Students can go through AP Inter 1st Year Civics Notes 6th Lesson Rights and Responsibilities will help students in revising the entire concepts quickly.
AP Inter 1st Year Civics Notes 6th Lesson Rights and Responsibilities
→ Rights are essential for the allround development of the individual and the progress of the society.
→ Every individual must recognise and respect the rights of the fellow individuals.
→ Rights are broadly classified into three categories namely
- Natural
- Moral and
- Legal.
→ Legal Rights are of three types,
- Civil Rights
- Political Rights
- Economic Rights.
→ Civil life is possible through civil rights, where as political life is possible through political rights and economic life is possible through economic rights.
→ Civil rights include right to life, right to liberty, right to equality, right to property, right to family, right to religion, right to contract, right to education, right to form associations and unions, right to constitutional remedies.
→ Political rights include right to vote, right to contest in elections, right to hold public offices, right to petition and right to criticism.
→ Economic rights include right to work, right to adequate wages, right to reasonable hours of work, right to compensation and right to self-government in industry.
→ Safe guards of rights inlcude democratic rule, written and rigid constitution, constitutional incorporation, separation of powers, decentralisation of powers, rule of law, independent and impartial judiciary, independent press, social and economic equalities and eternal vigilance.
→ Human rights are the amenities required for the basic existence of human beings.
→ Magna Carta in England is the First step towards the realisation of human rights.
→ The universal declaration of human rights came into force on December 10, 1948. Since then, that day is celebrated as the Universal Human Rights Day.
→ Human rights are broadly classified into two categories
- Civil and Political rights
- Economic, Social and Cultural rights. ,
→ The Constitution of India incorporated many of the human rights, mentioned in the U.N. declaration of human rights. Especially articles 19 to 28 of part – III on fundamental rights are in consonance with the human rights of individuals.
→ Responsibilities are the obligations of individuals towards others residing in the society.
→ Responsibilities are moral, legal, positive and negative.
→ Important responsibilities of citizen are Loyalty to the State, Obedience to laws, Payment of taxes, Honest exercise of franchise and holding public office, Cooperation in law and order matters.
→ There is a close relationship between rights and responsibilities. The two are considered as the two sides of a same coin.
Synopsis
- H.J Laski pointed out that every state is known by the rights it maintains.
- Rights are considered as instruments of social welfare.
- Rights are safeguarded by the various laws of the state.
- T.H.Green defines “Rights are those powers claimed and recognised as contributory to the common good.”
- Every right has a corresponding responsibility.
- Natural rights are those rights which are enjoyed by men by birth.
- Legal Rights are recognised by the state and protected by the law.
- Civil rights aim at providing basic conditions for individual to lead a happy and dignified social life.
- PolItical rights empower the citizens to participate actively in the political activities of the state.
- Fundamental rights are definite, clear and specific.
- Rights and responsibilities are considered as the two sides of the same coin.
→ రాజనీతిశాస్త్ర అధ్యయనంలో హక్కుల భావనకు చాలా ప్రాముఖ్యత ఉంది.
→ వ్యక్తుల సంపూర్ణ వికాసానికి అత్యంత అవసరమైన నియమాలే హక్కులు.
→ వ్యక్తులు ఆదర్శవంతమైన, బాధ్యతాయుతమైన పౌరులుగా తీర్చిదిద్దబడటానికి అవసరమైన పరిస్థితులను శ్రద్ధతో ‘కల్పించేలే హక్కులు’ అని లోస్కీ మహాశయుడు పేర్కొన్నాడు.
→ మానవులు జన్మతః అనుభవించే హక్కులే సహజ హక్కులు. “నైతిక హక్కులు” సమాజంలోని నైతిక సూత్రాల ప్రాతిపదికగా రూపొందింపబడినాయి.
→ రాజ్యం చేత గుర్తించబడి ప్రభుత్వం ద్వారా అమలయ్యే వాటిని చట్టబద్ధమైన హక్కులు’ అంటారు.
→ నాగరిక సమాజానికి పౌరహక్కులు అత్యంత అవసరం.
→ రాజ్యానికి సంబంధించిన రాజకీయ వ్యవహారాలలో పాల్గొనేందుకు పౌరులకు అవకాశాలు కల్పించే హక్కులను ‘రాజకీయ హక్కులు’ అంటారు.
→ వ్యక్తులు ఆర్థిక వ్యవహారాలలో పాల్గొనేందుకు తోడ్పడే హక్కులను ‘ఆర్థిక హక్కులు’ అంటారు.