TS 7th Class Social Study Material 6th Lesson Africa

Telangana SCERT 7th Class Social Guide Pdf Telangana 6th Lesson Africa Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 7th Class Social 6th Lesson Questions and Answers – Africa

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Question 1.
From Europe, which sea does one have to cross to reach northern Africa?
Answer:
One has to cross the Mediterranean Sea to reach northern Africa from Europe.

Question 2.
State three difficulties that the Europeans faced in reaching the interior parts of Africa.
Answer:

• When Europeans tried to go inland, nianv African tribes came in direct conflict with them.
• While building their colonies in Africa, the Europeans continued to explore the interior of the continent and faced conflicts with Muslims also.
• Europeans reached Egypt through Red Sea, North African coast (Mediterranean coast) through Nile River. In these waterways also the’ faced so many difficulties.
• Sahara desert was also a great hurdle to the Europeans.

Question 3.
Name the two large deserts of Africa.
Answer:
The Sahara desert and the Kalahari desert.

Question 4.
a) The Zone between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn is the zone of climate.
Answer:
Hot climate (Tropic region).

b) The main vegetation of Savanna lands is
Answer:
Tall gras’. or elephant grass.

C) The two main rivers emptying themselves into the Atlantic Ocean are and
Answer:
Volta, Congo.

d) The regions in Africa to the north of the Tropic of Cancer and to the south of the Tropic of Capricorn are of climate.
Answer:
Warm as well as cool (Temperate zone)

Question 5.
Two political maps of Africa have been given in the chapter. Compare the two to find out which European country controlled the present-day countries of Nigeria and Zimbabwe.
Answer:
Britain. the European country once controlled the present-day countries of Nigeria and Zimbabwe.
Note: Nigeria and Zimbabwe are independent countries now.

Question 6.
Name two countries of Africa where equatorial forests are found.
Answer:
Congo, Cameroon.

Question 7.
What goods did Europeans trade with Africa What kind of agricultural products did they promote for trade purposes?
Answer:

1. The gold, diamonds, copper and timber were the goods that Europeans traded with Africa.
2. The agricultural goods promoted by Europeans for trade purposes were tea, coffee, rubber and tobacco.

Question 8.
Who benefitted from the slave trade t Why did America need slaves?
Answer:

1. African tribal leaders benefitted from the slave trade.
2. In exchange for the slaves, the African tribal leaders accepted guns, iron objects, liquor and clothes.
3. In the 16th century, many Europeans began migrating to America and started cultivation there.
4. There was plenty of land in America, but not enough people to work on the fields.
5. It says to fulfil this need for additional working hands in America that the slave trade from Africa began.

Question 9.
How can you say that the slave trade is highly heinous?
Answer:

1. The slave trade was practised during the beginning of the modern history.
2. Taking Africans by the Europeans and selling them as slaves in American countries was slave trade.
3. They were forced to work in the house and industries.
4. Such heavy work is inhuman.
5. Hence we can say that the slave trade is highly heinous.

Question 10.
Read the last part of this lesson (Africa) and comment on it.
During the last century. African countries gained their independence from the control of European powers. New not ions came up with their own governments. Of course, name Europearn. are still .ettled in African countries. But surely the African people are acquiring control over their land. forests, lines, and agricultural production and benefiting from them.
Answer:

1. Most of the African countries have established their new governments.
2. But still, European powers have their control on the lands, forests, mines and agricultural production of Africa.
3. African people are slowly taking charge and control of the rules.
4. As everyone has right to enjoy their national resources and Africans should not be deprived of their rights.

Intext Questions

Text Book Page No. 59

Mapping Skills

Question 1.
Look for Arrica on the world map. Name the oceans that surround it. Which are its neighbouring continents?

1. Oceans:
a) To the North of Africa Mediterranean Sea.
b) To the South-Southern ocean.
c) To the East-Red Sea and the Indian Ocean.
d) To the West-the Atlantic Ocean.
2. The neighbouring continents of Africa are Europe and Asia.

Question 2.
Look at the map and answer the following questions.
Answer:

a) What is the average height of the narrow coastal plain?
Answer:
The average height of the narrow cìastal plain is 200-1000 Mts.

b) What is the height of a major portion of the plateau?
Answer:
The height of a major portion of the plateau is 100 Mts.

c) The height of the high plateaus in the south and east of Africa is
Answer:
The height of the high plateaus in the south and east of Africa is 1000 mts and above.

d) In the North are the …………………. mountains.
Answer:
Atlas mountains.

Question 3.
Identify two other lakes in Africa other than Like Victoria and write dawn their names.
Answer:
Lake Chad, Lake Rudolf, Lake Tanganyika. Lake Nyasa.

Question 2.
Look at the map and answer the following questions.
Answer:

Question 4.
Locate the following rivers on a map of Africa. Use the given to locate the countries of Africa. Which countries do the following rivers flow through, and which oceans do they empty themselves into?

Answer:

River	Countries	Ocean
Nile	Egypt, Sudan	Mediterranean sea
Niger	Guinea, Mali	Gulf of Guinea
Cango	Congo, Zaire	Atlantic ocean
Zambezi	Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique	Mozambique  Channel (Indian Ocean)

Text Book Page No. 60

Question 5.
Try to recognise the Tropic of Cancer on the wall map of Africa and label Map. To the south of the Equator ¡s the Tropic of Capricorn. Locate it and write its name in the correct place on the map.
Answer:

Question 6.
Does the Equator pass through the middle of any other continent?
Answer:
No, the Equator does not pass through the middle of any other continent.

Question 7.
Locate tropic region zone on the map of Africa, colour it and label it as the Tropic Region’. Colour the zone north of the Tropic of Cancer and south of the Tropical of
Capricorn in different colours.
Answer:

Text Book Page No. 62

Question 8.
Locale these arid iones in the given Map.
Answer:

Question 9.
Study the maps 2 and 4 and answer.
a) Zones of heavy rainfall have ……………….. vegetation.
Answer:
equatorial forest.

b) Zones of moderate rainfall have ……………….. vegetation.
Answer:
Savanna.

c) Zones of scanty rainfall have ………………… vegetation.
Answer:
desert.

Text Book Page No. 63

Question 10.
Look at the map and gue how European’. should have reached the northern coastal areas. How can one reach Africa from Europe? What sea has to be crossed to reach Africa?
Answer:
Europeans were familiar only with the northern coastal regions of Africa. They would go south direction to reach Africa from Europe crossing Mediterranean sea.

Question 11.
Look at the map to answer these questions.
a) How can one reach India from Africa? Which ocean has to be crossed?
Answer:
We can reach India in two ways.

1. Through Egypt. we can enter into South-West Asia and then we can reach to India.
2. From west coast we have to go around African peninsula, then enter into Indian Ocean and can reach to India.
3. We have to cross Indian ocean to reach India.

b) Are Asia and Africa connected by land?
Answer:
Yes, Asia and Africa are connected by land. Israel and Jordan of Asian continent are connected with Egypt of African continent.

Question 12.
Now look at the African coast. Do you see a broken coast or a smooth coastline?
Answer:
Yes, I have noticed a broken coastline at the African coast.

Question 13.
Do you find many bays and gulfs here, as in Europe? Name a bay and a gulf near Africa from Map 6.
Answer:
I found Gulf of Guinea, Walvis Bay and Maputo Bay in Africa like in Europe.

Mapping Skills

Text Book Page No. 64

Question 14.
Can you locate the countries that colonised Africa on a map of Europe?
Answer:

1. Belgium
2. Britain
3. France
4. Germany
5. Italy
6. Portugal
7. Spain

Question 15.
Which European countries colonised Sudan and Zaire?
Answer:
Sudan was colonized by Britain and Zaire was colonized by Belgium.

Text Book Page No. 65

Questions 16.
Can you point out any area of Africa which was not colonised?
Answer:
Ethiopia. Liberia.

Text Book Page No. 66

Question 17.
Activity: Familiarise yourself with the Countries of Africa, by colouring and labelling Map.
Answer:
Students Activity

Additional Questions

I. Two Marks Questions:

Question 1.
What is the highest peak in Africa?
Answer:
Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania was the highest peak in Africa.

Question 2.
What is the largest lake in Africa?
Answer:
Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa.

Question 3.
Which is known as the gift of Egypt?
Answer:
River Nile is known as the gift of Egypt.

Question 4.
Which part of the world is known as tropical zone?
Answer:
The zone that lies between the Tropic of cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn is known as “the tropical zone”.

Question 5.
Name the deserts of Africa.
Answer:
The Sahara and the Kalahari are the deserts located in Africa.

Question 6.
Who discovered sea to India?
Answer:
In 1498, a Portuguese sailor named Vasco-da-Gama discovered sea route to India.

Question 7.
People of which country were enslaved?
Answer:
the people from the coastal areas of Guinea, as well as caste Africa, were enslaved.

Question 8.
When were the slaves given freedom in America?
Answer:
In 1860 the slaves were given freedom in America.

Question 9.
Name the African countries that are rich with copper mines.
Answer:
Zambia and Zimbabwe have priceless mines of copper.

Question 10.
Name the countries that colonized Africa.
Answer:
The Great Britain, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain etc. colonized Africa.

II. Long Answer Questions:

Question 1.
Write about the climate of Africa.
Answer:

1. The zone between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn experience a hot climate. There is hard is any winter here.
2. The region, to the South of Tropic of Capricorn and to the North of Tropic of Cancer, is temperate zone. These region experience winter and summer.
3. The regions on the both sides of the equator receives heavy rainfall.
4. Temperate regions receive moderate rainfall
5. Almost half of the northern part of Africa and the South-West part of Africa is an arid zone that is no rainfall for several years.

Question 2.
Write about the people of Africa.
Answer:

1. People with different languages, lifestyles and habits live in different regions of Africa.
2. Hunting, gathering, animal husbandry and agriculture are their main occupations.
3. Hunters have inhabited in equatorial and desert regions.
4. Pastoralists inhabited the high plateaus of Savanna.
5. Agriculture has been carried out on river banks as well as on the margins of forests.

Reading the text (given), understanding and interpretation

In the 16th century, many Europeans began migrating to America and started cultivation there. There was plenty of land in America, but not enough people to work on the fields. To fill the gap, the slave trade from Africa began.

Africans were captured and enslaved mainly from the coastal areas of Guinea as well as eastern Africa, The captured people were brought to the coast and sold to the Europeans. In exchange for the slaves, the African tribal leaders accepted guns, iron objects, liquor and clothes.

The slaves were greatly oppressed. Many of them died by the time they reached the ports. The ships were stuffed with slaves. There were no proper arrangements for food or medicine. In those days, it took several days to reach America. Maiw slaves did not survive the journey due to illness and malnutrition.

Question.
Write about slave trade.
Answer:

1. In the 16th century, Europeans migrated to America.
2. They enslave Africans especially from the coastal areas of Guinea and Eastern Africa to work on their fields in America.
3. In exchange for the slaves, the African tribal leaders accepted guns. iron objects, liquor and clothes.
4. The slaves were greatly oppressed.
5. Many slaves did not survive the journey due to illness and malnutrition.

Information skills

A

Africa: risers, lakes, minerals
Rivers	Nile, Niger and Zambezie
Lakes	Victoria, Chad and Nyasa
Minerals	Gold, diamonds and copper

1) Write down names of any two rivers in Africa.
Answer:
Nile, Niger

2) Name the lakes of Africa.
Answer:
Victoria and Chad

3) Which continent has largest Gold deposits?
Answer:
Africa

B.

	Africa at a glance
Boundaries	North – Mediterranean Sea South – Southern Ocean East – The Red Sea, The Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Eden West – Atlantic Ocean
Biggest desert	Sahara is in the northern part
Largest freshwater lake	victoria
Highest Peak	Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania
Gift of Nile	Egypt
Highest rainfall	Equatorial region
Minerals	Gold, diamonds and copper

1. Which is the highest peak in Africa?
Answer:
Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania.

2. What are the minerals of Africa?
Answer:
Gold, diamonds and copper.

3. Where is Atlantic Ocean located to Africa?
Answer:
We find Atlantic can in the western side of Africa.

4. What is the Gift of Nile?
Answer:
Egypt is known as the Gift of Nile.

5. What is the speciality of Victoria’s rake?
Answer:
The largerst freshwater lake in Africa.

C.

Africa Climate
Tropic region	Between tropic of Cancer and tropic of Capricorn	Heavy rainfall
Temperate Zone	North to Tropic of Cancer south to Tropic of Capricorn	Moderate rainfall
Arid Zone	Sahara and Kalahari deserts	Scanty rainfall

1. What is known as tropic region?
Answer:
The area between the tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.

2. Which zone receives moderate rainfall
Answer:
The temperate zone receives moderate rainfall.

3. To which zone do the deserts conic under?
Answer:
The deserts come under arid zone.

4. Which region heavy rainfall?
Answer:
Tropic region receives heavy rainfall.

5. Which region receives scanty rainfall?
Answer:
Arid zone receives scanty rainfall.

Mapping skills

A. Map Pointing:
Locate the following places in Africa Map.

1. Atlantic Ocean
2. Indian Ocean
3. River Nile
4. Sahara Desert
5. Gulf of Guinea
6. Lake Victoria
7. Lake Chad
8. River Niger
9. River Cango
10. Kalahari Desert
11. River Zambezie
12. Cape of Good Hope.

B. Map Reading:
Observe the following map and answer the questions:

1. Which latitude passess through middle of the African continent?
Answer:
Equator.

2. Write down the name of one salt lake in Africa.
Answer:
Chad.

3. Name the rivers of Africa.
Answer:
Niger, Nile etc.

4. What is the name of the desert which is in southern part of Africa?
Answer:
Kalahari.

5. Where do you find ‘Atlas mountains’ in Africa?
Answer:
Northern part of Africa.

Work Book

Question 1.
Which continent Is known as Dark Continent? ( )
A) Europe
B) Asia
C) Africa
Answer:
C) Africa

Question 2.
The highest peak in Africa is ( )
A) Mount Everest
B) Mount Kilimanjaro
C) Mount Wilson Massif
Answer:
B) Mount Kilimanjaro

Question 3.
River Nile originates from this lake. ( )
A) Lake Chad
B) Lake Nyasa
C) Lake Victoria
Answer:
C) Lake Victoria

Question 4.
The largest sand desert in the world ( )
A) Thar
B) Kalahari
C) Sahara
Answer:
C) Sahara

Question 5.
The Gift of Nile ( )
A) Egypt
B) Nigeria
C) Angola
Answer:
A) Egypt

Question 6.
The climate in between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn ( )
A) warm
B) cool
C) warm and cool
Answer:
C) warm and cool

Question 7.
The Equator passes through middle of this continent ( )
A)Asia
B) South America
C) Africa
Answer:
C) Africa

Question 8.
In Africa half of the northern part is a/an …………………… region. ( )
A) polar
B) arid
C) semi-arid
Answer:
C) semi-arid

Question 9.
Hunters in Africa have inhabited the ……………………… region. ( )
A) equatorial
B) desert
C) both
Answer:
B) desert

Question 10.
The line shown with ?‘ is ( )

A) Tropic of Cancer
B) Tropic of Capricorn
C) 23½° N Latitude
D) The equator
Answer:
C) 23½° N Latitude

Question 11.
The place shown with ‘?’ is

A) Sahara desert
B) Madagascar
C) River Nile
D) Atlas mountains
Answer:
B) Madagascar

Question 12.
African continent lies to the …………………… of India. ( )
A) north
B) east
C) west
Answer:
C) west

Question 13.
Kimberly in South Africa is famous for ………………….. . ( )
A) gold
B) diamonds
C) copper
Answer:
B) diamonds

Question 14.
Africa is ……………… famous. ( )
A) Gold diamonds and copper
B) Highest population of World
C) Beautiful Lakes
D) Rice crop
Answer:
A) Gold diamonds and copper