Students can go through AP Inter 2nd Year Chemistry Notes 10th Lesson Chemistry in Everyday Life will help students in revising the entire concepts quickly.
AP Inter 2nd Year Chemistry Notes 10th Lesson Chemistry in Everyday Life
→ Drug : The chemicals of low molecular masses ranging from 100 to 500 U that react with macromolecular targets to produce biological response are called drugs.
E.g.: Morphine, Codeine, Heroin etc.,
→ Chemotherapy : The use of medicines (chemical substances) in the treatment of diseases is called chemotherapy.
In chemotherapy diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases involved.
→ Antacids : Chemicals that remove the excess of acid in the stomach and maintain the pH to normal level are antacids.
E.g.: Omeprazole, Lansoprazole etc.,
→ Antihistamines : Chemicals that prevent the interaction of histamines with receptors of the stomach wall thus producing less amount of acid are antihistamines.
E.g.: Dimetapp, Terfenadine (Seldane).
→ Tranquilizers : The drugs which are used in the management (or) treatment of psychoes and neuroses are called tranquilizers
E.g.: Luminal, Seconal, Barbituric acid etc.,
→ Barbiturates : Derivatives of barbituric acid which functions as important class of tranquilizers are called barbiturates.
E.g.: Veronal, Amytatt etc.,
→ Analgesics : These are to reduce or totally abolish pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion, incoordination, paralysis, disturbances of nervous system etc.
→ Antimicrobials : The chemical substances which destroy (or) prevent the’developement (or) inhibit the pathogenic action Of microbes such as bacteria, fungi, virus are called antimicrobials.
E.g.: Lysozyme, Lactic acid etc.,
→ Antibiotics: The chemical substances produced by micro organisms and inhibit the growth or destroy microorganisms are called antibiotics.
→ Antiseptics : The chemical compounds that kill (or) prevent the growth of micro organism are called antiseptics.
→ Dejttol (antiseptic) is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol.
→ Tincture of iodine (antiseptic) is a mixture of 2 – 3% Iodine solution in alcohol-water.
→ Disinfectants : The chemical compounds used’ for killing (or) preventing the growth of microorganism are called disinfectants.
→ Antifertility drugs: These are birth control pills and contain a mixture of synthetic estrogen and progesterone derivatives.
→ Artificial sweetening agents : The chemical substances which are used instead of sucrose (or) sugar are called artificial sweetening agents.
→ Food preservatives : The chemical substances which prevent the spoilage of food due to microbial growth are called food preservatives.
→ Chemically soaps are sodium (or) potassium salts of long chain fatty acids.
→ Saponification : The process of formation of soaps containing sodium salts by heating esters of fatty acid with aq. NaOH solution is called saponification.
→ Synthetic detergents : The cleasing agents which are having all the properties of soaps but do not contain any soap are called synthetic detergents.