Telangana SCERT 10th Class Social Guide Pdf Download Telangana 21st Lesson The Movement for the Formation of Telangana State Textbook Questions and Answers.
TS 10th Class Social 21st Lesson Questions and Answers – The Movement for the Formation of Telangana State
Question 1.
Correct the Incorrect statements.
Indian states were formed based on languages.
Sufficient recognition has been provided to languages of all different groups of people living In the state of Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
This statement is correct with regard to many of the states in India but with regard to Telangana, it is not correct. Telangana is not formed on language basis. It is formed on the basis of people’s interest and sentiment of their self-esteem, and their needs like employment, resources, and educational opportunities.
Providing sufficient recognition to the languages of all different groups of people living in the state of Andhra Pradesh is not possible. To the maximum extent, it would be given. The major languages of Telangana, Telugu, and Urdu are given sufficient recognition.
Question 2.
“Diversity of people living in Telangana has historical, social and cultural context.” Justify the statement based on arguments given in the chapter.
Answer:
- Though there were three regions in the former A.P., Telangana has its own identity.
- The Telangana language was drawn from an inclusive folk tradition which included tribal languages, Deccani Urdu, Kannada, and Marathi.
- The culture of Telangana was drawn from Muslim, Dalit, artisanal, tribal, and migrant communities.
- The social profile of Telangana was distinct in that it had a larger proportion of tribal people, backward castes, and Muslims than the other regions.
- Whereas coastal areas were under greater influence of Brahmanic Sanskrit.
- Telangana historically was under the Nizam, and Urdu” was used as mòdium of instruction whereas coastal areas received English education.
- Physically coastal areas are plain and Telangana was a dry plateau region which depended much upon rainfed agriculture, animal herding and also hunting and gathering from forests. Hence we can say “Diversity of people in Telangana has historical, social, and cultural context.
Question 3.
Describe the main features of Gentlemen’s Agreement. How did this become a point of distrust between the regions?
Answer:
The Gentlemen’s Agreement Was signed in 1956. There are fourteen main points on which they agreed. This paved a way for the merger of the two states through conditional and subject to satisfaction of Telangana people.
The important points were:
Expenditure on Administration was to be borne proportionately by the two regions and revenue surplus of Telangarla would be spent only for the development of Telangana. The existing educational facilities in Telangana would be reserved to the students of Telangafla only.
It was agreed to continue the Mulki rules under which only those with a minimum of 12 years of residence in Telangafla were eligible for jobs and to gain admission educational institutions in Telangana region. It was agreed to set up a Regional Council, a statutory body consisting of 20 members from the Legislative Assembly to oversee the needs and development of Telangana. Sale of agricultural land in Telangafla would be controlled by the Regional Council.
The Andhra Pradesh ministry win consists of 40 percent members from Telangana and 60 percent from Andhra. In the Chief Minister was from Andhra, the Deputy Chief Minister would be from Telangana and vice versa. None of the above points were followed and given respect. This led to distrust among the Telangana people.
Question 4.
Based on the experiences of people’s aspirations in Telangefla what measures of safeguards would you take to ensure that all sections of people living in the region feel respected?
Answer:
It is expected to ensure increasing in reservations to minorities and tribal people in employment and educational opportunities. Different people have different aspirations in the newly formed state. Separate schools and hostels for all the deprived sections of the society will be taken up.
Question 5.
What have been the differences in access to water, agriculture education and employment in the two regions?
Answer:
In Andhra, region water is available in plenty. Canal water is used for irrigation. In Telangana region, only rained or well water is used for irrigation.
Mechanized agriculture is more In Andhra Region. In Tetangafla still traditional tilling Is seen. With regard to crops and use of fertilizer also there is a lot of differences. Education and employment are advanced in Andhra as it was under the control of the British English education Is given earlier to them. Telangana was under the control of Nizam and no steps were taken to improve education and employment for the local majority people. Many of the 1obs ate given to Aridhra People and the Telangana people lost the opportunities.
Question 6.
How did the disparity of growth between urban areas and agriculture create conflict of interest in expectations from the government?
Answer:
- Many developmental activities tool place in the state of AP.
- Major dams were built, irrigation and power projects initiated, vast mining and industrial complexes were opened.
- Green Revolution in agriculture was initiated to transform agricultural production.
- Development was very uneven.
- There was relative stagnation m the gross cropped area of Telangana.
- Agricultural Labour Increased in Telangana from 38% to 47% whereas it was very less in A.P.
- Suicides were high in Telangana.
- Neither of colleges were high in AP.
- Hence people were against the government of combined Andhra Pradesh and agitated for a separate slate of Telangana.
Question 7.
What arguments were put forward by people who wanted the two regions to be united?
Answer:
- Those who argue the two regions of Andhra and Telangana are to be united put these
arguments forward. - The people of two regions speaking same language Telugu should be united as brothers and sisters.
- They invested much in Hyderabad and its surrounding areas and if Telangana is separated, they would lose the property.
- Many people from Andhra were settled in Hyderabad by purchasing properties.
- Many central institutions are established n Hyderabad.
- Major part of income is from Hyderabad.
- Andhra and Rayalaseema people may lose employment opportunities.
- Telangana is in the upstreams of Godavari and Krishna rivers.
Question 8.
How do you evaluate the various modes of mobilization methods used in Telangana state formation?
Answer:
Modes of mobilization methods used in Telangana state formation are distinct in many ways. People from all corners partuipated in the movement including women and students. Dhoom Dhaam, Vanta Varpu. Rail Roko, Rasta Roko, Sakala Janula Samme, Boycotting schools and colleges, Garjana. Padayatra, Bonalu, Rangoli, Assembly Muttadi, Million March. Sagara Haram and many other modes were used in Telangana state formation. All these attracted the people to mobilise and at last they led to the formation of the state.
Question 9.
Describe the different roles taken by JACs and political parties In the formation of Telangana state. Do you think JACs created platforms across political Ideologies?
Answer:
Since 1969 onwards separate Telangana was the agitation taken up by political parties. A few organizations like Telangana information trust (1969), Telangana Jans Sabha (1997), and Telangana Mahasabha (1997), and some other Warangal Rythukuli Sangham worked for formation of separate state. The actual movement was started when Telangana Rastra Samiti was formed in 2001.
After 2009. numerous Joint Action Committees were formed. Hundreds of youngsters committed suicides for the sake of separate state. People of all castes have participated in the Joint Action Committees.
All the political parties took the help of these JACs and they came to a common platform. Irrespective of castes, parties, and ideologies all fought under common agenda and finally it was achieved on 2nd June 2014.
Question 10.
Locate the following In the map of Telangana.
i) Mahabubnagar
ii) Khammam
iii) Nizamabad
iv) Adilabad
v) Nalgonda
vi) Mahaboobabad
vii) Nirmal
Viii) Jogulamba
Answer:
Project
Interview some people who had participated In the movements during 2009. Find out about their experiences and prepare a report. Collect photos from old newspapers or magazines about these events and prepare a scrapbook.
Answer:
Students Activity.
TS 10th Class Social 21st Lesson The Movement for the Formation of Telangana State Intext Questions
Page No. 304
Question 1.
You or your family members may have seen or even participated in this movement. Discuss your experiences In the class. What do you think were the main reasons behind the demand for a separate state Telangana?
Answer:
(Discussion and sharing of the student’s experiences) We have participated in this Telangana movement. Many times the agitators came to our school and requested our teachers and Headmaster to let off the students to participate in the Movement. The teachers also participated in it.
Many others also participated in the movement. Basically, our Telangana region is a backward one. This region comes under plateau area. Most of the agriculture is based on rainfed. The local languages, traditions, eating habits, and so on are humiliated by the Andhra people. Andhra people used to get employment opportunities more man that of the Telangana people and so the Telangana students could not get employment. The benefits of irrigation protects, power projects are going to the Andhra people only. The resources of Telangana are being utilized for them priority. The local people did not get the results or fruits of the development.
Discrimination shown in allocation of funds is also one of the reasons. So the agitation is
started for the formation of Telangana state separately.
Question 2.
Make a list of Important persons that your parents and teachers remember. Make a poster or wall newspaper for your classroom showing their contribution to the formation of Telangana state.
Answer:
Poster:
Our Dream Has Come True
After the struggle for a separate state over 6 decades, Telangana has been achieved. During the struggle, many persons sacrificed their lives. Many great personalities like Marri Chenna Reddy, Prof, Jayasankar, K. Chandrasekhara Reo, Prof. Kodanda Ram, and the like participated in this movement and rendered their invaluable contributions. Marn Chenna Reddy launched Telangana Praja Samithi espousing the cause of a separate state.
Prof. Jayasarikar was associated with Non-Mulki go back, IdIi sambar go back movements that started way back in 1952 till the movement for separate Telangana state. In 1969. Jayasankar formed a team with ten members to fight for Telangana.
He then started 7elangana Jana Sabh&. It was banned by the Indian government. He was instrumental ¡n forming the Telangana Development Forum in 1999.
Telangana Rashtra Samiti (TRS) president K. Chandrasekhara Rao played a vital role in Telangana movement. He announced an indefinite fast to begin on 29th November 2009 at Siddipel. He was arrested and lodged in a jail even before he started his fast. He continued The fast in Khammam Jail and subsequently In hospital too.
The students of Osmania University formed a Telangana Students Joint Action Committee (TJAC) on 16th November to expressed solidarity with him. The spree of people forming Joint Action Committees (JACa) spread to Kakatiya University, and then to Palamur, Satavaheria, and Mahatma Gandhi Universities of Telangana.
Then the Employees JACa. Lawyers JACa, JACs of caste or communities and the District level JACs sprang up. The Telarigana Rasfitra Samithi leader. K. Chandrashekara Rao’s fast became a massive people’s movement.
Prof. Kodanda Ram. President of Telangana Joint Action Committee (JAC) also played an important role in this movement.
Due to the untiring struggle of different sections of people, i.e. students, teachers, doctors, lawyers. political leaders, etc. Telangana has been achieved as the 29th’ state of India on 2 June 2014. Sn K. Chandrasekhara Rao was elected as the first Chief Minister of our state. He Is making his best efforts for the all-around development of our state. Let’s too participate and cooperate for this noble cause.
Page No. 305
Question 3.
Describe the distinct features of Telangana under the following themes:
i) Natural features
ii) Society
iii) Historical background.
Answer:
Telangana has some distinct features.
Natural Features: Telangana is in Deccan plateau, The region is drained by two major rivers, with about 79% of the Godavari River catchment area and about 69% of the Krishna River catchment area, but most of the land is arid. Telangana is also drained by several minor rivers such as the Bliima, the Manlira, and the Muai. Telangana is a semi-arid area end has a predominantly hot and dry climate and dry deciduous forests are seen here.
Society: The society of Telangana is of a composite one. Major population is from backward castes. Muslims, Dalil, and tribal people live in Telangana. Many of them depend on agriculture. Hindus and Muslims celebrate their festivals in a grand manner.
Historical Background: Telangana was a part of Asmaka Maha Janapada which was one of the sixteen major kingdoms in India, It was under the rule of the Kakatiya kings also, Some parts of Telangana, especially Kanmnagar district were the initial places of the Satavahana kingdom. Kotilingala was their capital and Srirnuklia was the founder of Sathavahana kingdom. Lately, it was under the rule of the Nizam.
Page No. 307
Question 4.
Imagine yourself to be a member of the Telangana Regional Council What special development activities would you have suggested? Ust three most Important schemes which you would have proposed.
Answer:
If I were a member of the Telangana Regional Council, I would have suggested the
following Important schemes.
- Special scheme to promote agriculture in this region and dams would be constructed across rivers and irrigation facilities would be Tçroved as many of the farmers depend on wells only.
- Different projects like power generation. mining and establishment of industries would have been taken up.
- Schemes for improving educational and employment opportunities for the youth would have been suggested arid establishment of universities and colleges In rural areas would be the priority. Skill development programmes would have been suggested.
Question 5.
In what ways do you think employment opportunities for SCs, tribal and nomadic people of Telangana could have been ensured?
Answer:
The SCs, tribal and nomadic people of Telangana are normally very poor and they don’t have access to get employment. This could be ensured by creating special opportunities for them. Employment doesn’t mean government jobs. In any field, they should be provided employment. For illiterates, programmes like MGNREGA are to be taken up. Encouragement of cottage industries, handicrafts and arranging market facilities for their
product, sufficient prices for their product are some of the programmes. Educational opportunities are also necessary. They should be provided with hostels and other facilities. Study centers for all these categories should be opened and coaching should be provided by experts. These should be provided to Improve their skill so as to lead prosperous life.
Question 6.
What would have been the best way to use the mineral resources of Telangana’
Answer:
All the minerals in the state belong to the government. It is not an individual property. The benefits of the minerals should be used for the sake of the welfare of all people of the country. The best way to use the mineral resources of Telangana is to keep two things in mind while mining is going on. They are the welfare of the people arid sustainable development. The wealth of minerals will not be for the benefit of contractors or private individuals.
Question 7.
Do you think the challenges faced by the farmers and labourers of Telangana were very different from those of the other regions? Discuss In the class.
Answer:
The farmers and tabourets of Telangana don’t face the problems like tsunamis and other flood problems as the coastal people face. There is no coastal area to Telangana state. Most of them face the challenges like low rainfall and power cut. Sometimes they face the challenge of over rainfall also.
The floods and drought are the problems here. Maximum of the agriculture in Tolangana depends ion rain or groundwater of the wells.
Question 8.
Why do you think did the students play a leading role in demanding a separate state for Tetangana?
Answer:
Many of the students have participated in separate Telangana agitations. They left their schools and colleges and went on to the roads. They felt that they were not getting jobs, Andhra people were getting jobs. The leaders of Telangana encouraged them that if Telangana state wore separated and formed, there would be many choices for the Telangana students to get jobs.
Many of the educational opportunities will be available to them. The leaders also assured that KG to PG free education will be provided. By observing these conditions the students played an important role in Telangana formation.
Page No. 309
Question 9.
Why do you think is the increase in Gross Cropping Area an Indicator of agricultural progress?
Answer:
Certainly the increase in Gross Cropping Area is an indicator of agricultural progress. Many people depend on agriculture in Telangana. Over the period of time, the population is increasing but the cultivable land is not increasing in proportion to the population.
The food grain production depends upon both the area of cultivable land and its produce. By using chemical fertilizers and pesticides we are increasing the production but long run it spoils the fertility of the soil. When the Gross Cropping Area is increased, it means that the yield will be increased. Hence the increase in the cropping area is considered as agriculture progress.
Question 10.
What are the problems that are being faced by the farmers of Telangana due to over-reliance on wells for irrigation?
Answer:
The problems of Telangana farmers are mainly because of their reliance on wells for irrigation. Most of Telangana farmers depend on wells for irrigating their fields because there are no sufficient canals. Sri Ram Saga r Project water is being utilized through canals for irrigation in Nizamabad, Karimnagar, and Adilabad districts.
In other areas, the farmers use well water with power pump sets. They are facing the problem of power cut also and insufficient power supply. A few projects like Ellampally are to be completed. If drought is experienced, there will be no crops at all. Recently the farmers are concentrating on tanks as the government has taken up the programme Mission Kakatiya.
Question 11.
Why do you think have the public irrigation systems like tanks been Ignored in the past? What steps should be taken to restore them?
Answer:
In the past the Telangana was under the rule of the Kakatiya kings. Then they took Interest on tanks and irrigation. The public irrigation works like tanks have been ignored during the Andhra rulers. The land under the tanks has been utilized for construction of houses. In Hyderabad, many of the tanks were destroyed. Real estate field and Special Economic Zones have occupied the lands. ‘Janmabhoomi’ programme was taken up earlier in both the areas of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.
Now in Telangana state the government is taking steps to restore the tanks for development of irrigation facilities. Concentration of tanks is increased. The canals which already exist should be cleaned and repaired for easy flow of water. Power supply should be without cutting. Minimum 10 hours of power supply is necessary for the irrigation of water.
Question 12.
What could be the reasons for higher number of suicides In Telangana?
Answer:
The farmers commit suicide in Telangana as they face many problems. They have no sufficient water supply to their fields. Power failure is one of the reasons. They are not getting sufficient loans from the banks.
They get loans iron’. the moneylenders and the loans are increasing. Because of pests, drought, famine, over burden of loans, the farmers commit suicides. The same situation Is seen with the weavers also. They are not getting sufficient pieces for their product Distress among the educated students is also one of the reasons.
Question 13.
What could be the reasons for the lower literacy rate In Telangana as compared to Coastal Andhra?
Answer:
According to the 2011 census, Telangana’s literacy rate is 67.22%. Male literacy and female literacy are 75.6% and 58.77% respectively. Hyderabad district is leading with 80.96% of literacy and Mahboobnagar district is at the bottom with 56.06%. About 76% of the population of Telangana speaks Telugu, 12% speak Urdu, and 12% speak other languages. Before 1948. Urdu was the official language of Hyderabad State. and due to a lack of
Telugu-language educational institutions.
The jagirdars and especially the then Nizam government were against to establish schools The Nizams were also suspicious of private schools that they wound become centers of propagation of anti-Nizam ideas. They discouraged Telugu medium schools and did not allow the students of Tetugu medium to Osmania University. Hence because of the attitude of the rulers the literacy in Telangana is low.
Page No. 311
Question 14.
What are the main festivals that are celebrated in Telanagna? Prepare a month-wise list.
Answer:
The main festivals celebrated in Telangana are Bonalu, Bathukamma, Samrnakka and Saralamma Jatara, Edupayala Jatara, and Dasara. Sri Rama Navarra, Thou Ekadasi and so on. The people of Telangana worship local gods and goddesses like Yellammma, Pochamrna, Mysamma, Pothuraju etc. The state festivals are- Bathukamma, Bonalu.
Month-wise list of Festivals in Telangana
Question 15.
Make a list of films which represent the people, language, and culture of Telangana accurately.
Answer:
Maa Bhoomi, Jal Bolo Telangana, Veera Telangana. etc.
Question 16.
During the last twenty years, Hyderabad has become a very large and prosperous city. Why wer, the people of Telangana not satisfied with it?
Answer:
Hyderabad Is developed with many industries, hospitals, educational institutions as well as transportation. This doesn,t mean the total development of Telangana. Adilabad, Mahboobnagar, Nalgonda districts are very backward in many faces. In Hyderabad, the Artdhra people are settled and as they are educationally advanced, they get the employment but the Telangana people don’t get sufficient employment. Their language, festivals, folk deities are humiliated. In every angle, the Anclhra people are given preference and ignored Telangana.
Question 17.
The problems faced by farmers and artisans of Telangana were similar to the problems faced by such people In other states too. Do you think that formation of a separate state Is a sufficient solution to their problems? Why?
Answer:
The problems faced by the farmers and artisans of Telangana were similar to the problems faced by such people in other states too. Formation of Telangana separate state is to some extent sufficient solution to their problems. The farmer’s and artisans’ problems are mainly because of lIberalization or globalization.
Previously There was an encouragement for drawing out water from wells but now concentration is there on development and proper management of tanks. If tanks are improved, water will be stored and so groundwater problems will be solved. Instead of contractors, Cooperative societies of artisans will be organized. The government will purchase and give priority to the artisan’s product. They also find new jobs in different areas.
Page No.313
Question 18.
Give examples of how people from different walks of life joined the movement.
Answer:
Telangana movement is not a movement of a particular caste or religion or sect. Many of the people participated in it. Though it was a politically started gradually II turned as a social movement. Employees like teachers, Non-Gazzetted and Gazetted officers formed organizations.
Students, writers, journalists, cultural acimsis, and lecturers took part In Tribal and other caste organizations, etc. were formed. The tribal people came up with jal, jungle and James slogan. Women also participated it this movement.
Question 19.
Why do you think It was important for all of them to come out Into the open In support of the movement for separate state?
Answer:
The officers, students, employees, women, and other organizations came out into the open in support of the movement for separate state because all they hope that if Telangana separate state is formed, their dreams will come true. Students get proper education, the youth get sufficient employment, the other feel self-esteem and so on, The feeling of second-rate citizens will be vanished. There may be a change in the livelihoods.
Page No. 314
Question 20.
In what way do you think would the mine and factory workers benefit from the formation of Telangana state?
Answer:
Now the workers in mines and factories In Telangana are from Andhra region. The Telangana workers are less In hunter. The contractors of quarry mining and the owners of many factories are the Andhra people. If It comes under the control of Telangana, the local Telangana workers will get employment. In quarry centers many workers from Tamil Nadu and Andhra are working. If the Telangana Is formed as a separate state. it will be useful to the local people In getting employment.
Question 21.
What policies need to be followed so that the poor artisans and craftspersons will find dignIfied livelihoods?
Answer:
Separate markets for their products to sale are to be arranged. Government should purchase them and minimum support price for their product should be fixed. Different opportunities for their children will be provided.
Page No. 316
Question 22.
A very large number of JACs and other organizations had been formed at all levels. Why do you think was it necessary to form an apex Telangana Joint Action Committee? How did its formation impact the movement?
Answer:
- Yes, it was necessary to form an apex Telangana Joint Action Committee,
- Unity is strength. If all the groups of people stand together for a specific cause, they can achieve anything.
- The formation of an apex JAC. brought together all sections of people, i.e teachers, students, lawyers, NGOs, etc. on one platform.
- These activists coordinated the movement at different levels.
- This gave a political shape to the amorphous social organizations and strengthened the political movement and the mass movement from below.
- These JACs launched free major agitations, i.e. Noncooperation Movement, Million March. Sakala Janula Samme, a forty-two-day general strike, Sagara Haram – human chain, and Samsad Yatra – March to the Parliament.
- Telangana thus became a national issue and finally, central government took decision in favour of bifurcation.
- Thus Telangana is achieved.
Question 23.
Imagine yourself as an activist of Telangana movement. Describe your feelings at the time when the central government agreed to form a separate state.
Answer:
- I felt my long chenslied dreams have corne true.
- I was joyful and celebrated the occasion.
- I also gave tribute to all those students and persons who sacrificed their lives for the cause of Telangana
Page No. 318
Question 24.
Imagine yourself as a worker from Rayalaseema working in Hyderabad. Describe your feelings.
Answer:
- I was worried about my future as I belong to other regions.
- Till now I belonged to Hyderabad. now all of a sudden I became non•local here.
- I am not happy.
Question 25.
Imagine yourself as a woman labourer. Describe your feelings.
Answer:
Everyone around ‘s saying bifurcation is good for us. So I am happy and hoping that I get good wage for my labour.
Question 26.
Imagine yourself as a member at a tribe from Adilabad district In December 2009. Describe your feelings.
Answer:
I hope Adilabad will be developed and our tribals will have share In that development.