AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh

Students must practice these AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions 9th Lesson Economy of Andhra Pradesh to boost their exam preparation.

AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions 9th Lesson Economy of Andhra Pradesh

Long Answer Questions

Question 1.
Wrife an essay on the economy of Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
The erstwhile state of Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated into AP and Telangana states on 2nd June, 2014. Now AP comprises 13 districts (9 coastal and 4 Rayalaseema districts).

Andhra Pradesh, in terms of area and population, is one of the largest states in India. It is the eighth largest state in India in terms of area, accounting for 4.96 per cent of the area of the country. It has a total geographical area of 160.21 lakh hectares. In terms of population, it is the tenth largest state in India, with 4.96 crores. It has 40.95 per cent of cultivable land and 21.81 per cent of forests in its total geographical area.

Features of AP economy: The important features of AP economy are:
1) Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP): The GSDP of AP is almost doubled from 1,34,767 crores to Rs. 2,50,282 crores between 2004-’05 and 2013-14.

2) Per capita Income: The rate of growth of per capita income of AP is higher than the National’s per capita income growth rate. It increased from Rs. 25,959 in 2004-05 to Rs. 85,797 in 2013-T4. But there is no continuous trend. Among the districts Visakhapatnam, with a per capita income of Rs. 1,13,860 stands first while Srikakulam remains at the bottom with almost half of the per capita income of Visakhapatnam.

3) Sectoral contribution of GSDP: During 2004- 05 and 2013-’14 the sectoral contribution of Agriculture to GSDP has fallen from 29.85 per cent to 23.33 per cent, industrial sector from 21.61 to 20.71 per cent but service sector share has increased from 48.54 to 55.96 per cent.

4) Trends in population growth: In the total population of India, the total population of AP is 4.96 crores i.e., 4 per cent in the total Indian population. The rate of growth of population of AP is declining from 18.96 in 1961-71 to 9.21 per thousand in 2001¬71, the lowest growth rate.

5) Unemployment Rate: As per 68th round of NSSO estimates for 2011-‘ 12, unemployment rate of AP is less than the national average (12 in case of AP rural and 17 in case of India). But urban unemployment rates are concerned, 43 for AP urban areas and only 34 for total Indian urban areas.

6) Poverty: Andhra Pradesh is known for introducing innovative poverty alleviation programmes like subsidized rice, Indira Kranthi Patham for women empowerment, Rajeev Swagruha Pathakam for housing of poor, pensions to old age people, health insurance schemes like Arogyasri, etc. These programmes are helping the poor in various ways. As a result, the number of people living below the poverty line is decreasing continuously.

AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh

Question 2.
What is SGDP ? Explain the trends in SGDP of Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
SGDP means the State Gross Domestic Product. It refers to the total money value of all financial goods and services within the geographical boundaries of the state during a year estimated at the current market prices.

Trends in SGDP of AP: The trends in the growth rate of GSDP or AP and the GDP of India are shown in the following table.

Year Andhra Pradesh GSDP (Rs. Crores) Growth rate (%) All India
GDP
(Rs. Crores)
Growth Date (%)
2004-05 1,34,767 29,71,646
2010-11 2,08,273 6.81 49,18,533 8.91
2011-12 2,23,465 7.29 52,47,530 6.69
2012-13 2,35,930 5.58 54,82,111 4.47
2013-14 2,50,282 6.08 57,41,791 4.74

From the above table, it can be observed that the GSDP of AP and the GDP of India is almost doubled between 2004- 05 and 2013-74. There is an increasing trend in the GSDP of AP (Rs. 1,34,767 crores in 2004-’05 to Rs. 2,50,282 crores in 2013-74). The growth rate of GSDP of AP is increasing and it is more than the growth rate of GDP of India, there are ups and downs also in the growth rate.

Question 3.
Expain the trends in population and per capita income growth in Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
The erstwhile state of Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated into AP and Telangana states 2nd June, 2014. Now AP comprises 13 districts (9 coastal and 4 Rayalaseema districts).

Andhra Pradesh, in terms of area and population, is one of the largest states in India. It is the eighth largest state in India in terms of area, accounting for 4.96 per cent of the area of the country. It has a total geographical area of 160.21 lakh hectares. In terms of population, it is the tenth largest state in India, with 4.96 crores. It has 40.95 per cent of cultivable land and 21.81 per cent of forests in its total geographical area.

Features of AP economy: The important features of AP economy are:
1) Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP): The GSDP of AP is almost doubled from 1,34,767 crores to Rs. 2,50,282 crores between 2004-’05 and 2013-14.

2) Per capita Income: The rate of growth of per capita income of AP is higher than the National’s per capita income growth rate. It increased from Rs. 25,959 in 2004-’05 to Rs. 85,797 in 2013-T4. But there is no continuous trend. Among the districts Visakhapatnam, with a per capita income of Rs. 1,13,860 stands first while Srikakulam remains at the bottom with almost half of the per capita income of Visakhapatnam.

3) Sectoral contribution of GSDP: During 2004-’05 and 2013-’ 14 the sectored contribution of Agriculture to GSDP has fallen from 29.85 per cent to 23.33 per cent, industrial sector from 21.61 to 20.71 per cent but service sector share has increased from 48.54 to 55.96 per cent.

4) Trends in population growth: In the total population of India, the toted population of AP is 4.96 crores i.e., 4 per cent in the total Indian population. The rate of growth of population of AP is declining from 18.96 in 1961-71 to 9.21 per thousand in 2001¬71, the lowest growth rate.

5) Unemployment Rate: As per 68th round of NSSO estimates for 2011 -‘ 12, unemployment rate of AP is less than the national average (12 in case of AP rural and 17 in case of India). But urban unemployment rates are concerned, 43 for AP urban areas and only 34 for total Indian urban areas.

6) Poverty: Andhra Pradesh is known for introducing innovative poverty alleviation programmes like subsidized rice, Indira Kranthi Patham for women empowerment, Rajeev Swagruha Pathakam for housing of poor, pensions to old age people, health insurance schemes like Arogyasri, etc. These programmes are helping the poor in various ways. As a result, the number of people living below the poverty line is decreasing continuously.

Question 4.
Importance of Agriculture in Andhra Pradesh Economy.
Answer:
Agriculture plays an important and crucial role in the economy of A.P. The following points prove this.
1) Share in the State’s GSDP: Though the share of agriculture in the state’s GSDP is gradually declining, still its contribution is significant. Even now, nearly 20 per cent of the GSDP of AP is being contributed by the agriculture.

2) Source of livelihood: Agriculture the major source of livelihood to about 62.36 per cent of the state’s population.

3) Land utilisation: AP is the 8th largest state in India with 160.20 lakh hectares of geographical area. It consists of 4.87 per cent of land in the total area of India. The land utilisation pattern in the state of AP is steady, with minor changes over the period. Still there is a lot of scope to increase the land under cultivation. Forest lands constitute 22 to 26 per Cent of the geographical area.

4) Area under food and non-food crops: In AP, food crops area is dominating with 65 per cent of the cultivable area. Thfe area under non-food crops is around 32 per cent.

5) Productivity of major crops: The yield per hectare of land indicates the efficiency of agricultural sector. There is a rise in the productivity cam be observed in case of paddy, jowar, redgram, cotton, chillies, tobacco etc. but the yield decreased in case of wheat, bajra, maize, oil seeds etc.

6) Irrigation: The following table shows the source wise irrigation of gross irrigate area in AP in 2013 -14.

S.No. Source of Irrigation Irrigated area (in hectares) Percentage in total
1. Tanks 3,77,035 9.21
2. Canals 19,55,558 47.75
3. Wells 16,22,666 39.62
4. Other sources 1,40,197 3.42
Total 40,95,456 100.00

As per the estimates for 2013-T4, the net are irrigated in the total cultivable land is 46 per cent. The gross area irrigated is 40.96 lakh hectares. 10.82 lakh hectares of land use irrigation facility twice in a year. In the total net area irrigated, nearly 48 per cent of land is irrigated through canals, per cent by tanks and 40 per cent by wells.

7) Other features:

  • The average size of land holding is small, only 1.6 hectares.
  • By 2010, the institutional credit sources accounted for 61 per cent of agricultural credit whereas non-institutional sources around 38 per cent of credit needs.
  • In the institutional credit, commercial banks contribute upto 70 per cent, followed by co-operative credit (20 per cent) and RRBs (10 per cent)
  • By 2011, 8,685 Kisan credit cards were distributed.
  • Steps are taken to remove the defects in agricultural marketing system.
  • AP ranks first in the production of citrus, spices, oil palm, tomato, chillies, turmeric and tobacco, second in Mango and Cashew, Third in loose flowers and Fourth in Banana production in India.
  • AP stands in the second position in cericulture and in silk production.

AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh

Question 5.
Importance of Industry in Andhra Pradesh economy.
Answer:
The pace of economic development of any economy is decided by the role of industrial sector. The state of AP is endowed with a wide variety of natural resources, longest coast line in South India, good infrastructure, experts in technical field and wide market opportunities. The following points explain the importance of industrial sector in the AP economy.

A) Share of industrial sector in GSDP: The share of industrial sector in GSDP is increasing continuously in absolute terms. It increased from Rs. 29,124 crores in 2004-’05 to Rs. 51,838 crores in 2013-T4. But the share of industrial sector in GSDP, in percentage terms, decreased slightly from 23.7 to 20.7 during 2007-08 and 2013-’14.

B) Employment opportunities: The share of industrial sector in providing employment opportunities in AP is increasing very sluggishly. In 2011, the share of industrial sector in providing employment is around 21 per cent.

C) Plan Allocation: The plan outlay allocated forth state of AP for the industrial sector shows a mixed trend in various plans. In the 12th Five Year Plan, in 2012-T3, Rs. 784 crores, in 2013-T4 Rs.934 crores were allocated for the development of the industrial and mineral sector in AP.

D) Index of Industrial production: Industrial production Index helds to measure industrial development. It is said that, in the state of AP, the industrial production index, is continuously growing from 250.6 in 2009-10 to 294.7 in 2011-T2.

E) Number of factories registered: The timber of factories working 9,742 in 2009-T0 to 11,195 in 2011-’12. Among the districts, GUNTUR is having the highest number of registered factories which accounts for 2,293. Lowest number of factories are registered in Vijayanagaram with 198 factories.

F) Other important points:

  • The value of industrial exports is increasing.
  • The total sick units of AP are 10.2 per cent in the country and the state stood in 4th place.
  • In the combined state, there are 44 state public enterprises.
  • Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation (APIIC) is the Nodal agency for Special Economic Zones (SEZs). AP is the first state in the country to announce an exclusive SEZ policy.
  • As on March 2014, there were 32 SEZs in AP in which 10 are IT related, 6 multi product, 4 pharmaceuticals, 2 Biotech and 10 sector specific. Recently, the AP government finalised Visakhapatnam SEZ in an area of 3,500 acres.

Question 6.
Importance of Tertiary sector in AP economy.
Answer:
Tertiary / Service sector is the fastest growing sector in Andhra Pradesh, as it is in the entire India. Some important points about the service sector is explained below.
1) Contribution to the GSDP: Service sector is the major contributor to the GSDP of AP. In 2013-14 an amount of Rs. 64,411 is contributed (55.96 per cent) to our GSDP. IT is the fastest growing sector in AP.

2) Employment generation: The service sector in AP, provides employment to nearly 1/4 th of AP labour force.

3) Irrigation: Irrigation development as well as management is given utmost importance. There are about 54 major, medium and minor irrigation projects in the state with a hope to irrigate 52 lakh acres. At present Pulichintala, Polavaram and Pattiseema projects are being under taken. Drip irrigation is also being encouraged by the AP government.

4) Power: The AP state government, with the co-operation of centred government is trying to give uninterrupted power in the state. AP has the total installed power generation capacity of 16,717 MW. (70% thermal, 21% hydal power). Solar and wind power generation is also encouraged in the state.

5) Transportation: The transportation system i.e., railways, roadways, civil aviation and sea ports are given due importance by the AP government. Metro rail transport system is going to come in Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam.

6) Other features: There is also a remarkable progress in IT and Telecommunications, Postal services, banking services, Housing programmes, etc. in AP.

Question 7.
Explain the Irrigation facilities in Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
Irrigation development is given utmost importance in the state of AP. The AP state is rightly called ‘A River State’ as it is blessed with major rivers like Godavari, Krishna Tungabhadra, Vamsa’dhara, Penna and other rivulets. At present, 54 major, medium and minor irrigation projects are being considered with a hope to provide irrigation to 52 lakh acres.

Polavaram project is a multipurpose project which is given the status of ‘National Project’. This dam is under construction on the river Godavari’ and it is located in West Godavari in AP. This project is expected to provide irrigation facility 23,20,000 acres in West Godavari, East Godavari, Krishna, GUNTUR districts of AP.

Recently, the Government of AP announced Pattiseema project which is crucial as it lifts the surplus Godavari water from Pattiseema to Krishna Basin and divert it through Srisailam project to Rayalaseema area, till polavaram project is completed. This projects helps in satisfying the drinking water and irrigation needs of Rayalaseema districts.

The Government of AP is also encouraging Drip irrigation system. It is supplying the drip irrigation equipment at subsidized rates to the farmers. The AP state ranks 1st in Micro irrigation system in the country. So far it covers nearly 5.63 lakh hectares in our state.

Question 8.
Explain about the transport facilities in Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
The transport facilities in the state of AP are explained below.
1) Railways: Railways have played a significant role in boosting the AP economy along side developing the industrial and the tourism sectors.

AP has 3 major railway zones viz. South Centred Railway, Southern Railway and East Coast Railway. The AP state has 444 railway stations and has 3,355 kms. of rail network. The AP government proposals are with Railway Ministry to establish a new Railway zone at Waltair.

Most parts of AP falls under SC Railway Zone (2660 kms) with Vijayawada, Guntur and Guntakal divisions. The Waltair division is the 4th largest revenue earning division in India. Vijayawada is the highest grosser in SCR zone and one of the busiest railway junctions in India.

2) Roadways: AP has an extensive road network of 1,46,954 kms with 3,144 kms of National Highways, 42,511 kms of State Highways 1,01,484 kms of District Roads. Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation, established in 1998 is responsible for maintenance and management of roads in the state.

The APSRTC operates public bus services in the state. It is owned by the state government. The RTC daily transports about 64.22 passengers and operates on about 46.22 lakh kms. Apart from RTC, there are thousands of private buses and lorries helping in the transportation of passengers and goods.

3) Civil Aviation: The AP government has entered into MOU with Airport Authority of India (AAI) for the upgradation and modernization of non-metro airports at Vijayawada, Tirupati, Kadapa, Rajahmundry and Visakhapatnam airports. The AAI proposed to upgrade the Tirupati Airport to International standards.

The state government proposes to set up Regional Green field Airports for better linkage and for triggering economic growth in the state. There are plans to develop International and domestic airports at important cities.

4) Sea ports: AP has the second largest sea coast of 972 kms after Gujarat in India. Ports provide development and growth of maritime activities such as exports and imports, ship repairs, fishing, tourism and water sports.

Ports are the gateway to trade and commerce. Visakhapatnam is the largest port in AP. It is also are of the largest cargo handling ports in the country. There is also a passenger service of cruise from Visakhapatnam to port Blair in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Other important ports in AP are Kakinada, Machilipatnam, Gangavaram, Krishnapatnam ports.

AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh

Question 9.
Role of Information Technology in the economic development of Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
Andhra Pradesh was considered as Hi-tech capital and cilicon valley of India. But after bifurcation, the AP government announced that Vizag city is having the necessary potential to be developed as IT centre. IT parks would be developed in all district headquarters across the state in a phased manner. The following important points can be noted from APs IT sector.

  1. Vizag is going to be the IT capital of the state.
  2. Every district headquarters will have an IT park.
  3. IT sector contributed 38.22 per cent of total exports from AP (undivided AP)
  4. The IT sector provides employment to around 3 lakh employees by 2013.
  5. The IT sector’s export value was nearly Rs. 36,000 crores by 2013.
  6. Out of every 3 IT professionals working in USA, one is from India and out of every 3 Indians, one is from AP.
  7. AP has the highest number of IT special Economic Zones in India -10 out of 56 SEZs.
  8. IT exports are expected to go up from curent level of Rs. 36,000 crores to about Rs. 1,50,000 crores by 2017.
  9. Direct employment from the IT sector is going to increase from the present 3 lakhs to 7 lakhs.
  10. The state government is looking forward to integrate Information technology and biotechnology. In order to streamline the manufacturing process, the IT and BT sectors need to come together.

After the bifurcation of the state, the AP government developed a blue print for the development of IT industry in the state. The Government of AP has laid down a vision to “develop AP as an Innovative Society of global repute, with a focus on enhancing the quality of life of its people, through high quality education and Health care, increased productivity in Agriculture and allied activities, creation of employment by promoting Electronics and IT and above all by providing good governance”.

Intends to develop Vizag as a Mega IT hub. IT hubs shall also be developed at Vijayawada, Kakinada, Tirupati and Anantapur and Fiscal and non-fiscal incentives are announced in the IT policy of AP to attract more investments in the IT field.

Question 10.
Briefly give an account of the welfare schemes of Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
Since the concept of “Welfare State” is increasingly gaining importance all over India, the state government of AP is also implementing several welfare programmes/schemes. In the following table, the important welfare programmes are listed out.

AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh 6
AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh 7

Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
State Gross Domestic Product (SGDP).
Answer:
SGDP means the State Gross Domestic Product. It refers to the toted money value of all financial goods and services within the geographical boundaries of the state during a year estimated at the current market prices.

Trends in SGDP of AP: The trends in the growth rate of GSDP or AP and the GDP of India are shown in the following table.

Year Andhra Pradesh GSDP (Rs. Crores) Growth rate (%) All India
GDP

(Rs. Crores)

Growth Date (%)
2004-’05 1,34,767 29,71,646
2010-11 2,08,273 6.81 49,18,533 8.91
2011-12 2,23,465 7.29 52,47,530 6.69
2012-13 2,35,930 5.58 54,82,111 4.47
2013-14 2,50,282 6.08 57,41,791 4.74

From the above table, it can be observed that the GSDP of AP and the GDP of India is almost doubled between 2004-’05 and 2013-’14. There is an increasing trend in the GSDP of AP (Rs. 1,34,767 crores in 2004- 05 to Rs. 2,50,282 crores in 2013-T4). The growth rate of GSDP of AP is increasing and it is more than the growth rate of GDP of India, there are ups and downs also in the growth rate.

Question 2.
State per capita income.
Answer:
Per capita Income: The rate of growth of per capita income of AP is higher than the National’s per capita income growth rate. It increased from Rs. 25,959 in 2004- 05 to Rs. 85,797 in 2013-T4. But there is no continuous trend. Among the districts Visakhapatnam, with a per capita income of Rs. 1,13,860 stands first while Srikakulam remains at the bottom with almost half of the per capita income of Visakhapatnam.

Question 3.
Occupational distribution of labour in AP. [Mar. 2018, ’17]
Answer:
Dividing the total population of the country or state according to their occupations or work is called occupational distribution of population labour.
According to the statistical abstract of AP, 2014, prepared on the basis of 2011 census, the total number of workers in AP is 2,30,80,964.

Among them, the number of cultivators is 33,40,133 which is 14.47 per cent of the total workforce of A.P. The number of agricultural labourers, who do not have any land, but associated with agriculture, is 1,10,52,603. This is almost 47.89 per cent of the total workers. Thus the total percentage of workers depending on the primary sector is 62.36 per cent (14.47+ 47.89).

The number of labourers engaged in household industries are 6,62,608 which is merely 2.87 per cent of the total workers. As most of the economic activities relating to industrial and service sectors overlap, the number of workers engaged in these sectors together are to the tune of 80,25,620. It is 34.77 per cent of the total work force of A.P.

From the abdve analysis, it is clear that in AP, the number of people depending on the agricultural sector is still very high (62.36 per cent). The tertiary sector is in the second place in providing employment to a large number of persons after the agricultural sector in AP. The secondary or industrial sector’s contribution is steady and constant over the years in the state.

AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh

Question 4.
Environmental protection activities in the state. [Mar. 19(AP); May 18,17; Mar. ’17]
Answer:
Andhra Pradesh is having a good environmental conditions, it coast line is second in India and first among the South Indian States. It has thick forests (9th place in India) and eastern ghat range vertical across it, covering most of the districts. Its biodiversity is special in the country with a wide variety of species. To protect this rich environment, the AP government has taken the following steps. They are:

1) Implementing Environment protection programmes like community Forest Management (CFM), National Afforestation Programme (NAP) and National River conservation plan etc.

2) The AP government launched a programme called ‘Neeru-Chettu’ to save trees and conserve water in all districts in 2015.

3) The AP government’s Department of Energy decided to make the state as a largest Green Energy Corridor’ by increasing the production of renewable energy through solar and wind sources i.e., non conventional energy sources.

4) Forest Department celebrates Vanamahotsavam programme toencourage plantation.
This is a part of the ‘Social Forestry Programme’.

5) To protect the rich biodiversity of Flora and Fauna and eco system, the government declared 16 protected areas which include 13 wild life sanctuaries and 3 National Parks. Two important Zoological parks i.e., Indira Gandhi Zoological park, Visakhapatnam and Sri Venkateswara Zoological park, Tirupati were recognised by the central zoo authority. 3 deer parks in the state are also recognised. Steps are taken to protect the Kolleru lake.
Project Tiger and Environmental education are also given due importance by the AP government.

Question 5.
Importance of Tourism in AP. [Mar ’18, May ’17]
Answer:
AP is considered to be the Kohihoor of India and the destination state of India. The state of AP is recognised for its legendary dynasties, its most revered temples, toys of Kondapalli, lacquer toys and beautiful siiksarees, handiooms, rich literature, kuchipudi dance etc. The state with more-than 300 tourist locations attracts a large number of domestic and foreign tourists.

AP Tourism Development Corporation is a state government agency which promotes tourism in AP. It looks after the development of infrastructure and products. It is providing the facilities of transport, and hotels. The tourism department arranges tour packages.

The AP vision – 2020 envisaged tourism as a growth engine. The state government is making efforts to bring the world to Andhra Pradesh and take Andhra Pradesh to the world. The state government Is taking steps to make AP as a tourist friendly destination. The important types of tourism in AP are:

  • Piligrim Tourism
  • Health Tourism
  • Buddhist Tourism
  • Beach Tourism
  • Farm Tourism
  • Eco-Tourism and
  • Leisure Tourism

The tourist spots in AP are attracting both the domestic and foreign tourists. In 2013, the total number of tourists, both domestic and foreign, visited Andhra Pradesh, were estimated as 9,80,87,335 (Domestic tourists 9,80,17,783 and Foreign tourists 69,552).

Tourism, the smokeless industry, is now becoming an important revenue source for the state of AP along with IT sector.

Question 6.
Population characteristics of Andhra Pradesh. [Mar ’19 (AP); Mar ’18]
Answer:
The demographic (population) characteristics of the newly formed state of AP are explained below.
1) Total population: The total population of AP is 4.96 crores which accounts for 4.1 per cent of India’s population.

2) Density of population: The density of population of AP is 304 persons per square kilometer in 2011.

3) Sex ratio: The sex ratio or sex composition of AP i.e., the male and female ratio is falling. The sex ratio in AP, in 2011 was 997 females for every 1000 males.

4) Age composition: The population of AP is divided into 3i age groups on the basis of . age structure. In 2011 25 per cent of AP population was in the age group of 0-14 years, 64 per cent in the age group of 15-59 years and 10.7 per cent in the age group of above 60 years.

5) Rural and Urban population: In AP still the majority of population lives in rural areas but however, the rural population percentage is falling and that of urban pbpul^idii i^ndr^asing. According 2011 population census about 30 per cent population of AP lives in urban areas and about 70 per cent of population still lives in rural areas.

6) Literacy: The AP literacy rate is 67.35 per cent in 2011 Of this the male literacy rate is 74.77 per cent and the female literacy rate is 60.01 per cent.

Question 7.
Welfare Schemes related to different sections in Andhra Pradesh
Answer:
Since the concept of “Welfare State”, is. increasingly gaining importance all over India, the state government of AP is also implementing several welfare programmes/schemes. In the following table, the important welfare programmes are listed out.

AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh 8
AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh 9

Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
SGDP [March 2018, May 2018, 17]
Answer:
SGDP means the State Gross Domestic Product. It is the total money value of all fined goods and services produced with in the geographical boundaries of a state during a year. It is estimated at the current market prices.

Question 2.
Density of population in AP.
Answer:
The density of population refers to the average number of persons living per square kilometre of land area. As per 2011 census estimation it is 304 persons per square kilometre in AP.

AP Inter 2nd Year Economics Important Questions Chapter 9 Economy of Andhra Pradesh

Question 3.
Literacy rate in AP.
Answer:
The reading and writing skill of the people is called literacy. It is 67.4 per cent in AP, according to 2011 census of population, in which male literacy is 74.83 per cent and female literacy is 60.01 per cent.

Question 4.
Project Tiger. [Mar ’19 (AP); May, Mar ’18]
Answer:
Project tiger programme is implemented in AP with the objective of protecting and increasing the number of tigers in the state of AP.
Sarva Siksha Abhiyan Sarva Siksha Abhiyan is introduced in 2001-02, with an objective of providing quality elementary education to all children in the age group of 6 to 14 grass and to bridge social, regional and gender gaps with active community participation. Its aim is to achieve the goal of “Universalisation of Education” by 2010.

Question 5.
Any Welfare Programme [May 2017]
Answer:
The Government of AP is implementing various welfare programmes in the state. For e.g.: Janani Suraksha Yojana. This programme aims at reducing maternal and infant mortality rates in the state.

Question 6.
Eco – Tourism [March 2017]
Answer:
Eco-tourism refers to the tourism relating to natural scenic beauty places. Maredumilli, Nelapattu, Mamandoor, Talkona, Ethipothala, etc. are the famous eco-tourism centres in AP.

Question 7.
Civil Aviation in AP
Answer:
Civil Aviation in the fastest mode of transportations, transporting people and goods very quickly with in the country/state. The AP government with the co-operation of Airport Authority of India proposes to upgrade the Gannavaram Airport and Tirupati Airport to International level. There are also plans to setup a few more domestic airports in the state.

Question 8.
Roadways in AP.
Answer:
AP has an extended road network of 1,46,955 kms with 3,144 kms of National Highways, 42,511 kms of State Highways and 1,01,484 kms of District roads.

Question 9.
Seaports in AP. [Mar. 19 (AP); Mar. 17]
Answer:
AP has the second largest coastline of 972 kms. The seaports are the gateway to trade and commerce. The important seaports in AP are: Visakhapatnam, Kakinada, Machilipatnam, Krishnapatnam, Gangavaram seaports.

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