AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Study Material Chapter 13 Recent Developments in Andhra Pradesh and India

by

Andhra Pradesh BIEAP AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Study Material 13th Lesson Recent Developments in Andhra Pradesh and India Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Study Material 13th Lesson Recent Developments in Andhra Pradesh and India

Long Answer Questions

Question 1.
Describe the Formation of Andhra Pradesh State.
Answer:
The Desire of Formation of Andhra Pradesh is not a new one. Sri C.R. Reddy expressed his feeling of formation of Andhra Pradesh by virtue of their Telugu speaking on the eve of his guest lecture of convocation of Osmania University in 1938 later Proi. Mamidipudi Venkata Rangaiah expressed this view in an article.

1) Role of Communist Party:
The Credit of the development of concept of Visalandhra has goes to communists of Andhra. They got thumping majority in 1952 general elections both in Andhra and Telangana regions the formation of Visalandhra was also included in their election manifesto to they used to promote the feeling among the people by establishment of Andhra State in 1953, October 1st the politics has gone through the regions of Andhra and Telangana towards the formation of Visalandhra.

2) First Visalandhra Mahasabha :
In 1949, November 26 the first Visalandhra mahasabha was held at Vijayawada under the leadership of Sri Ayyadevara Kaleswara Rao.

3) Second Visalandhra Mahasabha:
In 1954, June 13 and 14 the second Visalandhra Mahasabha was held at Hyderabad led by Sri. Sri.

4) Fazal Ali Commission:
In the wake of formation of separate Andhra the Keralites, Kamatakas used to agitate for separate states. The Marathas’had also joined with them N.V Gadgil advised Nehruji, it is inevitable to the formation of linguistic state, unless and otherwise the congress party eould not survive in South India. By following this advice on 22nd December, 1953 the Indian government has announced the formation of State Reorganization Commission (SRC) under the chairmanship of Fazal Ali, Besides him H.N.,Kunzru and K.M. Phanikkar were other members. The committee had submitted its report to the union government on 30th September, 1955.

The contmittee in its report observed and examined merits and demerits by forming Visalandhra and it also studied deeply the formation of separate, Telangana and its positive arguments by mentioning positive and Negative views the committee advised it is better to make an agreement like Sri Bagh which was held in the case of formation of separate Andhra State which does not create any obstructions for development of Telangana and will not create any harm to job opportunities and to protect the interests of Telangana people then the Visalandhra can be formed in addition to the above the Telangana Legislators has to approve the resolution with 2/3 majority who were elected in 1952.

5. Gentlemen’s Agreement :
In order to clear the doubts among the people of Telangana that the Visalandhra may obstruct their interests, the gentlemen’s Agreement look place on 20th February, 1956 at Delhi basing on the recommendations of Fazal Ali Commission. It was attended by Sri Bezawada Gopala Reddy the then Chief Minister of Andhra State, and his Colleagues Sarvasri Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy, Gouthu Lanchanna, Alluri Satyanarayana Raju from Andhra Region.

Sri Burgula Ramakrishna Rao the then Chief Minister of Hyderabad state and his colleagues Savasri K.V. Ranga Reddy, Marri Chenna Reddy, J.V. Narsinga Rao from Telangana Region, They had signed on the Agreement which contains the follows aspects. ‘

  1. The administrative expenditure of the state shall be contributed in proportion of both Andhra and Telangana. The surplus of Telangana should be confined for its development up to five years and it may be extended for another five years at the request of Telangana legislators.
  2. The educational opportunities which are in Telangana shall be provided for them only more development is to be extended. Technical education and seats in Universities shall be allocated up to 1/3 for Telangana students.
  3. The Vacancies arise in Future shall be allocated to both Regions in proportion to their population.
  4. 12 years of Residency is must for Andhra people to get job in Telangana.
  5. Regional Development council shall be constituted for over all development of Telangana.
  6. In Council of ministers there shall be 60% from Andhra and 40% from Telangana respectively there must be one Muslim from Telangana part.
  7. If the chief minister is belongs to Andhra Region, the deputy chief minister must be from Telangana Region and vise-versa. At least 2 port folios must be given to Telangana out of Home, Finance, Revenue, Planning, Development, Commerce and Industry.

Decks had been cleared for formation of Visalandhra in the wake of gentle men’s agreement. The state Reorganization Bill was introduced in both houses of parliament on 16th March, 1956.

On 5th April, 1956 the bill was approved by the Andhra legislative assembly by the following amendments.

  1. The Name of the state should be Andhra Pradesh.
  2. The capital and the high court must be set up at Hyderabad.
  3. The general elections shall be held for the entire Andhra Pradesh in 1962.
  4. The legislative council with 72 members should be setup.

→ On 13 April, 1956 the bill was approved by the Hyderabad state legislative assembly.
→ On 25th August, 1956 the bill was approved by Rajya Sabha and later by Lok Sabha.
→ On 31st August, the president of India gave his assent to the bill.
→ On 1st November, 1956 on the eve of Diwali the first linguistic state of Andhra Pardesh was formed.
→ C.M. Trivedi was the first governor.
→ Neelam Sanjeev Reddy was the first chief minister.

AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Study Material Chapter 13 Recent Developments in Andhra Pradesh and India

Question 2.
Examine the causes that led to Bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
The movement for separate Telangana state was revived with the creation of Chattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttarakhand in 2000. This time, the political movement was spear headed by the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS). Andhra Pradesh was the first state to be formed on the linguistic basis. But even after co-existence of 57 long years, the sense of same language has failed to keep the people of the state united.

The rationale behind the agitation for Telangana is not merely .’Economic Backwardness’ but the culmination of grievances such as intentional neglect of the region in water sharing, funds allocation, employment opportunities and even cultural discrimination. These claims may or may not pass the test of rationality. But, once a section of people start exhibiting their serious apprehensions and inconveniences to, live with their counterparts in other regions, it is difficult to sustain unity.

Causes that led to Bi-furcation :

  1. The congress party entered into an alliance with TRS in 2004 elections.
  2. The congress led UPA government promised that the decision on separate Telangana state will be taken at an appropriate time by getting consensus of all the political parties through the presidential address to the parliament during its first session on the eve of formation of 14th Lok Sabha. ,
  3. The U.P.A government constituted a cabinet sub-committee headed by Sri Pranab Mukhaijee to have wider consultations with all the political parties regarding credtion of separate Telangana. Sri Raghuvams Prasad Singh (RJD) and Sri Dayanidhi Maran (DMK) were the other two members.
  4. The Ruling party showed little interest in creating Telangana state. By the year 2009 when general elections are due, the congress party had gone back on its promise.
  5. During 2009 elections the Telugu Desam, CPI and CPM parties entered into electoral alliance with TRS by forming the grand Alliance that they are in favour of separate State of Telangana.
  6. In the Wake of Hunger Strike of Sri K. Chandra Sekhar Rao, the TRS supreme and with the intensification of agitation for separate Telangana. Home Minister Chidambaram said in December 2009, that is serious about Telangana.
  7. The government of India constituted a committee for consultations on the situation in Andhra Pradesh on 3rd February 2010. It was headed by Justice B.N. Sri Krishna. It examined two main issues namely, (i) the demand for separate statehood Telangana (ii) keeping the state united in the present form, Andhra Pradesh. The Committee submitted its report on 30 December, 2010 to the Ministry of Home Affairs.

The Sri Krishna Committee solicited suggestions and views from political parties, social organizations and other stakeholders. The Committee’s report contained six options. They are mentioned as follows.

  1. Maintaining the status quo.
  2. Bifurcation of the state into Seemandhra and Telangana. Each state is to develop its own capital. Hyderabad is to be converted into a Union Territory.
  3. Dividing A.P. into two states – one of Rayala Telangana with Hyderabad as its Capital and the second one of the coastal Andhra Pradesh.
  4. Dividing Andhra Pradesh into Seemandhra and Telangana with enlarged Hyderabad metropolis’as a separate Union Territory. It will be linked geographically to Guntur district in coastal Andhra via Nalgonda district in the south east and via Mahaboob Nagar district in the south to Kumool district in Rayalaseema.
  5. Bifurcation of the State into Telangana and Seemandhra as per existing boundaries with Hyderabad as capital of Telangana and Seemandhra to have new capital.
  6. Keeping the State united and providing for creation of statutorily empowered Telangana Regional Council for socio-economic development and political development of Telangana region.
  7. Telangana leaders rejected the recommendations of the Committee and insisted on the formation of Telangana state with Hyderabad as its capital, Protests in Telangana continued in the form of strikes, hunger strikes, suicides, giving petitions and roses to public officials and boycotting the public events. .
  8. The UPA coordination committee agrees to the division of Andhra Pradesh on July 30, 2013.
  9. Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Bill, 2014 was passed by the Parliament in February 2014 amidst pandemonium in the Parliament. The Seemandhra region was in turmoil.
  10. The Bill was attested by the President on March 1st 2014.
  11. The New 29th state of Telangana was created on 2nd June, 2014 with 119 members of Legislative Assembly and 40 members of Legislative Council, 17 members in the Lok Sabha and 7 members in Rajya Sabha.
  12. The Residuary state of Andhra Pradesh would-have 175 MLA’s, 58 MLC’s, 25 MP’s in Lok Sabha and 11 MP’s in Rajya Sabha. There would be a common High Court and the expenditure would be apportioned between the two states. Hyderabad will remain the common capital under the Governor’s supervision for not more than ten years. Later in May 2015 a nfew capital city for Andhra Pradesh was announced with ‘Aitiaravati’. The capital city would stretch to the parts of Guntur and Krishna districts of the new state.

Question 3.
Define Human Right? Describe the structure of National Human Rights Commission of India.
Answer:
Introduction :
People are human so they are entitled to human rights. Human Rights determine standards to states and governments to protect the vulnerable Individuals and groups against oppression.

Definition:

  1. Section 2(d) of the protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 defines Human Rights as “Rights relating to life, Liberty, Equality and dignity of the Individual, guaranteed by the constitution or embodied in the International covenants and enforceable by the courts in India”.
  2. According to UNO Human Rights are freedom to all irrespective of place, sex, religion, language etc.

As per the U.N. Declaration of human rights, the government of India too steps for its implementation. In 1993, it appointed National Human Rights Commission and also passed Human Rights Act in 1998.

Composition:
National human rights commission is a multi-member body. It consists of four members, headed by the former chief justice of the Supreme Court. There will be a Supreme Court judge (or former Judge). A high court judge (or former high court chief justice) and two other members who actively participated in the human rights activities. The chairman of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, minorities commissions, chairperson of national women commission act as the ex-officio members of the commission. There will be a General Secretary having the status of Secretary general in the commission.

Appointment:
The chairman as well as members of the commission are appointed by the President of India.

Tenure :
The Chairman and members shall hold their office for five years or until the super annuation age of 70, years which ever is earlier.

Functions :
The following are some of the important functions of national human rights commission.

  1. The national human rights commission makes enquiry into the cases of violation of human rights by the public authorities.
  2. It enquires into the cases of human rights violation as permitted by the judicial organizations.
  3. It review the various legislative measures in regard to the implementation of human rights.
  4. It makes suggestions for averting terrorist operations affecting human rights.
  5. It makes research into the matter of human rights.
  6. It takes steps for creating awareness of human rights among the people.
  7. It gives encouragement to voluntary organizations in the mutters of preserving human rights.

Question 4.
Explain about the Right to Information Act.
Answer:
The Right to Information act 2005 is an act of the parliament “to provide a setting out the practical regime of right to information of citizens”. The act applies to all states and Union territories of India except to Jammu and Kashmir. According to the act all the citizens have the right to seek information from any quarter which under the control of the public authority. The idea’is tq give transparency, accountability and disclosure in Government administration.

The act specifies that citizens have a right to –

  • Request any information.
  • Obtain copies of documents.
  • Inspect document works and records,
  • Takes certified samples of materials of work.

Process :
Under the act all authorities covered must appoint their information officer (PIO). Any person may submit request to the PIO for information in writing. If the request has been made to the PIO the reply is to be given within thirty days of receipt.

If information is not provided within this period it is treated deemed refusal. This is a fee of Rs. 10 filling the request Rs. 2 for page of information Rs. 5 each hour of after the first hour. Persons Below the Poverty Line (BPL) are exempted from the fee payment. However he or she should submit a proof in support of his or her claim for belonging to the section below poverty line.

Exclusions :
IB, RAW, CBI, Directorate of revenue Intelligency, Central Economic Intelligency, Bureau, Narcotics Control Bureau, BFS, CRPF, ITBP, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Special branch, Laksha Dweep Police for that information relating to all allegation of human right violation could be given but only with the approval of Central (or) state information commission.

The following exempt from disclosure section (8) Eight:
→ Information disclosure of which would prejudicially effect the sovereignty and integrity of India.
→ Information which has been expressly forbidden to be published by any court of law or tribunal or disclosure of which may constitute contempt of court. Information the disclosure of which would cause the breach of privilege of parliament (or) state legislature.
→ Information whjch would impact the process of investigation or apprehension of prosecution of offenders.
→ The administrator appointed under Article 239 of the constitution.

The central information commission :
The central information commission consisted of one chief commissioner, number of CIC not exceeding ten. All the commissioners shall be appointed by the president of India. Head quarter is in Delhi.

The state information commission :
The state information commission consisted of one chief commissioner and not more than ten. Information commissioners appointed by the state.

The central information commission or state information commission as the case may be shall while inquiring into any matter have the same powers as or vested in a civil court.

Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Describe the formation of Andhra State. [Mar. 18, 16]
Answer:
During Vandhemataram movement, the senior congressmen of Andhra Region, Sri Bhoga Raju Pattabhi Seetha Ramaiah, Mutnuri Krishna Rao, Konda Venkatappiah and Tanguturi Prakasam Met at Machilipatnam and discussed about formation of an Integrated Andhra state by uniting the regions of Andhra, Rayalaseema and Telangana. In the Madras State, There are 58% of Telugu areas and 40% of Telugu people were remained backward.

This created the feeling of separate state of Andhra among them strongly. In 1912 the joint session of Godavari, Krishna and Guntur was held at Nidadavole under the chairmanship of Sri Vemavarapu Ramadas and passed a Resolution for formation of separate Andhra State.

1) The First Andhra Mahasabha, Bapatla 1913:
In 1913 at Bapatla of Guntur district, the First Andhra Mahasabha was held which was presided by Sri B.N.Sarma. It was attended by 800 delegates and 2000 Audience.

2) The Second Andhra-Mahasabha, Vijayawada 1914 :
On 11th April of 1914 the second Andhra Mahasabha was held at Vijayawada which was presided by Sri Nyapathi Subba Rao, Sri Ayyadevara Kaleswara Rao of Vijayawada was its Convener. It was attended by 1600 delegates.

3) The Third Andhra Mahasabha, Visakhapatnam 1915 :
In 1915, May the third Andhra Mahasabha was held at Visakhapatnam under the chairmanship of Sri Panagallu Raja Rama Rayanim. It pass two resolutions.

  1. Formation of separate Andhra State, Inevitable
  2. Teaching in mother tongue up to secondary school level

The Nagpur congress session in 1920 has declared officially by accepting the doctrine of linguistic states. It has Recoginsed 21 languages on that basis the separate Pradesh congress was launched. Article 52 of Indian council Act of 1919 which was made on the Report of Montague – Chelmsford stated that the government may accept the proposal of separate’Andhra State if such resolution is passed by majority in the state legislature.

In 1926, the Andhra university was established with a view to provide higher education to Andhra people due to sincere efforts by the then education minister, Sri Anem Parasuram Pathro.

In 1932, under the chairmanship of Sri Kadapa Kotireddy, The separate Andhra Mahasabha was held at Madras. Sri Kasinadhuni Nageswara Rao Pantulu and Prominent leaders of Andhra and Rayalaseema were participated.

4) Sri Bagh Pact :
On 14th November, 1937 at Madras in the residence of Sri Kasinadhuni Nageswara Rao panthulu namely “Sri Bagh” the meeting of leaders of Andhra and Rayalaseema was held.

Leaders from Andhra regio,n were Dr. Bhoga Raju, Pattabhi Seetha Ramaiah, Konda Venkatappaiah, Mahboob Alibegh, Desi Raju Hanumantha Rao, Mullapudi Pallam Raju and Kasinadhuni Nageswara Rao Pantulu.

Leaders from Rayalaseema were Sri Kadapa Kotireddy, Seetha Rami Reddy, Subbu Rami Reddy, T.N.Rama Krishna Reddy, Pappuri Ramachari and Varadachari.

On 30th march, 1938 Konda Venkatappaiah introduced a Resolution in Madras Assembly and it was seconded by Kadapa Koti Reddy. The then chief minister addressed the house on resolution. Later it was passed by the house unanimously.

In 1938 The Andhra Mahasabha was held which was presided by Dr. Sarvepalli Radha Krishna and discussed about capital.

The First Andhra Mahasabha, Bapatla 1913
The Second Andhra Mahasabha, Vijayawada 1914
The Third Andhra Mahasabha, Visakhapatnam, 1915
Sri Bagh Pact
Events that led to the formation of Andhra State.
J.VR Report
Hunger Strike of Swami Seetharam
Hunger Strike fast un to death of Potti Sreeramulu
Waanchu Committee 1953

5) J.VR Report:
The Jaipur congress session appointed three men committee which consists of Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhaipatel and Pattabhi Seetha Ramaiah, Popularly Known as JVP Committee to re consider the Separate state demand. The committee submitted report in 1949 April Stating that the separate state can be formed upon a condition that the Andhra people has to set a side the desire of Madras city.

6) Hunger Strike of Swami Seetha Ram :
With a view to get easy and speedy formation of separate Andhra State by over coming of all hurdles Sri Swami Seetha Ram (Sri Gollapudi Seetha Ram Sasthri) Started hunger strike on 15th August, 1952 at Guntur Town hall it was continued for 36 days.

7) Hunger Strike Fast un to death of Potti Sreeramulu:
For the Separate state hood of Andhra Potti Sreeramulu has started fast un to death on 19th October, 1952 at the Residence of Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurthy and it was later named as “Yagnasala”.

Under these circumstances on 9th December 1952 the union government announced that the government would consider the issue of Separate Andhra state if the Andhra people will agree for separate Andhra apart from Madras By that time Fast un to death of Potti Sreeramulu has gone to 52nd day on 15th December 1952 at 11.39 p.m. Potti Sreeramulu Possess away.

8) Waanchu Committee 1953 :
In Jan, 1953 the Government of India has appointed Justice Waanchu, the chief Justice of Rajasthan High Court to study the formation of separate Andhra state soon after the receipt of Waanchu report prime minister Nehru announced that the Andhra state will be formed on 18th October, 1953 and furtherly he stated it is the responsibility of Andhra Legislators to decide the capital, which has to be set up in Andhra region except Madras.

Formation of Andhra State:
The government of India appointed C.M.Trivedi as special officer to look into the New state formation activities. The separate state of Andhra was officially formed with “Kumool’ as its capital on 18th October, 1953 as announced earlier.

New Andhra State Consists of 11 Andhra districts Viz, Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur, Nellore, Chittoor, Kadapa, Anantapur and Kurnool.

High court was set up at Guntur on 4th July, 1954 Justice Koka Subba Rao was the first chief justice C.M.Trivedi was the First Governor of Andhra state.

“Tanguturi Prakasam Panthulu” was the first thief minister. Prime Minister Jawaharlala Nehru launched the Andhra State on 1st October, 1953. The people through out the state had Celebrated it as great event and Festival.

AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Study Material Chapter 13 Recent Developments in Andhra Pradesh and India

Question 2.
Examine the Factors that led to Jai Andhra Movement
Answer:
Jai Andhra Movement (1972) was a sequal to the Telangana agitation (1969) which demanded only “Mulkis” should be appointed to the posts in Telangana including Hyderabad city. The ‘Mulki’ issue had a long history behind it. As early as in 1969, the Nizam State of Hyderabad issued a farman laying down that only ‘Mulkis’ are eligible for public appointments in the state. ‘Mulki’ was defined as one who was bom in the State of Hyderabad or resided there continuously for fifteen years and had given an affidavit that he or she has abandoned the idea of returning to his or her native place.

Even after the formation of Andhra Pradesh, the Mulki rules continued to be in force in the Telangana region. As these rules stood in the way of the people of Andhra region to compete for the posts, their validity was challenged in the High Court. The High Court struck down Mulki rules. On an appeal by the state government, the Supreme Court declared that the Mulki rules were valid and were in force. The judgement created a great political crisis in the state. The people of Andhra region felt that they were reduced to the status of second class citizens in their own state capital. They have an agitation demanding separation of Andhra region from Andhra Pradesh.

As the agitation continued, President Rule was imposed in the state (1973) and a political settlement was arrived at with the initiative from the Central Government. A ‘Six Point formula’ was agreed upon by the leaders of two regions to prevent any recurrence of such agitations in future. It included, among others the following two points.

  1. The abolition of Mulki rules and the Telangana Regional Committee.
  2. The establishment of a Central University at Hyderabad to augment educational facilities.

Question 3.
What are the Initiative under taken by NHRC?
Answer:
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body. It was established on October 12th, 1993. The NHRC is the guardian of Human Rights in the country, i.e., the Rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the Individuals guaranteed by the constitution.

Initiatives under taken by NHRC :

  1. The enquire into any violation of human rights.
  2. To intervene in any proceeding involving allegation of violation of human rights pending before a court.
  3. To visit jails and detention places to study the living conditions of inmates and make recommendations thereon.
  4. To review the constitutional and other legal safeguards for the protection of human rights and recommended measures for their effective implementation.
  5. To review the factors including acts of terrorism that inhibits the enjoyment of human rights and recommend remedial measures.
  6. To study treatises and other international instruments on human rights and make recommendations for their effective implementation.
  7. To undertake and promote research in the field of human rights.
  8. To spread human rights literature among the people and promote awareness of the safeguards available for the protection of human rights.
  9. To encourage the efforts of NGO’s working in the field of human rights.
  10. To recommend to the concerned authorities to make payment of compensation or damage to the victims. .

Question 4.
Why are Human Rights commissions necessary at the National and State Level?
Answer:
People are human so they are entitled to Human Rights. Human rights determine standards to states and governments to protect the vulnerable individuals and groups against oppression.

The Human Rights Protection Act, 1993 facilitates not only the creation of National Human Rights Commission but also a State Human Rights Commission at the state level. At present 23 states in India have constituted the State Human Rights Commission and Andhra Pradesh is one among them. The main objective of State Human Rights Commission is to inquire into violation of human rights only in respect of subjects mentioned in the State List and concurrent List of the 7th schedule of Constitution.

The National Human Rights Commission is the guardian of human Rights in the country i.e. the rights relating to life, liberty equality, and dignity of the individuals guaranteed by the constitution.

Whereas the State Human Rights Commission is the guardian of human rights in the state.

Question 5.
What are the Powers and Functions of Information Commissions? [Mar. 17]
Answer:
The following are the powers and functions of information commissions both at central and state levels.

1. The Central Information Commission/State Information Commission (CIC/SCIC) has a duty to receive complaints from any person-

  • Who was not been able to submit an information request because a PIO has not been appointed?
  • Who has been refused information that was requested?
  • Who has received no response to his/her information request within the specified timelimits;
  • Who thinks the fees charged are unreasonable;
  • Who thinks the information given is incomplete or false or misleading; and
  • Any other matter relating to obtaining information under this law.

2. Power to order inquiry if there are reasonable grounds.
3. The Central Information Commission / State Information Commissions (CIC/SCIC) will have powers of Civil Court such as –

  • Summoning and enforcing attendance of persons, compelling them to give oral or written evidence on oath and to produce documents or things.
  • Requiring the discovery and inspecition of documents.
  • Receiving evidence on affidavit.
  • Requisitioning public records or copies from any court or office.
  • Issuing summons for examination of witnesses or documents.
  • Any other matter which may be prescribed.

4. All records covered by this law (including those covered by exemptions) must be given to Central Information Commission / State Information Commission (C.IC / SCIC) during inquiry for examination.

5. Power to secure compliance of its decisions from the Public Authority includes

  • Providing access to information in a particular form.
  • Directing the public authority to appoint a PIO / APIO where none exists.
  • Publishing information or categories of information.
  • Making necessary changes to the practices relating to management, maintenance and destruction of records.
  • Enhancing training provision for officials on RTI.
  • Seeking an annual report from the public authority on compliance with this law.
  • Require it to compensate for any loss or other detriment suffered by the applicant.
  • Impose penalties under this law.

AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Study Material Chapter 13 Recent Developments in Andhra Pradesh and India

Question 6.
How is the Central Information Commission Constituted?
Answer:
The Central Information Commission (CIQ is constituted by the central government through a Gazette Notification.

Composition:
The Central Information Commission consists of one Chief Information Commissioner (CIC) and 10 other information Commissioners (IQ.

The Commission shall have its head quarters in Delhi. Other offices may be established in other parts of the country.

Appointment:
The Chief Information Commissioner and Information Commissioners will be appointed by the president of India, basing on the recommendations of the appointment committee headed by the Prime Minister.

Eligibility (or) Qualifications :
The persons who wish to be appointed as chief information commissioner and information commissioner must possess the following

Qualifications:

  • He must be person of eminence in public life with wide knowledge and experience in law, science and Technology, Social service management, Journalism, Mass media or Administration and governance.
  • He shall not be a member of either union or State Legislature
  • He shall not hold any other office of profit
  • He shall not be connected with any political party
  • He shall not carrying on any business or pursuing any profession.

Tenure :
The Chief Information Commissioner and Information Commissioners shall remain in office for a period of 5 years or till they attains the age of 65 years, which ever is earlier.

Salary :
The salary of CIC and i.e will be the same as that of the chief Election Commissioner and the Election Commissioner.

The Commission will exercise its powers without being subjected to directions by any other authority.

Question 7.
What is the Time Limit to get the Information?
Answer:
Any citizen of the country can seek information from any agency subject to certain limitations. The applicant should submit an application to the Public Information Officer (PIO) or Assistant PIO or who is the officer to give information to a person, who seeks information under this Act, accompanied by a nominal fee (usually Rs. 10/-) in the form of demand draft / banker cheque / Indian Postal Order / Court Fee stamp. Persons below the poverty line (BPL) are exempted from the fee payment. However he / she should submit a proof in support of his or her claim for belonging to the section below poverty line.

Information is to be provided by the PIO / asst. PIO within 30 days if life and liberty is involved, the information should be furnished within 48 hours where third party is involved it is to be provided within 40 days. If the information is not forthcoming within the stipulated period, first appeal can be made to the head of the department. After a reasonable gap, the second appeal can be made to Information Commission. For refusing to furnish information or for unreasonable delay or for providing false information, a penalty of Rs. 250/- a day can be levied up to a maximum of Rs. 25000/-, and the employee can be prosecuted.

Question 8.
What are the different options suggested by Sri Krishna Committee regarding the status of Andhra Pradesh State? [Mar- 18, 16]
Answer:
The government of India constituted a Committee for consultations on the situation in Andhra Pradesh on 3rd February, 2010 headed by Justice B.N.Sfi Krishna. It Examined two main issues namely :

  • The demand for separate statehood of Telangana.
  • Keeping the state united in the present form, Andhra Pradesh.

The Committee submitted its report on 30 December, 2010 to the union home ministry.
The committee’s report contained the following six options.

  1. Maintaining the status quo.
  2. Bifurcation of the state into Seemandhra and Telangana. Each state is to develop its own capital. Hyderabad is to be converted into a union Territory.
  3. Dividing A.P into two states – one of Rayala Telangana with Hyderabad as its capital and the second one of the coastal Andhra Pradesh.
  4. Dividing Andhra Pradesh into Seemandhra and Telangana with Hyderabad metropolis as a separate union Territory. It will be linked geographically to guntur district in coastal Andhra via Nalgonda district in the south East and via Mahaboob Nagar district in the South to Kumool district in Rayalaseema.
  5. Bifurcation of the state into Telangana and Seemandhra as per existing boundaries with Hyderabad as capital of Telangana and Seemandhra to have new capital.
  6. Keeping the state united and providing for creation of statutorily empowered Telangana Regional council for Socio-economic development and political development of Telangana Region.

Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Gentlemen Agreement.
Answer:
In order to clear the doubts among the people, of Telangana that the Visalandhra may obstruct their interest, the gentlemen’s agreement took place on 20th February, 1956 at Delhi basing on the recommendations of Fazal Ali Commission. It was attended by Sri Bezawada Gopala Reddy the then Chief Minister of Andhra State, and his colleagues Sarvasi Neelam, Sanjeeva Reddy, Gouthu Lanchanna, Alluri Satyanarayana Raju from Andhra region.

Sri Burgula Ramakrishna Rao the then Chief Minister of Hyderabad State and his colleagues Savaging K.VRanga Reddy Marri Chenna Reddy, J.V.Narsinga Rao from Telangana Region. They had signed on the Agreement.

AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Study Material Chapter 13 Recent Developments in Andhra Pradesh and India

Question 2.
JVP Committee. [Mar. 18, 16]
Answer:
The Jaipur Congress session appointed three men committee which consist of Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhaipatel and Pattabhi Seetha Ramaiah popularly known as JVP Committee to reconsider the separate state demand. The committee submitted report in 1949 April stating that the separate state can be formed upon a condition that the Andhra people has to set a side the desire of Madras city.

Question 3.
Sri Bagh Pact.
Answer:
When the Andhra movement was in full swing the leaders of Rayalseema and Andhra met at the residence of Sri Kasinadhuni Nageswara Rao Panttulu on 14th November, 1937 popularly known as “Sree Bagh” the following leaders were participated in the meeting.

The meeting was held in a peaceful atmosphere. The following were the chief provisions of the pact.

  1. The centres of Andhra universities will be established one at waltair and another , at Rayalaseema.
  2. Giving importance to the development of Rayalaseema.
  3. Equal representation in the assembly for all the districts.
  4. To set up either new capital or high court in Rayalaseema.

Question 4.
Fazal Ali Commission.
Answer:
On 22nd December 1953 the Indian government has announced the formation of States Re-organization Commission (SRC) under the chairmanship of Fazal Ali, besides him H.N Kunzty and K.M Phanikkar were other members. The committee had submitted its report to the union government on 30th September 1955.

Question 5.
Criteria to be followed to be appointed as the chairperson of NHRC. [Mar. 17]
Answer:
The Chairperson of the NHRC is appointed by the president of India, on the recommendations of a six (6) member committee consisting of further a sitting judge of the supreme court or a sitting chief justice of High Court can be appointed only after consultation with the chief justice of India. This high level and politically balanced committee, together with the statuatory requirements relating to the qualifications of the chairperson.

Question 6.
Procedure to be considered for the appointment of chairperson and members of the state HRC.
Answer:
The Chairman and members of state HRC are appointed by. the concerned state governor on the recommendations of a committee consisting of the chief minister as its head, the speaker of the legislative assembly. In the case of a state having legislative council, the chairman of the council and the leader of the opposition in the council would also be the members of the Committee. The sitting judge of a High Court or a sitting District judge can be appointed as members only after consulation with the chief justice of the high court of the concerned state.

Question 7.
Human Rights Commission as a civil court.
Answer:
The Human Rights Commission has the powers of a civil court under the code of civil procedure, 1908 in respect of-summoning and enforcning the attendance of witness; discovery and production of any document; receiving evidence on affidavits, requisitioning any public record or copy there of from any court or office ; issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents and request of public record as listed under section 13 of the Act.

It has authority to grant interim relief.
It can recommend payment of compensation for the damages.

Question 8.
The Jurisdiction of NHRC on Armed forces.
Answer:
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) has limited role, powers, and Jurisdiction with respect to the violation of Human Rights by the Armed force. It has no power to punish the violation of Human Rights. The Commission’s Role is an advisory, Recommendatory. The government considers the cases forwarded by it.

Question 9.
Public Information Officer (PIO).
Answer:
Under the Right to Information Act, 2005 all authorities covered must appoint their information officer. Such an officer is called as Public Information Officer (PIO). In All Administrative Units PIO’s are designated to furnish information to any citizen. Any person may submit request to the PIO for information in writing.

AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Study Material Chapter 13 Recent Developments in Andhra Pradesh and India

Question 10.
What is Information?
Answer:
Information is any material in any form. It includes Records, documents, memos, e-mails, opinions, advice, press releases, circulars, orders, log books, contracts, reports, papers, samples, models and data material in any electronic form.

Leave a Comment