Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions and Answers

These AP 7th Class Science Important Questions and 2nd Lesson Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions will help students prepare well for the exams.

Class 7 Science Nutrition in Animals Extra Questions

Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Important Questions

Question 1.
How can you say that humans are heterotrophs?
Answer:

• Humans get food from plants or animals which in turn eat plants.
• Thus, we can say that humans are directly or indirectly depends on plants for food.

Question 2.
Why does tooth decay occur?
Answer:
When food remains stuck in teeth, bacteria feed on them. As a result, lactic acid produced, which causes the destruction of enamel. This leads to tooth decay. Chocolates, sweets, soft drinks and other sugar products are the major culprits of tooth decay.

Question 3.
What are villi? What are their functions?
Answer:

• Inner wall of small intestines have thousands of finger – like out growths called villi.
• They absorb the digestive food for assimilation.

Question 4.
What are the components in the buccal cavity ? How does the diet change there ?
Answer:

• Buccal cavity contains tongue, teeth and secretions of salivary glands.
• Carbohydrates digestion starts here.

Question 5.
How does we get good health?
Answer:

• Healthy body leads to healthy mind.
• When all our body system functions properly, we say that we are in good health.
• So, one should avoid bad habits and maintain healthy life-style.

Question 6.
How do you appreciate the saprotrophs as they clean the environment ?
Answer:

• Saprotrophs grow on the dead bodies, decompose them and mix them with soil.
• Thus that help us by cleaning the earth surface by removing the dead and decaying matter.
• Hence, I appreciate the saprotrophs.

Question 7.
How do you appreciate the role of teeth in digestive system ?
Answer:

• Holozoic organisms (animals) take food from the outside in the form of solid or liquid.
• The teeth in the mouth break the food into small pieces and grind the pieces into paste for easy digestion.
• The teeth help of animals to tear the hardest meat also. So, I appreciate the role of teeth in digestive system.

Question 8.
How do you protect your health ?
Answer:

• Inever attempt the bad habits like smoking, chewing of tobacco, drinking of alcohol.
• I will minimize the eating of sweets, fatty foods, junk foods and drinking of soft drinks.
• I will follow and practice good habits like asanas, exercises and games.
• I will maintain good hygienic habits like brushing of teeth, bathing, drinking of water etc. regularly.

Question 9.
Draw a neat and labelled diagram of amoeba ?
Answer:

Question 10
Write a short note on nutrition in Niarfish?
Answer:
Amazing tact: Starfish feeds on animals covered by hard shells of calcium carbonate. After opening the shell, the starfish pops Out its stomach through its mouth’to eat the soft animal Inside the shell. The stomach then goes back into the body and the food is slowly digested.

Question 11.
What are the different compartments of alimentary canal through which the food passes through?
Answer:

• Buccal cavity
• Food pipe or oesophagus
• Stomach
• Small intestine
• Large intestine ending in the rectum and
• Anus

Question 12.
What happens to the food inside the body?
Answer:

• The food components gradually get digested as food travels through the various compartments.
• The inner walls of the stomach and small intestine and the various glands associated with the canal such as salivary glands, the liver and the pancreas secrete digestive juices.
• These digestive juices convert complex substances of food into simpler ones.

Question 13.
What is ingestion? Where does it occur?
Answer:

• The process of taking food into the body is called ingestion.
• It occurs in mouth.

Question 14.
Where do find salivary glands? What do they secrete?
Answer:

• The mouth has the salivary glands.
• The secrete Saliva.
• It contains an enzyme called salivary anylase.

Question 15.
Draw a neat and labelled diagram showing the movement of the food in the oesophages of the alimentory canal?
Answer:

Question 16.
Draw the diagram of tongue showing different regions having different taste buds?
Answer:

Question 17.
Describe the structure of stomach?
Answer:

• The stomach is a thick walled bag.
• It’s shape is like a flattened.
• It is the widest part of the alimentary canal.
• It receives food from the food pipe at one end and opens into the small intestine at the other.

Question 18.
What are the different secretions of the stomach?
Answer:
1. The inner lining of the stomach secretes

• Mucous
• Hydrochloric acid and
• digestive.

2. The mucous protects the lining of the stomach.
3. Hydrochloric acid many bacteria that enter along with the food and makes the medium in the stomach acidic and helps the digestive juices to act.

Question 19.
Where does the protein digestion start in the alimentary canal ?
Answer:

• Protein digestion starts in stomach.
• The digestive juices breakdown the proteins into simpler substances.

Question 20.
Write a short note on small intestine ?
Answer:

• The small intestine is highly coiled and is about 7.5 metres long.
• It receives secretions from the liver and the pancreas.
• Intestinal wall also secretes juices.

Question 21.
What is liver and what is it’s importance in digestion?
Answer:

• The liver is a reddish brown gland situated in the upper part of the abdomen on the right side.
• It is the largest gland of our body.
• Liver secretes ‘bile juice’ which plays an important role in the digestion of fats.

Question 22.
What is gall bladder? What is it’s function?
Answer:

• Gall bladder is a sac like structure present near the liver.
• It stores bile juice which is secreted from liver.

Question 23.
What are the end products of different food components ?
Answer:

• Carbohydrates – Glucose
• Fats – Fatty acids and glycerol
• Proteins – Amino acids.

Question 24.
What are Villi? What is their function in small intestine?
Answer:

• The inner walls of small intestine have thousands of finger like projections. These, are called Villi.
• The villi increase the area of absorption of the digested food.

Question 25.
Write a short note on large intestine?
Answer:

• The large intestine is wider and shorted than small intestine.
• It is about 1.5 metre in length.
• It’s function is to absorb water and some salts from the undigested food material.

Question 26.
What is called egestion?
Answer:
The faecal matter is removed through the anus from time to time. This is called egestion.

Question 27.
Why do ruminants digest cellulose?
Answer:

• The grass is rich in cellulose, a type of carbohydrate.
• In ruminants like cattle, deer, etc., bacteria present in rumen helps in digestion of cellulose.

Nutrition in Animals Extra Questions

Question 1.
What change does the food undergo inside the mouth ?
Answer:

• We chew the food with the teeth and break it down mechanically into small pieces.
• Carbohydrates are digested in the mouth.
• Food also mixed with saliva and thrown into the stomach.

Question 2.
How does holozoic nutrition take place in amoeba ?
Answer:
Amoeba is a microscopic single-celled organism found in pond water. Amoeba has a cell membrane, a rounded, dense nucleus and many small bubble-like vacuoles in its cytoplasm. Amoeba constantly changes its shape and position. It pushes out one, or more finger-like profections, called pseudopodia or false feet for movement and capture food. Food vacuole forms around the captured food. Food get digested in it, observed into the cytoplasm and assimilates. Finally undigested food is sent out by opening this vacuole out at the body surface.

Question 3.
What happens to the food in the stomach ?
Answer:

• Stomach is a muscular sac like structure.
• Food is grinded well and mix with its juices.
  Proteins digestion starts in the stomach.
• Hydrochloric acid in the stomach kills bacteria in the food.

Question 4.
How does drinking of alcohol and consuming tobacco products damage our health?
(OR) What are the risks of consuming alcohol and smoking/ chewing tobacco ?
Answer:

• Bad habits like smoking/chewing of tobacco and drinking of alcohol effect our health adversely.
• Drinking of alcohol can lead to liver diseases, digestive problems. It causes cancer of the mouth, throat, oesophagus and liver.
• When consuming tobacco products, tobacco particles stick to teeth gums and skin of the mouth cavity which leads to swelling, injury, pain and also causes throat and intestine cancer.

Question 5.
What are the uses of different types of teeth?
Answer:
There are four types of teeth. They are:

• Incisors: These are used to biting and cutting of food like apple, bread etc.
• Canines: These are used to tear the food like meat, sugarcane etc.
• Premolars: These are used to chew and grind the food.
• Molars: These are also used to chew and grind the food further more fine.

Question 6.
How do you protect your health ?
Answer:

• I never attempt the bad habits like smoking, chewing of tobacco, drinking of alcohol.
• I will minimize the eating of sweets, fatty foods, junk foods and drinking of soft drinks.
• I will follow and practice good habits like asanas, exercises and games.
• I will maintain good hygienic habits like brushing of teeth, bathing, drinking of water etc. regularly.

Question 7.
How do you appreciate the role of teeth in digestive system ?
Answer:

• Holozoic organisms (animals) take food from the outside in the form of solid or liquid.
• The teeth in the mouth break the food into small pieces and grind the pieces into paste for easy digestion.
• The teeth help of animals to tear the hardest meat also.
  So, I appreciate the role of teeth in digestive system.

Question 8.
Draw a neat diagram showing the arrangement of teeth and different types of teeth?
Answer:

Question 9.
Write a short note on Pancreas ?
Answer:

• The pancreas is a large cream coloured gland located just below the stomach.
  The pancreatic juice acts on carbohydrates, fats and proteins and changes them into simpler form.
• It also acts as endocrine gland.

Question 10.
Write the process of assimilation in our body?
Answer:

• The surface of the villi absorbs the digested food materials.
• The absorbed substances are transported via the blood vessels to different parts of the body where they are used to build complex substances such as the proteins required by the body.
  his process is called assimilation.

Question 11.
What happens in cellular respiration?
Answer:

• In the cells, glucose, breaks down with the help of oxygen into carbondioxide and water.
• Energy is also released.
• The released energy is stored in a stable form to utilise for different cellular activities.

Question 12.
What happens to the undigested food material in the digestive system ?
Answer:

• The undigested food passes into the rectum, and remains there as semi-solid faeces.
• The faecal matter is removed through the anus from time to time.
• This is called egestion.

Question 13.
What is diarrhoea ? How can we save the patients of diarrhoea?
Answer:

• The passing of watery stool frequently is called diarrhoea.
• It may be caused by infection, food poisoning or indigestion.
• Because of excessive loss of water and salts, the patient even may die.
• Even before a doctor is consulted, the patient should be given plenty of boiled and cooled water with a pinch of salt and sugar dissolved in it.
• This is called Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS).

Question 14.
“Cellulose is not digested in humans” – Why ? State the reason?
Answer:

• Animals like horses, rabbits, etc., have a large sac like structure called caecum; between the oesophagus and the small intestine.
• The cellulose of the food is digested here by the action of certain bacteria.
  These kind of bacteria are not present in human digestive systems.

Question 15.
Write the steps involved in rumination?
Answer:

• Animals like cows, rabbits, horses, etc., quickly swallow the grass and store it in a part of stomach called rumen.
• Here, the food gets partially digested and is called cud.
• But, the cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and the animal chews it.
• This process is called “rumination” and these animals are called ruminants.

Question 16.
Draw a neat and labelled diagram of digestive system of a ruminant?
Answer:

Extra Questions of Nutrition in Animals Class 7

Question 1.
Describe different types of teeth and their functions.
Answer:
Teeth are four types. They are

1. Incisors
2. Canines
3. Premolars
4. Molars.

1. Incisors:

• Incisors are located in the front center of the mouth.
• They are four teeth in upper jaw and four teeth in lower jaw.
• These are chisel shaped teeth.
• Function: Bite of the food into pieces.

2. Canines:

• Canines are located either side of incisors.
• They are 2 in upper jaw and 2 in lower jaw.
• Canies are slightly more pointed them incisors.
• Function : Tearing of food.

3. Premolars:

• Premolars are located behind the canine.
• They are 4 in upper jaw and 4 in lower jaw.
• These teeth have two cusps and 1 or 2 roots.
• Function : Tearing and grinding of food.

4. Molars :

• These are located in the last part of the mouth.
• They are 6 in the upper jaw and 6 in the lower jaw. (including wisdom teeth)
• These molars have a large flat biting surface with 4 cusps and 2 or 3 roots.
• Function : Chewing and grinding food.

Question 2.
What precautions will you take to keep your digestive system healthy?
Answer:

• Washing hands before eating.
• Chewing food well.
• Drinking enough water.
• Avoiding to take junk foods, cool drinks etc.
• Being stress and strain free.
• Avoiding skipping meal.
• Avoiding bad habits like smoking, chewing of tobacco, drinking of alcohol.
• Practicing exercises and yoga.
• Taking good nutrition food.

Question 3.
How do Amoeba takes its food?
Answer:

• Amoeba has many small bubbles – like vacuoles in its cytoplasm.
• Amoeba pushes out one or more finger – like projections called pseudopodia fo movement and capture of food.
• Food vacuole forms around the captured food.
• Food get digested in it, absorbed into the cytoplasm and assimilates.
• Finally, undigested food is sent out by opening this vacuole out at the body surface

Question 4.
Where do the food eaten by us go ?
Answer:

• We take food in the form of solids or liquids.
• It goes to the digestive system, which is consisting of the alimentary canal an digestive glands.
• Food get’s digested in the digestive system.
• Digested food is absorbed by the blood.
• Blood transports digestive food to different parts of the body for assimilation.
• Undigested food will be ejected out of the body.

Question 5.
Write the names of steps and processes involved in Holozoic nutrition.
Answer:
The steps involved in holozoic nutrition are :

• Ingestion – Food is taken into the body.
• Digestion – Conversion of food into simple soluble forms.
• Absorption – Transfer of food to the blood.
• Assimilation – Absorbed food became the part of the body.
• Egestion – Removal of waste products and undigested food from the body.

Question 6.
How can you say that the nutrition in human beings is holozoic nutrition ? (OR) How does nutrition takes place in human beings?
Answer:

• Human beings take food in the form of solids or liquids.
• It get’s digested in the digestive system.
• Digested food is absorbed by the blood.
• Blood transports digested food to different parts of the body for assimilation.
• Undigested food will be ejected out of the body.
• So, the nutrition in human beings is holozoic nutrition.

Question 7.
Describe the construction of digestive system in human beings.
Answer:

• The digestive system in human beings consists of the alimentary canal and digestive glands.
• The total length of alimentary canal is about 9 meters.
• Its main parts are mouth, oral cavity/buccal cavity, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, rectum and anus.
• The salivary glands, liver and pancreas are the digestive parts connected to the alimentary canal.

Question 8.
Describe the holozoic nutrition in human beings. (OR) Explain the differrent parts in the digestive system of human beings.
Answer:

• Human beings take food in the form of solids or liquids.
• It gets digested in the digestive system.
• The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and digestive glands like salivary glands, liver, pancreas etc.

a) Ingestion :

• Mouth : Food is taken into the body through the mouth.
• Buccal cavity : It contains tongue, teeth and secretions of salivary. Food becomes paste here.
• Pharynx : It is the common chamber for both digestive track and respiratory track.
• Oesophagus: It is a muscular tubular structure that connects pharynx with stomach. Food goes into stomach in peristaltic motion.

b) Digestion :

• Stomach: It is a muscular sac like structure. Food is grinded well and mix mixed its juices. Proteins digestion starts in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria in the food in the stomach.
• Duodenum : It is the first part of the small intestine. Bile juice from liver, pancreatic juice from pancreas enters into it and helps in digestion.
• Small intestine : It is about six meter long. Digestion of food is completed here with the help of its juices.
  (Note: Digestion starts in mouth.)

c) Absorption :

• Small intestine: The inner wall of small intestine have thousands of finger – like outgrowths called villi. They absorb the digested food.
• Large intestine : It absorbs water and minerals from the undigested food.

d) Assimilation :
Blood : The absorbed food mix with blood. Blood transport it to all body parts for assimilation.

e) Egestion :

• Rectum : it is a storage point of undigested food.
• Anus : The undigested fecal matter removed through anus.

Question 9.
What is the reason for a choking sensation or hiccups ?
Answer:

• When food particles enter the wind pipe. The wind pipe carries air from nostrits to lungs.
• It runs adjacent to the food pipe.
• But inside the throat air and food share a common passage.
• During the act of swallowing, a flap like value closes the passage of the wind pipe and guides the food into the food pipe.
• If by chance, food particles enter the wind pipe, we feel choked, get hiccups or cough.

Case Based / Data – Based Questions

I. Read the following information carefully and answer the following questions.

Different ways of taking food
The mode of taking food into the body varies in different organisms. Bees and hummingbirds suck the nectar of plants, infants of human and many other animals feed on mother’s milk. Snakes like the python swallow the animals they prey upon. Some aquatic animals filter tiny food particles floating nearby and feed upon them.

Question 1.
Humming birds feed on …………
A) Insects
B) Small birds
C) Snakes
D) Nectar
Answer:
D) Nectar

Question 2.
The mode of intake of food by python and snakes is …………
A) Biting
B) Chewing
C) Swallowing
D) Siphoning
Answer:
C) Swallowing

Question 3.
The mode of intake of food by butterfly is …………
A) Biting
B) Chewing
C) Siphoning
D) Sponging
Answer:
C) Siphoning

Question 4.
Houseflies take their food by …………
A) Sponging
B) Sucking
C) Chewing
D) Swallowing
Answer:
A) Sponging

Question 5.
The mode of intake of food by aquatic animals by …………
A) Filtering the floating food particles
B) Biting
C) Chewing
D) Sponging
Answer:
A) Filtering the floating food particles

II. Read the following information carefully and answer the questions.

The food components gradually get digested as food travels through the various compartments. The inner walls of the stomach and the small intestine, and the various glands associated with the canal such as salivary glands, the liver and the pancreas secrete digestive juices. The digestive juices convert complex substances of food into simpler ones. The digestive tract and the associated glands together constitute the digestive system.

Question 1.
Digestive system includes …………
A) Digestive tract
B) Digestive glands
C) Teeth
D) A and B
Answer:
D) A and B

Question 2.
Hydrochloric acid is secreted in …………
A) intestine
B) large intestine
C) stomach
D) mouth
Answer:
C) stomach

Question 3
Liver secretes a digestive juice called …………
A) Bile
B) Salivary amylase
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Pancreatic juice
Answer:
A) Bile

Question 4.
Bile juice is stored in …………
A) gall bladder
B) Pancreas
C) Liver
D) Small intestine
Answer:
A) gall bladder

Question 5.
Saliva is secreted in …………
A) Mouth
B) Small intestine
C) Stomach
D) Large intestine
Answer:
A) Mouth

III. Read the following information carefully and answer the questions below.

Have you observed cows, buffaloes and other grass eating animals chewing continuously even when they are not eating? Actually, they quickly swallow the grass and store it in a part of the stomach called rumen. Here the food partially digested and is called ‘cud’. But later the cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and the animal chews it. This process is called rumination and these animals are called ruminants.

Question 1.
Which of the following is a ruminant …………
A) Rabbit
B) Horse
C) Cow
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

Question 2.
‘Cellulose’ is not digested in …………
A) Cow
B) Goat
C) Sheep
D) Mouth
Answer:
D) Mouth

Question 3.
Celiulose is digested in ruminants with the help of …………
A) Fungi
B) Bacteria
C) Virus
D) Algae
Answer:
B) Bacteria

Question 4.
The food is stored partially in ruminants is …………
A) Rumen
B) Stomach
C) Small intestine
D) Large intestine
Answer:
A) Rumen

Question 5.
Cellulose is digested in …………..
A) Stomach
B) Caecum
C) Small intestine
D) Large intestine
Answer:
B) Caecum

IV. Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below.

Amoeba is a microscopic single-celled organism found in pond water. Amoeba has a cell membrane, a rounded, dense nucleus and many small bubble-like vacuoles in its cytoplasm. Amoeba constantly changes its shape and position. It pushes out one, or more finger-like projections, called pseudopodia or false feet for movement and capture of food.

Question 1.
Amoeba is a …………
A) Multicellular organism
B) Single-celled organism
C) Tissue grade organism
D) Single celled and aquatic organism
Answer:
D) Single celled and aquatic organism

Question 2.
Amoeba captures it’s food with the help of …………
A) Pseudopodia
B) Food vacuole
C) Nucleus
D) None of the above
Answer:
A) Pseudopodia

Question 3.
The type of nutrition in Amoeba is …………
A) Holozoic
B) Autotroph
C) Saprotroph
D) Parasitic
Answer:
A) Holozoic

Question 4.
Amoeba constantly changes it’s …………
A) Food
B) Shape
C) Pseudopodia
D) Nucleus
Answer:
B) Shape

Question 5.
Food is Amoeba is digested is …………
A) Food vacuole
B) Nucleus
C) Pseudopodia
D) Nucleus
Answer:
A) Food vacuole

Question 6.
Digestive juices are secreted into …………
A) Food vacuole
B) Nucleus
C) Pseudopodia
D) Cytoplasm
Answer:
A) Food vacuole