Andhra Pradesh BIEAP AP Inter 1st Year Sanskrit Study Material गद्यभागः 4th Lesson श्रीमलयाळस्वामी संस्कृतभाषासेवा Textbook Questions and Answers, Summary.
AP Inter 1st Year Sanskrit Study Material 4th Lesson श्रीमलयाळस्वामी संस्कृतभाषासेवा
लघुसमाधानप्रश्नाः Short Answer Questions
प्रश्न 1.
पत्रगतसन्देशः कः?
उत्तर:
यावत् पर्यन्तं गृहे भवन्तः अतिथिसत्कारं करिष्यन्ति तावत् पर्यन्तं भोजनार्थं मम श्रमः न भविष्यति। अहं दैवकार्यार्थं गमिष्यामि। मां मा अन्विष्यन्तु।
प्रश्न 2.
व्यासाश्रमद्वारा प्रकटिताः ग्रन्थाः के?
उत्तर:
व्यासाश्रमद्वारा प्रकटिताः ग्रन्थाः योगवासिष्ठम्, शङ्करविजयः, पातञ्जल योगदर्शनम्, विवेकचूडामणिः, अष्टावक्रगीता, बृहदारण्यकोपनिषद्, छान्दोग्योपनिषद् इत्यादयः।
प्रश्न 3.
वेलप्पः गुरुकुलं प्रविश्य कान् पपाठ?
उत्तर:
वेलप्पः गुरुकुलं प्रविश्य गीताम्, उपनिषदः, ब्रह्मसूत्राणि, अनेकान् वेदान्तग्रन्थान् च पपाठ।
प्रश्न 4.
व्यासाश्रमं कुत्र स्थापयामास?
उत्तर:
व्यासाश्रमं तिरुपति-श्रीकालहस्तिक्षेत्रयोः मध्ये एडुग्रामसमीपे स्थापयामास।
एकपदसमाधानप्रश्नाः One Word Answer Questions
प्रश्न 1.
के महापुरुषाः?
उत्तर:
ज्ञानप्रदायकाः महापुरुषाः।
प्रश्न 2.
मलयाळस्वामिनः जननीजनको को?
उत्तर:
मलयाळस्वामिनः जननीजनको नोट्टियम्माकरियप्पो।
प्रश्न 3.
तीर्थयात्रानन्तरं कुत्र तीव्र तपश्चकार?
उत्तर:
तीर्थयात्रानन्तरं तिरुमलस्थ-गोगर्भक्षेत्रे तीव्र तपश्चकार।
प्रश्न 4.
‘मलयाळस्वामि – संस्कृतभाषासेवा इति पाठ्यभागं केन विरचितम्?
उत्तर:
मलयाळस्वामि – संस्कृतभाषासेवा इति पाठ्यभागः समुद्राल लक्ष्मणय्येन विरचितः।
व्याकरणांशाः
1. सन्धयः
नवीने + अपि = नवीनेऽपि – पूर्वरूपसन्धिः
इति + आदयः = इत्यादयः – यणादेशसन्धिः
यति + ईश्वरः = यतीश्वरः – सवर्णदीर्घसन्धिः
तत् + गुरुकुलम् = तद्गुरुकुलम् – जश्त्वसन्धिः
पितरौ + उद्दिश्य = पितरावुद्दिश्य – अवयावादेशसन्धिः
कः + अपि = कोऽपि – विसर्गसन्धिः
यति + आश्रमम् = यत्याश्रमम् – यणादेशसन्धिः
अध्ययनेन + एव = अध्ययनेनैव – वृद्धिसन्धिः
2. समासाः
यत्याश्रमम् – यतेः आश्रमम् – षष्ठीतत्पुरुषसमासः
देशसेवा – देशस्य सेवा – षष्ठीतत्पुरुषसमासः
गीतावचनम् – गीतायाः वचनम् – षष्ठीतत्पुरुषसमासः
पितरौ – माता च पिता च – द्वन्द्वसमासः
जननीजनकौ – जननी च जनकश्च – द्वन्द्वसमासः
तिरुमलक्षेत्रम् – तिरुमल इति क्षेत्रम् – सम्भावनापूर्वपदकर्मधारयः
श्रीमलयाळस्वामी संस्कृतभाषासेवा Summary in English
श्रीमलयाळस्वामी संस्कृतभाषासेवा Introduction:
श्री समुद्राल लक्ष्मणय्यमहोदयः बाल्ये महर्षिसद्गुरुश्रीमलयाळ स्वामिभिः तिरुपतिश्रीकाळहस्तिक्षेत्रयोर्मध्ये एपेडुग्रामसमीपे स्थापिते व्यासाश्रम संस्कृतविद्यालये संस्कृताध्ययनं कृतवान्। तदनु तिरुपतिक्षेत्रे श्रीवेङ्कटेश्वर प्राच्यकळाशालायाम् उन्नतविद्यामम्यस्य साहित्यशिरोमणि परीक्षायामुतीर्णो बभूव। तदनन्तरं तरयामेव कलाशालायामध्यापकोऽभवत्। तिरुमलतिरुपति देवस्थानस्य धर्मप्रचारपरिषदः कार्यदर्शिपदवी प्राप्य धर्मप्रचारं चकार । संस्कृतान्ध्रभाषयोः त्रिंशदधिकग्रन्थानां कर्ताऽयं पण्डितः, राष्ट्रियसंस्कृतविद्यापीठेन वाचस्पतिः महामहोपाध्यायः इति द्वाभ्यां पुरस्काराभ्यां सम्मानित आसीत्।
अस्मिन् पाठ्यभागे श्रीमलयाळस्वामिभिः संस्कृतभाषाप्रचारविषये कृतां सेवां विशदीचकार।
Sri Samudrala Lakshmanayya studied in his childhood at the Vyasasrama Sanskrit School established by Maharshi Sadguru Sri Malayala Swami near Erpedu between Tirupathi and Srikalahasti. Later having studied at Sri Venkateswara Oriental College in Tirupathi, he passed the Sahitya Siromani examination. He became a lecturer in that college. He propagated dharma, having become the secretary of the Dharma Parishad of the Tirumala Tirupathi Devasthanams. Author of more than thirty books in Sanskrit and Telugu, this scholar was honoured with the titles of Vachaspati and Mahamahopadhyaya by Rashtriya Sanskrit Samsthan.
In the present lesson he explained the service done by Sri Malayala Swami to the cause of Sanskrit.
श्रीमलयाळस्वामी संस्कृतभाषासेवा Summary
Sri Malayala was born on 27-03-1885 in the village Engandiyur near Guruvayur in Trissur district in Kerala. The virtuous couple Notthiyamma and Kariyappa were his parents. Adorned with the name Velappa, he exhibited his extraordinary personality in his childhood itself by virtue of his previous birth merit. Devotion, Meditation, compassion towards all beings etc. were his natural virtues. His parents were surprised on observing him engrossed in deep meditation even at a young age.
At that time there was a great ascetic named Sri Narayanaguru in Kerala. He did yeomen service for the spiritual and social development of people. His disciple Sri Siddha Sivalingaguru Swamy established an Ashram and Gurukul to spread the message of his teacher and that of Brahmavidya.
Velappa joined that Gurukul, and having learnt well Sanskrit studied the Gita, Upanishads, Brahmasutras and many other philosophical texts. In his eighteenth year he left his home leaving a letter behind that read as : “As long as you feed the guests who come to the house, so long will there be no hardship for me regarding food etc. I am leaving for the work of god. Don’t make any futile effort to search for me.”
Thus, having left his house, and having renunciation as his help, roaming earth on foot, that noble person visited all the holy places in south and north. He understood the profile of the country during those three years of journey period. He even performed abhisheka’ to Siva at Rameswara with the water of Gangas brought from Kashi during that journey. Having attained the fruits of his penance, he resolved to serve the country also along with deeds of upliftment of the world. After the pilgrimage, he went to Tirumala, and performed austerities at the holy place of Gogarbha for twelve years. He faced many hardships during that time. At the end, he became a blessed one with the attainment of the vision of the god. As he hailed from the region of Malayala, he became famous as Malayala Swami.
His work in Telugu named “Sushka-vedanta-tamobhaskaramu” which bestows spiritual knowledge became very famous. From then onwards, the fame of the Swami spread in all directions. Later on 3-6-1926, having got down from the Seshachala hills, the Swami along with his disciples established the beautiful Vyasasrama near Erpedu between Tirupathi and Sri Kalahasti. After the establishment of the Ashram, the Swami took up many purposeful works. Among them to be counted first was the propagation of Sanskrit.
It was the intention of Sri Malayala Swami that one should learn Sanskrit irrespective of his caste, religion or gender. All our history is available only in Sanskrit. In order to know it, Sanskrit must be respected was the resolution of the Swami.
In 1928 the Swami established a Sanskrit school in the Ashram. Admissions were given there to everyone irrespective of caste, creed or gender. Later in 1935 a Kanya Gurukul was established for the sake of girls. In 1945 a Brahmavidya school was started. In all these schools students learned Sanskrit with devotion.
In later times, the disciples of the Swami started Sanskrit teaching schools in the towns of Proddutur, Chittor, Sri Kalahasti, Tirupathi etc. Thousands of boys and girls studied Sanskrit in those schools, and became accomplished.
The swami established a printing press in Chittor to publish old Sanskrit books. In that press many Sanskrit books such as Yogavasishtha, Sankaravijaya, Patanjalayoga darshana, Vivekachudamani, Ashtavakragita, Brihadaranya kopanishat, Chandogyopanishat were printed through Vyasashram. The Swami also wrote many books. Among them the Malayalayatindragita containing more than thousand verses shines as the foremost among the modern Sanskrit books. The commentary by the Swami on the Bhagavadgita was popular by the name Gitamakarands.
In 1936 he adopted monkhood. Then he took the name Asanganandagiri Swami, still people called him Malayala Swami only. The Swami authored many philosophical books. Many commentaries on Sanskrit books and translations written by the scholars were also published.
Having thus considered the welfare of the worlds as the highest goal, having offered the alms of wisdom to the ignorant, and having established again the Arshadharma, the accomplished teacher attained the final bliss on Thursday 12-7-1962.
श्रीमलयाळस्वामी संस्कृतभाषासेवा Translation in English
ये समाजं ज्ञानप्रदानेन चैतन्यवन्तं कुर्वन्ति, त एव महापुरुषा इति कीर्त्यन्ते। तादृशानां महात्मनां सम्भवः लोके विरल एवावलोक्यते। न केवलं प्राचीने काले, अपि तु नवीनेऽपि अनेके तत्त्वज्ञाः इमा भुवमवतीर्णाः। तादृशेषु महापुरुषेषु श्रीमलयाळस्वामी अन्यतमः।
They are praised as great people, who make this society lively by bestowing wisdom. It can be seen that the birth of such people happens rarely in the world. Not only in the olden days but also in the modern times many philosophers appeared on this earth. Sri Malayala Swami was one among such great men.
अयं गुरुदिनाके केरलदेशे त्रिचूरूमण्डले गुरुवायूर् १८८५-०३२७ क्षेत्रस्य समीपे एन्गण्ड्यूर् नामके ग्रामे जन्म लेभे। नोटि टयम्माकरियप्पाख्यौ पुण्यदम्पती तस्य जननीजनको बभूवतुः। वेलप्पनाम्ना समलङ्कतोऽयं जन्मान्तरसुकृतवशात् बाल्य एव स्वीयमसाधारणं व्यक्तित्वं प्रदर्शयामास। भगवद्भक्तिः, ध्याननिष्ठा, जीवकारुण्यम्, इत्यादयः तस्य सहजाताः सद्गुणाः। बाल्ये एव तीव्रध्याननिमग्नं तं वीक्ष्य जनाः आश्चर्यचकिता बभूवुः।
This great teacher was born on 27-03-1885 in the village Engandiyur near Guruvayur in Trissur district in Kerala. The virtuous couple Notthiyamma and Kariyappa were his parents. Adorned with the name Velappa, he exhibited his extraordinary personality in his childhood itself by virtue of his previous birth merit. Devotion, Meditation, compassion towards all beings etc. were his natural virtues. His parents were surprised on observing him engrossed in deep meditation even at a young age.
तस्मिन् काले केरलेषु श्रीनारायणगुरुरिति कश्चन प्रख्यातो यतीश्वर आसीत् । स च जनानामाध्यात्मिकसाङ्घिकपुरोगमनार्थं महती कृषिमनुष्ठितवान् । तस्य शिष्यः श्रीसिद्धशिवलिङ्गगुरुस्वामी स्वगुरोः आशयस्य ब्रह्मविद्यायाश्च प्रचारार्थं कश्चनाश्रमं गुरुकुलं च प्रतिष्ठापयामास |
At that time there was a great ascetic named Sri Narayana guru in Kerala. He did yeomen service for the spiritual and social development of people. His disciple Sri Siddha Sivalingaguru Swamy established an Ashram and Gurukul to spread the message of his teacher and that of Brahmavidya.
वेलप्पः तद्गुरूकुलं प्रविश्य गैर्वाण वाणी सम्यक् अभ्यस्य गीताम्, उपनिषदः, ब्रह्मसूत्राणि, अपरानपि अनेकान् वेदान्तग्रन्थान् पपाठ | अष्टादशे वयसि तीव्रवैराग्यप्रेरितः सन् कस्यांचित् रात्रौ स एकाकी गृहं परित्यज्य भारतभूमौ तीर्थक्षेत्रसेवनार्थं जिगमिषुः पितरावुद्दिश्य ‘ पत्रे किञ्चिद्विलिख्य तत्पत्रं गृहेविससर्ज | पत्रगतः सन्देशस्तु अयम् “यावत्पर्यन्तं गृहमुपागतेभ्यः अतिथिभ्यः भवन्तः अन्नपानादिकं दास्यन्ति, तावत्पर्यन्तं भोजनादिषु मम न कोऽपि श्रमो भविष्यति । अहं दैवकार्यार्थं गच्छामि | मामन्वेष्टं व्यर्थं प्रयत्नं मा कुर्वन्तु इति।
Velappa joined that Gurukul, and having learnt well Sanskrit studied the Gita, Upanishads, Brahmasutras and many other philosophical texts. In his eighteenth year driven by a great feeling of renunciation, during one night, desirous of visiting the pilgrim centres in India, while leaving his house alone, having written something, he left a letter addressed to his parents. The message in the letter was this – “As long as you feed the guests who come to the house, so long will there be no hardship for me regarding food etc. I am leaving for the work of god. Don’t make any futile effort to search for me.”
एवं गृहं त्यक्त्वा वैराग्यैकसहायः पद्भ्यामेव भुवं पर्यटन् स महापुरुषः उत्तरदक्षिणदेशयोः विख्यातानि सकलान्यपि पुण्यक्षेतत्राणि ददर्श। वत्सरत्र्यावधिकस्मिन् यात्राकाले भारतदेशस्य स्वरूपं च तेन सम्यगवगतम् | पर्यटनसमये काशीक्षेत्रात् गङ्गाजलमानीय रामेश्वरस्थस्य शिवस्य अभिषेचनमपि कृतवान्। तपस्सिद्धि प्राप्य लोकोद्धारकैः कार्य: देशसेवाऽपि करणीयेति सङ्कल्पोऽपि तस्य तदैव समजनि। तीर्थयात्रानन्तरं स तिरुमलक्षेत्रं गत्वा, गोगर्भतीर्थ द्वादशवर्षाणि तीव्र तपश्चकार । तस्मिन् समये तेन बहूनि कष्टान्यनुभूतानि। अन्ते दैवसाक्षात्कारलाभेनायं धन्यजन्मा संकृत्त। मलयाळदेशादागत इति हेतोः अयं मलयाळस्वामीति नाम्ना प्रसिद्धो जातः।
Thus, having left his house, and having renunciation as his help, roaming earth on foot, that noble person visited all the holy places in south and north. He understood the profile of the country during those three years of journey period. He even performed abhisheka to Siva at Rameswara with the water of Gangas brought from Kashi during that journey. Having attained the fruits of his penance, he resolved to serve the country also along with deeds of upliftment of the world. After the pilgrimage, he went to Tirumala, and performed austerities at the holy place of Gogarbha for twelve years. He faced many hardships during that time. At the end, he became a blessed one with the attainment of the vision of the god. As he hailed from the region of Malayala, he became famous as Malayala Swami.
अनेन आन्ध्रभाषायां विरचितः ‘शुष्कवेदान्ततमोभास्करमु’ इति नामकः आध्यात्मिकचैतन्यप्रदो ग्रन्थः परां प्रशस्तिं प्राप | ततः प्रभृति स्वामिनो – यशश्चन्द्रिकाः सर्वास्वपि दिक्षु व्याप्तिमगच्छन्। तदनु स्वामीशिष्यवृन्देन सह ३-६-१९२६ दिनाङ्के शेषशैलादवतीर्य तिरुपति श्रीकाळहस्तिक्षेत्रयोः मध्ये, एपेंडु ग्रामसमीपे रमणीयं व्यासाश्रमं स्थापयामस। आश्रमस्थापनानन्तरं स्वामिना अनेके लोकोद्धारककार्यक्रमा; निर्मूढाः। तेषु संस्कृतभाषाप्राचारः प्रथमतः परिगणनीयो भवति।
His work in Telugu named “Sushka-vedanta-tamo- . bhaskaramu” which bestows spiritual knowledge became very famous. From then onwards, the fame of the Swami spread in all directions. Later on 3-6-1926, having got down from the Seshachala hills, the Swami along with his disciples established the beautiful Vyasasrama near Erpedu between Tirupathi and Sri Kalahasti. After the establishment of the Ashram, the Swami took up many purposeful works. Among them to be counted first was the propagation of Sanskrit.
भारतेऽनेकाः प्रान्तीयभाषास्सन्ति। तास्सर्वा अपि संस्कृतमूलका एव। संस्कृतपरिज्ञानेन इतरभाषापरिज्ञानं वृद्धि गच्छति। जातिमत लिङ्गाभेदं विना सर्वैरपि संस्कृतम् अवश्यमध्येतव्यमिति श्रीमलयाळस्वामिनोऽभिप्रायः। अस्माकं पूर्वचरित्रं सर्वमपि संस्कृत भाषायामेव लभ्यते। तद्विज्ञानार्थं संस्कृतमवश्यं समादरणीयमिति स्वामिनो निश्चय आसीत्।
There are many regional languages in India. All of them have Sanskrit as their source. By the knowledge of Sanskrit, there will be development in the knowledge of other languages. It was the intention of Sri Malayala Swami that one should learn Sanskrit irrespective of his caste, religion or gender. All our history is available only in Sanskrit. In order to know it, Sanskrit must be respected was the resolution of the Swami.
अतः १९२८ तमे वर्षे स्वामी व्यासाश्रमे संस्कृतविद्यालय स्थापितवान्। तत्र वर्णवर्गलिङ्गभेदं विना सर्वेषामपि प्रवेशः परिकल्पितः। तदनु १९३५ तमे वत्सरे बालिका उद्दिश्य कन्यागुरुकुलं स्थापयामास । तदनन्तरं ९४५ तमे वत्सरे ब्रह्मविद्यापाठशाला संस्थापितवन्तः। एतेषु विद्यालयेषु गैर्वाणी सर्वैरपि विद्यार्थिभिःश्रद्धया समधीताऽऽसीत्।
Hence, in 1928 the Swami established a Sanskrit school in the Ashram. Admissions were given there to everyone irrespective of caste, creed or gender. Later in 1935 a Kanya Gurukul was established for the sake of girls. In 1945 a Brahmavidya school was started. In all these schools students learned Sanskrit with devotion.
तदनन्तरकाले स्वामिशिष्यैः प्रोटूरु, चित्तूरू, श्रीकालहस्ति, तिरुपतीत्यादि नगरेषु संस्कृतंप्रबोधकविद्यालयाः प्रतिष्ठिताः। तेषु विद्यालयेषु सहस्रशः बालकाः,बालिकाश्च अमरवाणीमभ्यस्य कृतकृत्यता प्राप्तवन्तः।
In later times, the disciples of the Swami started Sanskrit teaching schools in the towns of Proddutur, Chittor, Sri Kalahasti, Tirupathi etc. Thousands of boys and girls studied Sanskrit in those schools, and became accomplished.
प्राचीनसंस्कृतग्रन्थानां मुद्रणार्थं चित्तूरुनगरे स्वामिना कश्चन मुद्रणालयोऽपि स्थापितः। तस्मिन् मुद्रणालये योगवासिष्ठम्, शङ्करविजयः, पातञ्जलयोगदर्शनम्, विवेकचूडामणिः, अष्टावक्रगीता, बृहदारण्यकोपनिषत्, छान्दोग्योपनिषत् इत्यादयो बहवः संस्कृतग्रन्थाः व्यासाश्रमद्वारा प्रकटिताः। तथा च स्वामिना बहवो ग्रन्थाः विरचिताः सन्ति। तेषु मलयाळयतीन्द्रगीता इति सहस्त्राधिकश्लोकयुक्तो ग्रन्थः आधुनिकसंस्कृतग्रन्थेष्वग्रगण्यो विलसति। स्वामिकृता भगवद्गीताव्याख्या गीतामकरन्दमिति नाम्ना सुप्रसिद्धा।
The Swami established a printing press in Chittor to publish old Sanskrit books. In that press many Sanskrit books such as Yogavasishtha, Sankaravijaya, Patanjalayoga darshana, Vivekachudamani, Ashtavakragita, Brihadaranya kopanishat, Chandogyopanishat were printed through Vyasashram. The Swami also wrote many books. Among them the Malayala – yatindragita containing more than thousand verses shines as the foremost among the modern Sanskrit books. The commentary by the Swami on the Bhagavadgita was popular by the name Gitamakarands.
अयं १९३६ तमे वत्सरे यत्याश्रमं स्वीचकार। तदा तस्य ‘असङ् गानन्दगिरिस्वामी, इति यद्यपि नाम कृतम्, तथाऽपि जनास्तं मलयाळस्वामीति नाम्नैव व्यवहरन्तिस्म। स्वामिना अनेके वेदान्तग्रन्थाश्च विरचिताः। बहूनां संस्कृतग्रन्थानां व्याख्यानानि, अनुवादाश्च पण्डितैः लेखयित्वा प्रकटीकृताः।
In 1936 he adopted monkhood. Then he took the name Asanganandagiri Swami, still people called him Malayala Swami only. The Swami authored many philosophical books. Many commentaries on Sanskrit books and translations written by the scholars were also published.
एवं लोककल्याणमेव परमावधित्वेन सम्भाव्य, अज्ञेभ्यो ज्ञानभिक्षां दत्त्वा, आर्षधर्म पुनः समुद्धत्य कृतकृत्योऽयं सद्गुरुः सि १२ -७-१९६२ तमे दिने पुण्यतिथौ गुरुवासरे सिद्धि प्राप्तवान्।
Having thus considered the welfare of the worlds as the highest goal, having offered the alms of wisdom to the ignorant, and having established again the Arshadharma, the accomplished teacher attained the final bliss on Thursday 127-1962.