{"id":32835,"date":"2022-11-17T15:55:32","date_gmt":"2022-11-17T10:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/?p=32835"},"modified":"2022-11-17T15:55:32","modified_gmt":"2022-11-17T10:25:32","slug":"ap-inter-2nd-year-civics-important-questions-chapter-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/ap-inter-2nd-year-civics-important-questions-chapter-12\/","title":{"rendered":"AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Important Questions Chapter 12 Political Parties"},"content":{"rendered":"

Students must practice these AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Important Questions<\/a> 12th Lesson Political Parties to boost their exam preparation.<\/p>\n

AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Important Questions 12th Lesson Political Parties<\/h2>\n

Long Answer Questions<\/span><\/p>\n

Question 1.
\nWrite an essay on the major National Political Parties in India.
\nAnswer:
\n1. The Indian National Congress Party:
\nThe Indian National Congress had been one of the most successful of the nationalist movements of Asia and Africa. After the achievement of independence, it adapted itself to the task of governing the country. It enjoyed two full decades of dominance in independent India. The end of the sixties witnessed the first great split in the Congress Party. In spite of the combined efforts of the Congress (0) and other non-Communist Opposition parties to dislodge the Congress (R) from power, the latter under Smt. Indira Gandhi’s leadership came to power with an absolute majority in the elections of 1972.<\/p>\n

2. Socialist Party:
\nThe Socialist Party went through many splits and reunions leading to the formation of many socialist parties. These included the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party, the Praja Socialist Party and Samyukta Socialist Party. Jayaprakash Narayan, Achyut Patwardhan, Ashok Mehta, Acharya Narendra Dev, Rammanohar Lohia and S.M. Joshi were among the leaders of the socialist parties. Many parties in contemporary India, like the Samajwadi Party, the Rashtriya Janata Dal, Janata Dal (United) and the Janata Dal (Secular) trace their origins to the Socialist Party.<\/p>\n

3. Janata Party:
\nDuring 1970s, the Janata Party was new on Indian political scene though it consisted of units that hitherto existed individually. The Opposition parties had made an abortive effort during the Fifth General Elections to Parliament in 1972, to pose a unified Opposition to the Congress Party (R). Given this background, the successful unifying process carried on by the Opposition under the label of Janata Party and their subsequent dramatic victory in the Sixth Lok Sabha Elections of 1977, came as a surprise to the nation.<\/p>\n

4. Communist Party of India:
\nA.K. Gopalan, S.A. Dange, E.M.S. Namboodiripad, P.C. Joshi, Ajay Ghosh and P.Sundaraiah were among the notable leaders of the CPI. The party went through a major split in 1964 following the ideological differences between Soviet Union and China. The pro-Soviet faction remained as the CPI, while the opponents formed the CPI (Marxist). Both these parties continue to exist to this day.<\/p>\n

5. Bharatiya Janata Party:
\nAlthough initially unsuccessful, winning only two seats in the 1984 general election, it grew in strength on the back of the Ram Janmabhoomi and Babri Majid issue. Following victories in several state elections and better performances in national elections, the BJP became the largest party in the Parliament in 1996; however, it lacked a majority in the lower house of Parliament, and its government lasted only 13 days. After the 1998 general election, the BJP-led coalition known as the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) formed a government under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee for a year. Following fresh elections, the NDA government, again headed by Vajpayee, lasted for a full term in office; this was the first non-Congress government to do so. In the 2004 general election, the BJP led NDA suffered an unexpected defeat, and for the next ten years the BJP was the principal Opposition party. Long time Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi, a principal campaigner and charismatic leader of the party, led it to a landslide victory in the 2014 general elections. Since that election, Narendra Modi leads the NDA government as Prime Minister with the alliance of 13 state owned parties.<\/p>\n

6. Lokdal:
\nAfter the split in the Janata Party the Lok Dell formed the government with the support of Congress (U). However, it could not prove its majority in the Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha was then dissolved and the government Shri Charan Singh was asked to continue as a care-taker-government till the new government was formed in January, 1980. The Lok Dal was formed in September 1979 which was separated from the Janata Party. Its programmes accorded highest priority to agriculture, small scale and cottage industry. It had a rural bias in its programmes.<\/p>\n

7. Janata Dal:
\nThe Janata Dal came into existence by merger of the Janata Party, the Jana Morcha and the Lok Dal. It was launched on 11th October, 1988 at the foundation convention at Bangalore. Its predominant support lies in the Hindi heard land and among the minorities. In September, 1989, Janata Dal in collaboration with Telugu Desam Party, the Congress (Socialist), the Asom Gana Parishad, and the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam constituted National Front and they even formed government at the Centre after the Ninth General Elections to Lok Sabha. However in 1990, there was a split in the Janata Dal. A faction came out of Janata Dal and formed Samajvadi Janata Party.<\/p>\n

8. Swatantra Party:
\nSwatantra Party was formed in August 1959 after the Nagpur resolution of the Congress which called for land ceilings, take-over of food grain trade by the state and adoption of cooperative farming. The party was led by old Congressmen like C. Rajagopalachari, K.M. Munshi, N.G. Ranga and Minoo Masani. The party stood out from the others in terms of its position on economic issues. In the 1962 general election, the first after its formation, Swatantra Party received 6.8 percent of the total votes and won 18 seats in the third Lok Sabha (1962-67).<\/p>\n

9. Nationalist Congress Party (NCP):
\nThe Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) is a Centre to Centre left political party primarily based in the states of Maharashtra, Kerala and Meghalaya. NCP was formed on 25 May 1999, by Sharad Pawar, P. A. Sangma and Tariq Anwar after they were expelled from the Indian National Congress (INC) on 20th May 1999, for disputing the right of Italian-born Sonia Gandhi to lead the party. At the time of formation, the party also absorbed Indian Congress (Socialist), which traced its origins to anti-coalition partner in the state of Maharashtra in alliance with INC.<\/p>\n

Question 2.
\nExplain the various types of Parties and estimate the role of Regional Parties in India.
\nAnswer:
\nVarious the types of Parties:
\nThere are four types of Political Parties in the modern democratic states. They are:<\/p>\n