AP Board 8th Class Social Politics Notes 5th Lesson Judiciary
→ Courts take decisions on a large number of issues.
→ The work that the Judiciary does can be divided into
- Dispute Resolution
- Judicial Review
- Upholding the Law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights.
→ We have independent judiciary system neither any politician nor the rich people can influence the Judicial process.
→ One aspect of independence is the “separation of powers” that means the legislature and the executive can interfere in the work of the Judiciary.
→ Judges are appointed with little influence from other branches of government.
→ Judges once appointed, it is very difficult to remove them.
→ There are three different courts. District court is the highest at the district level.
→ Every state has a high court which is the highest court in the state.
→ At the top is the Supreme Court located in New Delhi and is presided over by the Chief Justice of India.
→ In India, we have an integrated judicial system.
→ The integration is through the appellate system that exist in India.
→ There are different branches of the legal system
- Criminal law
- Civil law.
→ Though the courts are available for all, in reality access to courts has always been difficult for s’vast majority of the poor people in India.
→ In response to this, the Supreme Court in the early 1980s devised a mechanism of “Public Interest Litigation” or PIL to increase access to justice.
→ However, there are also court judgements, that people believe, work against the interests of the common man. Ex: Dwellers in slums in cities are treated as encroachers in the city.
→ JUDICIARY : A system of courts of law.
→ COURT : Legal place where trials take place.
→ DISPUTE : Any conflict or disagreement.
→ DISPUTE RESOLUTION : It is the process of resolving disputes between parties.
→ APPROACH : A way of dealing with a situation.
→ INTEGRATION : The act of process of uniting different things.
→ WITNESS : A person who sees an event, typically a crime or accident, take place.
→ VERDICT : A decision on an issue of fact in a civil or criminal case.
→ GUILTY : Responsible for a specified wrong doing.
→ RESCUE : Save from a dangerous or difficult situation.
→ INTERPRET : Explain the meaning of.
→ Acquit : This refers to the court declaring that a person is not guilty of the crime which he / she was tried for by the court.
→ To Appeal :
- To make a serious request for something you need or want very much.
- Here in this chapter it refers to “a petition filed before a higher court to hear a case that has already been decided by a lower court.
→ Compensation :
- Money that you pay to somebody because you have injured him / her or damaged his / her property.
- In this chapter it refers to “money given to make amends for an injury or a loss.
→ Eviction : It refers to the removal of persons from land / homes that they are currently living in.
→ Violation : It refers to the act of breaking of a law or breaking of fundamental rights.