avenue were very poor.
2. They could not afford to paint their houses.
3. There was no proper drainage system in the Avenue.
4. The street itself was ugly.
5. Lack of pavements and drainage system and the existence of the rail gate at the end of the street made the street even more ugly.
d) The rail road at the end of the street made the street even more ugly.
e) Gates Avenue is in Cleveland.
f) The people in other streets made their streets look beautiful by growing gardens and painting their houses.
g) Water supply system through pipes and taps

2. Read the following passage.

The other girls in the school near Gates Avenue wore new and pretty clothes that spring. But the little girl from Gates Avenue still wore the dirty dress that she had worn all winter. Probably that was the only dress she owned.
Her teacher was very unhappy. The little girl was so nice! She always worked hard in school; she was always friendly and polite. Her face was dirty and her hair was untidy, but anyone could see that she was pretty under the dirt.
One day the teacher said, “Won’t you wash your face before you come to school tomorrow morning? Please do that, just for me.
The next morning the child’s pretty face was clean, and her hair tidy. Before the little girl went home that afternoon, the teacher said, “Now, dear, please ask your mother to wash your dress.”
But the girl continued to wear the same dirty dress, “Her mother is probably not interested in her,” the teacher thought. So she bought a bright blue dress and gave it to the little girl. The child took the gift eagerly and rushed home.

Now answer the following questions:
a) Why did the girl wear the dirty dress?
b) “Probably that was the only dress she owned” – How can you say?
c) Why was the teacher unhappy?
d) Why would all the people say, “She was pretty under the dirt”?
e) What kind of girl was she?
f) “Please do that just for me.” – What does the word ‘that’ here mean?
g) Why did the girl look pretty the next day?
h) What did the teacher request the girl the next day?
i) Why did the girl continue to wear the same dirty dress?
j) What did the teacher do on the third day to make her look beautiful?
Answers:
a) Because the girl was poor and she owned only one dress.
b) 1. She was very poor.
2. She used to wear the same dress every day.
c) Because though the girl was so nice her face was dirty and her hair was untidy.
d) Naturally she was very pretty and beautiful but her face was dirty and her hair was untidy. So everyone would say she was pretty under the dirt.
e) She was a nice girl. She always worked hard in school. She was always friendly and polite.
f) ‘That’ here means washing her face before coming to school.
g) Because the next morning the girl washed her face and had her hair combed.
h) The next morning the teacher requested the girl to get her dress washed.
i) Because she had only one dress and she would not have had another dress if she had got it washed.
j) On the third day the teacher bought a new blue dress and gave it to the girl to make her look beautiful.

3. Read the following passage.

The next morning she came to school in the new blue dress, and she was very clean and tidy. She told her teacher, “My mother couldn’t believe her eyes when she saw me this morning in my new dress. My father wasn’t at home, but he’ll see me at supper tonight.” She was full of excitement.
When her father saw her in her new blue dress, he was amazed to find that he had a very pretty little girl. When the family ate supper, he was even more amazed to see a cloth on the kitchen table-, The family had never used a table cloth before. “We’re going to begin to be tidier here,” his wife said. “I’m ashamed to be dirty when our daughter is so clean.”
After supper, the mother began to wash the kitchen floor. Her husband watched silently for several moments. Then he went outside and began to repair the fence. The next evening, with the family’s help, he began to make a garden.

Now answer the following questions:
a) How did the girl look the next morning when she came to school?
b) Why was she very clean and tidy the next morning?
c) Why could her mother not believe her eyes?
d) Why was the girl full of excitement?
e) What made her father amazed?
f) What made her father even more amazed?
g) What did her father decide?
h) Why was her mother ashamed?
i) What did her mother do to be tidier?
j) What did her father do to keep the surroundings clean?
Answers:
a) The girl was very clean and tidy the next day.
b) Because she washed her face, combed her hair and wore a new blue dress.
c) Because the girl looked beautiful in her blue dress.
d) Because she looked beautiful in her blue dress and her parents were happy to see her beautiful face.
e) Her father was amazed to know that his daughter was very beautiful.
f) When he saw a cloth on the kitchen table he was even more amazed.
g) Her father decided to begin to be tidier thereafter.
h) Her mother was ashamed to be dirty when their daughter was so clean.
i) She began to wash the kitchen floor after supper.
j) Her father repaired the fence and he began to grow a garden to make the surroundings clean.

4. Read the following passage.

During the following week, the man in the next house watched what his neighbour was doing. And by the end of the week, the man began to paint his house — for the first time in ten years. A few days later, the young minister of a church near Gates Avenue passed these two houses and saw two men working. For the first time he noticed that there was no pavement on Gates Avenue, and no streetlight, and no running water. “People who are trying so hard to make decent homes here deserve help,” the minister thought. He asked some important citizens in the city to help them.

Now answer the following questions:
a) How did girl’s father inspire his neighbour?
b) Who came to Gates Avenue?
c) What did the young minister notice?
d) What inspired the young minister to build a pavement?
e) Why did the minister feel that the people deserved help?
f) “He asked some important citizens to help them” – Who does ‘they’ here refer to?
g) What did the minister ask the important citizens to do?
h) What were the problems the minister noticed in Gates Avenue?
i) What did the minister see at first?
j) How long had the house not been painted?
Answers:
a) When the neighbour of the girl watched her father growing a garden he was inspired and began to paint his house.
b) The young minister of a church came to Gates Avenue.
c) The young minister noticed that the pavement, streetlights and running water were not there at Gates Avenue.
d) When he came to Gates Avenue he saw two men working in front of their houses to make their surroundings clean. It inspired the minister to build a pavement.
e) When he came to Gates Avenue he saw the people working to clean their surroundings; so he felt they deserved the help.
f) ‘They’ here refers to the people of Gates Avenue.
g) The minister asked the important citizens to help the people of Gates Avenue.
h) Lack of pavements, streetlights and proper running water system were the problems in Gates Avenue.
i) At first the minister saw the men working to clean their surroundings.
j) The house had not been painted for years.

5. Read the following passage.

A few months later, because of the young minister, there was a pavement on Gates Avenue.
There was a streetlight on the corner, and the houses had running water. Six months after the little girl got her new blue dress, Gates Avenue had become a tidy street where respectable citizens lived.
When people in other places heard the story of Gates Avenue, they began to organise their own ‘clean up’ campaigns. Since 1913, more than seven thousand towns and cities have organised campaigns for painting and repairing homes and making better lives for the people who live in them.
Who knows what will happen when a teacher gives a little girl a new blue dress?

Now answer the following questions:
a) Who was responsible for building a pavement?
b) What were the other services provided by the minister?
c) How long did it take to get a tidy street for Gates Avenue?
d) Now what type of citizens live in Gates Avenue?
e) How did the experience of Gates Avenue inspire the other places in the city?
f) When did the ‘clean up’ campaign begin in Cleveland?
g) Who do you think initiated the’clean up’campaign in Gates Avenue?
h) What type of activities were taken up as a part of ‘cleaning up campaign’?
i) Do you know any such campaign is going on in our country now? Name that campaign.
j) According the passage, how many towns and cities have organized ‘clean up’ campaigns since 1913?
Answers:
a) The young minister of the church was responsible for building a pavement.
b) The minister provided streetlight, and running water system in addition to the pavement in Gates Avenue.
c) Gates Avenue took six months after the girl had got a new dress to get a tidy street.
d) Now respectable citizens live ip Gates Avenue.
e) Having been inspired by the people of Gates Avenue the people of other places began to organise their own ‘clean up’ campaigns.
f) The ‘clean up’ campaign began in 1913 in Cleveland.
g) The ‘clean up’ campaign was actually initiated by the teacher who bought a new dress for the poor girl.
h) As a part of cleaning up campaign people took up painting, and repairing homes and making better lives for the people who live in it.
i) Yes. One such ‘clean up’ campaign is going on in our country now. The massive ‘clean up’ programme is called ‘Swatchch Bharath’ (Clean India). It was started by our Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 2nd October 2014.
j) More than seven thousand towns and cities.

6. Read the following passage.

The little girl from Gates Avenue wore the dirty dress that she had worn all winter. Probably that was the only dress she owned. Her teacher was very unhappy. The little girl was so nice! She always worked hard in school; she was always friendly and polite. Her face was dirty and her hair was untidy, but anyone could see that she was pretty under the dirt. One day the teacher said, “Won’t you wash your face before you come to school tomorrow morning? Please do that, just for me.”
The next morning the child’s pretty face was clean, and her hair tidy. Before the little girl went home that afternoon, the teacher said, “Now, dear, please ask your mother to wash your dress. “But the girl continued to wear the same dirty dress, “Her mother is probably not interested in her” the teacher thought. So she bought a bright blue dress and gave it to the little girl. The child took the gift eagerly and rushed home. The next morning she came to school in the new blue dress, and she was very clean and tidy. She told her teacher, “My mother couldn’t believe her eyes when she saw me this morning in my new dress. My father wasn’t at home, but he’ll see me at supper tonight.” She was full of excitement. When her father saw her in her new-blue dress, he was amazed to find that he had a very pretty little girl.

Now, answer the following questions.
a) What was the teacher’s opinion about the girl’s mother?
b) Why was the teacher unhappy?
c) What kind of girl was the little girl in the. above passage?
d) Why would all people say “She was pretty under the dirt”?
e) Describe the nature of the teacher based on the story.
Answers:
a) The teacher’s opinion was that that the girl’s mother was probably not interested in the tidy appearance of her daughter.
b) Because the girl wore the same dirty dress every day and had an untidy appearance.
c) She was a nice girl. She always worked hard in school. She was always friendly and polite.
d) Naturally she was very pretty and beautiful but her face was dirty and her hair was untidy.
So everyone would say she was pretty under the dirt.
e) The teacher was kind, caring and helpful in nature. She gave good advice to the girl and also brought Tier a new dress. She was really interested in her well-being. She wanted to help her to maintain a tidy appearance.

Unseen Comprehension

1. Read the following passage carefully.

An elephant does not work mechanically, like many other animals. He never stops learn¬ing because he is always thinking. Not even really a good sheep – dog can compare with an elephant in intelligence. An elephant never forgets. His little actions reveal an intelligence which finds in prompt solutions for new difficulties. If he cannot reach with his trunk some part of his body that itches, he does not rub it against a tree; he may pick up a long stick and give Himself a good stretch with that instead. If he pulls up some grass, and it comes up by the roots with a lump of earth, he will smack it against his foot until all the earth is shaken off or, if the water is handy, he will wash it clean, before putting it into his mouth.

Now answer the following questions.
a) Why does the elephant never stop learning?
Answer:
The elephant never stops learning because he is always thinking.

b) Write at least two actions which prove that the elephant is an intelligent.
Answer:
i) If he cannot reach with his trunk some part of his body that itches, he picks up a long stick and gives himself a good stretch with that instead.
ii) If he pulls up some grass, and it comes up by .the roots with a lump of earth, he will smack it against his foot, until the earth is shaken off.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) Why does an elephant want a long stick? ( )
i) To dig out a lump of earth
ii) To smack it against his foot
iii) To rub that part of his body that itches
iv) To defend himself from the enemy
Answer:
iii) To rub that part of his body that itches

d) Why does the elephant smack some grass against his foot? ( )
i) To grind it
ii) To shake off the grass
iii) To rub his body with it
iv) To chew the roots
Answer:
ii) To shake off the grass

e) What does the elephant do before putting the grass roots with a lump of earth into his mouth ? ( )
i) He smacks it against his foot.
ii) He washes it clean.
iii) He either smacks it against the foot or washes it clean.
iv) He lifts it with his trunk and grinds it under his feet.
Answer:
iii) He either smacks it against the foot or washes it clean.

2. Read the following passage carefully.

Newton had a little dog. He called it Diamond. One day it was lying in his reading room. In the room there were heaps of papers and writings and a lighted candle on a table. Newton left the room for a few minutes and suddenly Diamond jumped upon the table. This caused the lighted candle to fall on the papers. All the papers caught fire and were burnt to ashes. On coming back, Newton saw to his surprise, what Diamond had done. But he did not strike the dog. He rather patted his head and said, ‘Diamond, you do not know-what mischief you have done.”

Now answer the following questions.
a) What were the things lying on the table?
Answer:
There were heaps of papers and writings and a burning candle on the table.

b) How did the papers catch fire?
Answer:
Newton was away for a short time. Then his pet dog suddenly jumped upon the table. This caused the lighted candle to fall on the papers and they caught fire.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) Newton called his dog ( )
i) Prince
ii) Pearl
iii) Diamond
iv) Ruby
Answer:
iii) Diamond

d) From the passage we can understand that Newton was ( )
i) kind and cool tempered
ii) cruel and short-tempered
iii) angry and ferocious
iv) Mad and vicious
Answer:
i) kind and cool tempered

e) What did Newton do when he found that his dog burnt his papers to ashes? ( )
i) He beat the dog.
ii) He killed the dog.
iii) He patted the dog.
iv) He shouted at the dog.
Answer:
iii) He patted the dog.

3. Read the following passage carefully.

Every day I walk a half-mile from my home to the tramcar lines in the morning, and from the lines to my home in the evening. The walk is pleasant. The road on either side is flanked by red and green-roofed bungalows, green lawns and gardens. The exercise is good for me and now and then I learn something from a little incident One morning, about half-way between my front gate and the tram track, I noticed two little boys one was four years old perhaps, the other five. Playing in the garden of one of the more modest cottages. The bigger of the two was a sturdy youngster, very dark, with a mat of coarse hair on his head and coal black eyes. He was definitely a little Jamaican – a strong little Jamaican. The other little fellow was smaller but also sturdy – he was white with hazel eyes and light-brown hair. Both were dressed in blue shirts and kaki pants: they wore no shoes and their feet were muddy. They were not conscious of my standing there.

Now answer the following questions.
a) He was definitely a Jamaican. How could the writer guess it?
Answer:
His dark colour and the mat of coarse hair on his head made the writer guess that he was a little Jamaican.

b) What is the exercise for the writer?
Answer:
A half a mile walk from home to the tramcar lines in the morning and from tramcar lines to the home in the evening was an exercise for the writer.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) How was the cottage where the boys were playing? ( )
i) beautiful
ii) modest
iii) modern
iv) ugly
Answer:
ii) modest

d) What are there on either side of the road? ( )
i) green lawns and gardens
ii) red and green-roofed bungalows
iii) small cottages with tild roofs
iv) big cottages with tiled roofs
Answer:
ii) red and green-roofed bungalows

e) How old was the black boy? ( )
i) six years
ii) four years
iii) five years
iv) eight years
Answer:
iii) five years

4. Read the following passage carefully.

Of all the weapons of destruction invented by science till today, the most destructive one is the Atom bomb. Scientists have succeeded in making this after years of research. These researches first started in Germany about the beginning of the Second World War. The German scientists were afterwards engaged by America, and a big laboratory covering several square miles was set up in that country. Constant researches were carried on in America very secretly and in 1944, the scientists succeeded in making the Atom bomb. During that time the Second World War was almost coming to an end. Germany was defeated. But the small country, Japan, was still waging the war against the mighty forces of England, France and Russia and America was forced to enter the war. An Atom bomb was flown from America to Japan, and was dropped on a city, in 1945, called Hiroshima, where a Japanese army was stationed. It was a great populous city. The bomb not only killed the whole army but also levelled all the houses to the ground and nothing was left but heaps of debris. Even many people living for away received severe burns by the rays that came out of the bursting bomb.

Now answer the following questions.
a) Why was the Atom bomb dropped on Hiroshima?
Answer:
to defeat Japan.

b) What was the achievement of the scientists in 1944?
Answer:
The Atom bomb was invented.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) Who invented the Atom bomb?
i) The American scientists
ii) The German scientists
iii) The Russian scientists
iv) The French scientists
Answer:
i) The American scientists

d) Where was a big laboratory set up?
i) In America
ii) In Germany
iii) In France
iv) In Japan
Answer:
i) In America

e) When was the Atom bomb dropped on Hiroshima?
i) in 1944
ii) in 1945
iii) At the beginning of the Second World War
iv) in 1946
Answer:
ii) in 1945

5. Read the following passage carefully.

Sharks have lived on earth for more than 180 million years. Although they live in all the oceans of the world, they are found mostly in sub-tropical and tropical waters. There are about 350 kinds of sharks. The largest sharks are the whale shark and the basking shark, which feed on plankton and small fish. The adult whale shark grows to about 13 metres long, while the basking shark extends a little over 8 metres. Most of the sharks are not ferocious. On the other hand, there are a number of sharks which have killed swimmers. These killer sharks include mako, the great hammerhead, lemon, blue and of course the great white shark. The great white shark is the largest and the most dangerous of all animals known to attack hu¬mans. It weighs more than 1,300 kilograms. It can swim through rough water also at a speed of 32 kilometres per hour. However, the fastest swimmer in the shark family is the blue shark, which can swim at a speed of nearly 72 kilometres per hour.

Now answer the following questions.
a) Name some killer sharks.
Answer:
Mako, the great hammerhead, lemon, blue and the great white shark are killer sharks.

b) Where are the sharks mostly found ?
Answer:
The sharks are mostly found in sub-tropical and tropical ocean waters.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) Which shark is the most ferocious shark? ( )
i) The lemon shark
ii) The great white shark
iii) The mako shark
iv) The great hammerhead shark
Answer:
ii) The great white shark

d) What is the average speed of a white shark? ( )
i) 40 kilometres per hour
ii) 32 kilometres per hour
iii) 65 kilometres per hour
iv) 72 kilometres per hour
Answer:
ii) 32 kilometres per hour

e) What is the fastest swimmer in the shark family? ( )
i) The lemon shark
ii) The blue shark
iii) The white shark
iv) The mako shark
Answer:
ii) The blue shark

Unseen (Data Interpretation)

1. Read the following table showing fat soluble vitamins, their sources and deficiency diseases.

Now answer the following questions.
a) Name some sources of carotene.
Answer:
Carrots, sweet potato and spinach

b) What is the scientific name of vitamin D?
Answer:
Calciferol

c) Which vitamin deficiency causes infertility in men?
Answer:
Vitamin E

d) The deficiency of which vitamin causes defective coagulation of blood?
Answer:
Vitamin K

e) Write the names of fat soluble vitamins.
Answer:
Vitamins A, D, E & K are fat soluble vitamins.

2. Study the following table.

List of Doctors in NRI Hospital, Guntur

Sl. No.	Name	Age	Specialisation	Native Place
1.	Ramesh	50	Cardiologist	Vijayawada
2.	Govind	52	Surgeon	Chittoor
3.	Latha	38	Gynaecologist	Guntur
4.	Mohan	44	Physician	Nellore
5.	Sindhu	28	Dentist	Ongole

Now answer the following questions.
a) Who is the youngest doctor of all?
Answer:
Sindhu is the youngest doctor of all.

b) Which doctor performs operations?
Answer:
Govind performs operations

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) Sindhu treats the problems of ………….. ( )
i) heart
ii) teeth
iii) eyes
Answer:
ii) teeth

d) Who treats the problems of women? ( )
i) Latha
ii) Sindhu
iii) Ramesh
Answer:
i) Latha

e) Which of the following statements is true according to the data given in the table? ( )
i) Two doctors come from Guntur.
ii) Govind comes from Ongole.
iii) There is only one physician in the hospital.
Answer:
iii) There is only one physician in the hospital.

3. Read the following information of Murthy’s family.

Now answer the following questions.
a) Who is Latha?
Answer:
Latha is the wife of Murthy.

b) How many grandchildren does Murthy have?
Answer:
Murthy has five grandchildren.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) Akhil is the son of ( )
i) Veena
ii) Swapna
iii) Bhagya
Answer:
iii) Bhagya

d) Aneesh and Ananya are: ( )
i) cousins
ii) brother and sister
iii) wife and husband
Answer:
ii) brother and sister

e) Which of the following is true with reference to the information given above? ( )
i) Surya has one daughter.
ii) Swapna and Veena are sisters.
iii) There are 13 members in the family.
Answer:
iii) There are 13 members in the family.

4. Study the following table given below. The table shows the average life span of some animals and birds.

Sl. No.	Name of the animal / bird	Average life span in years
1.	Asian Elephant	80
2.	African Elephant	70
3.	Dog	20
4.	Eagle	60
5.	Turtle	125
6.	Human beings	78
7.	Humming Bird	8
8.	Queen been	5

Now answer the following questions.
a) Which animal has the highest life span?
Answer:
Turtle has the highest life span.

b) What is the average life span of human beings?
Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
Answer:
78 years

c) The creatures which have less than 10 years of life span are ( )
i) Dog and eagle
ii) Asian elephant and African elephant
iii) Humming bird and queen bee
Answer:
iii) Humming bird and queen bee

d) The life span of an eagle is …… years. ( )
i) 70
ii) 80
iii) 60
Answer:
iii) 60

e) Which of the following statement is true as per the data? ( )
i) Human beings have less than that of the African elephant.
ii) The life span of the eagle is higher than that of the Asian elephant.
iii) The only animal which has more than a hundred years of life span is the turtle.
Answer:
iii) The only animal which has more than a hundred years of life span is the turtle.

5. Read the following pie chart showing the percentage distribution of the expenditure incurred in publishing a book.

Now answer the following questions.
a) What does the above pie-chart show?
Answer:
The pie chart shows the percentage of distribution of the expenditure incurred in publishing a book.

b) Of all the expenditures of publishing a book which costs maximum?
Answer:
Of all the expenditures of publishing a book the cost of the paper is maximum.

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) Which two expenditures cost the same? ( )
i) Paper cost and royalty
ii) Royalty and Binding
iii) Printing cost and Binding
Answer:
iii) Printing cost and Binding

d) The printing cost is equal to the sum of the following two expenditures ( )
i) Binding and Royalty
ii) Transport and Royalty
iii) Transport and promotion costs
Answer:
iii) Transport and promotion costs

e) Which of the following statements is true according to the pie-chart? ( )
i) Paper cost is more than the sum of printing and transport costs.
ii) Printing cost is more than the paper cost.
iii) Expenditure on transport is equal to the expenditure of promotion.
Answer:
iii) Expenditure on transport is equal to the expenditure of promotion.

6. Study the table carefully.

Percentage of sales of fruits in India in 2015

S.No.	Fruits	Percentage
1.	Apples	20%
2.	Mangoes	10%
3.	Bananas	50%
4.	Cherries	12%
5.	Guavas	8%

Now, answer Hie following questions.
a) What does the table represent?
Answer:
Percentage of sales of fruits in India in 2015

b) Which fruit do Indians eat the most?
Answer:
Bananas

Choose the correct answer from the choices given.
c) Which fruit has the least demand? ( )
i) Apples
ii) Guavas
iii) Bananas
Answer:
ii) Guavas

d) What is the % of difference between the sales of guavas and bananas? ( )
i) 8%
ii) 20%
iii) 42%
Answer:
iii) 42%

e) Choose the correct statement from the following. ( )
i) Indians do not eat guavas.
ii) Apples are not available in India.
iii) The banana is the best selling fruit.
Answer:
iii) The banana is the best selling fruit.

Section – B: Creative Writing

1. In the lesson “The Town Mouse and The Country Mouse”
You have read the country mouse visited the town mouse. The country mouse could not spend his time happily in the town. He liked nothing in the town. He thought that there was ho peace in town life. He wanted to take leave of the town mouse.
Write the possible conversation between the village mouse and the town mouse. The conversation should have at least 5 exchanges.
Answer:
The Country Mouse: I’m very much thankful for your hospitality, my dear cousin. I want to take leave of you,
The Town Mouse: Why are you in hasty ? You’ve stayed here for only two days. I wont let you leave now. Stay here for a week.
The Country Mouse: My dear cousin. Thank you for your affection. But I have to go today itself.
The Town Mouse: What will you do by going there? Stay here some more time. Many worth seeing places are there in this town. I’ll show you them all if you stay some more days.
The Country Mouse: No. I can’t stay here for a minute at least.
The Town Mouse: Why can’t you stay here? Here you can have delicious, fruit juice, lemonade, air condition and so many comforts you can enjoy.
The Country Mouse: We are habituated to live with minimum needs. We can live with out all these comforts but we can not live without peace.
The Town Mouse: Only twice or thrice we have to run and hide for a day. The rest of time we can enjoy here.
The Country Mouse: Not only that, here you have a lot of noise and pollution. But in our village it is very calm. The environment is pure and fresh. We can be healthy here.
The Town Mouse: If it is so how can all the people live in the cities and towns? I have been living here since my birth. What happened to me?
The Country Mouse: It is because of this polluted atmosphere your health has been spoiled and you are advised to stay for some time in village. I cant stay here I’m going. Take care of you. Take care of your health.
The Town Mouse: Take care. Write a letter as soon as you reach village.

2. Imagine you were the town mouse.
Write a paragraph describing your feelings about your journey in the train.
Answer:
I had a lot of inconvenience in the train journey to Mouse Country. The train moved slowly. The day was bright and sunny and soon I began to feel hot in the train. The train was dreadful. It was an ordinary train. I felt terribly hot and thirsty. I wished there’was an air-conditioned coach. I felt very uncomfortable in the train.

3. You’ve read the lesson “The Country Mouse and The Town Mouse” and you have understood the sense of the lesson. People run after the city life. The glittering lights of the city, comforts of and opportunities of city life attract all the people to the city life. But there are so many things that make the city life impossible.
So write a letter to your friend describing him how the cities have become uninhabitable.
Answer:

Tenali.
22.4.20xx.

Dear Suneeth,

I’m doing very well here. I expect you are all fine and that you are also doing very well. What lesson is going for you in English. For us the first lesson ‘The Town Mouse and The Country Mouse’ has just been completed. There is a lot of message in that lesson. The lesson teachers us how the cities and cities have become uninhabitable (un-livable) these days. From the lesson we can understand that there is a lot of noisy and pollution in cities. Lakhs of vehicles and hundreds of factories emit out a lot of poisonous gases in towns and cities. Not only that the city life is not that much peaceful because of terroristic activities and other vulner-able conditions.

But unlike these uninhabitable conditions in the cities, villages are peaceful and calm. Though there are no comforts and luxuries in villages, there is a lot of peace and serenity in villages. In villages we can enjoy fresh and clean environment. People in villages are amiable, innocent and helpful. They are sympathetic with others. Hence I too feel that the villages are habitable in all respects.

I think the lesson has been completed for you. Write your feelings about the lesson. Please convey my regards to your parents and best wishes to your sister.

Yours lovingly,
xxxxxx

Address on the Envelope:
E. Vineeth.
H.No.: 1-27-30/1,
Kothapet,
Tenali,
Guntur (dt).

4. You are the Town Mouse. On your doctor’s advise you have gone to the village to spend some days there. But you have felt the life in village is very difficult. There are no comforts and conveniences in village what you enjoy in city life. You have to go out searching for food.
Write a diary entry about your feelings of your stay in the village.
Answer:
The village life – a horrible experience

22.4.20xx (Friday),
Dear Diary,

Last week the doctor advised me to spend a week in the country because I had been suffering from cough. So I went to my cousin’s village. My cousin is an innocent man with a genuine love. 1 boarded a train. There began my difficulties. There was no an air-conditioned coach in the train. 1 felt terribly hot and thirsty. My cousin received me at the station. I asked for some cool drink either lemonade or an orange juice. But he offered me some water or coconut water. I eat delicious food such as bread and jam; different kinds of fruits, chocolate and cheese. But in the village I was offered roots and sugarcane. We had to go into the fields in search of food. There are no vehicles in the village. Village is very quiet. There are no glittering lights in the village. The life there is very slow. People are .uncivilised. At night I was asked to lie on the hard cold ground. There was no any kind of entertainment in the village – no TVs and radios. In the country the life is horrible. I was unable to adjust with it. So I returned to the town. And I have decided not to visit the village again in my life.

5. In the poem The Town Child, you have read about the feelings of a boy who lives in a town. Imagine that you were a town child. Describe your feelings as expressed in the poem.
Use the following hints to describe your feelings:
Live in a town – crowded roads – heavy traffic – buses, motors and trams – wish to have meadows – houses in a row in town – smoke is seen everywhere – do not like noise – wish to have woods very near – love the sky and the castles of clouds.
Answer:
I live in a town. The roads of our town are very much crowded. There is a heavy traffic on the roads of our town. The roads are always busy with buses, motors and trams. I wish our town had beautiful meadows and lambs.
The houses in our town are in a row. In our town smoke is seen everywhere. 1 don’t like the noise. I wish we had woods very near to our town. Sky is the only place in our town which has plenty of room. I love the sky and the castles of clouds.

6. In the poem The Country Child’ you have read about the feelings of a boy who lives in a village. Imagine that you were a country child. Describe your feelings as expressed in the poem.
Use the following hints to describe your feelings:
Live in a country – quiet streets -few children to play with – feels lonely for hours – tall trees – useful only for birds and flowers – no trams or vehicles – no twinkling streets – wishes to have streets full of wonderful colours and bright lights.
Answer:
I live in a country. The streets in our countryside are very quiet. We have only very few children to play with. I feel lonely for being alone for hours. There are tall trees in our country. They are useful only for birds and flowers. There are no trams and vehicles in our village. There are no twinkling streets in our village. 1 wish my village had full of wonderful colours and bright lights.

7. In the lesson The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse’ there is a description of town life and country life. Your school is celebrating ‘World Environment Day’. You wish to give a speech about the greatness of village life.
You can use the following hints and write a script for the speech:
Village life – peaceful – pure air – water – green trees -fruits – crops – songs of birds – innocent people – no pollution – no disturbing sounds from factories – vehicles – loud speakers – well connected to outside world – low cost of living – good for health.
Answer:
Respected teachers and my dear friends,
Good morning to everyone. Today on the occasion of ‘World Environment Day’ I would like to speak about the greatness of village life.
Village life, is very peaceful. Air is pure. Water is pure and plenty in villages. There is no water scarcity. There are green trees everywhere. We can have different types of fruits. Differ¬ent types of crops are grown in villages. People are innocent. There is no pollution in villages. There are no disturbing sounds from factories, vehicles and loudspeakers. Villages are well connected to outside world. Cost of living in villages is very low. Village life is good for health. Thank you one and all for giving me this opportunity.

8. In the lesson The Town Mouse and Country Mouse’, you have read about the feelings of the country mouse when it visited the town. There were different food . items in the cupboard.
Write a description of the Country Mouse when it saw the food items in kitchen. Include the details of kitchen cupboard.
Use the following hints to describe the feelings.
Bread and jam, fruits, chocolate, piece of lovely cheese and others.
Answer:
The house of the town mouse at the back of a kitchen cupboard was full of most delicious food. Different kinds of food items in large amounts are there in his house. There was bread and jam; different kinds of fruits : slabs of chocolate and a huge piece of lovely cheese. The town mouse proudly offered all these items to the country mouse and asked him to eat as much as he wanted. The country mouse was surprised when he saw the food items in the kitchen. Someone opened the cupboard door. The town mouse and the country mouse had to run for safety. The country mouse got tired of running and hiding. He could eat nothing.

9. In the lesson The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse’, you have read about the feelings of the Town Mouse who lives in a town. He does not get his favourite food. It is very hot outside. He does not get even drinks like lemonade. Imagine that you were a town mouse. Describe your feelings as expressed in the context.
Use the following hints to describe your feelings: very hot – no lemonade- no orange juice – only coconut water – sugar cane and roots – wish to go back to town.
Answer:
My visit to Mouse Country is a horrible experience. It was very hot outside in the village. I could not get even drinks like lemonade or orange juice. My cousin offered me some water or coconut water. I eat delicious food such as bread and jam, different kinds of fruits, chocolate and cheese. But in the village I was offered roots and sugarcane. We had to go into the fields in search of food. Village life was very quiet. There were no vehicles in the village. There were no glittering lights. There was no any kind of entertainment in the village. So I returned to the town.

10. You must have read the lesson “The New Blue Dress” It is about how one can fascinate the people about the cleanliness and hygiene. Initiated by a school teacher the people of Gates Avenue got influenced and tried to improve hygiene in their locality. On seeing them ‘clean up’ campaigns were organised in whole city to make it clean.
In our country also our Prime Minister initiated the clean India (Swatchch Bharat) programme. You must have read about it. You must have also partici¬pated in Swatchch Bharat programmes organised by your school. Write a report on Swatchch Bharat that is organised in your school.
Answer:
Swatchch Bharat in Municipal Boy’s High School, Tenali
Tenali.
21.4.20xx.
Responding to the call of the our honourable Prime Minister Swatchch Bharat is organised . by the Municipal Boys High School, Tenali. The programme was started with a small meeting. The M.R.O of Tenali presided over the meeting. The local M.L.A and the R.D.O were the chief guests. The chief guests stressed the need of cleanliness in their speeches. They taught about the need to maintain basic hygiene and sanitation in schools, in their surroundings and in all over the city. Later all the students cleaned their classrooms, whole campus and cleaned their ‘ toilets and removed the filth from the school compound. Teachers, leaders and even the M.L.A, M.R.O, and R.D.O participated in cleaning programme. M.L.A made all the students and teachers swear to keep their surroundings of school always clean. A march was organised and it was led by the M.L.A. All the children gave slogans “Cleanliness is next to godliness”, “Health is wealth” and “Cleanliness brings dignity to people, and the country”’ The programme ended with all the children forming a human chain at Sivaji Chowk. The programme ended with the singing of the national anthem Jana Gana Mana”.

11. You are going to celebrate your birthday next Saturday You want to celebrate it in grandscale at your house. 1-7-2/A; Malladivari Street; Nazer pet, Tenali.
Write a letter to your friend inviting him to the celebration.
Answer:

Tenali.
25. 4. 20xx.

Hello Prasanna,
I think this letter finds all of you in best of health and spirits. Ail of us are doing fine here. It has been a very long time since we met or write to each other. So I thought of penning down a few lines to check things with you. In addition to that I would like to invite you for my birthday celebrations.
I am going to celebrate my 12th birthday on the Friday next. I want to celebrate it in grandscale inviting all the friends and relatives. My parents planned to celebrate it at my home itself. I shall be very pleased if you attend my birthday party along with your parents and your little brother, Chintu. On the pretext of my birthday we can meet each other and enjoy ourselves of the functions.
Convey my regards to your parents and my wishes to your brother.

Yours lovingly,
xxxxxx

Address on the Envelope :
To
M. Kiran,
S/O. RS.R. Anjaneyulu,
1-27-30/1,
Near Balaji Temple,
Kothapet,
Vijayawada.

3. ‘Ammaku Vandanam’ programme was recently celebrated in your school. All the mothers of the school students were invited to the school. Your village Sarpanch also attended the programme. Mothers were felicitated by the students. The students honoured their mothers with flowers, garlands and shawls. They took selfies and group photos with their mothers and friends. All the teachers participated in the programme. The whole programme was very colourful.
Now, write a letter to your friend describing the programme ‘Ammaku Vandanam’ programme celebrated in your school.
Answer:

Tenali.
12-3-xx.

Dear friend,
We are all fine here. 1 hope the same with yop. I am doing very well here. I hope you are , also doing well there. In this letter I would like to describe you about ‘Ammaku Vandanam” programme celebreated in our school.
Last Friday ‘Ammaku Vandanam’ programme was celebrated in our school. All the mothers of the school students were invited to the school. Our village Sarpanch also attended the programme. Mothers were felicitated by the students. The students honoured their mothers by offering flowers, garlands and shawls. We took selfies and group photos with our mothers and friends. All the teachers participated in the programme. The whole programme was very colourful. We were all very happy for participating in the programme. With this programme we were able to thank our mothers by worshipping them.
Convey my regards to your parents and my wishes to your little sister. In your next letter describe how Ammaku Vandanam was celebrated in your school.

Yours lovingly,
xxxx

Addres on the Envelope:
To
xxxxxxx
S/o Rama Rao, K.
H.No: 7-95/A,
Church Street,
Ambedkar Nagar,
Vemuru.
Guntur (Dist).

Write a story using the following hints.
a) A crow – lives on a tree – felt like drinking water – found a pot – went to the pot – level of water low – crow not able to reach – crow picked small stones – dropped one by one – slowly – the level came up – the crow drank water.
Answer:
It was a very hot day. The sun was shining hot. A crow who lived on a tree was thirsty. It searched for water here and there. But it could not find water anywhere. She found a pot under a tree. There was very little water in it. Its beak could not reach the water. It found some small stones nearby. The crow brought them and dropped them into the pot one by one. The water level raised slowly. It drank water to its full and flew away.

b) A Farmer – lives in a village – happy – with wife and a little child – domesticates a mangoose – faithful – boy – plays with it – farmer’s wife – goes to fetch water – asks mangoose to take care – boy falls asleep – a snake enters – creeps towards the boy – mangoose – springs on the snake – kills it – mother – comes back – understands – what has happened – very happy – pats the mangoose thankfully.
Answer:
Once there lived a farmer in a village. He lived happily with his wife and a little child. He domesticated a mangoose. It was a very faithful animal. The little boy used to play with the mangoose.
One day the farmer’s wife went away to fetch water. The boy was playing with the mangoose. Mother asked the mangoose to take care of the boy. After a while the boy fell asleep. The mangoose was watching the boy. Then a snake entered the house. It was creeping towards the little boy. At once the mangoose sprang on the snake and killed it. Mother came back after a while. She understood what had happened. She was very happy because the mangoose , saved the boy from the danger. She patted the mangoose thankfully.

c) Two boys – go to the zoo – watch the animals – enjoy themselves – delighted – the playing monkeys – frighten – the tiger roar – huge elephant – feel thirsty – drink water – steps forward
– boys – mischievous – tease elephant – drink to its full – zoo keeper – brings water – elephant drinks – blows water – teasing boys – become wet and cry – not to tease or harm.
Answer:
Two boys went to the zc|p on a Sunday. They enjoyed themselves by watching all the animals at a place. They were very much delighted to see the playing monkeys. They were a little frightened when the tiger roared in the cage. Then they saw the huge elephant. They felt thirsty and began to drink water. The elephant stepped forward as if it too wanted to drink water. They turned to be mischievous and teased the elephant. The zoo keeper brought some water in a. bucket. The elephant drank to its full. At once the elephant blew out water on the teasing boys. They became wet and they began to cry.
So we should not tease or harm the animals for fun.

d) Once – a hunter – good at hunting – places net – catch birds – doves caught in the net – every dove – tries to free – in vain – crow sees – crow – a symbol of unity – crow – flies down – advises – to make a united effort – fly away – carry the net with them.
Answer:
Once there was a hunter. He was good at hunting birds. One day as usual, he placed a net for catching birds. After some time a group of doves were caught in the net. Every dove tried to free himself but in vain. A crow saw this. Crow was a symbol of unity. Unlike the dogs, the crows are always united. The crow then flew-down to the doves and advised them to make a united effort and fly away. They flew away carrying the net with him.
Moral: Unity is strength.

5. Look at the following details and write a biographical sketch of M.S. Dhoni.
Name: Mahendra Sìngh Dhoni.
Birth on: 7th July 1981, Ranchi, Bihar.
Education: DAV, Jawthar Vìdya Mandir.
Other Interests: Football and badminton.
Achievements: ICC, ODI Player of the Year award in 2008 and 2009; Rajiv Gandhi Khel Rama Award: Padma Sri -2009; Padma Bhushan -2018.
Answer:
Mahendra Singh Dhoni is the famous Indian cricketer. He was born on 7th July 1981 at Ranchi, Bihar. He had his education in DAV, Jawahar Vidya Mandir. His other interests are football and badminton. There are so many achievements on his name. He was declared ODI Player of the Year award in 2008 and 2009 by ICC. He was given Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award. He was honoured with Padma Sri in 2009 and Padma Bhushan in 2018.

Vocabulary

Read the following paragraph and write the synonyms of the underlined words choosing the words from the words given in the box.

1. celebration, village, lovingly, sick, a day of rest, friendly

Dear cousin,
I have been ill (a) with a cough and my doctor feels I need a holiday (b). He has asked me to spend a week in the countryside (c). May I stay with you? Please give me an early reply.
With warm regards,

Yours affectionately (d)
Town Mouse

Answer:
a) sick
b) a day of rest
c) village
d) lovingly

2. very badly, terrible, protested, moved, moaned, drank

However there was something he could do about it. So, he grumbled (a) to himself while the train chugged (b) slowly into the country. The country mouse was waiting at the station. “Oh, cousin”, the town mouse said as soon as he got off the train.” The train was dreadful (c), I feel terribly (d) hot and thirsty. I hope you have something ice-cold for me to drink at home”
Answer:
a) protested
b) moved
c) terrible
d) very badly

3. uncooked, soft, fear, surprised, young, worried

“Coconut water ?” asked the town mouse in horror, (a) “Don’t you have any orange juice or lemonade ?”
“I’m afraid not”, replied his cousin. “But I found a very nice piece of root today and a tender (b) bit of sugar-cane. I’m sure you will enjoy that.”
“Root ? Sugar-cane ? ” the town mouse exclaimed (c).
“But I don’t eat raw (d) food like that.”
Answer:
a) fear
b) soft
c) surprised
d) uncooked

4. almirah, fresh, tasty, safe, a lot of, pain

But the country mouse did not like it at all. “That the noise has made my head ache. (a)”he said. “Could I have some water to drink?” “Why only water?” said the town mouse. “Look at what there is for you – ice cold lemonade, orange juice … which one do you want?”
“Just some water,” answered the country mouse. “Some water and a little bit of food.”
“I have plenty (b) of food, cousin,” said the town mouse proudly. “You can eat as much as you like.”
Sure enough, the house of the town mouse at the back of a kitchen cupboard (c) was full of most delicious (d) food.
Answer:
a) pain
b) a lot of
c) almirah
d) tasty

5. beautiful, quiet, completely, enjoyable, very big, happy

There was bread and jam, different kinds of fruits, slabs of chocolate and a huge (a) piece of lovely (b) cheese.
“Eat, cousin, eat,” said the town mouse. But just then, there was a sound like a thunder and the town mouse shouted. “Run, cousin, run, run.”
The town mouse pushed the country mouse out through a hole in the back of the cupboard. The country mouse felt his heart beating very fast, “But what is it?” he asked.
“Sssh….” whispered the town mouse. “Wait”.
When everything was silent (c) again, the town mouse crept out of the hole. He was quite (d) cheerful (e) again.
Answer:
a) very big
b) enjoyable
c) quiet
d) completely
e) happy

6. a twisted piece of metal; unattractive ; a street; beautiful, impure ; the season between winter and summer

When spring (a) came to the city of Cleveland in 1909, it did not change Gates Avenue (b). People who lived on the pretty (c) streets near Gates Avenue were making gardens and painting their houses. But Gates Avenue continued to look dirty and ugly (d).
Answer:
a) the season between winter and summer
b) street
c) beautiful
d) unattractive

7. worried ; dirty ; clean ; bad; sad; mannerly

Her teacher was very unhappy, (a) The little girl was so nice! (b) She always worked hard in school; she was always friendly and polite (c). Her face was dirty and her hair was untidy (d), but anyone could see that she was pretty under the dirt.
Answer:
a) sad
b)good
c) mannerly
d) dirty

8. surprised, worried; thrill, neat and clean, shy, sad

The next morning she came to school in the new blue dress, and she was very clean and tidy (a). She told her teacher, “My mother couldn’t believe her eyes when she saw me this morning in my new dress. My father wasn’t at home, but he’ll see me at supper tonight.” She was full of excitement (b).
When her father saw her in her new blue dress, he was amazed (c) to find that he had a very pretty little girl. When the family ate supper, he was even more amazed to see a cloth on the kitchen table, The family had never used a table cloth before. “We’re going to begin to be tidier here,” his wife said. “I’m ashamed (d) to be dirty when our daughter is so clean.”
Answer:
a) neat and clean
b) thrill
c) surprised
d)shy

9. have the right to ; drive ; respectable ; establish ; movement; needed

“People who are trying so hard to make decent (a) homes here deserve (b) help,” the minister thought. He asked some important citizens in the city to help them.
When people in other citizens heard the story of Gates Avenue, they began to organise (c) their own clean up campaigns (d).
Answer:
a) respectable
b) have the right to
c) established
d) drive

Read the following paragraph and write the antonyms of the underlined words.

1. I have been ill (a) with a cough and my doctor feels I need a holiday, (b) He has asked me to spend a week in the countryside (c). May I stay with you ? Please give me an early (d) reply.
Answer:
a) well
b) working day
c) city
d) late

2. Receiving the invitation from the country mouse, the town mouse packed his bags and caught the next train to the countryside. The day was bright (a) and sunny and soon the town mouse began (b) to feel hot (c) in the train.
“I wish there was an air-conditioned coach,” he said to himself. “I feel very uncomfortable (d) here”.
Answer:
a) dull
b) finished
c) cold
d) comfortable

3. “Coconut water?” asked the town mouse in horror, (a) “Don’t you have any orange juice or lemonade?”
“I am afraid not,” replied his cousin. “But I found a very nice (b) piece of root today and a tender (c) bit of sugar-cane. I’m sure you will enjoy (d) that.”
Answer:
a) pleasure
b) bad
c) tough
d) hate

4. “As the town mouse lay down on the hard (a), cold (b) ground, he suddenly (c) thought of something. “Cousin,” he called out.
“Yes, what is it?” the country mouse asked.
“Why is it so quiet (d) here? Where are all the cars and lorries? Where are the radios and the televisions? Where are all the lights?”
Answer:
a) soft
b) hot
c) gradually
d) noisy

5. “Oh! Is it? The country is a strange (a) place,” said the town mouse. But he said to himself, “I don’t think I like (b) this place.”
Next (c) morning, the town mouse found that there was no breakfast ready. His cousin told him that they had to go to the nearby (d) farm to search for food.
Answer:
a) familiar
b) dislike
c) previous
d) far away

6. I hope (a) you are well. I am worried about you. I would like to visit you and make sure (b) you are alright (c) with love (d).
Answer:
a) despair
b) doubtful
c) sick
d) hatred

7. A few days later, the country mouse arrived (a) in the town. He was surprised (b) by the noise (c) and the lights.
“Why are there lights even in the middle of the night?” he asked.
“This is the town,” his cousin replied. “Here, there are lights even in the middle of the day.”
“And what is this dreadful (d) noise that never stops?” asked the country mouse.
Answer:
a) departed
b) unsurprised
c) silence
d) pleasant

8. “I have plenty (a) of food, cousin,” said the town mouse proudly, (b) “You can eat as much as you like.”
Sure enough, the house of the town mouse at the back of a kitchen cupboard was full of most delicious (c) food.
There was bread and jam, different kinds of fruits, slabs of chocolate and a huge (d) piece of lovely cheese.
Answer:
a) scarcity
b) modestly
c) distasteful
d) tiny

9. When everything was silent (a) again, the town mouse crept out of the hole. He was quite cheerful (b) again.
“Come out now, cousin,” he said. “That was only somebody opening (c) the cupboard door. We are safe (d) now.”
Answer:
a) noisy
b) gloomy
c) closing
d) unsafe

Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given in brackets.

1. ——– (Receive/Receiving) (a) the invitation from the country mouse, the town mouse packed his bags and caught the next train to the ——– (countryside/country) (b). The day was bright and ——– (sun/sunny) (c) and soon the town mouse began to feel ——– (hot/ heat) (d) in the train.
Answer:
a) Receiving
b) countryside
c) sunny
d) hot

2. However, there was nothing he could do about it so, he grumbled to himself while the train chugged ——– (slowly/slow) (a) into the country. The country mouse was waiting at the station.
“Oh, cousin”, the town mouse said as soon as he got off the train. ‘The train was ——– (dread/dreadful) (b), I feel ——– (terrible/terribly) (c) hot and thirsty. I hope you have something ice-cold for me to ——– (drinking/drink) (d) at home.
Answer:
a) slowly
b) dreadful
c) terribly
d) drink

3. The town mouse pushed the country mouse out through a hole in the back of the cupboard. The country mouse felt his heart ——– (beat/beating) (a) very fast. “But what is it?” he asked.
“Sssh ” whispered the town mouse, “wait”.
When everything was ——– (silently/silent) (b) again, the twon mouse crept out of the hole. He was quite ——– (cheerful/cheer) (c) again.
“Come out now, cousin” he said,” That was only some body ——– (open/opening) (d) the cup board door. We are safe now.
Answer:
a) beating
b) silent
c) cheerful
d) opening

4. But they were not safe for very long. Twice more, they had to ——– (running/run) (a) for ——– (safety/safe) (b) when somebody opened the cupboard door.
The country mouse was ——– (tire/tired) (c) of running and ——– (hide/hiding) (d).
Answer:
a) run
b) safety
c) tired
d) hiding

5. When people in other places heard the story of Gates Avenue, they began to ——– (organization/organize) (a) their own ——– (cleanly/clean) (b) up campaigns. Since 1913, more than seven thousand towns and cities have organised campaigns for ——– (paint/painting) (c) and repairing homes and making better lives for the people who ——– (live/lived) (d) in them.
Answer:
a) organise
b) clean
c) painting
d) live

6. The town mouse pushed the country mouse out through a ——– (whole / hole) (a) in the back of the cupboard. The country mouse felt his heart beating very fast. “But what is it?” he asked “Sssh ….” whispered the town mouse.” ——– (Weight/Wait) (b).
Answer:
a) hole
b) Wait

Complete the following words using ai, ae, ea, ee, ei, ie,io, oi, oo, ou, ui.

1. The town (a) m _ _ se and the country mouse were (b) c _ _ sins.
2. (a) Pl _ _ se give me an (b) _ _ rly reply.
3. The day was bright and sunny and (a) s _ _ n the town mouse began to feel hot in the (b) tr _ _ n.
4. “I wish there was an (a) air-condit _ _ ned (b) c _ _ ch.” I (c) f _ _ l very uncomfortable here.
5. “I (a) f _ _ nd a very nice piece of (b) r _ _ t today.”
6. “(a) R _ _ t ? Sugarcane ?” the town mouse (b) excl _ _ med.
7. The country mouse was (a) w _ _ ting at the (b) stat _ _ n.
8. “I don’t (a) _ _ t raw (b) f _ _ d like that.”
9. “Do I have to (a) sl _ _ p on the gr _ _ nd ?”
10. “Why is it so (a) q _ _ et here ? Where are all the cars and (b) lorr _ _ s ?”
11. “Where are the (a) rad _ _ s and the (b) televis _ _ ns ?”
12. His cousin told him that they had to go to the (a) n _ _ rby farm to (b) s _ _ rch for food.
13. “And what is this (a) dr _ _ dful (b) n _ _ se that never stops ?”
14. The town mouse (a) rec _ _ ved the letter and (b) r _ _ d it.
15. He was (a) q _ _ te (b) ch _ _ rful again.
16. They had to run for safety when somebody opened the (a) cupb_ _ rd (b) d _ _ r.
Answer:
1. a) mouse b) cousins
2. a) please b) early
3. a) soon b) train
4. a) air-conditioned b)coach c) feel
5. a) found b) root
6. a) Root b) exclaimed
7. a) waiting b) station
8. a) eat b) food
9. a) sleep b) ground
10. a) quiet b) lorries
11. a) radios b) televisions
12. a) nearby b) search
13. a) dread ful b) noise
14. a) received b) read
15. a) quite b) cheerful
16. a) cupboard b) door

b) Complete the words with the correct suffixes given in brackets.

1. (a) Receiv ——–(eing/ing) the (b) invita ——– (tion/ssion) from the country mouse, the town mouse left for the countryside.
2. (a) I feel very uncomfort ——– (ible/able) here.
(b) Sometimes it is quiet ——– (er/or) than today.
3. “The train was (a) dread ——– (full/ful), I feel terribly hot and (b) thirst ——– (y/ty).”
4. “I have (a) sudden ——– (ly/lly) remembered that I have (b) forgo ——– (ten/tten) something.
5. (a) He sent a tele ——– (grame/gram) to the country mouse.
(b) “I have plenty of food, cousin,” said the town mouse proud ——– (ley/ly).”
6. (a) There was bread and jam, differ ——– (ent/ant) kinds of fruits, etc.
(b) The country mouse felt his heart beat ——– (ting/ing) very fast.
7. (a) He was quite cheer ——– (full/ful) again.
(b)They had to run for safe ——– (ty/ly).
Answer:
1. a) Receiving b) invitation
2. a) uncomfortable b) quieter
3. a) dreadful b) thirsty
4. a) suddenly b) forgotten
5. a) telegram b) proudly
6. a) different b) beating
7. a) cheerful b) safety

c) Find the wrongly spelt word and write the correct spelling.

a) i) countriside; cousin; cupboard; affectionate
ii) recieve; believe; invitation; peace
b) i) condition; permition; invitation; passion
ii) dreadfull; houseful; full; goodwill
c) i) surpraise; suddenly; aeroplane; whispered,
ii) lemonade ; thunder; answer; delicous
d) i) traffic; country; cusin; mouse
ii) cheerfull; mouthful; plateful; beautiful
e) i) noice; voice ; piece ; peace
ii) vigit; vigil; rigid ; begin
iii) lemonade; gremble; traffic; receive
Answer:
a) i) countryside
ii) receive
b) i) permission
ii) dreadful
c) i) surprise
ii) delicious
d) i) cousin
ii) cheerful
e) i) noise
ii) visit
iii) grumble

I. Put the following words under correct headings.

A.

Answer:

Places	Things
1)   town 2)   village 3)   station 4)    mouse hole	1)  bag 2)  cupboard 3)  radio 4)  television

B.

Answer:

Drinks	Food
1)   water 2)   coconut water 3)    lemonade 4)   juice	1)  bread 2)  fruits 3)  chocolate 4)  cheese

C.

Answer:

Country food	Town food
1)   root 2)   sugarcane 3)    coconut water 4)   nuts	1)  cheese 2)  bread 3)  chocolate 4)  jam

D.

Answer:

Things related	Thing related
to country life	to city life
1) peace	1) radios
2) quiet	2) noise
3) silent	3) traffic
4) safety	4) lights

E.

Answer:

Things related to transmit information	Things related to travel
1) radio	1) cars
2) letter	2) buses
3) telegram	3) lorries
,4) television	4) trains

F.

Answer:

Adjectives	Adverbs
1)   lovely 2)   huge 3)   dreadful 4)   bright	1) proudly 2)  suddenly 3)  terribly 4)  affectionately

II. Choose one word from each set, in any order, to make any two compound nouns.
One is done for you.

Set – A                                         Set – B
(birth, sea, dragon, worm) (fly, day, earth, gull) Ex: birthday
Choose one word from each set to make compound noun.
Answer:
1. birthday 2. seagull 3. dragonfly 4. earthworm

I. Write meaningful sentences using the words given below.

a) i) often:
ii) need:
b) i) early:
ii) soon:
c) i) wish:
ii) however:
d) i) terribly:
ii) nearby:
e) i) later:
ii) plenty:
f) i) lovely:
ii) quite:
g) i) much:
ii) each other:
h) i) probably:
ii) still:
Answer:
a) i) He often goes to pictures.
ii) You need not come to school tomorrow.
b) i) He is in his early twenties.
ii) We’ll be home very soon.
c) i) I wish I had a car.
ii) However you look at it it’s going to cost a lot.
d) i) I was terribly upset when I heard that news.
ii) My uncle works in a nearby town.
e) i) See you later.
ii) I have a plenty of cheese. Do you want to have some?
f) i) She has a lovely voice.
ii) He plays quite well.
g) i) I don’t have much money with me.
ii) They looked each other and laughed.
h) i) Probably you are right.
ii) Do you still live at the same address?

II. Write the other forms of the following adjectives.

1.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) small	smaller	smallest
ii) bright	brighter	brightest

2.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) rich	richer	richest
ii) clever	cleverer	cleverest

3.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) useful	more useful	most useful
ii) tall	taller	tallest

4.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) beautiful	more beautiful	most beautiful
ii) interested	more interested	most interested

5.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) doubtful	more doubtful	most doubtful
ii) precious	more precious	most precious

6.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) delicious	more delicious	most delicious
ii) dreadful	more dreadful	most dreadful

7.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) cheerful	more cheerful	most cheerful
ii) much	more	most

8.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) good	better	best
ii) bad	worse	worst

9.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
i) far	farther	farthest
ii) little	less	least

III. Fill in the blanks with appropriate phrases.

(crushed to death, nest of, homes of, swarm of, herd of)
Long time ago there lived a ——– (i) mice under a tree peacefully. One day a ——– (ii) of elephants in search of water came that way and destroyed the ——– (iii) of the rats and many of them were ——– (iv).
Answer:
i) nest of
ii) herd
iii) homes
iv) crushed to death

Grammar

Edit the following passage correcting the underlined parts.

1. Speech is a great blessing, and (a) it can also be an (b) great – curse, for it helped (c) us to make our intentions and desires knowing (d) to our friends.
2. Once upon a time there lived a king in central India. He is (a) handsome and (b) very vain. He looked after (c) himself constantly in mirrors, in pools of water even in other people’s eyes when they spoke to him.
“I am the handsomest (d) king on earth” he said to his courtiers.
3. The green cells of leaves are wonderful little laboratories, there (a) all the starch in the world is produced. Since starch forms a (b) important part of the food of men and animals, their life depend (c) on the work done by the green cells of plants. Thus trees are such great friends to (d) man.
4. Deforestation in a (a) Himalayas have become (b) major ecological problem. Its results are felt not only in the hill regions and (c) hundreds of miles downstream in the Ganges plain, who (d) feeds and waters about one – third of India’s 840 million people.
5. Fourteen hundred years ago, a great traveller of (a) China has come (b) to India in search of wisdom or (c) knowledge. He spent many years in India. Huen Tsang was given the title “Master of Law” of a (d) Buddha.
6. Sardar Vallabhai Patel know (a) as “An (b) Iron Man of India”. He was, no doubt, the (c) iron man in the sense that one could rely for (d) him for strict and efficient administration.
Answer:
1. a) but
b) a
c) helps
d) known

2. a) was
b) but
c) at
d) most handsome

3. a) where
b) an
c) depends
d) of

4. a) the
b) has become
c) but
d) which

5. a) from
b) came
c) and
d) the

6. a) is known
b) The
c) an
d) on

Grammar

Complete the passage choosing the right words from those given below. Each blank in numbered and for each blank four choices (A), (B), (C) and (D) in the blanks.

1. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam ——– (1) born in ——– (2) middle-class Tamil family in the island town ——– (3) Rameswaram. He was a short boy with rather ordinary looks ——– (4) his parents were tall and handsome. His father was neither highly educated nor very rich.
1. A) is         B) was             C) being           D) were
2. A) one     B) the              C) a                  D) an
3. A) of        B) near            C) by                D) off
4. A) and     B) if                 C) though        D) but
Answer:
1 – B
2 – C
3 – A
4 – D

2. Ramesh ——– (1) Mohan went ——– (2) the cinema on Saturday ——– (3) was a long queue. It was a cold evening and they ——– (4) to stand in the queue for nearly an hour.
1. A) or         B) and         C) but        D) so
2. A) to         B) for           C) by         D) into
3. A) Their    B) There       C) They     D) The
4. A) have     B) had         C) has        D) will Nave
Answer:
1 – B
2 – A
3 – B
4 – B

3. Lai Bahadur Shastri ——– (1) born on 2nd October, 1904 ——– (2) Mogul Sarai ——– (3) Varanasi. His father was ——– (4) ordinary teacher and died when he was below two years of age.
1. A) is         B) was           C) are       D) were
2. A) at        B) in              C) from     D) on
3. A) of        B) from         C) in          D) at
4. A) the      B) an             C) a           D) one
Answer:
1 – B
2 – A
3 – C
4 – B

4. One day a Brahmin was walking ——– (1) a forest ——– (2) suddenly he ——– (3) someone crying out for help. He ——– (4) in the direction of the sound and came upon a well that was dried up.
1. A) by          B) through          C) in           D) from
2. A) or           B) through          C) when     D) but
3. A) heard     B) hear                C) hears     D) hearing
4. A) go          B) went               C) goes      D) going
Answer:
1 – B
2 – C
3 – A
4 – B

5. There ——– (1) two very long rivers in the United States of America. They are the Missouri ——– (2) is roughly 3,000 kms. long, and the Mississippi, which is ——– (3) 2,500 kms long. Along the way the Missouri ——–(4) the Mississippi and the two then flow together as one river.
1. A) is             B) are        C) was        D) were
2. A) which      B) who      C) that        D) what
3. A) nearly      B) about   C) above     D) over
4. A) joined      B) join      C) joins       D) joining
Answer:
1 – B
2 – A
3 – B
4 – C

A. Write the other forms of the following verbs.

1.

Present tense	Past tense
i) catch	i) caught
ii) begin	ii) began

2.

Present tense	Past tense
i) feel	i) felt
ii) is	ii) was

3.

Present tense	Past tense
i) have	i) had
ii) at	ii) ate

4.

Present tense	Past tense
i) enjoy	i) enjoyed
ii) do	ii) did

5.

Present tense	Past tense
i) show	i) showed
ii) know	ii) knew

6.

Present tense	Past tense
i) sleep	i) slept
ii) think	ii) thought

7.

Present tense	Past tense
i) find	i) found
ii) forget	ii) forgot

8.

Present tense	Pest tense
i) write	i) wrote
ii) send	i) sent

9.

Present tense
i) say	i) said
ii) make	ii) made

10.

Present tense	Past tense
i) creep	i) crept
ii) go	ii) went

B. Choose the right answers.

Read the following sentences and say what they mean. Choose the right answer from the choices given.

1. May I come in, Sir? ( )
(a) giving permission
(b) taking permission
(c) expressing possibility
Answer:
(b) taking permission

2. It may rain today. ( )
a) Expressing possibility
b) Making an offer
c) Giving permission
Answer:
a) Expressing possibility

3. Sindhu may come to India next month. ( )
(a) giving permission
(b) taking permission
(c) expressing possibility
Answer:
(c) expressing possibility

4. You may use my cell phone if you need. ( )
(a) giving permission
(b) taking permission
(c) expressing possibility
Answer:
(a) giving permission

5. Can I take leave of you? ( )
(a) taking permission in a formal way
(b) taking permission in an informal way
(c) expressing possibility
Answer:
(b) taking permission in an informal way

6. The dog may attack you if you run. ( )
(a) giving permission
(b) taking permission
(c) expressing possibility
Answer:
(c) expressing possibility

7. You may use my camera if you need, ( )
a) taking permission
b) giving permission
c) expressing possibility
Answer:
b) giving permission

8. It may rain this evening. ( )
a) asking for help
b) expressing inability
c) expressing possibility
Answer:
c) expressing possibility

9. May I leave the class now? ( )
a) taking permission in a formal way
b) taking permission in an informal way
c) expressing ability
Answer:
a) taking permission in a formal way

10. Tomorrow may be a holiday on account of heavy rains. ( )
a) giving permission
b) taking permission
c) expressing possibility
Answer:
c) expressing possibility

11. Sheela can speak Tamil. ( )
a) taking permission in a formal way
b) taking permission in an informal way
c) expressing ability
Answer:
c) expressing ability

2) i) Rewrite the following sentences as directed.

1. The boy seems to cry if you do not buy an ice-cream for him. (Express this using ‘may’.)
2. You can use my camera if you need. (Give permission using ‘may’.)
3. He seems to be a nice man. (Express this possibility using‘may’.)
4. You want to leave the class now. (Take permission using ‘may’.)
5. Raju wants to use your water bottle. (Give permission using‘may’.)
Answer:
1. The boy may cry if you do not buy an ice cream.
2. You may use my camera.
3. He may be a nice man.
4. May I leave the class now ?
5. Raju may use your water bottle.

ii) Read the following sentences. Rewrite them in a sentence using ‘may’.
6. You can use my pen if needed.
7. Somu will come to India next month.
Answer:
6. You may use my pen.
7. Somu may come to India next month.

C. Fill in the blanks with a, an or the.

Exercise – 1

1. Do you take ——– sugar in ——–, coffee?
1) a, none
2) an, the
3) the, a
4) none

2. He had ——– alibi.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

3. You will get ——– shock if you touch the wire.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

4. He is ——– vegetarian. You won’t get ——– meat at his house.
1) a, an
2) an, the
3) a, none
4) the, none

5. I have ——– hour and ——– half for lunch.
1) a, an
2) an, the
3) the, none
4) an, a

6. ——– Nile is a long river.
1) A
2) An
3) The
4) None

7. He has been suffering for ——– last two days.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

8. We must attend up on ——– sick.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. ——– knowledge of Macaulay is good.
1) A
2) An
3) The
4) None

10. ——– writing of that man is good.
1) A
2) An
3) The
4) None
Answers:
1) 1
2) 2
3) 1
4) 3
5) 4
6) 3
7) 3
8) 3
9) 3
10) 3

Exercise – 2

1. ——– man is ——– reasoning animal.
1) A, an
2) An, the
3) The, none
4) None, a

2. I have ——– little money left.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

3. I will pay you ——– hundred in ——– week.
1) a, a
2) an, the
3) the, the
4) the, a

4. I had ——– amazing experience last night.
l)a
2) an
3) the
4) none

5. You mean you had ——– nightmare.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

6. This is ——– only medicine available.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

7. He called me from ——– distance.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

8. I am in ——– hurry.
l) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. He goes for ——– walk.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

10. They went to ——– church to see its architecture
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none
Answers:
1) 4
2) 1
3) 1
4) 2
5) 1
6) 3
7) 1
8) 1
9) 1
10) 3

Exercise – 3

1. I see your house is built of ——– wood.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

2. I want ——– assistant with ——–knowledge of French.
1) a, an
2) an, the
3) a, the
4) an, none

3. It is time you had ——– holiday. You haven’t had ——– day off for ——– month.
1) a, a, a
2) an, an, an
3) the, a, an
4) the, the, the

4. He broke ——– leg in skying accident.
1) a, the
2) an, the
3) the,a
4) none

5. I am having ——– few friends.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

6. Many ——– fool thinks he is wise.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

7. My brother is ——– engineer.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

8. He came by ——– train which was derailed.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. ——– gold chain is mine.
1) A
2) An
3) The
4) None

10. Like many women she loves ——– tea parties and ——–.
1) a, an
2) an, the
3) the, a
4) none, none
Answers:
1) 4
2) 2
3) 1
4) 1
5) 1
6) 1
7) 2
8) 3
9) 3
10) 4

Exercise – 4

1. Few people know that there is ——– secret.
1) A, an
2) An, the
3) A, a
4) The, the

2. ——– Mr. John called while you were out.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

3. I have ——– headache and ——– sore throat.
1) a, a
2) an, a
3) the, a
4) none, a

4. I hope you have ——– lovely time.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

5. I only have ——– half ——– hour barley.
1) a, an
2) an, none
3) a, none
4) none, an

6. There was ——– knock on ——– door.
1) a, a
2) an, the
3) a, the
4) the, a

7. He was ——– employee of ——– gas company.
1) a, an
2) an, the
3) the, an
4) none

8. I had ——– suspicion that he wasn’t speaking.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. There was ——– leak in ——– gas pipe.
1) a, the
2) an, the
3) the, a
4) none

10. I said in ——– surprise.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none
Answers:
1) 3
2) 1
3) 1
4) 1
5) 1
6) 3
7) 2
8) 1
9) 1
10) 1

Exercise – 5

1. Then you are not ——– worker, you are ——– capitalist.
1) a, a
2) an, a
3) the, a
4) a, the

2. Let us ask him for ——– advice.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

3. ——– travel agent would give you ——– Information.
1) A, none
2) An, none
3) The, none
4) None, a

4. I can write ——– cheque for fifty five ——– and ——– half pence.
1) a, none, a
2) an, none, an
3) a, none, the
4) none, a, a

5. Her eldest bro is at ——– college.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

6. I can’t remember ——– date of ——– storm.
1) a, a
2) an, an
3) the, the
4) a, the

7. ——– apples are sold by ——– pound.
1) A, none
2) An, a
3) A, an
4) None, a

8. It is quite ——– nice house.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. We are going to tea with ——– Smiths today.
1) a, none
2) none, the
3) the, none
4) an, none

10. He got ——– job in ——– south.
1) a, the
2) an, the
3) the, a
4)none
Answers:
1) 1
2) 4
3) 3
4) 1
5) 1
6) 3
7) 4
8) 1
9) 2
10) 1

Exercise – 6

1. ——– book you want is out of print.
1) A
2) An
3) The
4) None

2. At last ——– warrior in him was aroused.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

3. This is ——– best book.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

4. He was ——– first man to arrive.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

5. He can play ——– flute.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

6. I first met him ——– year ago.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

7. Yesterday ——– European called at my office.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

8. The guide knows ——– way.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. Ceylon is ——– island.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

10. Let us discuss ——– matter.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none
Answers:
1) 3
2) 3
3) 3
4) 3
5) 3
6) 1
7) 1
8) 3
9) 2
10) 3

Exercise – 7

1. ——– poor are always with us.
1) A
2) An
3) The
4) None

2. ——– more merrier.
1) The, a
2) A, the
3) The, the
4) None, the

3. Twelve inches make ——– foot.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

4. Not ——– word was said.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

5 ——– word to wise is sufficient.
1) A, the
2) The, a
3) A, a
4) The, the

6. Sanskrit is ——– difficult language.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

7. You are ——– fool to say that.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

8. ——– French defeated ——– Germans .
1) A, a
2) An, a
3) The, the
4) None, none

9. Which is ——– longest river in India?
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

10. He has come without ——– umbrella.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none
Answers:
1) 3
2) 3
3) 1
4) 1
5) 1
6) 1
7) 1
8) 3
9) 3
10) 2

Exercise – 8

1. ——– more they get more they want.
1) A, a
2) The, the
3) A, the
4) The, a

2. ——– bird in hand is worth two in ——– bush.
1) A, the
2) The, a
3) A, a
4) The, the

3. ——– pupil should obey his teacher.
1) A
2) An
3) The
4) None

4. ——– gold is precious ——– metal.
1) None, none
2) None, the
3) None, a
4) A, none

5. ——– wisdom is the gift of Heaven.
1) A
2) An
3) The
4) None

6. Mumbai is ——– very dear place.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

7. She is ——– untidy girl.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

8. The children found ——– egg.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. I bought ——– horse, ——– ox and ——– buffalo.
1) a, an, a
2) the, the, the
3) a, the, a
4) the, a, the

10. If you see him, give him ——– message.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none
Answers:
1) 2
2) 1
3) 1
4) 3
5) 4
6) 1
7) 2
8) 3
9) 1
10) 1

Exercise – 9

1. My uncle is still in ——– hospital.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

2. I met him at ——– church.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

3. ——– copper is ——– useful metal.
1) A, the
2) An, a
3) The, a
4) None, a

4. He is not ——– honourable man.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

5. Honest men speak ——– truth.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

6. Man, thou art ——– wonderful animal.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

7. He looks as stupid as ——– owl.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

8. He is ——– honour to his profession.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. I like to live in ——– open air.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

10. Have you ever seen ——– elephant?
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none
Answers:
1) 3
2) 1
3) 4
4) 2
5) 4
6) 1
7) 2
8) 2
9) 3
10) 2

Exercise – 10

1. Benares is ——– holy city.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

2. Aladdin had ——– wonderful lamp.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

3. The world is ——– happy place.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

4. He returned after ——– hour.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

5. Rustum is ——– young Parsee.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

6. Draw ——– map of India.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

7. How blue ——– sky looks?
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

8. Who wishes to take ——– walk with me?
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

9. They never fall who die in ——– great cause.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none

10. I have not seen him since he was ——– child.
1) a
2) an
3) the
4) none
Answers:
1) 1
2) 1
3) 1
4) 2
5) 1
6) 3
7) 3
8) 1
9) 1
10) 1

D. Fill in the blanks with appropriate forms of the verbs given in the brackets.

1) The manager ——– (ask) the employee, why he ——– (be) late.
2) When she ——– (cook) she ——– (hear) someone knock on the door.
3) Many ——– (decide) that she ——–(go) to the shop the next day.
4) If it ——– (rain) you ——– (got) wet.
5) Rohan ——– (meet) with an accident when he ——– (walk) back home.
6) While we ——– (walk) in the fields we ——– (see) a snake.
7) When Prabhu ——– (reach) the airport the plane ——– (leave) already.
8) When I ——– (see) her, she ——– (play) chess.
9) The train ——– (leave) the station before I ——– (reach) there.
10) If you ——– (go) now, you ——– (catch) the train.
11) We ——– (go) as soon as you ——– (be) ready.
12) Don’t ——– (get) off the train till it ——– (stop).
13) I ——– (find) this letter while I ——– (search) for a book.
14) He ——– (jump) off the train when it ——– (move).
15) The thief ——– (escape) before I ——– (open) the door.
Answer:
1) asked; was
2) was cooking; heard
3) decided; would go
4) rains; will get
5) met; was walking
6) were walking; saw
7) reached; had already left
8) saw; was playing
9) had left; reached
10) go; can catch
11) shall go; are
12) get; stops
13) found; was searching
14) jumped; was moving
15) had escaped; opened

E. Fill in the blanks using until, till, as long as, as soon as, from – to, since, for, between – and.

1) I have been waiting here ——– an hour.
2) It has been raining ——– morning.
3) The school works ——– 9 a.m. ——– 5 p.m.
4) The office works ——– 10 a.m. ——– 5 p.m.
5) We shall go ——– you are ready.
6) Can’t you wait ——– we get home?
7) The shop is open ——– 6 o’ clock.
8) Let’s wait ——– the rain stops.
9) You are not going out ——– you’ve finished this.
10) We shall go ——– the weather is good.
11) I’ll call you ——– we get the information.
12) She has been working in this office ——– 2000.
Answer:
1) for
2) since
3) from; to
4) between – and
5) as soon as
6) till
7) till
8) until
9) until
10) as long as
11) as soon as
12) since

F. Now express the wishes of the people mentioned below using unreal past (wish + subject + past tense). The first one is done for you.

1. Sindhu has missed her school bus. She has to go to school urgently. She wishes to have a car.
How would Sindhu express her wish?
2. Sneha did not visit Ooty. She wishes to visit that place. How would Sneha express her wish ?
3. Ramesh wants to watch a film. But, he did not have money. How would Ramesh express his wish of having money?
4. Anita wants to abolish the system of exams. She wishes to be the Prime Minister. How would Anita express her wish ?
5. Srinu’s father has a car. He wishes to drive that car. But he doesn’t know how to drive a car. How would Srinu express his wish?
6. Sharmila wants to play tennis. But she doesn’t have a tennis racket. How would Sharmila
express her wish?
7. Mahendra wants to get first rank in the class. But he can’t. How would Mahendra express his wish?
Answer:
1. I wish I had a car.
2. I wish I visited Ooty.
3. I wish I had money.
4. I wish I were the Prime Minister.
5. I wish I drove a car.
6. I wish I had a racket.
7. I wish I got a first rank.

G. Rewrite the following sentences using the contracted forms of the underlined parts.

1) I am not a fool.
2) You are not a student.
3) The story is not interesting.
4) He can not speak English.
5) He did not write homework.
6) She does not eat meat.
7) We do not play cricket.
8) She has not finished the work.
9) I have not seen the film.
10) She would pay the fees.
11) He had done it.
12) I am a good boy.
13) I have two brothers.
14) I shall go.
15) He will come.
16) It is nice.
17) You are beautiful.
18) Let us go.
19) We shall not do this.
20) You should not leave your slippers here.
Answer:

1. I’m not a fool.
2. You aren’t a student.
3. The story isn’t interesting.
4. He can’t speak English.
5. He didn’t write homework.
6. She doesn’t eat meat.
7. We don’t play cricket.
8. She hasn’t finished the work.
9. I haven’t seen the film.
10. She’d pay the fees.
11. He’d done it.
12. I’m a good boy.
13. I’ve two brothers.
14. I’ll go.
15. He’ll come.
16. It’s nice.
17. You’re beautiful.
18. Let’s go.
19. We shan’t do this.
20. You shouldn’t leave your slippers here.