TS Class 7

TS Board Telangana SCERT Class 7 Science Solutions 3rd Lesson Silk-Wool Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 7th Class Science 3rd Lesson Questions and Answers Telangana – Silk-Wool

Question 1.
In sericulture industry do which stages of silkworm weavers buy? Why do they do so?
Answer:
Weavers buy cocoons kept in sealed bags, at the cocoon market.
The weavers obtain fibre from cocoon.

Question 2.
Which place in our state is called silk city’?
Answer:
Pochampally in Andhra Pradesh is called ‘silk city’.

Question 3.
Prepare a chart showing life cycle of silkworm and display that in the classroom.
Answer:

Question 4.
Why are cocoons stiffled?
Answer:
The cocoons have to be stiffled to kill the larva inside as otherwise, it will cut its way out after growing into a moth and spoil the cocoon.

Question 5.
What will happen if cocoon is not boiled?
Answer:
The phenomena of extracting silk from cocoon by killing the matured caterpillar or pupa in boiling water is called stiffling. If cocoons are not boiled, matured caterpillar inside the cocoon develops into moth and emerges out by destroying the entire cocoon. As a result all the silk in the cocoon is spoiled and finally it will not be useful for reeling. Therefore, cocoons are to be boiled by the process of stiffling.

Question 6.
What are the differences between fleece of Angora goat and camel?
Answer:
Angora goat lives in Kashmir. It has soft hair. Camel lives in Rajasthan. It has a rough and coarse hair.

Question 7.
Make a flow chart showing various stages of production of woollen fabric.
Answer:
Flow chart of different stages of making of woollen cloth.

Question 8.
In what way is knitting different from weaving ?
Answer:
1. For knitting woollen fabrics, needles are required. But all types of yarn whether wool or silk or cotton are woovon on handloorns and powerlooms.
2. Wool can be knit easily because it has a natura! bend or crimp on it.

Process of weaving on a handloom:

• Woollen threads are stretched from the top of the loom to the bottom.
• These are called warp threads.The threads that go side to side are called weft threads.
• A shuttle – like big needle takes the weft threads over and under the warp threads.
• One more important part of the loom is the harness.
• The harness lifts every other warp thread so that the weft threads go over one and under the next. Thus, a fabric is woven.

Question 9.
Prepare a scrap book with pictures ot clitterent wool yielding animals.
Answer:
Wool yielding animals:

Question 10.
Fill up the blank and give your reasons for the statement fabric protects us from cold.
Answer:
Woollen
Reason : Wool is a poor conductor of heat. Air trapped in between the woollen fibres and our body prevents the flow of heat from our body to our surroundings. So, we feel hot and protected from cold. Woollen cloth also helps to put out fire, by breaking contact between the fire and the air. If you are going to visit Dal lake at Kashmir which type of clothes would

Question 11.
If you are going to visit Dal lake at Kashmir which type of clothes would you like to keep in your luggage ? Why?
Answer:

• Kashmir is a very cold place. Sometimes, the temperature falls to below 0°C.
• So, we have to protect our body from severe cold waves.
• For this, we have to wear woollen clothes to warm up our body.
• So, we have to carry woollen clothes like sweaters, mufflers, hats, long coats etc., along with us, in our trip to Kashmir.

Question 12.
Do you find any similarities between silk and wool weaving ? What are they?
Answer:
All types of yarn whether silk or wool (or cotton) are woven in the same manner.

Process of weaving on a handloom:

• The threads (silk or wool) are stretched from the top of the loom to the bottom.
• These are called warp threads. The threads that go side to side are called weft threads.
• A shuttle – like big needle takes the weft threads over and under the warp threads.
• One more important part of the loom is the harness.
• The harness lifts every other warp thread so that the weft threads go over one and under the next. Thus a fabric is woven.

Question 13.
Write 5 differences between wool and silk manufacturing.
Answer:

• Fibres of silk and wool are obtained from animals.
• They are ‘natural fibres.’
  But they differ in their manufacturing from ‘fibre to fabric’.

They are as follows.

Wool manufacturing	Silk manufacturing
1. Wool is obtained from animals like sheep, goat, yak, llama, camel, alpaca etc.	1. Silk moth is like a butterfly. Its eggs are called ‘seeds’.
2. This wool is cleaned (scouring).	2. The eggs are hatched. They turn into very small worms (caterpillars).
3. Then ‘Wool Classing’ is done to get quality wool.	3. These silk worms build cocoons around them.
4. This wool is now bleached and dyed	4. Cocoons are stiffled.
5. The coloured wool fibres are then combed (carding wool).	5. Silk fibre is obtained from these cocoons (reeling process).
6. Then the wool is spinned into long threads.	6. This silk fibre is woven into silk fabrics.

Question 14.
Observe designs on silk sarees, trace them in your notebook and make your own designs.
Answer:
Students Activity.

Question 15.
In East India, silk is called pat. You may collect different pieces of silk fabric from a cloth store and write the names of the type of fabric and make a chart.
Answer:
Students Activity.

TS 7th Class Science 3rd Lesson Notes Silk-Wool

• Animal Fibres : Silk and wool fibres are obtained from animals like silk worms and sheep, goat, camel, yak etc., Animal fibres are natural fibres.
• Silkworm : Silkworm is an insect which is used in rearing of silk.
• Cocoon : A silky closed nest like structure made by the larva of silk moth is called cocoon.
• Mulberry : If the silk worms are fed Mulberry leaves, we get Mulberry silk.
• Sericulture : Rearing of silk worms and obtaining silk from them is called sericulture.
• Bombyx Mori : A type of an insect from which silk is obtained.
• Reeling : Separation of silk fibre from cocoon is called ‘reeling’.
• Fleece : The hair of animals is called wool (or) fleece or fur. This contains proteins.
• Shearing : Removing fleece from sheep, using razors is called, ‘shearing’.
• Scouring : Clearing of fleece with a stream of water is called scouring.
• Knitting : Woollen fabrics arc knitted, using a long needle and long threads of wool yarn. It is called, knitting.
• Bleaching : The process of cleaning the fibres before dying with colours.
• Weaving : Knitting is otherwise known as weaving.
• Dyeing : Dipping of fibres in the colours.
• Warp : Woollen threads are stretched from the top of loom to the bottom.
• Weft : The threads which go side to side.
• All clothes are made up of fibres. These are obtained from natural and , man-made sources.
• Natural sources of fibres are cotton, fufe, gongoora, coconut, silk and wool. Viese are obtained from plants and animals.
• Plant fibre is a carbohydrate while animal fibre is a protein.
• Egg, larva, pupa, adult moth are the stages in the life cycle of silk worm.
• In sen culture industry, eggs of silk moths are called ‘seeds. Silk moth is like a butterfly.
• The centres, where silk moths are sold, are called ‘Grinages’.
• The silk fibre is made up of two types of proteins, sirisine and fibroin ‘and is very strong.
• Pochumpally silk and Dharmavaram silk are famous types of silk produced by Andhra Pradesh.
• Pochampalli silk is also called ‘Tie and Die or ‘jamdani silk.
• Wool is obt ained from the hair of animals like sheep, goat, yak, lama, camel, alpaca etc.
• Angora goat or the Merino sheep have soft hair.
• During spring season, fleece of sheep is removed.
• Fleece is separated after ‘wool classing’ or ‘sorting’. Fleece is the soft mass of wool.

TS Board Telangana SCERT Class 7 Science Solutions 2nd Lesson Acids and Bases Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 7th Class Science 2nd Lesson Questions and Answers Telangana – Acids and Bases

Question 1.
The sting of a wasp is basic. How can we treat the sting of a wasp ?
Answer:
The sting of a wasp is treated with an acid, which neutralizes the basic nature of sting of wasp.

Question 2.
Why are acids not stored in a metal container ?
Answer:
If acids are stored in a metal container, acids react with metals and form a blue-green coloured compound which can damage the container. In turn food material in the metal container get spoiled.

Question 3.
Acidic, basic and neutral solutions are given in three test tubes and you are given a strip of red litmus. How will you identify the three solutions ?
Answer:
First the given red litmus is introduced in any one of the given test tubes, until it turns into blue, the solution is basic. Now we have blue litmus, it is introduced in any one of the remaining two test tubes until it turns red, the solution is acidic. The remaining solution is neutral.

Question 4.
When drops of lemon juice are put on blue litmus it turns red. What will happen if you put some drops of soap solution on the same position on litmus paper ?
Answer:

• Lemon juice is acidic. So blue litmus turns into red when drops of this juice are put on blue litmus.
• Soap solution is basic in nature. So when drops of soap solution are put on the same position of the litmus paper, the litmus paper slowly changes into blue colour.

Question 5.
What happens when nitric acid is added to egg shells ?
Answer:
When nitric acid is added to egg shells, carbondioxide gas is evolved.

Question 6.
Turmeric stains on white clothes, when washed with soap, turn red. Why ?
Answer:
Turmeric is a natural indicator, when turmeric stains on white clothes are washed with soap, due to the basic nature of soap, the yellow colour stains turn into red.

Question 7.
Ammonia is present in window cleaners. It turns red litmus into blue. What is its nature ?
Answer:
Ammonia is basic in nature. So it turns red litmus into blue.

Question 8.
What is the nature of urea ? Is it acidic, basic/neutral? How can we verify it ?
Answer:
The nature of urea is neutral. It has no effect on blue litmus and red litmus papers. So it is neutral. On the other hand, the solution may be a basic.

Question 9.
Red litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains red. What is the nature of the solution ? Explain your answer ?
Answer:
The given solution is neutral. Neutral solutions do not change the colour of blue or red litmus papers.

Question 10.
What is the effect of basic substances on turmeric paper ?
Answer:
Basic substances turn turmeric paper into Red.

Question 11.
Can flowers and turmeric papers also be called indicators ? why ?
Answer:
Flowers and turmeric papers are called natural indicators. Since they are natural products and help us to find whether the solution is acidic or basic or neutral, these are used as indicators.

Question 12.
Correct the statement if it is wrong.

a. Indicators show different colours in acidic and basic solutions.
Answer:
Wrong.
Correct statement : Indicators show only one characteristic colour in acidic and basic solutions.

b. Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red.
Answer:
Wrong.
Correct statement : Sodium hydroxide turns red litmus blue.

c. Tooth decay is caused by the presence of base.
Answer:
Wrong.
Correct statement : Tooth decay is caused by the presence of acid.

Question 13.
Take vinegar, lemon juice, soapy water, baking soda in different vessels. Put beetroot pieces in the vessels. Predict what happens. Verify your prediction by observing the changes. After 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes record your observations. What do you conclude ?
(or)
Write the results that you did and obtained through the mixing of these substances vinegar, lemon juice, soap water, balling soda with beetroot in different timings.
Answer:
Beet root is in purple colour

Beet root pieces change acidic substances into red and basic substances into yet low.
(or)
The following are our predictions.

S.No.	Acid	Base
1. 2.	Vinegar Lemon juice	Soap water Baking soda

Question 14.
Visit a doctor. Find out the medicines she prescribes to treat acidity. Ask her how acidity can be naturally prevented. Prepare a report.
Answer:
The medicines used to prevent acidity are.

• Gelusil
• ENO

Acidity can be naturally prevented by consuming more water, eating fibre containing food, taking liquid diet like juices, reducing fried food and spicy food.

Question 15.
Prepare violet cabbage juice by boiling a piece of cabbage in water. Use it as an indicatorand test acidic and basic solutions with it. Present your observations in the form of a table.
Answer:
The colour of violet cabbage juice is – Blue
i. Violet cabbage juice is prepared by boiling a piece of cabbage in water,
ii. It changes into green in basic medium and violet in acidic solution.

• Lemon juice and tamarind juice changes violet cabbage juice into violet colour.
• Soap solution and lime water change violet cabbage juice to green colour.

Question 16.
Collect different flowers and prepare their natural indicators with the help of filter papers.
Answer:
We can prepare natural indicators by collecting filter paper indicators using petals of hibiscus, Oleander etc.

Question 17.
Test the nature of lemon juice and milk sample with the help of natural indicators prepared from different flowers. Explain their nature.
Answer:

• The petals of Hibiscus are taken as natural indicator.
• Their colour changed to red colour when tested with lemon juice.
• This indicates that lemon juice is an acid.

Question 18.
How do you feel about the nature ? Is it a big natural laboratory that contains innumerable indicators.
Answer:
The nature is a wonderful natural laboratory which contains innumerable indicators like turmeric, beet root, red cabbage, oleander, hibiscus etc. We can find acids in citrus fruits, vegetables etc., bases in lime water and salts in seas and oceans. So, we can say nature is a big laboratory.

Question 19.
Choose the correct answer.

a. To protect tooth decay we are advised to brush our teeth regularly. The nature of the tooth paste commonly used is ( )
i. Acidic
ii. Neutral
iii. Basic
iv. Baking soda
Answer:
iii. Basic

b. Which of the following is acidic in nature ? (  )
i. Lemon juice
ii. Baking soda
iii. Lime water
iv. Antacid
Answer:
i. Lemon juice

Question 20.
Match the following :

a) Lactic acid (  ) 1) Tomato
b) Acetic acid (  ) 2) Lemon
c) Citric acid (  ) 3) Vinegar
d) Oxalic acid (  ) 4) Curd
Answer:
a – 4, b – 3, c – 2, d – 1

Question 21.
Why industrial wastes are neutralised before releasing into water ?
Answer:
The industries release harmful chemical wastes during their production. When released into the water without proper treatment, these chemical substances polute water. Hence the industrial wastes are to be neutralised removing the harmful chemicals.

Tables And Activities Given In The Lesson

Question 1.
Write the names of food substances that you know in the appropriate column, based on their taste :
Answer:

Let us do – 2.

Question 2.
Test the substances mentioned below with natural indicitors and observe the change in colour. Write the changed colour in the table.
(or)
Write the changed colours you observed while doing the tests with the material and indicators given below.

Let us do – 3

Question 3.
Take solutions of some juices of fruits, vegetables, cold drinks and various solutions and test them with blue and red litmus papers. List out results in the table, by marking (✓) in the relevant column.
(or)
Write the results observed by you while doing the experiments with litmus papers (red and blue) on various available material.
Answer:

Let us do – 4

Question 4.
Classify the above substances into the following categories from the above observations.
(or)
Classify some domestic material based on their acidic, basic and neutral conditions. Tabulate the information.
Answer:

Acidic substance	Basic substance	Neutral substance
Orange	Shampoo	Mineral water
Tomato	Washing soda	Salt water
Vinegar	Bathing soap	Sugar
Spirit	Detergent soap

 

Acidic substance	Basic substance	Neutral substance
Saliva	Lime water
Cucumber	Baking soda
Ridge gourd	Sodium carbonate
Kheera
Buttermilk
Milk
Cold drink
Lemon juice
Grape juice

Let us do – 6.

Question 5.
Take the substances that are given in table (3) and test them with phenolphthalein and methyl orange solutions. Record your observations in the following table.
(or)
Tabulate the observations and results made by you by testing various substances with the following indicators,
a. Phenolpthalein
b. Methyl orange
Answer:

Let us do – 9.

Question 6.
Test the following salt substances with red litmus and blue litmus papers. Record your observations in the table.
Answer:

Salt substance	Effect on blue litmus paper	Effect on red  litmus paper
Copper sulphate	Red	–
Common salt	–	–
Sodium carbonate	–	Blue

Let us do – 10.

Question 7.
Classifying salts : Collect some salt substances with the help of your teacher, make their salt solutions. Test the salt solutions with blue litmus and red litmus papers. Classify these salts as per your observations in the given table.
Answer:

Acidic Salts	Basic Salts	Neutral Salts
Copper sulphate	Sodium carbonate	Sodium chloride

Question 8.
Why our sweat is like salt ?
Answer:
Our body needs many types of salts. We lose some salts through excretion. So sweat is salty.

TS 7th Class Science 2nd Lesson Notes Acids and Bases

• Indicator: The substances which can change colour when added to other substances are called indicators.
• Acid: The substances that turn blue litmus to red are acidic in nature.
• Base: The substances that are soapy to touch and turns red litmus to blue are basic in nature.
• Red litmus: The indicator that helps in recognition of base.
• Blue litmus: The indicator that helps in recognition of acid.
• Acidic substances: Substances with acidity.
• Basic substances: Substances with basicity.
• Neutral substance: Substances which have no effect on indication like litmus paper are known as “Neutral substance”.
• Indicators help us to find whether the solution is acidic or basic or neutral.
• Hibiscus, turmeric, rose paper etc are native  indicators,
• The acids present in plants and animals are called natural acids. Eg: Formic acid
• Acids react with metals like zinc, copper and liberates hydrogen gas.
• Acids react with pieces of marbles and liberates carbondioxide gas, which turns lime water into milky.
• Acid rains are the combination of carbonic acid, sulphuric acid and Nitric acid with rainwater.
• In the process of neutralization, both the acidic and basic qualifies are destroyed.
• Neutral solutions have no effect on indicators.
• Salts need not always be neutral, they can also be acidic or basic.
• Acids, bases and salts are very useful in our day-to-day life.
• If soil becomes acidity, bases like calcium hydroxide is mixed to the soil, for neutralization.

TS Board Telangana SCERT Class 7 Science Solutions 1st Lesson Food Components Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 7th Class Science 1st Lesson Questions and Answers Telangana – Food Components

Question 1.
Make a list of food items eaten during lunch by you. Try to mention the components in each food item.
Answer:
Let us imagine a student of Class VII had lunch with the following food menu.
1. Cooked rice
2. Vegetable curry (Brinjal and Tomato)
3. Soup (Rasam)
4. Curd rice.

• Cooked rice contains carbohydrates as an important component.
• Vegetable curry with brinjal and tomato provides us vitamins, minerals,fibres to our body. Oils also enter our body in the name of fats.
• Soup (Rasam) gives plenty of water, talimpu dinusulu and oils (fattyacids).
• Curd contains lactic acid, butter (fatty acids), water, minerals and proteins.

(Note : Students can frame their own items of lunch. This is only suggestive answer)

Question 2.
Manjula eats only bread and omelette daily. Do you think it is a balanced diet? Why? Why not?
Answer:
Manjula did not take balanced diet by consuming bread and omelette daily.
Because omelette is made of egg.
Egg contains proteins, minerals, few vitamins and fats.
Bread contains carbohydrates which give us energy.
Some of the necessary nutrients are added to body of Manjula in the name of balanced diet.
If milk or vegetable curries are added it will be called a complete balanced diet.

Question 3.
Make a list of food items that contain components of food.
Answer:
Food items and components.
‘✓’ represents presence of components, (-) absence of components

Question 4.
Who am I?
a. I am a component of food that makes a paper translucent.
Answer:
Oil or fatty acids are the components that make a paper translucent.

b. Put a drop of me on a cut potato, it turns black.
Answer:
Iodine turns cut piece of potato into blue or black.

Question 5.
Explain what will happen if we do not include roughage in our food?
Answer:
Roughages are a kind of complex carbohydrates which cannot be digested by our body. They are commonly called as fibres made of cellulose They help in free movement of food in the digestive tract. They prevent constipation or they help in free defecation.

Question 6.
Test the given food items and record type of component that are present in them.
Answer:
Test of ground nut:

A small quantity of ground nuts are taken. A paper is kept on the table.Groundnut seeds are peeled off and they are rubbed on the paper gently. Gradually the paper turns into translucent. It indicates the presence of oils in the ground nuts.

Cooked dal:

Little amount of cooked dal is taken into the test tube. Few drops of water is added to this mixture. 2% concentration of 2 drops of copper sulphate and 10% concentration of 10 drops of sodium hydroxide solution is also added. The entire preparation is shaken well. It is observed that dal mixture is changed into violet or purple colour. That confirms presence of proteins.

Pulusu:

Preparation of pachi pulusu is based on the adding of number of ingred lents. Some talimpu dinusulu, onion, garlic, tamarind, water, jeera, pepper and sometimes jaggery are also added. Therefore we can expect water, ruinerais certain vitamins from the pachi pulusu.

Question 7.
Draw some food items of your diet and explain why you like them.
Answer:
I like to have the food items which are drawn above.
Answer:
Importance of Idly :
The ingredients of idly are boiled rice, black gram. For chutney the ingredients are groundnut seeds, talimpu (oil, dry chilly and dinusulu). From boiled rice and black gram I can obtain carbohydrates and proteins respectively. From groundnut chutney I can obtain fats. So, three important nutrients are added to the body.

Egg : Egg posseses almost all macro and micro nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals), except 3 or 4 minerals and nutrients.

Milk : Milk is naturally called as complete balanced diet. In milk we can find all the necessary nutrients. Milk can be digested easily rather than any other food substance.

Question 8.
If you were invited to a party with many food items in the menu like rice, roti, pun, idly, dosa, samosa, dal, green salad, vegetable curry, fruit chat, chicken curry, eggs, mutton curry; gulab jamun

a. What food items would come on to your plate to make your diet a balanced one?
b. What food items would you take plenty; adequately?
Answer:
a. I would like to receive the following food items to have balanced diet.
Idly, dosa, dal, green salad, mutton curry and fruit chat.

b. I would like to take the following a plenty and adequately.
Eggs, idly, mutton curry, green salad, and fruit chat.

Question 9.
How is water useful to our body?
Answer:

• Water is the most essential constituent of life,
• Life cannot exist without water. About 90% of water is present in protoplasm of body cells.
• Water is available to the body through three sources – drinking water, water stored in food and metabolic water.
• It is a universal solvent and is a medium for a number of life activities.
• It helps in the transport of substances from one part of the body to the other part.
• Water controls temparature

Question 10.
Fill in the blanks and give reasons: (Conceptual Understanding)

a. If our food is not balanced with proper nutrients we may
Answer:
become weak / main utritious persons
Reason: Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins are essential to our body.

b. Fibres in our diet prevent ……
Answer:
constipation
Reason: Easy movement of food, free digestion and free defecation is influenced by fibres.

c. Our daily diet should include plenty of
Answer:
water
Reason: Water is an essential component along with our food.

d. oils and fats give us ……
Answer:
energy
Reason: Fats generate energy. If our body is without carbohydrates fats help in giving energy.

Question 11.
Match the following:

Coloumn A — Coloumn B
1. Fibre (  ) — B) Energy giving
2. Protein (  ) — C) Bodybuilding
3. Carbohydrates (  ) — D) Bowel movement
Answer:
1 – C, 2 – B, 3 – A

Question 12.
Prepare a balanced diet chart with the help of your group and exhibit it in your class room science fair.
Answer:
I collected the components of balanced diet for men, women and children with the help of my group. It is exhibited in the class room as given below. Components of balanced diet for rilen, women and children. Kach component in the table is measured in milligrams. (mg)

Question 13.
Prepare Kichidf with mother help all kinds of available vegetables, dais, nuts etc., Write a note on the process of making kichidi.
Answer:
Aim: To prepare kichidi using available ingredients.
Available ingredients: Vegetables, daIs, nuts, water, garlic, ginger, oil etc.

Process of making Kichidi :

• We have to add 2 glasses water for I glass of rice along with I glass of dat. The rice and dal are to be boiled.
• We have to fry some ginger, cloves, garlic, nuts, vegetables etc., in edible oil.
• The fried ginger, cloves, garlic, nuts, vegetables etc., are to be added to above cooked rice. Mix a pinch of salt now to the above rice and spicy items.
• Kichidi is ready.

Question 14.
Observe whether your mother cooks on a low or high flame. Discuss with your mother and find out the reason.
Answer:
My mother cooks food on a low flame of stove. I asked my mother and discussed the reason. She explained like following. When we cook food on a low flame the food in the dish boils slowly and completely. The low flame influences kill of bacteria and microbes in the food and change the raw chemical food into eatable dish.

TS 7th Class Science 1st Lesson Notes Food Components

• Carbohydrates : Food grains like rice, wheat, jowar, millets contain a lot of starch. They are called carbohydrates. They give us energy.
• Fibres : Fibres are the parts of plants that we eat but cannot digest. Fruits and vegetables are high in fibre content.
  Fibres help to keep us healthy by moving food quickly through our intestine.
• Balanced Diet : The food contains all the nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in proper proportions is called Balanced Diet.
• Proteins : We get proteins from black gram, yellow gram and other pulses. Proteins are called body building substances.
  Fats : Food items like curd, butter, ghee, oil, cream are called fats. The give energy and heat to our body.
• Constipation: The condition of having difficulty in getting rid of solid wastes from our body. Roughages or dietary fibres clean our food canal and prevent constipation.
• Vitamins : Vitamins are the important nutrients. They are present in fruits, vegetables, cereals, meat etc. They are required in smaller quantities.
• Minerals : Minerals are important chemical substances present in our diet. They help in body growth and functions.
• The founder of modern science of nu frit ion was Frenchman named Lavoiser.
• Food contains sonic components like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals.
• Even while sleeping, breath and circulation of blood in our body goes on. So we need energy while sleeping.
• We require different quantities of carbohydrates, proteins and fats according to age and need of individuals.
• All food items con fain all flic components of food. The amount of each component varies from one type of food to another.
• Water is also an essential component needed by our body.
• We must drink enough water. So that our body functions properly.
• Everyone requires a diet.