TS 6th Class Social Study Material 5th Lesson Penugolu – A Village on the Hills

Telangana SCERT TS 6th Class Social Study Material Pdf 5th Lesson Penugolu – A Village on the Hills Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 6th Class Social 5th Lesson Questions and Answers -Penugolu – A Village on the Hills

(Improve Your Learning)

Question 1.
What are the various ways in which the Koyas are dependent upon the forests around them? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Koyas grow crops in distinct way called ‘podu’, in this method they clear a patch of forest and burn it. They grow crops such as Jowar, maize, millets, etc. on their fields for a few years. The forest is a great storehouse of food for Konda Reddys. They collect various edible fruits, tubers, nuts, green leaves, honey, and bamboo shoots.

Question 2.
List out various means of living in a hill. (Information skills)
Answer:
i) One of the main forest products that is indispensable for the tribal people who live in hill areas is Bamboo. With the bamboo, they make baskets, winnowing fans. mats implements like digging sticks, bows, and arrows. They also sell the bamboo in the local markets.

ii) The tribal people have a very intimate knowledge or the forest and its products and use them effectively to supplement the food grown in the podu fields and in their kitchen gardens. They sell all these in weekly markets i.e. santha. With the money they earn by selling their products, they purchase their needs, clothes, and other requirements.

Question 3.
Why do the Koyas move from one hill to another for growing crops? (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
The Koyas move from one hill to another for growing crops because il they have to grow crops on the same field every year, then it loses its fertility.

Question 4.
Compare the nature of the fields in the three villages that you studied and bring out their similarities and differences. (Conceptual understanding)
Answer:
Penamakuru is in coastal plain region, Dokur is in plateau region and Penugolu is in bill region.

Similarities:
In these three regions earlier more priority had been given to food crops but now priority has been given to cash crops.
In these three regions vegetables such as beans, gourd, chilies, and pumpkin.

Differences:
The soil in coastal region is more fertile but in plateau region soil is not fertile and contains little humus or nutrients. Hill regions are suitable for podu cultivation only.
Adequate water resources are there in coastal region but in plateau region they have to depend on groundwater.’ Cultivation In hill region fully depends upon rainfall.

Question 5.
Read the various sub-headings in the last three chapters. Fill the following table with information regarding various aspects of the three villages. (Add more rows if necessary – write “no information” if you cannot find similar headings) (Information skills)
Answer:

Subheading/Headings Soils	Hill village	Plateau village – Erra nelalu and nalla nelalu	Plain village Fertile alluvial black soils
Crops	Jowar, maize, millets	Cotton, paddy ground nut	Paddy (Salva and Dalva)
Professions	Gathering forest products	Carpentry, metalwork rice milling	Animal rearing, basket weaving, pig rearing, and fishing
Transport	–	Road and Rail network	Road network
Rainfall	Scanity	Low rainfall	Abundant rainfall
Water Resources	Ponds and stream	Tanks and ponds	Canal

Question 6.
Your village/town is currently located in ………………… type of landform. Imagine that your village is located in a different type of landform and write about it. (Reflection on contemporary/ issues and questioning)
Answer:
Our village is in hill region in Bhadrachalam Forests. We have no water resources. We depend on rains. We adopt shifting cultivation. We remove forest and grow crops. After some time, we shift to other Forest area, clean it and again start cultivation. We face many problems like no road transportation. If our village k located on the banks of river Godavari like Manthani, we can have water all through the year. We can grow a number of crops. We can find makers also as Manthani is well connected to all Mayer towns.

(DISCUSSION)

Question 1.
What will happen, if there are no trees? Discuss its effects and our responsibility.
Answer:
frees arc the lifelines for humans. Living beings will suffer from lack of oxygen due to absence of trees.
Trees are taking in the carbon dioxide and giving out oxygen which is essential for humans. If there are no trees carbon dioxide content will increase leading to global warming. All living creatures are depending on plants for their food. It there are no trees, total environment cycle disturbs leading to final destruction of human race and all living creatures on this earth. It is our responsibility to grow more trees, stopping indiscriminate cutting of forest.

(Intext Questions)

Intext Page No. 39

Question 1.
Why do you think the area of podu has been reduced in recent years?
Answer:
The forest officials try to stop th podu cultivation. Due to felling of trees, and over-exploitation of the bamboos by the papermills which need daily supply of large quantities of bamboo, the forests are getting depleted constantly. I think these are causes.

Question 2.
Do you know of any other method of raising crops on slopes of hills?
Answer:
No. I don’t know any other method of raising crops on slopes of hills. Jhum cultivation (or) shifting cultivation is only suitable for hill regions.

Question 3.
In what way does the ash help In the growing of the crops?
Answer:
Ash Is also a fertiliser that helps in the growing of crops. It increases the soil fertility.

Question 4.
Do wild animals attack farms In your area too? What do people do to protect the crops?
Answer:
Yes, wild animals attack farmers, in our area too, but we take precautions to prevent wild animals such as arranging traps to catch wild animals and to arrange barbed fences round the farms.

Question 5.
Why do you think the Koyas do not use a plough to plough the land?
Answer:
Koyas do not use a plough to plough the land because the hill slopes is that this would loosen the soil too much. This would lead to easy runoff of the top soil during the rains.

Intext Page No. 40

Question 6.
What forest products do you eat Make a list.
Answer:
Honey, edible fruits, tubers, nuts, tamarind, and herbal leaves.

Question 7.
Have you collected any edible things from the forest? If so describe your experiences.
Answer:
Honey and fruits are the edible things we get from forest. Honey brought from Girjan Coop Society is very tasty.

Intext Page No. 41

Question 8.
How is the use of bamboo in tribal life different from that of the paper mill?
Answer:
Tribal people use bamboo too little to build houses, fences, to make baskets, winnows. chicken coops etc Compared with paper mills Paper mills collect bamboo from the forest abundantly, it increased slowly over last few years.

Question 9.
What similarities and differences do you think are there between the settlements in plateaus and hills?
Answer:
Hill people settlements are temporary but plateau people settlements are permanent. Hill people use bamboo to construct their houses but plateaus people use iron, land, and concrete to construct their houses.

Intext Page No. 42

Question 10.
We had discussed about the sustainability of agriculture in the plateau village. Compare the sustainability of livelihoods practiced by the people of the three villages.
Answer:
Plains are fertile. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people. It can sustain a large population easily and ideal for human habitation due to flat land.
In mountain regions, there will be little rainfall and the soils are very poor for farming. These soils have little humus or nutrients, have little capacity to hold water, Soudu soils in this region are not suitable for all the crops.
Hilly region provides fodder to cattle and contains forest cover. Podu is an ancient practice in this region. The forest Is a great storehouse of food for this region’s people.

Question 11.
What steps could be taken to ensure that the Koyas have a right to their way of life?
Answer:
Right to hold and live In the forest land under the individual or common occupation for habitation or for sell cultivation for livelihood by members or members of a forest dwelling tribals such as Koyas etc. Right of ownership to collect, use and dispose of minor forest produce within or outside village boundaries
To conserve the forests and at the same time ensuring livelihood and food security to the tribals.

(Addidonal Questions)

Question 1.
Penugolu village in Wazedu Mandal lies on hills that are on the banks of River Godavari. (See map 1) The community that live here are Koyas. Kova means “a good person living on the hills”. They speak Koya language and this community is spread out of the hills up to the adjoining slates surrounding them such as Odjsha. Chattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh. At the same time, many Koyas have migrated away from the hills and now live in Adilabad, Karimnagar. Warangal and some parts of East C.odavari. They do not anymore speak Koya language hut have adopted Telugu.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions.
1. Where it Penugolu village?
Answer:
Penugolu village is in Wazedu mandal he’s on hills that all on the banks of river Godavari.

2. Name the community live in Penugolu?
Answer:
Koyas.

3. What is meant by ‘Koya’?
Answer:
Koya means a good person living on the hills.

4. In which state Koya community is these?
Answer:
Odisha, Chattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh.

(MAPPING SKILLS )

A) Observe the map and answer the following questions.

1. Which district shown in the above map?
Answer:
Khammam district

2. Name two boundary districts of Khammam?
Answer:
Nalgonda and Warangal

3. What is the name of the waterfall shown in the map?
Answer:
Bogatha waterfall

4. In between Palwancha and Wyra, which city is there?
Answer:
Wyra.

5. Penugolu’ is in which direction from of Khammam?
Answer:
North.

B) Locate the following in given Telangana map.
A) Khammam
B) Nalgonda
C) Warangal Urban
D) Penugolu
E) Bhadrachalam
Answer:

(Two mark Questions)

Question 1.
Where is Penugolu village?
Answer:
Ponugolu village is in Wazedu mandai, Khammarn District.

Question 2.
What are the crops cultivated in Penugolu?
Answer:
lowar, maize, tubers, millets, seasamuTn, red gram, green gram and vegetables like brinjal chilies, gongura etc.

Question 3.
With what village people ol Penugolu construct their houses?
Answer:
Bamboo, mud and thatch.

Question 4.
What is known as Kodathala panduga?
Answer:
Peddala panduga

Question 5.
What is meant by Podu?
Answer:
Podu is a aditional farming in hilly regions. Shifting of agriculture from one place to another place is known as Pedu or Jhum cultivation.

Question 6.
Who is the natural god of the Penugolu village people?
Answer:
Muthyalamma Thalli.

Question 7.
In which Plateau Telangana is located?
Answer:
Deccan Plateau.

Question 8.
What is called as Bhimini panduga?
Answer:
The festival of Vippa poovu.

Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Telangana Plateau is a part of the plateau ( )
A) Deccan
B) Chotanagpur
C) Satpura
D) Siberia
Answer:
A) Deccan

Question 2.
Penugolu is in ………………. district ( )
A) Adilabiad
B) Khammam
C) Medak
D) Ranga Reddy
Answer:
B) Khammam

Question 3.
Shifting cultivation is done in this state ( )
A) Andhra Pradesh
B) Arunachal Pradesh
C) Chattisgarh
D) All of these
Answer:
B) Arunachal Pradesh

Question 4.
Bamboo is used in ……… industry ( )
A) iron and steel
B) Cement
C) paper
D) fertiliser
Answer:
C) paper

Question 5.
Kodathala Panduga is also known as ………………….. . ( )
A) Chinnala Panduga
B) Peddala Panduga
C) Chaduvula Panduga
D) Bhoomi Panduga
Answer:
B) Peddala Panduga

Question 6.
Yellanam padam means ………….. .( )
A) Bhumi Pooja
B) Akasa Pooja
C) Neeti Pooja
D) None of these
Answer:
A) Bhumi Pooja

Question 7.
Number of districts in Telangana
A) 9
B) 31
C) 11
D) 12
Answer:
None of the above

Question 8.
The koyas use their axes to clear patches of forest in the month of ………………… . ( )
A) January
B) June
C) May
D) December
Answer:
D) December