TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

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TS Board Telangana SCERT Class 8 Social Solutions 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 8th Class Social 19th Lesson Questions and Answers – Social and Religious Reform Movements

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Question 1.
Do you agree with “Western education and Christian Missionaries influenced the Social and Religious reform movement in India”? Why? (Reading the text (given), understanding and interpretation)
Answer:
The 18th and 19th centuries brought many changes in the existing practices of various religions in India.
The western education brought by the Christian missionaries shed on light ou the social evils connected with the religions in the following way.

  1. The severe criticism of the existing religious practices by the Christian missionaries forced the Indians to give a thought about them.
  2. Many educational institutions viz: Fort William College in Calcutta, Calcutta University 1781, Banaras Sanskrit University 1784, were established.
  3. The Christian ideology given a chance to discuss with principles of their respective religions in comparison with Christianity.
  4. Through translating the ancient literature books, made the Indians to feel proud about our culture.
  5. The English education forced the Indians to study their religious books correctly.

Question 2.
What was the importance of printing press in the development of reform movement? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The large number of peoples participation is a must to the success of any reform movement, This can be possible through influencing the people either by dialogue or writings. Before the arrival of the Europeans, the print technology was not available. So the book reading is an expensive affair. Once the printing press was introduced the following advantages took place in the Indian society.

  1. It increased the availability for more number of newspapers and magazines.
  2. The readers number was increased as the cost of publication reduced.
  3. The printing encouraged debate and discussion on various subjects, ultimately helped the reform movement very much.

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

Question 3.
The main idea behind religious reform was to end complex rituals, worshipping of many gods, and idol worship. Do you think people have accepted these reforms? Explain. (Reading the text (given), understanding and interpretation)
Answer:
The Philosophers of 18th and 19th centuries believed that

  1. The religious beliefs should be rational and it must benefit the people.
  2. All of them supported the worshipping of the supreme god without many rituals and superstitions.
  3. Everybody believed in a single religion as all religions teach the same and show the same path to reach god.

If people would have not accepted reforms there would have been no Brahma Samaj, Arya Samaj, Prarthana Samaj etc.

Question 4.
Why do you think people like Ramabai paid special attention to the condition of widows? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Pandita Ramabai Saraswati devoted her whole life to help women, especially widows. She has done all this due to

  1. Make the Indian women to be self-supportive. So, they can fight against the injustice done to them.
  2. The widows of 18th and 19th centuries were treated very badly by the Indian Society.
  3. The Indian women used to become widows at a very young age due to the prevailed customs of this period.

Being a woman, Ramabai was very committed to the improvement of the women in general and widows in particular.

Question 5.
Explain the role of Raja Rammohan Roy as a social reformer in India in 19th century. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Raja Rammohan Roy was born in a well-established family in Bengal. He was a great scholar and central figure among the social reformers of India. He played pivotal role in bringing the following social reforms:

  1. Sati System: Raja Rammohan Roy tried his best to awaken the people against the practice of Sati’. He got the law passed against this evil with the support of Lord Warren Hastings; the then Governor General.
  2. Child Marriage: He worked against the child marriage and made the government to abolish it.
  3. Widow Re-marriage: l-le preached in favour of widow remarriages. With his hard and continuous efforts, widows got a respectable place in the society of his time. The Widow Re-marriage Act even reduced the deaths of ‘Sati’.
  4. Western Education: With a view to modernise the Orthodox Indian Society, he supported the western education.

Question 6.
What was the main concern of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in promoting English Education?
(Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was one of the prominent social reformers of 19th century in india. He promoted English education among the Indian Muslims for the following reasons:

  1. To make the Muslims to participate in governance and get larger share in government jobs to be progressed.
  2. To put an end to the bitterness between the Muslims and the British.
  3. To reduce the gap between religion, modem science and philosophy.
  4. To bring social reforms in the Muslim community and encourage the women education.

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

Question 7.
Different leaders thought of different ways in which the ‘Untouchable’ castes could be made the equals of all others. Make a table with the suggestions of leaders like Phule, Bhagya Reddy Varma, Narayana Guru, Ambedkar and Gandhiji. (Information skills)
Answer:
I. Jyotiba Phule:

  • Shudras and Ati Shudras should unite to fight the caste discrimination.
  • Special schools should be opened for the low castes where the low caste only teach them.
  • Should learn the conduction of ceremonies.

II. Narayana Guru:

  • To gving up the making of liquor and animal sacrifices by the low caste people.
  • By educating themselves.
  • Conduct of simple rituals on their own.

III. Bhagya Reddy Varma:

  • Educating themselves.
  • Leading agitations against the unjust done to them.
  • Adoption of Buddhism by the ‘Dalits

IV. Dr. B.R.Ambedkar:

  • Educating themselves.
  • Should lead public movements.
  • Mobilisation of low castes on the political lines.
  • Conversion into Buddhism.

V. M.K.Gandhiji:

  • Gave a call to allow Hanjans into temples.
  • Gave a separate, respecting title ‘Harijans’ means ‘People of God’.

Question 8.
Why does caste remain such a controversial issue today? What do you think was the most important movement against caste in colonial times? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
The Indian society was divided into four groups for the convenience of labour, Knowingly or unknowingly the divisions became so rigid and turned to be castes. Gradually these castes started having their own set of rules and regulations. This system created the untouchable group for which had no sanction of any religious text.

Before independence, the inhuman practice of untouchability was very controversial. After six decades of independence, we are narrowing ourselves, and fighting on the issues of the casteism. Even taking a few steps to develop the so-called untouchable, such as ‘reservations’ etc are very controversial now. Above all the Indian ‘Vote bank’ politics too not putting an end to this controversy, During the colonial times the anti-caste movements led by Jyotiba Phule, Narayana Guru, Bhagya Reddy and B.R. Ambedkar were prominent.

Question 9.
What did Ambedkar want to achieve through the temple entry movement?(Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the temple entry was not opened to all. The so-called untouchable or Dalits were not allowed into temples to worship. As these Dalits were not allowed to draw water from the open wells and were humiliated in all walks of life, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar started this temple entry movement. Through this movement, Dr. BR. Ambedkar wanted to prove that

  1. All human beings are equal.
  2. No discrimination should be followed in worshipping.
  3. Dalits’ self-confidence to be developed.

Question 10.
How in your opinion were the movements of social reform effective in ridding Indian society of social evils What social evils do you find today Which reform movements should be started to combat them? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
The impact of the social reform movement:

  1. The 18th and 19th-century social reform movement was successful in the abolition of social evils or inhuman practices of Sati, Child marriages, in human treatment to widows, infanticides, and Purdah system.
  2. The social reform movement encouraged the people to become literate.
  3. If focussed on the greatness of the Indian culture and broadened the thinking of our people.

The present-day social evils:
Dowry, neglecting the girl child, illiteracy, corruption etc are some of the deep-rooted social evils in the present-day Indian society. Certainly, we need to start a few new reform movements to combat the above-mentioned social evils. So. we can provide a peaceful, decent, and honourable life to all.

Question 11.
Create a poster that reflects girls education and its importance. (Appreciation and Sensitivity)
Answer:

Girls Education – A Threshold to Civilization

Educate a girl – Reform all.
Nowadays, most of the girls are competing with boys. it is very happy to know that in CBSE examinations held in 2013, girls outshined boys. Two hundred years ago things were very different. Girls were not allowed to get educated. There were many restrictions. Girls were limited to house only. In the last 6 decades, the scenario changed. The first three IAS toppers in 2013 exams are ladies. It was once only a dream. Girls proved that given an opportunity, they prove their worth.

All this is because of awareness in public about the importance of girls’ education, progressive reforms by leaders, government policies. Yet, there is much more to be achieved and still more to be done. Let us not rest till the goal is reached because Girls’ education – A real boon.

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

Question 12.
What qualities of Social Reformers did you like? Why? (Appreciation and Sensitivity)
Answer:
The qualifies of honesty, service to poor and weaker sections, opposing social evils like Sati-Sahagamanam, Child marriages, discrimination towards widows. woman, astes discrimination are all the qualities I liked in social reformers. Unless tese qualities are not there in social reformers they cannot bravely question the social evils. Because of their efforts, today we are enjoying the fruits like equal status to all sections of people irrespective of caste, colour, religion, equal importance to women etc.

Intext Questions

Textbook Page No.214

Question 1.
What were the similarities and differences between the views of Rammohan Roy
and Swami Vivekananda? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Similarities:

  1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Vivekananda both condemned the caste systems’ ritual ceremonies and superstitions in the religious sphere.
  2. Both of them worked to develop humanism.
  3. They both worked towards the spread of education.
  4. By establishing Brahma Samaj and Rama Krishna Mission, respectively worked against social evils.

Differences:

  1. Rammohan Roy gave importance to Western education where as Vivekananda wanted to have a strong Indian education with a broad outlook.
  2. Roy worked against Sati and Vivekananda attacked the untouchability.
  3. There was no chance to start any charity works for Roy but Vivekananda started many charity services.

Question 2.
How do you think were the early reformers influenced by European culture and Christianity? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The early reformers of India were very much influenced by the European culture and Christianity in the following way.

  1. The Indian reformers were able to compare our practices with the European ones.
  2. The educational institutions started by the Christian missionaries and the translated work of them gave a chance to our reformers to broaden their knowledge.
  3. The European culture and the work of the missionaries encouraged our reformers to enquire into the original and basic tenets of our own religions.
  4. The rich and diverse cultural heritage of the country was recognised by all.

Question 3.
In what way do you think printing help in the spread of these new ideas (Appreciation and Sensitivity)
Answer:

  1. The printing helped the spread of good ideas to a large section of the literate people.
  2. The print made the availability of newspapers and magazines at a cheaper price.
  3. The print helped the development of vernacular press, so the learners of local language can also understand the changes.

Question 4.
Compare the religious views of Rammohan Roy, Vivekananda and Dayananda, and point out the similarities and differences among them. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Similarities:

  1. All three worked for the social reform.
  2. They strived to spread education.
  3. They worked to remove social evils by establishing Brahma Samaj, Rama Krishna Mission, and Arya Samaj respectively.

Differences:

  1. They worked in three different areas of India.
  2. Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Vivekananda not opened any specific educational institutions but Dayananda Saraswathi opened DAV School.
  3. 3. Reading and interpreting the Vedas in the correct way was the theme of Dayananda, humanism was the theme of Vivekananda, and improving the lives of women was the aim of Raja Rammohan Roy.

Question 5.
If you had to choose between a DAV school, Gurukul School, and a government-run school, which one would you prefer to go to and why? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
If I have chosen a government school, there is no need to pay any fee where I can get instructions from the qualified staff, whereas the infrastructure levels and personal care will be more in DAV and Gurukul schools but in these schools, have to pay the fee. Basing on my financial position and surroundings! will select the school run by Government.

Text Book Page No: 215

Question 6.
You may have noticed that all the reformers tried to reinterpret the ancient religious books in order to defend their reformist ideas. Look at the examples of all the major reformers and see how they did this. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:

  1. Raja Rammohan Roy: Interpreted by telling that God is one and worshipping of idols and making sacrifices were incorrect.
  2. Vivekananda: In the light of Vedas, he wanted Hindu religion should get rid of ritualism, superstitions, etc;
  3. Swami Dayananda Saraswathi: He believed the Vedas contain the true religion and he rejected all later additions to the religion like idol worship, caste system Brahminie priesthood, etc.

Question 7.
Why do you think was there bitterness between Muslims and the British after 1857? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The suppression of the revolt of 1857 had created a lot of bitterness between Muslims and the British, Most Maulvis opposed English education as they felt that the teachings of modern science and philosophy were contrary to Islamic tenets.

Question 8.
Do you see any similarity between the DAY schools and the MAO college? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The Dayanand Anglo Vt’dic Schools and the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College, both were started to educate their respective communities’ children,

  1. In Modern Education
  2. Impart knowledge in science and English and
  3. Not completely deviating from their regular religious teachings.

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

Question 9.
Do you find any religious idea advocated by the above reformers which was not part of the Bhakti Movement? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
All the religious ideas advocated by the social reformers of 18 and 19 centuries was part and parcel of the Bhakti movement.
The Bhakti Movement criticised orthodoxy among both Hindus and Muslims and pointed out the oneness of God and equality of human beings: The same ideology was further strengthened by the reformers.

Question 10.
Write a dialogue between supporters and opposers of widow remarriage. (Information skills)
Answer:
Supporter: Women too can marry if they lose their husbands. No wrong in it.
Opposer: No, No. It is our tradition that once women lose their husbands, they are widows. They should not marry again.
Supporter: Our tradition never opposed widow marriages. It is a wrong notion popularised in medieval period only.
Opposer: If widows marry, who look after the children?
Supporter: All these sort of problems can be set right. Let us have a broad-mindedness to treat widows as equally as our other fellow beings.

Question 11.
Why do you think was it important to get the government to pass laws for social reform? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The social reformers by creating awareness can persuade the people to give up the various social evils voluntarily. Unless a strict law is enacted against the social evils, there is no guarantee of the disappearance of it. So, it is mandatory to pass the laws to curb them, Here the role of government is imminent.

Textbook Page No:218

Question 12.
Do you think equal importance is given to the education of girls today or they do girls still face discrimination? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:

  • The awareness-filled parents are not showing any discrimination as far as providing education to their daughters equal to sons.
  • The uneducated and orthodox families are still not giving equal importance to their girl children.

Question 13.
What problems do girls face in getting educated which boys do not face? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
Problems of the girls in getting educated:

  1. Many girls are becoming dropouts after their primary or high school education.
  2. Parents are not interested in sending their girls to the higher education as they had to spend money on their marriages.
  3. Parents think girls are to be confined to household works.
  4. If some of the girls want to pursue education they don’t have the basic facilities like toilets etc.
  5. Grown-up girls face sometimes gender discrimination and assaults.

Question 14.
To what extent has the treatment of widows changed today? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
The development in the literacy levels, awareness levels and in the standard of living brought a sea change in the treatment given to the widows. Barring a few orthodox people, most of the people treating the widows as a very common human being. Even widow marriages are not considered something new to us. Many of the people in society try their best to develop the plight of any widow and above all the Indian government too keen in helping them.

Question 15.
Do dalit girls and Muslim girls face special problems in education even today? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
The Dalit and Muslim girls are not facing any special problems in education on paper. There are certain problems like,

  1. not encouraging them to pursue higher education.
  2. putting religious restrictions on their education.
  3. not allowing them to be developed economically on their own etc.

Question 16.
Imagine that you are one of the students sitting in the school veranda and listening to the lessons. What kind of questions would be rising in your mind? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:

  1. Why am I not allowed to sit in the class and listen to the lessons?
  2. What happens if I sit in the classroom?
  3. If the upper-caste students are made to sit in the verandah and we in the class, how will it be?

Question 17.
Some people thought this situation was better than the total lack of education for untouchable people. Would you agree with this view? (Appseciafion and Sensitivity)
Answer:
No, the very thought of untouchability is a sin. One should not compromise. All are equal before God. God is nothing but learning. So, all should be taught without any discrimination. The lower castes develop insecure feelings il they are asked to sit separately.

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

Question 18.
Do you think these demands of Jyotiba Phule are necessary even today? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
In the present democratic, free India, these demands are not really necessary. After we became a republic, the government had taken a special interest in the removal of all kinds of discrimination against low castes. It passed many laws to have an all-round improvement in their Lives. Though a few more problems are faced by the so-called low castes, the same demands have no place in our nation today.

Question 19.
Why do you think Jyotiba insisted on ‘low’ caste teachers to teach such students? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Jyotiba Phule insisted in opening educational institutions for so-called low caste students and the so-called low caste teachers are to be appointed to impart education.
He thought it was necessary due to:

  1. The same caste people can understand the students of their own community well.
  2. As they had already undergone the experience of discrimination, they could give a good output to the students.
  3. There will be no gap and misunderstanding between the teachers and the students.

Question 20.
Compare the efforts of Narayana guru and Jyothi Phule. What similarities and differences do you see between themes (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Similarities:

  1. Both were against the caste discrimination
  2. Both favoured the simple religious rituals
  3. Both opposed the superiority of one caste Brahmins in religion.

Differences;

  1. Phule encouraged the unity of all groups of low castes to fight against the discrimination.
  2. Naravana Guru encouraged the lower groups to give up different superstitious activities.
  3. Phule expressed his view through many of his writings like Gulamgiri.
  4. Narayarta Guru stressed the spread of education to uplift the lives of low castes.

Textbook Page No:221

Question 21.
What are the similarities and differences in the approaches of Gandhiji and Ambedkar towards Dalits? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Similarities:

  1. Both wanted to treat Dalits as equals to the remaining people.
  2. Both organised movements in support of them.
  3. They combined this movement with the political struggle to attain independence.

Differences:

  1. Gandhi by calling them as the People of God or Harijans, wanted to give more respect to them while Ambedkar called them Dalits he tried to improve their lives through legal measures.
  2. Gandhiji tried to get the rights for them in a peaceful way where as Ambedkar wanted them to be literate and fight for their rights.

Question 22.
Do you think Dalits have equal access to temples, water sources and school today’ What problems do they still face (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The Dalits of India today improved their conditions and remaining groups of people are able to coincide with them. They are entering into temples and using water resources in schools without any discrimination. A few problems are still persisting in the lives of the Dalits in India. They are
1. many of them are still under the vicious clutches of poverty.
2. unemployment is still continuing though many avenues are provided to them.

Text Book Page No: 222

Question 23.
Recall the teachings of Buddha with regard to the caste system. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Social and Religious Reform Movements
Buddha condemned the caste system. He pointed out that the existence of wicked and cruel people as well as virtuous and kind people in every caste. Any person who had committed a crime would be punished accordingly by his Karma no matter what caste he belongs.

He said that a person may be considered to have come from a high or low caste according to his good and bad deeds. Therefore according to Buddha it is the good and bad actions of person and not his birth that should determine his caste.

Question 24.
How would the feeling that the dalits were the original inhabitants of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh have helped in boosting the confidence of the dalits? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
1. The common interior feelings among the Dalits started shattering due to view that they were the original inhabitants of Andhra. It was put forward b Bhagya Reddy.
2. They also realised the suppression caused by the Aryans on them. This gave a feeling to them, that, they are not originally out caste but were made by some narrow-minded rulers through their mere power.

Textbook Page No:223

Question 25.
Find out about some important women leaders of the freedom struggle – Kalpana Duft, Aruna Asaf Ali, Captain Lakshmi Sehgal, Sarojini Naidu, Kamladevi Chattopadhyaya, etc. (Information skills)
Answer:
Some important women leaders of the freedom struggle:
1. Kalpana Dutt:
She was born on 27th July 1913 and passed away on 8th Feb. 1995. She was an activist of Indian Independence Movement. She took part in the armed resistance movement of Surya Sen. This movement was carried out in Chittagong raid in 1930. Later she joined in the Communist Party.

2. Aruna Asaf All: 16th July 1909 – 29 July 1996.
She took an active part in the Independence struggle. She was widely recognised for hoisting Indian National Congress Flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Mumbai during the Quit India Movement. Aruna was dubbed as the Heroine of 1942 movement and for her bravery in the face of danger, was called the Great Old Lady of the independence Movement.

3. Captain L.akshmi Sehagal:
24th Oct. 1914- 23rd July 2012. A revolutionary of the Independent India. She worked as an Officer in the Indian National Army and the Minister of Women’s Affairs in the Azad Hind Government She is commonly referred in India as Captain Lakshmi, for her braver while taken to prison in Burma.

4. Sarojini Naidu : 13th Feb 1897-2 March 1949:
She is popularly known as the Nightingale of India. Took part actively in the freedom struggle. She was the 2nd Women President of the Indian National Congress and the first Woman Governor of India, for the state of Uttar Pradesh. Her birthday was observed as the Womens Day in India.

5. Kamala Devi Chatopadyaya :
3rd April 1903  29th Oct. 19t8. A social reformer and a freedom fighter. She stressed the development of Indian handicrafts, handlooms, and theatre in India. She worked for the upliftment of cooperative socio-economic system.

Question 26.
Did all women get the right to vote in Independent India? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Yes, all the Indian women who attained the age of 21 ‘ears were declared to be eligible to get the right to vote. The age limit was further reduced to 18 years now. Our Constitution grants the Universal Adult Franchise to all eligible Indians without any discrimination. This made India to be the largest democratic country in the world.

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

Additional Questions

Question 27.
Create a poster on Social reforms.
Answer:

Poster on Social reforms

One may feel it a tale to hear that there was a practice called Sati where in widows were compelled to die with their dead husbands. Social reformers like Rammohan Roy fought against sati and got them banned. Social reforms are needed at all times. A bad habit when not opposed and accepted with heads bent down, it becomes a bad practice and social evil.

Dowry system, humiliation on women, female foeticide, corruption, casteism, regional feelings all are putting challenges to present-day society. If they are neglected, they become social evils and cancerous disorders.

Waiting for a social reformer as if feeling it none of our business is meaningless. Every one of us is to be a Jyotiba Phuic, Kandukun Veeresalingam. Iswara Chandra Vidva Sagar, Baba Amte, and Anna Haian’ to drive out social evils. Nip in the bud is need of the hour.

Reading the Text (given), understanding and interpretation

A) ‘Two hundred years ago things were very different. Most children’s were’ married offal an early age of five or six years. Both Hindu and Muslim men could marry snore’ than One wife. In some parts of the country, upper cash women were burnt along with the bodies of their total husbands. This was called “Sati.”
Read the above paragraph arid answer the following question.
Write about the life of a widow who did not commit ‘Sati’?
Answer:
The life of a widow who did not commit sati was one of hardships and ill treatments because people felt that such women were inauspicious and unprotected.

B) “Gandhiji encouraged women to participate in the non-cooperation movement and satyagrahas. His success in enlisting women in his campaigns, including the salt satyagraha, anti untouchability campaign, and the peasant movement, gave many women a new self-confidence and dignity in the mainstream of Indian public life.’ women joined the national movement in large numbers. They hoped that they will enjoy equal rights with risen when India became independent.”
Read the above paragraph and answer the following question.
1. Name some of the important women leaders who participated in the freedom struggle?
Answer:
Kalpana Dutt, Aruna Asaf Ah, Captain Lakshmi Sehgal, Sarojini Naidu, and Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay.

Information Skills

A. In 1828 Rammohan Roy founded the Brahma Smaji – an assembly of all those who believed in an universal religion based on the principle of One Supreme God. After the death of Rammohan Roy in 1833, the Brahma movement was led by Devendranath Tagore and Keshav Chandra Sen. They Popularised their ideas by lecturing all over India.
Read the above paragraph and answer the following questions
1. Who was founder of Brahma Samaj?
Answer:
Raja Rammohan Roy.

2. When did Raja Ratnmohan Roy died?
Answer:
1833.

3. Who popularised the ideas of Raja Rammohan Roy?
Answer:
Devendranath Tagore and Keshav Chandra Sen

4. Universal Religion’ based on which principle?
Answer:
One Supreme God.

B. Veeresalingam founded Brahma Samji in Andhara Pradesh. He concentrated all his efforts and energies on the window remaining and abolition of child marriage. He was strong advocate of womens education which was forbidden in those days. he started a school at Dhawaleswaram near Rajamundry.

Answer the following with the help of the above passage.

1. Who was the founder of the branch of Brahma Samaj in Andhra Pradesh?
Answer:
Kandukuri Veeresalingam.

2. What were the social evil, mainly targeted by Veeresalingam?
Answer:
Bad Treatment to women and preventing child marriages, and widow remarriages.

3. What was forbidden to women during 18th and 19th centuries in the Indian Society? Answer:
Education

4. Where did ‘Veeresalingam start a school?
Answer:
Dhawaleswaram.

One Mark Questions

Question 1.
What do ou understand about ‘Devadasi’
Answer:
A Hindu religions where girls are married and dedicated to deity, for the service of deity.

2. When did ‘Sati’ was banned?
Answer:
1829.

3. Who was the founder of Brahma Samaj?
Answer:
Raja Rammohan Roy.

4. Expand D.A.N.?
Answer:
Dayanand Anglo Vedic School

5. Who called untouchable can as Harijans or people of God?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhiji.

6. Who wrote the book, Satyartha Prakash’?
Answer:
Dayananda Saraswathi.

7. Where did Dr. B.R. Ambedkar born?
Answer:
Maharashtra

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

8. Who was founder of Rama Krishna Mission?
Answer:
Swami Vivekananda.

9. Who was known as ‘Gadya Tikkana?
Answer:
Kandukuri veeresalingam.

10. Who preached ‘one jati, one God and one Religion for all?
Answer:
Narayana Guru.

Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
‘Orientalists’ were the people who studied the books of the following countries ( )
A) Western Countries
B) Eastern Countries
C) Asian Countries
D) American Countries
Answer:
A) Western Countries

Question 2.
The following introduced printing press in India ( )
A) The Europeans
B) The Americans
C) The Chinese
D) The Japanese
Answer:
A) The Europeans

Question 3.
The Brahma Samaj was founded by ( )
A) Vivekananda
B) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
C) Dayanand Sirswathi
D) Rama Krishna
Answer:
B) Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Question 4.
The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College was established in this year ( )
A) 1875
B) 1876
C) 1857
D) 1888
Answer:
A) 1875

Question 5.
This act raised the age for marriage for women to 14 years ( )
A) Sharada Act
B) Savitri Act
C) Indira Act
D) Ramabhai Act
Answer:
A) Sharada Act

Question 6.
The social evil Sati was banned officially in this year ( )
A) 1827
B) 1828
C) 1829
D) 1892
Answer:
C) 1829

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

Question 7.
The Brahma Samaj in Andhra Pradesh was founded by ( )
A) Kandukuri Veeresalingam
B) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
C) Vivekananda
D) Pt. Ramabhai
Answer:
B) Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Question 8.
A school for untouchable girls was set up in Pune in 1848 by this social reformer. ( )
A) jyotiba Phule
B) Narayana Guru
C) Ramahai
D) Veersanagaliam
Answer:
A) jyotiba Phule

Question 9.
The founder of Sharada Sadan in Mumbai was ( )
A) Ramabai
B) Saraswati
C) Max Muller
D) William Cary
Answer:
A) Ramabai

Question 10.
To build a new society on truth and equality Jyotiba Phule founded this organisation ( )
A) Sah’a Shodak Samaj
B) Sharada Sadan
C) MAO
D) DAV
Answer:
A) Sah’a Shodak Samaj

Question 11.
‘Jagan Mura Mandali’ was formed in 1906 in Andhra by this reformer ( )
A) Bhagya Reddy
B) Jagan Mohan Reddy
C) Kiran Kumar Reddy
D) Soubhagva Reddy
Answer:
A) Bhagya Reddy

Question 12.
‘Harijans’ was the name given to this group. ( )
A) Dalits
B) Tribals
C) People work in Temples
D) The followers of Hari
Answer:
D) The followers of Hari

Question 13.
The Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee was ( )
A) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
B) Dr. Radha Krishnan
C) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
D) Dr. Abdul Kalam
Answer:
C) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Question 14.
Arya Samaj was established in ………………. . ( )
A) 1876
B) 1875
C) 1864
D) 1874
Answer:
B) 1875

Question 15.
MAO was established in ……………………. . ( )
A) Lucknow
B) Kashmir
C) Aligarh
D) Allahabad
Answer:
C) Aligarh

Question 16.
Who started “Jagan Mitra Mandali” ( )
A) Arigey Rama Swami’
B) Bhagva Reddy Verma
C) Narayana Garu
D) Gurajada Appa Rao
Answer:
B) Bhagva Reddy Verma

Question 17.
Sharada Sadan in Mumbai was set up by ( )
A) Jyothiba Pule
B) Savitribai
C) Sarada’s mother
D) Rama bai
Answer:
D) Rama bai

Question 18.
The person who said ‘Dalits were Adi Hindus – ( )
A) Kandukuri Veeresalingam
B) Bhagya Reddy Verma
C) Narayana Guru
D) Ambedkar
Answer:
B) Bhagya Reddy Verma

Question 19.
Find wrong matching from the following ( )
A) Brahma Samaj – Rambai Saraswathi
B) Ramakrishna Mission – Swami Vivekananda
C) Satya Shodhak Samaj – Jyotiba Phule
D) Arya Samaj – Dayananda Saraswathi
Answer:
A) Brahma Samaj – Rambai Saraswathi

TS 8th Class Social Study Material 19th Lesson Social and Religious Reform Movements

Question 20.
………………….. called Harizans as people of God. ( )
A) Keshav Chandra Sen
B) Swami Vivekananda
C) Eswara Chandra Vidya Sagar
D) Gandhiji
Answer:
D) Gandhiji

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