TS 10th Class Social Important Questions 11th Lesson Sustainable Development with Equity

These TS 10th Class Social Studies Important Questions 11th Lesson Sustainable Development with Equity will help the students to improve their time and approach.

TS 10th Class Social Important Questions 11th Lesson Sustainable Development with Equity

1 Mark Questions

Question 1.
What is Sustainable development?
Answer:
Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 2.
Write one main characteristic of organic farming.
Answer:
In organic farming, the farmers use local resources including on farm biological processes. Pest predators are available them. Microorganisms which make nutrients more accessible to the plants. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are not used only animal manure.

Question 3.
What are the environmental problems that we are facing today?
Answer:
The environmental problems that we are facing today are

1. Water pollution, air pollution, and food pollution.
2. Global warming
3. Loss of biodiversity
4. Ozone depletion

Question 4.
What is HDI as a measure of development?
Answer:
As a measure of development, HDI is an improvement over GDP and per capita income.

Question 5.
Which expands the meaning of development?
Answer:
HDI expands the meaning of development to include social indicators of education and health.

Question 6.
Which are central to the production process?
Answer:
Many naturally existing substances like land, water, minerals and ores, and products from trees and animals are central to the production process.

Question 7.
What does the overuse of groundwater imply?
Answer:
Overuse of groundwater implies that the stock of groundwater is being depleted. Very rapidly the\ groundwater has been falling to lower and lower levels.

Question 8.
Which are centrai to modem development?
Answer:
irrigation and power have been produced and both are central to modern development.

Question 9.
What is called NBA?
Answer:
The resistance to Sardar Sarovar and other dams with similar consequences in the Narmada valley has taken the form of a social movement. It is called Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA).

Question 10.
‘It is unjust to ask the poor people …… What is It?
Answer:
We have several thousands of communities wing of the environment. To destroy the environment moans lo destroy these communities. It is unjust to ask the poor people to bear the cost of development.

Question 11.
Which governments banned the chemical fertlilsers and pesticides?
Answer:
The Sikkim government and Uttarakhand government.

Question 12.
When did the Chipko movement start and where?
Answer:
The Chipko movement started In the early 1 970s in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand.

Question 13.
What does the word ‘Chlpko’ mean?
Answer:
The word ‘Chipko means embrace.

Question 14.
Who wrote the book Silent Spring’?
Answer:
Rachel Carson wrote the book ‘Silent Spring.

Question 15.
Where is Jalelndhi village?
Answer:
Jalsindhi village is in Madhya Pradesh.

Question 16.
Expand HDI.
Answer:
Human Development Index.

Question 17.
What is meant by “Water Recharge”?
Answer:
Water Recharge means the percolation of water into the ground to be extracted.

Question 18.
Write about Chipko Andolan.
Answer:
Chipko means ‘to embrace’. The villagers hugged the trees saving them Interposing their bodies between them and contractors’ axes.

Question 19.
What are the natural resources to use In production?
Answer:
Natural resources used in production are land, water and minerals, forests, etc.

Question 20.
What are the activities to take up through alternative Public Distribution System?
Answer:
Alternate PDS advocates the practice of millets, establishment of community grain bank, issue of cards, and ensuring food security in village.

2 Marks Questions

Question 1.
Write two slogans on enlightening people regarding ‘environment protection”.
Answer:
Slogans on Environment Protection.

1. Grow plants – Got oxygen
2. Avoid plastic bags – Promote cotton bags.

Question 2.
identify the importance of the environment in the development of a nation.
Answer:
Development has to be achieved at any cost. Growth in GDP and modem industrial development are necessary, it Is argued, for raising me living standards of people and reducing poverty. Since modern industrial and agricultural development are intensive in use of natural resources including energy, depletion of resources and pollution of the environment is to be expected. It is a sacrifice that has to be borne for higher growth.

Once high economic growth and prosperity is achieved, pollution and environmental degradation can be handled. One can spend money and clean up the air and rivers, drink bottled water and build cars that are fuel efficient. After all this is the route the developed countries have taken.

Question 3.
Create any two slogans to prevent Global warming.
Answer:

1. All be nice – Save the Ice
2. Global warming – Not charming
3. Protect Mother Earth – It protects all

Question 4.
What are the aspects taken as indicators to measure Human Development?
Answer:
Indicators of development:

1. Per capita income
2. Literacy rate
3. Average years of schooling
4. Expected years of schooling
5. Life expectancy at birth
6. Health status
7. Employment status
8. Equal distribution

Question 5.
Why Is It necessary to focus on sustainable development nowadays?
Answer:
Focus on sustainable development nowadays is compulsory to meet the needs of the present as well as future generations We have to provide better quality of life for everyone. Conservation of feet of soil is also essential for future crops. Factory emissions are to be prevented to make the air and water pure.

Question 6.
Prepare a pamphlet on the importance of Sustainable Development.
Answer:
Importance of Sustainable Development
The development which meets the needs of the present people without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is called sustainable development. Better quality of life is necessary not only for us but for the next coming generations also. The present concept of development is not like this.

The present scenarios quite adversary. There is no such feeling of future generations and their needs. All generations have the right on utilizing the natural resources like water, air, and soil and soon. If we do not consider this, how the next generations survive that everyone should think of.

To what extent the natural resources we need to that extent only we should use. This concept Is to be spread among the people. Government should take up awareness programmes on this Issue. Stringent actions should be Initiated against who violate the eco laws and acts. In some areas multinational companies have taken up the lands and pumping out the water and selling them.

How does the government give permission to such companies which lead to fall down of groundwater level? Government should think about this and take action to make sustainable development a real concept.

Question 7.
Prepare a pamphlet on the importance of Organic farming.
Answer:
Pamphlet on importance of Organic Farming:

Importance of Organic Farming

Nowadays many people consume the food grains grown by using chemical fertilizers. There is no usage of organic food. Governments and Non-governmental agencies are concentrating various awareness programs but there Is no concentration on farming and consuming Organic Food grains.

Due to chemicals, there are many diseases and poop1. suffer a lot with health problems. Whenever the farmers sprinkle some chemical spray on plants, the remains of chemicals join with water when there is a rain end the remains mix with water and reach any tank. The fish consume the water and the chemical enters the fish. When the humans consume the fish it affects them. Sometimes it leads to cancer.

My appeal to the farmers and government is that everyone should give priority to Organic Food which has no side effects. It is healthy food. Natural manure like animal dung, dry leaves, and grass, humus, etc. are to be used in farming. Government should encourage cow-based agriculture instead of chemical farming including maintaining grain bank for next season so that the side effects will not be there. A healthy society can be
seen.

No. of copies: 2500                                                                                            Published by Welfare Society

Question 8.
How is environment protection linked wIth our lifestyle?
Answer:
Our lifestyle is linked with environmental protection. We should be habituated to use organic productions. We should avoid plastic. Use renewable energy sources. Reducing quarrying and deforestation to zero. Industrial waste should be disposed of in a proper manner. Public transport with compressed Natural Gas is to be encouraged. Radiating devices are to be minimized.

Question 9.
Write tour slogans to decrease the influence of the Anthropogenic Global Warming.
Answer:
Slogans to decrease the Influence of the Anthropogenic Global warming:

1. Save trees 365 days Get protected from ultraviolet rays.
2. Each one-Plantone.
3. Conserve the nature – Save your future.
4. Nurture the nature – Nature nurtures you

Question 10.
On what does the primary sector depend?
Answer:
In primary sector activities – agriculture, mining, quarrying – and in the manufacturing and energy sector, production is hugely dependent on natural resources. The other sectors of the economy too are dependent on natural resources in various degrees.

Question 11.
What is environment’s source function?
Answer:
The potential of an environment to provide these resources is referred to as an “environment’s source functions. This function is depleted as resources are consumed or pollution contaminates the resources.

Question 12.
What is another function that the environment provides?
Answer:
There is another function that the environment provides. It is to absorb and render harmless the waste and pollution from various activities. Unwanted by-products ‘of production and consumption say exhaust gases from combustion, water used to dean products, discarded packaging, and goods no longer wanted are absorbed by the environment. This is as important as the source function.

Question 13.
What does the sink function’ describe?
Answer:
There is another function describes an environment’s ability to absorb and render harmless waste and pollution. When waste output exceeds the limit of the sink function, long-term damage to environment occurs.

Question 14.
What happened in the past fifty years?
Answer:
In the past fifty years of economic development, both these functions of the environment have been overused. This has been said to affect the carrying capacity of the environment, i.e., the capacity of the environment to support economic production and consumption in the future.

Question 15.
What is sustainable development?
Answer:
Sustainable development is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In other words, a better quality of life for everyone – now and for generations to come.

Question 16.
What is the modern development for people who have been displaced? Why?
Answer:
For people who have been displaced modern development has been unjust and destructive. Because they have lost access to their greater resource, the local environment. Without the local environment, their lives would be reduced to nothing.

Question 17.
How are the environmental movements?
Answer:
Each of the environmental movements has slightly different contexts, they are essentially demanding the rights of the local communities over the environment. Chlpko movement acted to prevent the cutting of trees and reclaim their traditional forest rights that were threatened by contractors. Narmada Bachao Andolan has stood for the rights of the people over land, forests, and river.

Question 18.
What is the impact on the environment by the use excessive of pesticides and chemicals?
Answer:

1. The excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers exhibits a negative impact on the society.
2. The environment cannot absorb harmful substances than a limit.
3. When waste output exceeds the it the seduction is limited, and danger occurs to the environment
4. It pressurizes the environment’s ability to provide different resources for production.

Question 19.
Is it correct to take HDI (Human Development Index) as a measure of development?
Answer:

1. As a measure of development, HDI is an improvement over GDP and per capita income.
2. The idea of development is hardly limited to the production of goods and services.
3. The rapid expansion of production and income coexist with malnutrition and lack of education and health.
4. HDl expands the meaning of development to include social indicators of health and education.

Question 20.
A high % workforce in low-paid employment, increase In GDP and the enormous variety of goods and services being produced can benefit only select groups Read this and interpret.
Answer:

1. In India 90% of workforce is in the unorganized sector, where the conditions of working are not encouraging at all.
2. Incomes of both self-employed and wage workers In unorganised sectors are generally low and at times pitiably so.
3. With such a high percentage of the workforce in low-paid employment, an Increase In GDP and the enormous variety of goods and services being produced can benefit only to select groups.

Question 21.
“Construction of big dams leads to environmental problems.” Read this and interpret.
Answer:

1. They disrupt the lives and livelihoods of lakhs of people.
2. Many people lose their access to local environment.
3. Many people drop from a state of self-sufficiency to scarcity.
4. They are at times made to depend on external forces.
5. Many lose their needs without access to environment.
6. Rich biodiversity and treasure of knowledge is lost which comes traditionally.

Question 22.
Observe the table which shows the growth In the extraction of some key minerals In India.
Extraction of minerals in thousand Tonnes

Minerals	1997-1998	2010
Bauxite	6,108	18000
Coal	2,97,000	5,37,000
Iron ore	75,723	26,00,00
Chromite	1,515	3800

After your observation, what do you think about the environmental loss of such rapid growth of mining?
Answer:
1) Groundwater pollution would increase.
2) Temperatures would increase.
3) Air pollution would increase near the mining areas.
4) Water storage capacity would decrease due to soil erosion.
5) Extreme burning of coal leads ozone depletion.

4 Marks Questions

Question 1.
Read the text given below and write your opinion.
It is also important to realize that not only do people lose out as they are removed from their local environments, equally but the environment is also denuded of its rich biodiversity as the traditional knowledge ¡s lost along with the people.
Answer:
The largest of the dams constructed is the Sardar Sarovar, which floods more than 37,000 hectares of forest and agricultural land, displacing more than half a million people and destroying some of India’s most fertile and. The project has devastated human lives and bio-diversity by inundating thousands of acres of forest and agricultural land.

A disproportionate number of those being displaced are Adivasis and Dalits. Access to the environment serves a large number of their needs which otherwise they would have to pay for.

As they lose access to environment either because of displacement or because the environment is destroyed and polluted, the poor are the greatest sufferers. The question of environment and sustainability is intimately connected to the issue of equity.

Question 2.
Write a letter to your district collector on the problems of environment In your area.

Wyra,
Khammam.
xxxxx.

To,
The District Collector,
Khammam District,
Kharrwnam.

Respected Sir,
lam Srinivasa Rao, the resident of Gandhi Chowk. I would like to bring a few lines to your notice about problems of environment In our local area.

In our locality, the migrant number is increasing. They are coming to city because of their needs and problems but it leads to new problems here. Water supply, sewage and other waste disposals, transportation and pollution problems are arising. There are plastic covers on the roads everywhere. Many animals on the roads eat those covers and die. As the garbage is increasing and it is not property deaned, unbearable stench is spread. There may be a scope for different diseases.

I request you to take proper effective measures wherever polluted industries aro there and they should be shut down and minimize polluted plying vendee and reduce the release of greenhouse gases.

Yours faithfully.
xxxxx.

Question 3.
Study the table given below and answer the questions. Growth in Extraction of Some Key Minerals in india (in thousand tonnes)

Minerals	1997-1998	2008-2009
Bauxite	6,108	15,250
Coal	2,97,000	4,93,000
iron ore	75,723	2,23,544
Chromite	1,515	3,976

a) What do the particulars of above table tell about?
Answer:
Growth in extraction of some key minerals In India.

b) In comparison to Other minerals, which one Is not being extracted more than double In 2008-09?
Answer:
Coal is not being extracted more than double in 2008 – 09.

c) What might be the reasons for Increase in mining?
Answer:

1. Number of industries increased.
2. Using machinery in mining.
3. Consumption of minerals increase.
4. Greed of human beings.

d) What do you think would be the environmental and human costs of such rapid growth in mining?
Answer:

1. Sustainability of minerals
2. Diversion in the direction of river flow
3. Causes for floods.
4. Extinction of forest cover.

Question 4.
Read the following paragraph and write your opinion on it.
We are already experiencing the negative sequences of rapid economic growth on several fronts – the problem of groundwater and pesticides being two stark examples. We have several thousands of communities in Irving off the environment. To destroy the environment means to destroy these communities.
Answer:

1. The idea of development has been contested through problems of environment.
2. The groundwater levels tell rapidly and groundwater recharge is also not to the expected level
3. Fertilizers made the soil less fertile and ever-increasing costs to farmers.
4. Industrialisation has resulted in a world where natural resources are threatened.

My Opinion: Always we should be able to integrate environmental concerns with the idea of progress, along with issues of equity and justice. We have to find an environmentally sustainable pathway out of poverty.

Question 5.
Read the paragraph, understand and write your opinion on it.
While Industrialisation has brought a lot of material comforts, at least to some it has resulted in a world where natural resources are threatened and now even the climate is being disrupted. This pattern of growth dearly cannot continue.
Answer:
Opinion on Paragraph;
1) industrialisation in the world has brought a lot of material comforts loi the humans to lead a happy life.
2) Man has invented from small pin to big plane with these metals obtained by mining.
3) But at the same time the minerals are reducing in their quantity because man’s short sigtitedness.
4) As a result of man’s greediness the natural resources such as metals and fossil fuels
are declining and threatening our planet to fall in danger.
5) Because clover use of these resources, climatic changes are going on with the depletion of ozone layer damage and environmental degradation.
I conclude that this type of growth does not create sustainable development to the planet and further it becomes unjustifiable in degrading our environment.

Question 5.
How do the environmental resources affect the economic growth?
Answer:
In various contexts, the environmental resources have been used up and damaged to an unprecedented extent in the course of economic growth. Deforestation. soil erosion, lowering groundwater tables. Increasing pollution, pressure on grazing land, and rising dependence on fossil fuels. industrial emissions, use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides in agriculture, and climate change are some of the important and urgent environmental issues before us. While industrialization Ibas brought a lot of material comforts at least to some, It has resulted in a world whore natural resources are threatened and now even the climate is being disrupted.

Question 6.
Write about the NVDP.
Answer:
The Narmada Valley Development Project is the single largest river development scheme In India. It is one of the largest hydroelectric projects in the world and Is supposed to generate power, provide ringback and help with flood control. The environmental costs of such a project which involves the construction of more than 3,000 large and small darns. are mense.

The largest of the dams constructed es the Sardar Sarovar, which floods more than 37,000 hectares of forest and agricultural land, of displacing more than half a million people and destroying some of India’s most force land. The protection has devastated human lives and biodiversity by inundating thousands of acres of forests and agricultural land. A disproportionate number of those being displaced are Adivasis and Datifs.

Question 7.
What is the link between most rural communities and the environment?
Answer:
For most rural communities, the link between the environment and the byes of the people is very strong. Access to the environment serves a large number of their needs (like food, firewood, fodder, economically valuable articles etc.) which otherwise they would have to pay for. As they lose access to environment either because of displacement, or the environment is destroyed and polluted, the poor are the greatest losers. The question of environment and sustainability is intimately connected to the issue of equity.

Question 8.
What is the relation between development and environmental Issues?
Answer:
Development has to be achieved at any cost. Growth in GDP and modern industrial development are necessary. it is argued, for raising the living standards of people and reducing poverty. Since modem industrial end agricultural development are intensive in use of natural resources including energy, depletion of resources and pollution of the environment is to be expected.

It is a sacrifice that has to be borne for higher growth. Once high economic growth and prosperity is achieved, pollution and environmental degradation can be handled. One can spend money and clean up the air and rivers, drink bottled water and build cars that are fuel efficient. After all this is the route the developed countries have taken.

Question 9.
Write your comments on organic farming.
Answer:
Organic farmers forego the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Instead, they rely mainly on natural techniques such as crop rotation, compost and biological pest control in farming. One of the main characteristics of organic agriculture is the use of local resources including on-farm biological processes such as the availability of pest predators (birds, spiders, insects) or soil micro-organisms (Rhizobium and Azotobacter) which make nutrients more accessible to the plant. The use of synthetic chemical inputs is minimized and farms can be bio-diverse as they produce a number of crops rather than only one or two crops. Furthermore, production levels can be maintained similarly to modern agricultural methods.

Question 10.
Read the following paragraph and interpret In your own words.
Recent data on the status 0f groundwater resources in India suggests that the groundwater is under serious threat el overuse in many parts of the country. Nearly one-third of the country is propping out more groundwater than what goes in as recharge. About 300 districts have reported a water level decline of over 4 meters during the past 20 years. This points to an alarming rate of extraction.
Answer:
According to this paragraph, the groundwater resources are decreasing as we are overusing it. Maximum of water is pumped out from deep layers. Recharging is less and pumping ¡s more. In future, It will become a major problem to all people. The rate of extraction of water is dangerous for our existence.

Extraction of groundwater doesn’t affect the particular area where the extraction is going on but it affects all surrounding areas also, The depth of the bore wells is increasing day by day. If it continues, there will be no water in those bore wells also. Overuse of groundwater is found in the agriculturally prosperous states like Pun jab and western Andhara Pradesh. There is a change in the quality of the water also. Both quality and arid quantity have become the problem. Roads are being covered with cement and tar and many of the premises of houses are covered with cement. Overusing of plastic has also become a
problem.

It creates a layer in the crust of the earth. There is no scope for water percolation, There should be a change in the human attitude. Our behaviour should be environment friendly. We should not overuse the groundwater. Deep wells should be discouraged. Plastic usage should be prohibited. Government should take stringent action against the people who do not follow these conditions.

Question 11.
Read the following paragraph and interpret it In your own words.
This pattern of development is in direct contrast to what sustainable development stands for. Sustainable development Is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In other words, a better quality of life for everyone -now and for generations to come.
Answer:
According to the paragraph given, the development which meets the needs of the present people without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is called sustainable development. Better quality of life is necessary not only for us but for the next coming generations also. The present concept of development is not like this. The present scenario is quite an adversary to the paragraph. There is no such feeling of future generations and their needs.

All generations have the right on utilizing the natural resources like water, air and soil, and so on. If we do not consider this, how the next generations survive that everyone should think of, To what extent the natural resources we need to that extent only we use. This concept is to be spread among the people.

Government should take up awareness programmes on this issue. Stringent actions should be initiated against who violate the eco laws and acts. In some areas multinational companies have taken up the lands and pumping out the water and selling them. How does the government give permission to such companies which lead to tall down of groundwater level? Government should think about this and take action to make sustainable development a real concept.

Question 12.
Read the following paragraph and write your opinion.
For most rural communities, the link between the environment and the lives people is very strong. Access to environment serves a large number of their needs (like food, firewood, fodder, economically valuable articles, etc.) which otherwise they would have to pay toi. As they lose this access to environment either because of displacement. or because the environment is destroyed and pouted. the poor are the greatest sufferers. question of environment and sustainability Is intimately connected to the issue of equity.
Answer:
According tihe paragrãh given here, the rural people are attached with environment for their food and other commodities. When there is a displacement they don’t have this facility of getting commodities. These poor people suffer a lot when the environment is destroyed and polluted.

My opinion on this paragraph is that many a time it is happening in many places. When displacement takes place, the forest dwellers have to face many problems. They don’t have sufficient food and land for cultivation. They don’t get loans as they are new to the money lenders of that place. The banks also don’t give loans as they have no collateral.

They are forced to vacate the place and so they don’t have access to their commodities. They have to pay money for everything. Most of these people are very poor. Their relation between forest and livelihood is inseparable. The rural women go to forest areas or nature and collect their firewood and fodder for their regular use.

The government should think about the troubles of these people when they are asked to move from their living places. I am not opposing to constructing dams and projects but the displacement should not lead to troubles. Alternate arrangements should be made keeping their problems in mind.

Question 13.

Growth in the Extraction of Some key Minerals in India (In thousand tonnes)
	1997-1998	2010
Bauxite	6108	18000
Coal	297000	537000
Iron Ore	75723	260000
Chromite	1515	3800

Read the table and answer the following questions.
1. What are the minerals given In the table?
Answer:
The minerals given In the table are bauxite, coal, chromite, and Iron ore.

2. Which minerals were extracted more?
Answer:
The minerals coal and iron ore were extracted more.

3. WhIch minerals were extracted less? Why?
Answer:
The minerals which were extracted less are bauxite and chromite as their usage is less.

4. What are the environmental problems In extraction of these minerals?
Answer:
With excessive extraction of minerals many environmental problems anse. Forest areas are lost; many species, animals, birds, trees extinct increase pollution leading to siltation.

Question 14.
Locate the following points on the India map provided.
1) Mumbai
2) Hyderabad
3) Madhya Pradesh
4) Gujarat
5) Tamil Nadu
6) Kerala
7) Punjab
8) Uttar Pradesh
9) River Narmada
10) Sardar Sarovar Project
11) Delhi
Answer:

Question 15.
How does the lifestyle of people influence the environment? What are your suggestions to protect the environment?
Answer:
There is a strong bondage between the lite style of human kingdom and environment. Environment fulfills many of our needs. The people of a region lives according to their environment. Their traditions, cultures, festivals, etc. are based on their environment

My Suggestions:

1. Natural resources should be used limitedly.
2. Forest should not be cut down. We should take care of them.
3. Industrial wastes should be recycled.
4. The establishment of industries which release more pollution should be restricted.
5. People should be enriched with the knowledge of environment.

Question 16.
Observe the following Graph diagram.

Write a brief note on the inequality in India based on the graph.
Answer:

1. 3 million households with annual income above Rs. 17 Iakh are classified as rich.
2. 31 million households with annual income between Rs. 3.4 to Rs. 17 Iakh are classified as middle class.
3. 71 million households’ income is between Rs. 1.5 to Rs. 3.4 Iakh classified as aspirers.
4. 135 million Iakhs classified as deprived.
5. In our country more than 90% of the people are in unorganized sector.
6. It dearly says that rich are becoming more rich, whereas the poor remain poor.
7. There is inequality in holding wealth as well as opportunities.
8. Wide inequalities in incomes arid opportunities across people cannot be the basis for a just society.