AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Chapter 5(b) Reproductive Health

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Students get through AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Lesson 5(b) Reproductive Health which are most likely to be asked in the exam.

AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Lesson 5(b) Reproductive Health

Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
What are the measures one has to take to prevent contracting STDs? [AP MAR-17]
Answer:

  1. Avoiding sex with unknown partner or multiple partners.
  2. Using condoms compulsorily during coitus.
  3. Consulting qualified doctor for early detection of STDs
  4. Getting complete treatment in case of infection.

Question 2.
What in your view are the reasons for population explosion, especially in India? [TS MAR-15]
Answer:
Population Explosion in India is due to

  1. Increased health care facilities and better living conditions.
  2. Decline in death rate
  3. Decline in maternal mortality rate(MMR)
  4. Decline in infant mortality rate.(IMR) .

AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Chapter 5(b) Reproductive Health
Question 3.
It is true that ‘MTP is not meant for population control’. Then why did the Government of India legalize MTP? [APMAR-19]
Answer:
MTP means Medical Termination of Pregnancy.
MTP is legalized in India with some restrictions to save

  1. Unwanted pregnancy caused due to unprotected intercourse.
  2. Pregnancy in case of rapes.
  3. Mother from Continuation of pregnancy.

Question 4.
What is ‘Amniocentesis’? Name any two disorders that can be detected by amniocentesis. [AP MAR-16,17, 20]
Answer:

  1. Amniocentesis is a diagnostic procedure to detect genetic defects in the unborn baby.
  2. The disorders that can be detected are
    (i) Down syndrome
    (ii) Edward’s syndrome and
    (iii) Tumer’s syndrome.
  3. In this procedure, Amniotic fluid is drawn and foetal cells are tested.
  4. But, it is misused and has become a practice to know the sex of the child.

Question 5.
Mention the advantages of’lactational amenorrhea method’. [AP MAY-22] [AP MAR-19]
Answer:
Advantages of Lactational amenorrhea method (Breastfeeding):

  1. As long as the mother breast feeds her child, the chances of conception are almost zero.
  2. Breast fed babies have enhanced immunity and protection against allergies.

Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Briefly describe the common sexually tranmitted diseases in human beings. [TS MAR-16]
Answer:
Common STDs in human being:

a) Gonorrhea – caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (bacterium)
b) Syphilis – casused by Treponema pallidum (bacterium)
c) Genital warts, cervical cancer – Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
d) Genital herpes – Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
e) Trichomoniasis – Trichomonas vaginalis (protozoan)
f) Chlamydiasis – Chlamydia trachomatis (bacterium)
g) Hepatitis-B – Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
h) HIV/AIDS – Human Immuno deficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 2.
Describe the surgical methods of contraception. [TS MAY-22]
Answer:
Surgical methods of contraceptions: These methods are also called sterilizations.
In males it is Vasectomy and in females it is tubectomy.
1) Vasectomy: An incision is made on the side of the scrotum(both sides). The vas deference is cut. The cut ends are tied. The sperms are prevented from reaching semipal vesicles. The semen of vasectomized person doesnot contain sperms.

2) Tubectomy: A small incision is made on the side of lower abdomen (both sides). Fallopian tube (both sides) is cut. The cut ends are tied. The ova are prevented from reaching fallopian tubes and pregnancy is prevented.

AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Chapter 5(b) Reproductive Health

Question 3.
Write short notes on any two of the following,
a) IVF
b) ICSI
c) IUDs
Answer:
(a) I VF-ln Vitro Fertilization: Fertilization of ovum is done out side the body under simulated conditions it is developed upto 8 blastomere stage.
The embryo is transfered to the uterus of mother.
This procedure is commonly known as test tube baby procedure.
The sperms and ova may belong to husband and wife or donars.
The embryo may be implanted in mother or surrogate mother.

(b) ICSI: ICSI is intra cytoplasmic sperm injection to form an embryo.
The sperm is directly injected into the ovum. This method is used in case where there is less sperm count. The embryo is tranfered to uterus.

(c) IUDs: Intra uterine devices:
They are inserted by doctors or trained nurses. The following IUDs are in use.
a) Lippes loop
b) Copper releasing IUD
c) hormone releasing IUD
IUDs promote phagocytosis of sperms in uterus copperions suppress the mobility, viability and fertilizing capacity of sperms.

Question 4.
Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.
Answer:
Infertile couples and methods: A large number of couples are unable to beget children. The reasons may be physical, genetical diseases, drugs, immunological or psychological. The probelm may be with male partner or female partner. There are certain diagnostic corrective treatments.

A number of procedures are available collectively called assisted reproductive technology.
1) Invitro fertilization (IVF): The egg and sperm are collected from couple and fertilized in laboratory. The zygote is developed in laboratory upto 8 celled stage. The embryo is implanted in uterus. Some times the sperms and ova are collected from donors and implanted in a surrogate mother according to the need.

2) Zygote intra Fallopian transfer (ZIFT): The ovum is collected and fertilized In Vitro and the zygote is transfered to the fallopian tubule of female partner.

3) Gamete intra fallopian transfer (GIFT): When the female partner is unable to produce ova. The donor’s ovum is transfered to the female partner where natural fertilization takes palce.

4) Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (1CSI): The sperm of male partner is injected into ovum of female partner. The embryo is transfered to uterus.

5) Artificial insemination: When the male partner is unable to inseminate, the sperms are collected and artificially introduced into uterus.

Question 5.
Is sex education necessary in schools? Why? [TS MAY -22]
Answer:

  1. Introduction of sex education in schools is very necessary because at this age they find that something going on with sex organs and become very curious.
  2. Proper information about reproductive organs, adolescence and related changes, safe and hygenic sex practices help student to completely understand them.
  3. Information about sexually transmitted diseases makes them aware of what happens in unhealthy sex.
  4. So it is necessary to provide the school children the right information on sex and related issues.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
An example for IUD is
1. Copper-T
2. Condom
3. Vasectomy
4. Pill
Answer:
1. Copper-T

Question 2.
A contraceptive pill contains
1. Progesterone and estrogen
2. Spermicidal salts
3. Chemicals causing automatic abortion
4. Chemicals that prevent fertilization of ovum
Answer:
1. Progesterone and estrogen

AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Chapter 5(b) Reproductive Health

Question 3.
MTP means
1. Multi trade practices
2. Malthusian theory on populations
3. Multiple temporary frequency
4. Medical termination of pregnancy
Answer:
4. Medical termination of pregnancy

Question 4.
Purpose of tuhectorny is to prevent
1. Coitus
2. Egg formation
3. Fertilization
4. Embryonic development
Answer:
3. Fertilization

Question 5.
An important component of oral contraceptive is
1. Thyroxine
2. LH
3. Progesterone
4. GH
Answer:
3. Progesterone

Question 6.
Tubcctomy, a method of population control, is performed on
1. Both males and females
2. Males only
3. Females only
4. Only pregnant women
Answer:
3. Females only

Question 7.
A common method of sterilization is
1. IUDCB
2. Diaphragm
3. Tubectomy
4. Loop
Answer:
3. Tubectomy

Question 8.
Which of the following mechanical harrier is used in birth control
1. Copper-T
2. Diaphragm
3. Loop
4. Dalcon shield
Answer:
2. Diaphragm

Question 9.
In surrogacy
1. Surrogate mother is biological mother for the baby
2. The baby will have two biological fathers
3. A woman provides her uterus for the development of some other’s embryo
4. None
Answer:
3. A woman provides her uterus for the development of some other’s embryo

Question 10.
The correct statement about test tube baby is
1. Fertilization inside female genital tract and growth in test tube
2. Rearing of prematurely bom baby in incubator
3. Fertilisation outside and gestation inside the womb of mother
4. Both fertilization and development outside the female genital tract
Answer:
3. Fertilisation outside and gestation inside the womb of mother

Question 11.
‘Breast feeding is the best feeding’, because it
1. enhances immunity
2. protects against allergies
3. reduces chances of immediate conception
4. all the above
Answer:
4. all the above

Question 12.
‘Assisted Reproductive Technology’ (ART), in which ‘Test Tube Baby’ procedure is applied is
1. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
2. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
3. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET)
4. Zygote-intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
Answer:
3. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET)

Question 13.
A component of oral pills is
1. progesterone
2. oxytocin
3. relaxin
4. oriplex
Answer:
1. progesterone

AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Chapter 5(b) Reproductive Health

Question 14.
Contraceptive oral pills help in birth control by
1. killing the sperms in uterus
2. preventing implantation
3. preventing ovulation
4. both (2) and (3)
Answer:
4. both (2) and (3)

Question 15.
Amniocentesis is
1. digestion of amino acid
2. conversion of glucose to amino acids
3. taking out of cells near the foetus
4. killing of child before birth
Answer:
3. taking out of cells near the foetus

Question 16.
The Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT) technique is recommended for those females
1. who cannot produce an ovum
2. who cannot retain the foetus inside uterus
3. whose cervical canal is too narrow to allow passage for the sperms
4. who cannot provide suitable environment for fertilization
Answer:
1. who cannot produce an ovum

Question 17.
One of the legal methods of birth control is
1. by abstaining from coitus from by 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle
2. by having coitus at the time of day break
3. by a premature ejaculation during coitus
4. abortion by taking an appropriate medicine
Answer:
4. abortion by taking an appropriate medicine

Question 18.
Which of the following is a hormone releasing Intra Uterine Device (Il)D)
1. Multiload375
2. LNG – 20
3. Cervical cap
4. Vault
Answer:
2. LNG – 20

Question 19.
Which one of the following pairs is mismatched
1. syphilis-Trichuris trichiura
2. sleeping sickness – Trypanosoma gambiense
3. dengue fever – arbovirus
4. plague – Yersinia pestis
Answer:
1. syphilis-Trichuris trichiura

Question 20.
Progesterone pill helps in preventing pregnancy by not allowing ”
1. ova formation
2. fertilization
3. implantation
4. none of these
Answer:
1. ova formation

Question 21.
GIFT involves transfer of
1. a mixture of sperms and ova into the uterus
2. embryo into the uterus
3. a mixture of sperms and ova into the Fallopian tube
4. zygote into the Fallopian tube
Answer:
3. a mixture of sperms and ova into the Fallopian tube

Question 22.
Invitro fertilisation is a technique that involves transfer of which one of the following into the Fallopian tube?
1. Embryo only, upto 8 cell stage
2. Either zygote or early embryo upto 8 cell stage
3. Embryo of 32 cell stage
4. Zygote only
Answer:
2. Either zygote or early embryo upto 8 cell stage

Question 23.
The permissible use of the technique amniocentesis is for
1. detecting sex of the unborn foetus
2. artificial insemination
3. transfer of embryo into the uterus of a surrogate mother
4. detecting any genetic abnormality.
Answer:
4. detecting any genetic abnormality.

AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Chapter 5(b) Reproductive Health

Question 24.
Medical Termination of Pregnane (MTP) is considered safe up to how many weeks of pregnancy?
1. Eight weeks
2. Twelve weeks
3. Eighteen weeks
4. Six weeks
Answer:
2. Twelve weeks

Question 25.
Which of the following cannot be detected in a developing foetus by amniocentesis?
1. Down’s syndrome
2. Jaundice
3. Klinefelter’s syndrome
4. Sex of the foetus
Answer:
2. Jaundice

Question 26.
Tubectomy is a method of sterilisation in which
1. small part to f the Fallopian tube is removed or tied up
2. ovaries are removed surgically
3. small part of vas deferens is removed or tied up
4. uterus is removed surgically
Answer:
1. small part to f the Fallopian tube is removed or tied up

Question 27.
Cu ions released from copper-releasing intra uterine devicis (IUDs)
1. make uterus unsuitable for implantation
2. increase phagocytosis of spenns
3. suppress sperm motility
4. prevent ovulation
Answer:
3. suppress sperm motility

Question 28.
Assisted reproductive technology, IVF involves transfer of
1. ovum into the Fallopian tube
2. zygote into the Fallopian tube
3. zygote into the uterus
4. embryo with 16 blastomeres into the Fallopian tube
Answer:
2. zygote into the Fallopian tube

Question 29.
Which of the following is not a sexually transmitted disease?
1. Trichomoniasis
2. Encephalitis
3. Syphilis
4. Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Answer:
2. Encephalitis

AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Chapter 5(b) Reproductive Health

Question 30.
Which of the following viruses is not transferred through semen of an infected male?
1. Chikungunya virus
2. Ebola virus
3. Hepatitis B virus
4. Human immunodeficiency virus
Answer:
1. Chikungunya virus

Question 31.
AchMdless couple can be assisted to have a child through a technique called GIFT. The full form of this technique is
1. Gamete Internal Fertilisation and Transfer
2. Germ cell Internal Fallopian Transfer
3. Gamete Inseminated Fallopian Transfer
4. Gamete Intra Fallopian T ransfer
Answer:
4. Gamete Intra Fallopian T ransfer

Question 32.
Embryo with more than 16 blastomeres formed due to in vitro fertilisation is transferred into
1. uterus
2. Fallopian tube
3. fimbriae
4. cervix
Answer:
1. uterus

Question 33.
Genital warts is caused by
1. Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
2. Treponema pallidum
3. Trichomonas vaginalis
4. Human papilloma virus (HPV) .
Answer:
4. Human papilloma virus (HPV) .

Question 34.
Which of the following is a technique of direct introduction of gametes into the oviduct?
1. MTPS
2. ET
3. IVF
4. GIFT
Answer:
4. GIFT

Question 35.
Which of the following is a method of birth control?
1. IUDs
2. GIFT
3. HTF
4. IVF-ET
Answer:
1. IUDs

AP Inter 2nd Year Zoology Important Questions Chapter 5(b) Reproductive Health

Question 36.
Syphilis is caused by
1. Treponema pallidum
2. Plasmodium
3. Neisseria gonorrhea
4. Entamoeba histolytica
Answer:
1. Treponema pallidum

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