TS 8th Class Physical Science Important Questions 7th Lesson Coal and Petroleum

These TS 8th Class Physical Science Important Questions 7th Lesson Coal and Petroleum will help the students to improve their time and approach.

TS 8th Class Physical Science Important Questions 7th Lesson Coal and Petroleum

Question 1.
What are the uses of petrochemicals ¡n our daily life?
Answer:

1. The useful substances which are obtained from petroleum and natural gas are
   called petrochemicals.
2. These are used in manufacture of detergents, fibres like polyester, nylon, acrylic and polyethene etc.
3. Petrochemicals are now used in all walks of life. In agricultural sector, used in manufacture of plastic tubes, case, baskets, fertilizers etc.
4. In industrial sector used in cars, motor boats, communication devices, construction materials, paper industry, tyres etc.
5. In domestic sector used in medical equipment, apparels like clothes, bedding, socks, furniture, paints, cosmetics, polishing liquids etc.

Question 2.
How are the material like glass, clay, wood, plastics and metals are obtained. Prepare a table?
Answer:
Table

Material	how it is obtained?
Class	By melting sand with other materials and then, cooling it rapidly
Clay	By mixing the mineral kaolinite with water
Wood	From dried-up trees
Plastics	From petrochemicals
Metals	From their respective ores

Exhaustible  and Inexhaustible Resources

Question 3.
Will the sources of material be available for all time to come?
Answer:

1. Some sources like air, water, sun be around for all time to come these are called renewable resources.
2. Sonic sources like coal, and petroleum can be exhausted by human activities. These are catted non-renewable resources.

Question 4.
Will we ever run out of air?
Answer:
No, we never run out of air, because air is renewable resource.

Question 5.
Will we ever run out of water?
Answer:
No, we never run out of water, because water is renewable resource.

Question 6.
Can these resources be exhausted by human activities?
Answer:
Air and water can not be exhautsed by human activities; since they are inexhaustible resources.

Question 7.
Do we have unlimited supply of coal and petroleum?
Answer:
No. We cannot have unlimited supply of coal and petroleum, since they are exhaustible resources.

Question 8.
What do you think will happen If all the forests were cut down and the wood was used for various purposes?
Answer:
If all the forests were cut down immediately this effects global warming, reduce biodiversity, soil erosion and degradation, flooding or droughts.

Question 9.
How long do you think it would take for to grow the forests again?
Answer:
There are many resources like trees which will get depleted if we don’t make judicious use of them. It would take thousands of years to grow again.

Question 10.
How long the fossil fuel like petroleum will be available? Is It inexhaustible?
Answer:
If we use up all of the petroleum, it is exhausted, because it is present in limited quantity in nature. Hence petroleum is not an inexhaustible resource.

Question 11.
Biodiesel an alternative fuel resource. Explain.
Answer:
Bio fuels are one of the major non-conventional energy resources. They are non-toxic” and renewable. Biodiesel is one of the bio fuel which is an alternative or additive fuel resources to the standard diesel fuel which we are using. It is made from the biological ingredients instead of petroleum or crude oil.

Biodiesel usually made from the plant oils or animal fat through a senes of chemical reactions. It is safe and can be used in diesel engines.(But biodiesel occupies more cultivate land which may lead to shortage for food production in future.)

Question 12.
Write the names of the coal obtained from the firewood and coal used In vehicles and factories.
Answer:

1. The coal obtained from the firewood is called charcoal.
2. The coal used in vehicles and factories are lignite, bituminous and anthracite coal.

Question 13.
Look at the figure and find the other uses of petroleum and its products. Fill in the table.

Answer:

Question 14.
List out some petrochemicals and their uses In various sectors. List how often you use products obtained from petrochemicals. Can you imagin spending a day without usîng petrochemical products? Can you imagin life loo years ago when we did not have all these?

Agricultural sector	Industrial sector	Domestic and other sectors
Plastic tubes, case, baskets, storing box,  cultivation parts, fertilizers	Cars, motor boats,  communication devices, construction materials, paper industry, belt and straps, tyres.	Medical equipments, appareis like clothes, bedding, socks, furniture,, paints,  washing liquids, road,fibre,  cosmetics, medicines, polishing liquids etc.

Answer:
Petrochemicals products are very important to us in our daily life. We cannot spend even a day without these products. They were using in domestic sector, industrial sector and agricultural sectors. We cannot imagine life 100 years ago without these petto chemical products.

Question 15.
How are coal and petroleum formed?
Answer:

1. Coal was formed in areas where large amounts of dead bodies of both animals and plants buried under the soil on land.
2. This slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called carbonisation.
3. Petroleum was formed under the sea by the same process.

Question 16.
Why are coal and petroleum so versatile?
Answer:

1. Coal consists of mainly carbon while petroleum consists of a mixture of compounds called hydrocarbons.
2. These compounds make good starting materials for other compounds based on carbon, which are using in the modern era.
3. Hence coal and petroleum are so versatile.

Question 17.
Why does the price of petrol go up all the time?
Answer:

1. The price of anything depends on how much of it is available and how essential it is.
2. Petrol is an exhaustible resource. Today the consumption of petrol is increasing day by day.
3. Since the supply of petrol is limited, the price of petrol goes up all the time.

Question 18.
Can you give some more examples where energy or fuel resources are misused in our daily life?
Answer:
Lack of knowledge of resources and its significance leads to its misuse. Some examples, where we misuse energy or fuel resources in our daily life are

1. We use dryers in washing machines which consume electric energy, though we have abundant sunlight.
2. We use motorbikes even for small distances though we are able to walk those distances.

Question 19.
What are harmful effects caused during use of fuels?
Answer:

• Most of the harmful effects are due to our carelessness. For example, crude oil and refined fuel spills from tanker ship accidents have damaged natural ecosystem. This can kill sea birds, mammals, shellfish and other organisms.
• Burning fuels release carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, which causes climate changes and leads to global warming.
• Coal-fired wer plants emits mercury, selenium and arsenic which are harmful to human health and environment.
• Products from the coal and petrol can also harmful.
• Many paints are petroleum based with some toxic substances added, Long after we finish painting, they release toxic products in air. This can cause a various health problems including heart and lung damage nausea and dizziness.

Question 20.
Solve the following cross puzzle:
Answer:
Across
2. A fraction o petroleum which is used to run bike.
4. The region where natural gas is located in A.P.
5. A tough porous Hack substance obtained from coal.

Down
1. A petroleum consumer product which gives odour.
3. A company who explores petroleum crude oil throughout the country?

Diagrams:
1.

2.

Multiple choices questions

Question 1.
Least polluting fuel for vehicle is ( )
A) Petrol
B) Diesel
C) Kerosene
D) CNG
Answer:
D) CNG

Question 2.
Conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called ( )
A) Carbonisation
B) Distillation
C) Coal gas
D) Natural gas
Answer:
A) Carbonisation

Question 3.
Which of the following is a petrochemical? ( )
A) Ammonia
B) Coke
C) Polythene
D) Acetone
Answer:
A) Ammonia

Question 4.
A natural gas stored under high pressure is called ( )
A) CNG
B) LPG
C) KLG
D) PNG
Answer:
A) CNG