Telangana SCERT 8th Class Social Guide Telangana Lesson 12th Freedom Movement in Hyderabad State Textbook Questions and Answers.
TS 8th Class Social 12th Lesson Questions and Answers – Freedom Movement in Hyderabad State
Question 1.
Why do you think was the literacy rate in Hyderabad state was lower than other princely states?
Answer:
- The Nizams were suspicious of private schools that they would become centers for propagation of anti-Nizam ideas.
- They discouraged the setting up of private Telugu medium schools and did not allow those students to join Osmania University.
- As a result, even by 1941, only 9.3% people of the state were literate, in contrast to other princely states of Travancore, Baroda, and Mysore which had high literacy rates.
Question 2.
Describe the activities of the Andhra Maha Sabha to the promotion of education. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Andhra Maha Sabha and the Library Movement:
- The Andhra Maha Sabha (AMS) was formed in 1930 by Madapati Hanumanta Rao and Ravi Narayana Reddy etc.
- Its initial objectives were more educational facilities. They requested the government to establish schools and redress the grievances of the people.
- Libraries and cultural centers were established even in remote villages.
- Peasants and labouring people came to learn to read, listen to newspapers, and discuss current topics and their problems with the Nizam government and doras.
- Night classes and discussions were held in these centers.
- People read books by social reformers like Veeresalingam and nationalists like Gandhiji, Nehru, etc.
- They also wrote books on local problems.
Editor of Golconda Patrika, Suravaram Pratapreddy inspired nationalistic fervor amongst the people.
Question 3.
What were the demands of the Hyderabad State Congress and how many of them were fulfilled after 1948? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The State Congress demanded that
- Fundamental rights should be conferred upon the people.
- Circulars restricting the freedom of speech, association, press, religious processions, etc., can be cancelled immediately.
- Laws for the state should be made by elected representatives and not the Nizam. All the demands of the Hyderabad State Congress were fulfilled after 1948 when the Constitution of India came into force in 1950.
Question 4.
Do you think that the Telangana Armed struggle helped to end the rule of the Nizam? Give your reasons. (Reading the text (given), understanding and interpretation)
Answer:
Telangana Armed Struggle contributed its bit to put an end to the Nizam rule.
- It transformed into a broad anti-Nizam and anti-feudal struggle demanding the merging of Hyderabad with independent India.
- After India attained independence, the Razakars who were volunteers set up by Muslim enthusiasts started attacking the political movement that was for the integration of the Hyderabad into Indian union.
- In 1948 the independent Indian government took action and merged Hyderabad with India.
Question 5.
Read the paragraphs under the heading ‘Feudal System of the State’ and answer the following:
Feudal system of the state
The Nizarns were initially provincial governors of the Mughal emperors. They ruled with the help of hereditary jagirdars and subordinate kings. Jagirdars were given control of dozens and even hundreds of villages which they ruled as they desired and collected taxes from the people. The rest of the kingdom was ruled directly by the Nizam with the help of’ doras’ about whom you read in an earlier chapter.
The Nizams wanted to retain the old system in which the king and his nobles controlled all resources and ruled as they willed. They did not allow any democratic system like local bodies or legislatures. The Nizams opposed the Congress-led nationalist movement and passed several ‘firmans or royal orders curtailing political activity in the state. They had a network of police and spies who kept a close watch on people.
Do you support the Feudal system of the Nizams? Why? (Reading the text (given), understanding and interpretation)
Answer:
I do not support the feudal system of the Nizams because they ruled with the help of jagirdars and subordinate kings. Jagirdars were given the power to rule hundreds of villages which they ruled as they desire and collected taxes from people. They controlled all resources and did not allow any democratic system like local bodies or legislatures. They also opposed the Congress-led Nationalist movement, Hence, I prefer democratic system to feudal system of Nizams.
Question 6.
Many movements were led against the rulers in the past. Do you find any movements taken up nowadays? If yes, what are they? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
There are many protests against the government taking place even today. Protests are going on regarding the safety of women in Delhi, decreasing the petrol and diesel prices, nudity in movies, commodity prices etc.
Question 7.
What questions would you ask the librarian to know about the library of your area? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
- Who founded the library?
- What is the, aim behind starting the library?
- How were the funds collected to maintain the library?
- What were the newspapers and magazines received earlier by the library?
- What is the condition of the books donated to or purchased by library? Are they preserved carefully?
- What is the condition of library as present. Is there any assistance from the government?
Question 8.
locate the following places of Nizam’s rule in the India map. (Mapping skills)
a) Aurangabad
b) Warangal
c) RaKhur
d) Gulbarga
e) Hyderabad
f) Khammam
Answer:
Question 9.
Collect the pictures of leaders of the Telangana Armed Struggle.
Answer:
InText Questions
Textbook Page No:140
Question 1.
Do you think the problems faced by the people of Hyderabad state were in some ways different from those faced by people living in British ruled states (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The problems faced by the people of Hyderabad state were in no way different from those faced by living in British ruled states. Both the reigns did not support democratic and imposed their rules on the innocent public because of which the people had to suffer a lot.
Question 2.
Was there any difference between the attitude of the British and the Nizams when it came to democracy’ (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
There was no difference between the attitude of the British and the Nizams towards the democracy, l3oth of them did not support the democratic form of government and wanted to continue their rule.
Text Book Page No. 142
Question 3.
What are the languages spoken in your area? (Reflection on contemporary issues and questioning)
Answer:
Telugu, Hindi, Urdu, English. Marathi, Gujarati, Tamil, and Bengali languages are spoken in m area.
Question 4.
What Is the medium of teaching in schools and colleges today in our state? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
There are Urdu, Telugu, and English mediums of teaching in schools and colleges in our state.
Question 5.
Do you think all teaching should be done in one’s mother tongue? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
I do not support the view that all teaching should be done in one’s mother tongue. The student should have an exposure to different languages and should try to learn as many languages as possible in order to understand the different cultures of people around the world.
Question 6.
Why do you think is it important to publish books in mother tongue’ (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The English language is colonizing the world. Because of an accelerating influence, the English language has come to be a threat towards our regional languages and our culture. Several linguists already predict that the English language will be the dominating language in India within a few generations.
By then, it will not also be the language that is dominating, but also the culture it brings with it. Hence, it is important to publish books in mother tongues so that languages don’t die.
Question 7.
Is there a public library in your village or locality? (Information skills)
Answer:
Yes. A public library called Kaloji Memorial Library is located in my city Warangal.
Question 8.
If you have ever been to a public library, describe what happens there in your class. (Information skills)
Answer:
I visited the public library, Kaloji Memorial Library, on Sunday along with my father, As entered the library, I saw that there was a large room in which shelves filled with books were available. There were many tables and chairs placed in the room for people to sit and read comfortably.
There were books on different subjects which were placed in chronological order. I saw that there were books about history, geography, economics, biographies, autobiographies, novels, art, culture, science, mathematics, languages, encyclopedias, biology, computers, etc.
There were newspapers available in different languages. There was a librarian who helped people in giving them the books they needed. My father took a book about history and I selected a book on computers. There was pin-drop silence maintained in the library by the people in order to avoid disturbance to the readers.
I and my father read the books for quite some time. Later we registered our names in the library and look the books along with us to home for a period of seven days. I enjoyed my experience at the library and promise to visit it every week.
Question 9.
Why do you think the libraries became the Centres of anti-Nizam and anti-landlord movements? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The libraries became the centers of anti-Niani and anti-landlord movements because they became the centers of radical thinking. People became educated and learnt to stand up for their rights and not tolerate the insignificant rules of the Nizam rule and landlords.
Question 10.
Why do you think were the Nizams and Jagirdars were not in favour of Telugu medium schools?
Answer:
The Nizam were suspicious that Telugu medium schools would become centers for propagation of anti-Nizam ideas. Hence they discouraged setting up of Telugu medium schools and did not allow those students to join Osmania University.
Text Book Page No. 144
Question 11.
Find out more about the song- Vandmataram. (information skills)
Answer:
Vandemataram (“1 bow to thee, Mother”) is a poem from Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay’s 1882 novel Anandamath. It was written in Bengali and Sanskrit.
1. It is a hymn to the Mother Land. It played a vital role in the Indian independence
movement, first sung in a political context by Rabindranath Tagore at the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress.
2. In 1950 (after India’s independence), the song’s first two vets were given the official status of the “national song” of the Republic of India, distinct from the national anthem of India, Jana Gana Mana.
The translation of the song is given below:
I show gratitude to thee, Mother, richly-watered, richly-fruited, cool with the winds of the south, dark with the crops of the harvests, The Mother Her nights rejoicing in the glory of the moonlight, her lands clothed beautifully with her trees in flowering bloom, sweet of laughter, sweet of speech, The Mother, giver of boons, giver of bliss.
Question 12.
Find out about the life of Swami Ramananda theertha. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Swami Ramananda Tirtha (1903-1972), was an Indian Freedom fighter, educator and social activist who led the Hyderabad liberation struggle, during the reign of the last Nizam, He was the main leader of the Hyderabad State Congress.
Life of Swami Ramananda Tirtha.
1. Swami Ramananda Tirtha fought the Nizam after the Congress party established its wing in 1938.
2. He participated in Satvagrahas and was imprisoned for 111 days by the last Nizam. He created a revolutionary movement which helped Hyderabad to integrate with the Indian Union in 1948. The integration was successful after The Hyderabad Police Action.
3. Swamiji had communist leanings initially but later on became a Hindu sanyasi (monk). His original name was Venkatesh Bhagvanrav Khedgikar.
4. He was given the name “Swami Ramanand Tirtha’ after taking the Snyas initiation of accepting voluntary bachelorship for rest of his life. He took Sanyas at the villages of Hipparge Raya, Taluka- Lohara, and the District of Osmanabad.
5. He started first the National School (Rashtriva Shala) at Hipparge Raya, lie worked as a teacher in Ausa in Latur district.
Question 13.
What role do you think was played by the AMS in making the Telangana Armed Struggle possible? (Appreciation and Sensitivity)
Answer:
The Communists working in AMS and Kisan Sabhas finally captured the AMS in 1946.
- They have given a radical programme against pretty and put forward the demand of land to the tillers. The AMSse’ up village level branches which were known as ‘Sangham’.
- The main aim of the Sangharns was to draw all sections of the rural society into struggle against the ‘doras’ arid the Nizam’.
- The .anghwns became active to resist the harassment of landlords towards peasants which led to the famous Telangana Armed struggle.
- The Sanghams built squads of armed fighters and drove away the zamindars.
Question 14.
Was Telangana Armed Struggle only for removal of the grievances of the peasants or did it have other aims? (Conceptual understanding.)
Answer:
The Telangana Armed Struggle was transformed into anti-Nizain and anti-feudal struggle demanding merging of Hyderabad with independent India, Later the demand was raised to merge Telangar’ia with other Telugu-speaking regions to create Vishal Andhra.
Question 15.
Why do you think did the doras, were Hindus, help the Razakars? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The Razakars attacked the Muslim intelligentsia who were fighting for democratic political setup in the state. They also fought the peasant saughams of Telangana and the communist militants. Hence they were supported by the Doras.
Question 16.
Why do you think was the Nizam allowed to retain power even after the merger? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The Nizam was allowed to continue as the ruler even after the merger till the transition to a democratic setup was complete.
Question 17.
Why do you think did the Nizam agreed to pass the firmans abolishing the feudal system? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The Nizani was forced to abolish the feudal system and initiate democratic processes of elections, He had to act on the advice of the Government of India’s officials.
Question 18.
Why do you think the Nizam’s rule ended on 26 January 1950? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
As the Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950, India became republic, and democratic processes of elections commenced. Hence, the Nizam’s rule came to an end.
Additional Questions
Reading the Text (given), understanding and interpretation
A) In 1938, seeing the rising tide of, nationalism in Hyderabitut, the Nizam, banned the singing of Vandemataram’ the popular nationalist song. this caused a mass reaction and students in schools and colleges took port in agitations singing that song. The Nizam responded hi closing down tire colleges forcing many students to go to other states to continue their studies.
Read the above paragraph “In 1938 seeing …………. continue their studies” and answer the following question.
What do you know about “Vande mataram song” and movement?
Answer:
‘Vandemataram’ a patriotic song written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya swadeshi and boycott movements were started with a view to end the portion of Bengal. This movement helped to promote Indian industries and strengthen the Nation, economically. It also developed patriotism among Indians.
B) Read the box item ‘Women in the Telangana Struggle in page no. 148. What would be the reason for the women’s participation in the Telangana movement’ Explain in your own words?
Women in the TeIangpa Struggle:
Women suffered must under the rule of Nizanrs and doras, They were constantly harassed. They not only had to work for the landlords but also to serve the visiting officials.
Many women were made slaves of the landlords. Such women attended the night schools of Andhra Maha Sabha and decided to join the Saughams and the Communist Party. Some of them took arms and fought the Razakars, some of them sang songs and inspired people, some of them acted as doctors and nurses. But they had to make supreme sacrifices for the sake of the movement. Read below an interview given by one such woman:
“My name is Kammalamma. I come from the village in Manukota Taluqa. Ours was a bonded labour family… My mother reas a slave in the house of some landlords… My father died when I was fifteen. The Telangana struggle had started then.
The dorasani wanted to send my sister as a slave to one of her daughters … The dorasani used to beat my husband. That was the life of a bonded labourer, graze buffaloes, collect dung, one had to do everything. They even used him as a goonda. Unable to bear the Ira the in these landlord’s houses we came into the struggle…
First my brother became a squad commander. My husband and I also joined the Communist Party… My work was in the cultural squad. My voice was good; I used to sing songs, and travel to several places… We worked in the forest and helped the Koya tribal women… I was also in a hospital center and learned first aid and to give injections… then my son was born in the forest…… Then the comrades told me, ‘The boy will cry and all of us will get caught because of This child.
You give him away to someone or leave him somewhere ……’ But no one would take him. I walked for two days and left him with a coal miner… After that, neither my body nor my mind stayed in my control. There was one torrent of tears from eyes to the earth…”
Answer:
- Women suffered most under the rule of Nizams, Doras and the Razakars – the military force of Nizam.
- Women were seen as slaves and had no rights.
- Women were forced to work right from dawn to dusk like bonded labourers – grazing cattle, collecting dung, household works.
- They were ill-treated before their husbands.
- Women were tortured physically.
Unable to bear this torture they joined the Telangana movement which appeared as a ray of hope with its activities.
Information Skills
A) “The Nizam rulers of Hyderabad state were Muslims who spoke Deccani Urdu. However, the majority of the
people of the state were Hindus who spoke Telugu, Kannada and Marathi. Urdu was the official language and more titan 90% of all high officials Muslims. Urdu was the medium of instruction from primary school to the university. Even technical textbooks were translated and made available in Urdu.’ Read the above paragraph and answer the following questions.
1. Who were the rulers of Hyderabad?
Answer:
The Nizam rulers.
2. What language spoken by the Nizams?
Answer:
Deccani Urdu.
3. How much percentage of high officials were Muslims?
Answer:
90%
4. What is the medium of instruction from primary school to the University?
Answer:
Urdu.
B) “When india became’ independent in 1947, Osman Ali Khan, the Nizam wanted Hyderabad to remain as an independent kingdom. The common people of the state trained to join Independent India and a large campaign was organized by the Hyderabad State Congress led by Ramananda Theertha. The Razakars attacked them too.
Then the Indian government decided to end this anarchy and sent armed forces to Hyderabad. Hyderabad
was finally integrated into Indian Union in September 1948. The Nizam, however, has asked by the government of India to continue as the ruler till the transition to democratic setup was complete. The Nizam was forced to abolish the feudal system and initiate democratic processes of elections.
When the Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950, the Nizam rule came to an end but Osman All Khan continued to be the Rajprainukh of Hyderabad (head of the state).”
Read the above paragraph and answer the following questions.
1. When did India become Independent?
Answer:
‘1947.
2. Who wanted Hyderabad to remain as an Independent?
Answer:
Osman Ah Khan, the Nizam.
3. Who was organiser of Hyderabad State Congress?
Answer:
Ramananda Theertha.
4. When did Indian Constitution come into force?
Answer:
26, January 1950.
Mapping Skills
Question 1.
Observe the map of the Hyderabad state in the chapter. Compare this with that of our present state. Write the differences.
Answer:
Differences.
| Map of old Hyderabad | Map of Telangana |
| 1) Raichur, Gulbarga, Nanded, Aurangabad, Bidar, Parbhani, Bir etc., were part of Hyderabad State. | 1) Raichur, Gulbarga, Nanded, Aurangabad, Bidar, Parbhani, Bir, etc., were not part of Telangana at present. Telangana was formed in June 2, 2014. |
| 2) In Hyderabad State people used to speak Kannada, Telugu, Marathi, Deccan and Urdu languages. | 2) We can see people speaking all Indian languages. |
Question 2.
You have learnt about the role played by ‘Andhra Maha Sabha’ in the spread of education in our state before independence. What can be done by the students to spread the education nowadays? (Appreciation and Sensitivity)
Answer:
- Night classes and discussions are to be held telling the importance of literacy and education.
- Daily newspapers are to be read and they are be analysed to illiterate people.
- Awareness is to be created on the injustice, corruption and the peoples rights and duties. importance of Right to Information Act is to be emphasized
- Establishing libraries, cultural centers is to be encouraged. The people are to be motivated to participate in different folk arts.
- The ill effects of social evils, superstitions arc to be clearly explained. The welfare schemes implemented by the government, the changes in agricultural sector and the need to be educated to get benefits from these are to be clearly taught.
One Mark Questions
Question 1.
Expand A.M.S.
Answer:
Andhra Maha Sabha.
Question 2.
Who was the leader of Hyderabad State Congress?
Answer:
Swami Ramananda Teertha.
Question 3.
What was the official language of Nizam State?
Answer:
Urdu.
Question 4.
Who were the founders of Andhra Jana Sangham
Answer:
1. Madapati Hanumantha Rao,
2. Ravi Narayana Reddy.
Question 5.
Who was the editor of Golconda Patrika?
Answer:
Suravaram Pratapa Reddy.
Question 6.
What was literacy rate of Nizam State in 1941 1
Answer:
9.3%
Question 7.
When did the Nizam banned singing Vandernataram?
Answer:
1938.
Question 8.
When did Sil Krishnadevaraya established Andhra Bhasha Nilayam?
Answer:
1901.
Question 9.
Who were the majority people of Nizam State
Answer:
Hindus.
Question 10.
What was the official language of Nizam State?
Answer:
Urdu.
Objective Type Questions
Question 1.
Which language was the official language of Muslims? ( )
A) Urdu
B) Kannada
C) Marathi
D) Telugu
Answer:
A) Urdu
Question 2.
Andhra Maha Sabha (AMS) was formed in the year ( )
A) 1924
B) 1930
C) 1921
D) 1901
Answer:
B) 1930
Question 3.
Hyderabad state congress was formed In the year. ( )
A) 1938
B) 1929
C) 1942
D) 1920
Answer:
A) 1938
Question 4.
The State Congress started satyagraha in tune with the national Quit India Movement in ( )
A) 1941
B) 1942
C) 1943
D) 1947
Answer:
B) 1942
Question 5.
Hyderabad was merged with India by independent Indian Government in the year ( )
A) 1945
B) 1946
C) 1947
D) 1948
Answer:
D) 1948
Question 6.
The Rajpramukh was replaced by a ……………… appointed by the President of India. ( )
A) Governor
B) Chief Minister
C) Prime Minister
D) Member of Parliament
Answer:
A) Governor
Question 7.
………………….. received the support of Doras and Feudalists ( )
A) Hyderabad State Congress
B) Indian National Congress
C) Rajakars
D) Muslim League
Answer:
C) Rajakars
Question 8.
Find the correctly matched pair of words. ( )
i) 1857 revolt – Meerut
ii) lord Curzon – JalianWala Bagh Massacre
iii) Dyarchy -1919 Act
iv) Subhash Chandrabose – Do or Die
A) i, iv
B) ii, iii
C) i, iii
D) ii, iv
Answer:
C) i, iii
Question 9.
Mulla Abdul Qayyum of …………….. became great champion of the congress ( )
A) Hyderabad
B) Karnataka
C) Delhi
D) Goa
Answer:
A) Hyderabad
Question 10.
The ………….. received the support of Doras and Feudalists ( )
A) Indian National Congress
B) Muslim League
C) Hyderabad State Congress
D) Rajakars
Answer:
D) Rajakars
Question 11.
In ……………… year Andhra Maha Sabha formed ( )
A) 1929
B) 1930
C) 1931
D) 1932
Answer:
B) 1930
Question 12.
Nizam’s rule ended In Hyderabad on …………………. . ( )
A) 15th August 1947
B) 24th August 1947
C) 26th December 1950
D) 26th January 1950
Answer:
A) 15th August 1947
Question 13.
In ………………. year Hyderabad State Congress was formed. ( )
A) 1938
B) 1939
C) 1940
D) 1941
Answer:
A) 1938
Question 14.
The period of Telangana Armed Struggle …………………. . ( )
A) 1945-1954
B) 1946-1951
C) 1947-1952
D) 1948-1953
Answer:
B) 1946-1951
Question 15.
When India became Independent in 1947 ……………….. was Nizam of Hyderabad ( )
A) Syed Mohammad Sadulla
B) D.P. Mittal Khan
C) KM. Munshi
D) Osman Ali Khan
Answer:
D) Osman Ali Khan
Question 16.
…………………. was the first Chief Minister of Hyderabad ( )
A) Raja Gopala Chan
B) Nelam Sarijeeva Reddy
C) Burgula Rama Krishna Rao
D) Prakasam Pantulu
Answer:
B) Nelam Sarijeeva Reddy
Question 17.
The Great Home Minister who made Hyderabad join India ( )
A) Ravi Narayana Reddy
B) Vallabhbai Patel
C) Jawaharlal Nehru
D) Burgula Ramakrishna Rao
Answer:
A) Ravi Narayana Reddy
Question 18.
The lady who resisted the landlord from taking over her land ( )
A) Katta Settemma
B) Manukota Kanakamma
C) Chakali Ilamma
D) Durgabai Deshmukh
Answer:
C) Chakali Ilamma
Question 19.
Choose the correct matching ( )
i) Golkunda Patrika a) Popular nationalist song
ii) Vandemataram b) Komarraju Lakshmana Rao
iii) Krishnadevaraya Andhra Bhasha Nilayam c) Suravaram Pratapareddy
A) i-a, ii-b, iii-c
B) i-b, ii-c, iii-a
C) i-c, ii-a, iii-b
D) i-c, ii-b, iii-a
Answer:
C) i-c, ii-a, iii-b
Question 20.
The designer of Nizam Sagar and Ali sagar ( )
A) Dr. K.L Rao
B) Burugula
C) Visweswarayya
D) Ravichethu Ranga Rao
Answer:
A) Dr. K.L Rao