{"id":23997,"date":"2023-08-26T17:19:46","date_gmt":"2023-08-26T11:49:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/?p=23997"},"modified":"2023-09-01T17:56:23","modified_gmt":"2023-09-01T12:26:23","slug":"ap-inter-2nd-year-botany-notes-chapter-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/ap-inter-2nd-year-botany-notes-chapter-2\/","title":{"rendered":"AP Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes Chapter 2 Mineral Nutrition"},"content":{"rendered":"

Students can go through AP Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes<\/a> 2nd Lesson Mineral Nutrition will help students in revising the entire concepts quickly.<\/p>\n

AP Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes 2nd Lesson Mineral Nutrition<\/h2>\n

\u2192 All living organisms require macromolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats along with water and minerals for their growth and development.<\/p>\n

\u2192 The Technique of growing plants in a specified nutrient solution is known as hydroponics.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Macronutrients include C, H, O, N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Micronutrients include Fe, Mn, Cu, Ho, Zn, B, Chlorine and Nickel.<\/p>\n

\u2192 C, H and O are called structural elements.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Mn and phosphorous are energy-related chemical compounds in plants.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Nickel acts as an activator for urease, an important enzyme of Nitrogen Metabolism.<\/p>\n

\u2192 The concentration of critical element below which plant growth is retarded is termed as critical concentration.<\/p>\n

\"AP<\/p>\n

\u2192 The deficiency symptoms of Nitrogen, Potassium and Magnesium are visible first in the senescent leaves.<\/p>\n

\u2192 The deficiency symptoms of Sulphur and Calcium appear first in young leaves.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Chlorosis is the loss of chlorophyll leading to yellowing of leaves.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Necrosis or death of the tissue occurs due to deficiency of Ca, Mg, Cu, K.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Deficiency of Nickel shows Mouse ear in pecan.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Minerals are absorbed either by passive or by active process.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Mineral salts are translocated through the xylem along with the ascending water which is pulled up through the plant by transpiration pull.<\/p>\n

\u2192 The majority of the nutrients that are essential for plant growth and development are available from soil due to weathering and breakdown of rocks.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Nitrogen is the most prevalent element in living organisms.<\/p>\n

\u2192 The enzyme, nitrogenase which is capable of N2<\/sub> reduction in present exclusively in prokaryotes. They are called N2<\/sub> fixers.<\/p>\n

\"AP<\/p>\n

\u2192 The enzyme nitrogenase is a Mo-Fe protein and catalyses the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Nitrogenase enzyme is protected from oxygen by leg-haemoglobin.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Amides (asparagine, glutamine) contain more nitrogen than amino acids. So they are transported to other parts of the plant via xylem vessels.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Mineral Nutrition is the absorption, distribution and metabolism ef various minerals from soil and atmosphere by plants.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Inorganic nutrients are obtained from the air to the plants.<\/p>\n

\u2192 The elements required in large quantities are called macronutrients.<\/p>\n

\u2192 The elements required in small quantities are called micronutrients.<\/p>\n

\u2192 These elements are the constituents of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Plants absorb minerals through roots by either passive or active processes.<\/p>\n

\u2192 These minerals are carried to alt parts of plants through xylem.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Nitrogen is very essential element for plant life. But plants cannot use atmospheric nitrogen directly.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Nitrogen Fixation: In this process, atmospheric nitrogen is converted into ammonia, that is used as a nutrient for plants.
\nN2<\/sub> + 8H+<\/sup> + 8e–<\/sup> + 16ATP >2NH3<\/sub> + H2<\/sub> + 16ADP + 16Pi<\/p>\n

\"AP<\/p>\n

\u2192 The enzyme nitrogenase plays an important role in nitrogen fixation.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Entry of oxygen towards nitrogenase is prevented by a chemical called leg-haemoglobin.<\/p>\n

\u2192 Formation of root nodule: [IPE|<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The roots of host Legume release sugars and amino acids which attract Rhizobia.<\/li>\n
  2. They multiply and get attached to the epidermis of root hair cells and then into the cortex.<\/li>\n
  3. The bacteria initiate nodule formation in the cortex of the root.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u2192 Synthesis of amino acids by plants involves (i) Reductive amination (ii) Transamination [IPE]<\/p>\n

    \u2192 Ca is essential for the growth of the root tip. [NEET-2016]<\/p>\n

    \u2192 Deficiency symptoms of nitrogen and potassium are visible first in senescent leaves. [2014]<\/p>\n

    \u2192 The first stable product of fixation of atmospheric nitrogen in leguminous plants is N02 [NEET-2013]<\/p>\n

    \u2192 Potassium is responsible for maintaining turgor in cells. [NEET-2018]<\/p>\n

    \u2192 The products of reaction catalysed by nitrogenase in root nodules of leguminous plants are ammonia and hydrogen. [NEET-2020]<\/p>\n

    \"AP<\/p>\n

    \u2192 For its action, nitrogenase requires high input of energy. [2012 PMT]<\/p>\n

    \u2192 An element playing important role in nitrogen fixation is molybdenum. [2010 PMT]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Students can go through AP Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes 2nd Lesson Mineral Nutrition will help students in revising the entire concepts quickly. AP Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes 2nd Lesson Mineral Nutrition \u2192 All living organisms require macromolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats along with water and minerals for their growth and development. … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23997"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23997"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23997\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50089,"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23997\/revisions\/50089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23997"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23997"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apboardsolutions.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}