AP 8th Class Social Politics 4th Lesson Important Questions Understanding Laws

These AP 8th Class Social Important Questions Politics 4th Lesson Understanding Laws will help students prepare well for the exams.

Understanding Laws AP 8th Class Social Politics 4th Lesson Important Questions

AP 8th Class Social Politics 4th Lesson Important Questions: 8 Marks

Question 1.
Write about the role of nationalists in the evolution of “the rule of law”.
Answer:

• Indian Nationalists fought against arbitrary laws.
• They fought for greater equality.
• The wanted change these arbitrary laws to law as ideals of justice.
• By the end of the 19th century, the Indian Legal profession also emerged and they demanded respect in colonial courts.
• They defended the legal rights of Indians.
• Indian judges also began to play greater role in making decisions.
• Thus, our nationalists played several role in the evalution of the rule of law.

Question 2.
What is the role of the citizens in making new laws ?
Answer:

• The role of citizens is more important for framing new laws.
• They have to raise their voice for the need of establishment of law.
• The voice can be through T.V., radio, newspapers, local meeting, etc.
• The lawyer have to prepare draft.
• The citizens have to interpret them and demand for amendments in the draft law.
• And finally the bill can be passed in the parliament.
• Thus, citizens play important role in making laws.

Question 3.
Read the passage and answer the following question.

Another example of British arbitrariness was the Rowlatt Act which allowed the British government to imprison people without due trial. Indian nationalists including Mahatma Gandhi were vehement in their opposition to the Rowlatt bills. Despite the large number of protests, the Rowlatt Act came into effect on 10 March 1919. In Punjab, protests against this Act continued quite actively and on April 10 two leaders of the movement, DrSatyapal and Dr Saifuddin Kitchlew were arrested. To protest these arrests, a public meeting was held on 13 April at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. General Dyer entered the park with his troops. They closed the only exit and without giving any warning General Dyer ordered the troops to fire. Several hundreds of people died in this gunfire and many more were wounded including women and children.

Question.
What were the consequences of the Rowlatt Act of 1919 ?
Answer:

• Rowlatt Act came into force on 10th March 1919.
• In Punjab, the protest was more-intensively carried out.
• On April 10th, Dr. Satya Pal and Dr. Saifuddhin Kitchlew were arrested.
• On April 13th to protest against the law, a peaceful meeting was held in Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar.
• General Dyer entered the park with his troops.
• After closing the only one exit, he ordered the troops to fire on the gathering.
• As a result several hundred people were died and several others were wounded.
• This was known as the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

Question 4.
Look at the story board and answer the following questions.

a. What were the problems of the women?
Answer:

• One woman was beaten by her husband.
• Another was ill-treated by her son and daughter in law. She has no access to the bank accounts. They even thrown her out of her house.

b. What were the woman wanted from the government ?
Answer:

• First woman was not interested in going to a police station. She wanted violence to be stopped.
• The second woman wanted to live in the same house.

c. Write the laws existed in 1991.
Answer:

• Unfortunately the laws at that time were all criminal laws.
• They could not stop domestic violence or give protection to woman.

Question 5.
Read the passage and answer the following questions.

In December 2002, the Standing Committee submitted its recommendations to the Rajya Sabha and these were also tabled in the Lok Sabha. The Committee’s report accepted most of the demands of the women’s groups. Finally a new bill, was reintro-duced in Parliament in 2005. After being passed in both houses of Parliament, it was sent to the President for his assent. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act came into effect in 2006.

a. Who submitted the recommendations about the bill in Rajya Sabha ?
Answer:
The Standing Committee submitted its recommendations to the Rajya Sabha.

b. When was the bill reintroduced hi the Parliament ?
Answer:
The bill was reintroduced in Parliament in 2005.

c. To whom was the bill passed to after the approval in the parliament ?
Answer:
The bill was passed to the President for his assent.

d. When was the bill become an Act ?
Answer:
The bill was passed and the Domestic Violence Act was came into force in 2006.

e. How many years did it take for this bill to become an Act ?
Answer:
It took almost 4 years for this bill to become an Act.

Question 6.
Read the passage and answer the following questions.

As you read in the earlier section on the rule of law, Indian nationalists protested and criticised arbitrary and repressive laws being enforced by the British. History provides us with several examples of people and communities who have struggled to end unjust laws. In your Class VII book, you read of how Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man on 1 December 1955. She was protesting the law on segregation that divided up all public spaces, including the streets, between the whites and the African- Americans. Her refusal was a key event that marked the start of the Civil Rights Movement, which led to the Civil Rights Act in 1964, which prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, religion or national origin in the U.S.A.

a. Who was Rosa Parks ?
Answer:
Rosa-Parks was a African – American woman residing in USA.

b. Why was she refused to give up her seat ?
Answer:
She was protesting the law on segregation of whites and African-Americans in public places. Hence she refused to give up her seat.

c. What was the result of her refusal ?
Answer:
The refusal was a key event that marked the start of the Civil Rights Movement, which led to the Civil Rights Act in 1964.

d. When was the Civil Rights Act passed in USA ?
Answer:
The Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964.

e. Why was the Civil Rights Act significant ?
Answer:
The Civil Right Act was significant as it prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, religion or national origin in the USA.

Question 7.
Point out the following on the world map.
1) USA
2) Great Britain
3) India
4) Amritsar
5) Delhi

Question 8.
Have you ever seen any domestic violence case in your locality ?
Answer:

• Yes, we have seen two domestic violence cases in our locality.
• One woman was always illtreated by her son and daughter-in-law.
• She never gave any complaint to any one regarding the issue.
• Another case – a woman was frequently beaten up by her husband during evenings when the husband was drunk.
• She raised a complaint in the police station.
• Police has given warning to him in such a way that the violence against the woman was reduced.

Question 9.
Explain the following terms.
Answer:
1. Sedition: This applies to anything that the government might consider as stirring up rebellion against it. In such cases, the government does not need absolute evidence in order to arrest persons.

2. Repressive: To control severely in order to prevent free and natural development or expression. It refers to laws that brutally control persons and often prevent them from exercising their fundamental rights.

3. Rule of Law: It means that all laws apply equally to all citizen of the country and no one can be above the law. Neither a government official, nor a wealthy person nor even the president of the country is above the law.

4. Domestic Violence: It refers to the injury or harm or threat of injury or harm caused by an adult male usually the husband, against his wife. Injury may be caused by physically beating up the woman or by emotionally abusing her. Abuse can also include verbal, sexual and economic abuse.

Question 10.
How is a new law introduced in Parliament?
Answer:

• Parliament of India consists of the President and two Houses the Council of States or the Rajya Sabha and the House of the People or the Lok Sabha.
• A Bill can be introduced in either House of Parliament.
• A Bill introduced by the Minister is known as Government Bill.
• A Bill introduced by a private member is known as Private Member’s Bill.
• The procedure for the passage of the Bills is similar in both the cases.
• A Bill has to pass through three stages in each House of Parliament and receive Presidential assent before it becomes an Act of Parliament.
• In the event of a deadlock between the two Houses on a Bill, the issue is resolved at a joint sitting of the two Houses.

AP 8th Class Social Politics 4th Lesson Important Questions: 4 Marks

Question 1.
What is rule of law ?
Answer:

• The rule of law means that all laws apply equally to all citizens of the country and no one can be above the law.
• Neither a government official, nor a wealthy people or even the President of the country is above the law.
• Thus, all persons in independent India are equal before the law.

Question 2.
Was “Rule of law” existed in ancient India ?
(Or)
In ancient times there existed no rule of law. Explain.
Answer:

• In ancient India, there were innumerable and often overlapping local laws.
• Different communities enjoyed different degrees of autonomy.
• The punishment that a person received for the same crime varied depending upon their caste backgrounds.
• Lower castes being more harshly penalised.

Question 3.
What is Sedition Act of 1870 ?
Answer:

• Sedition applies to anything that the government might consider as stirring up resistance or rebellion against it.
• As per Sedition Act 1870, they could arrest and detain any person for sedition.
• The nationalists considered it as arbitrary as they kept in jail without a trial.

Question 4.
Write a short note about Rowlatt Act ?
Answer:

• One of the best examples of the British arbitrariness was the Rowlatt Act.
• That allowed the British government to imprison people with out due trial.
• Our nationalists opposed the Rowlatt bill.
• Despite the large number of protests, the Rowlatt Act, came into effect on 10th March 1919.

Question 5.
What are repressive law ? How do people oppose them in a democractic country ?
Answer:

• Repressive laws are those laws that brutally control persons and often prevent them from exercising their fundamental rights.
• People might criticise these laws, hold public meetings, write about them in newspapers, report on TV news channels etc.
• When a large number of people begin to oppose them, then there will be pressure on the Parliament to change those laws.

Question 6.
Study the below story line and answer the question.

Question.
What were the recommendations of the lawyers, for preparation of the draft bill ?
Answer:

• They define the term domestic violence as “any violence which is either physical, economical, sexual, verbal or emotional”.
• One lawyer recommended that the law should cover any women living within a shared domestic space.
• Another lawyer recommended for a monetary benefit for the victims.

Question 7.
Study the below story board and answer the following question.

Question.
Why was the law so significant ?
Answer:

• The law is very significant because it recognises the right of woman to live in a shared household.
• The women can also get protection order against any further violence.
• Woman can also get monetary benefits to meet their expences, including medical costs.

Question 8.
Read the passage and answer the following question.

Often women who face violence or are abused are seen as victims. But women struggle in several different ways to survive these situations. Therefore, it is more accurate to refer to them as survivors rather than as victims.

Question.
Why is it more accurate to refer the women as survivors?
Answer:

• Woman who face domestic violence are generally called as victims:
• They give struggle in several different ways and survived.
• Hence, it is accurate to refer to them as survivers.

Question 9.
Do you agree with the municipal laws on making hawking and street vending as illegal ? Give reasons.
Answer:

• Hawkers and vendors provide essential services cheaply and efficiently to the millions living in a large city.
• The selling is their livelihood.

Question 10.
The law which favours one may disregard the other. Explain.
Answer:

• Municipal laws of making hawking and street vending illegal has the two sides.
• The law is necessary to keep the public space open so that people can walk on the pavements.
• But these hawkers provide essential goods at cheaper prices and that is also their livelihood.
• Hence we can say that one law may favours one and disregards other.

Question 11.
What did the Indian nationalists do against the arbitrary laws of British?
Answer:

• Indian nationalist began protesting and criticizing this arbitrary use of authority by the British.
• They began fighting for greater equality and wanted to change the idea of law from a set of rules that they were forced to obey to law including ideas of justice.
• By the end of 19 th century, Indian legal profession also began emerging and demanded respect in colonial courts.

Question 12.
How were the laws made in ancient period?
Answer:

• In ancient India, there were innumerable and often overlapping local laws.
• Different communities enjoyed different degrees of antinomy in administering these laws among their own.
• In some cases, the punishment that two persons received for the same crime varied depending on their caste background with lower casts being more harshly penalized.

Question 13.
Write a short note on Lady Justice.
Answer:

• Lady Justice or Justitia is the Roman Goddess of Justice.
• It is a personification of the moral force that underlies the legal system.
• Her blindfolded eyes symbolize equality under the law and impartiality towards all the people who are governed by it.
• The weighing scales represent the balancing of people’s interests under the law, and her sword denotes the law’s force of reason.

Question 14.
How do Indian evolve the rules of law during colonial period?
Answer:

• By the end of the nineteenth century, the Indian legal profession also began emerging and demanded respect in colonial courts.
• They began to use law to defend the legal rights of Indians.
• Indian judges also began to play a greater role in making decisions.
• Therefore, there were several ways in which Indians played a major role in the evolution of the rule of law during the colonial period.

AP 8th Class Social Politics 4th Lesson Important Questions: 2 Marks

Question 1.
What is “rule of law” ?
Answer:
The rule of law means that the laws apply equally to all citizens of the country and no one can be above the law.

Question 2.
Give an example of violation of “rule of law”.
Answer:
Wealthy persons who did not pay tax properly. But Income tax officials do not dare to question them.

Question 3.
How was law during ancient times ?
Answer:
There were innumerable and often overlapping local laws. Different communities enjoyed different degrees of autonomy in administrating laws.

Question 4.
Who played major role in the emergence of the rule of law in our country ?
Answer:
Our nationalists during 19th century played an important role in the emergence of rule of law.

Question 5.
What is domestic violence ?
Answer:
Domestic violence refers to the injury or harm or threat of injury or harm caused by an adult male, usually husband against his wife.

Question 6.
Explain the word “domestic” with reference to the Domestic Violence Act.
Answer:
The word “domestic” here refers to “all women who lived or have lived together in a shared household” with the male member who is perpetrating the violence.

Question 7.
When was the Domestic Violence Act passed ?
Answer:
The Domestic Violence Act was passed in 2005 and came into effect in 2006.

Question 8.
Explain the word “injury” with reference to the Domestic Violence Act.
Answer:
Any injury that can be caused by physically beating up the woman or emotionally abusing her.

Question 9.
Explain the word “abuse” with reference to the Domestic Violence Act.
Answer:
Abuse of woman can include verbal, sexual and economic abuse.

Question 10.
How do people raise their voice in establishing a view law ?
Answer:
The voice can be raised through T.V. reports, newspaper editorials, radio broadcasts, local meetings etc.

Question 11.
How was the Rowlatt Act an arbitrary law ?
Answer:
The act allowed the Britishers to arrest our Indians without any trial. Hence the law was arbitrary.

Question 12.
Why do people not accept some laws passed by the Parliament?
Answer:
The people some times do not accept laws passed by the Parliament as the laws are unfair and harmful.

Question 13.
How can you say that the Sedition Act of 1870 was arbitrary?
Answer:
The Act was arbitrary because any people who protest or criticise could be arrested without trial

Question 14.
What is a controversial law ?
Answer:
The laws that favours one group and disfavours the other group are controversial laws.

Question 15.
Which type of laws can be called “repressive”?
Answer:
Laws that often control persons and prevent them from exercising their fundamental rights are often called repressive laws.

Question 16.
When was the Civil Rights Act passed in USA ?
Answer:
The Civil Right Act was passed in 1964 in USA.

Question 17.
What is the significance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ?
Answer:
The Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, religion or national origin in USA.

Question 18.
When was the Hindu Succession Act revised ?
Answer:
The Hindu Succession Act was revised in 2005.

Question 19.
What are the important changes introduced by the Hindu Succession Amendment Act of 2005 ?
Answer:
According to Hindu Succession Amendment Act of 2005, sons, daughters and their mothers can get a equal share of family property.

Question 20.
How can people express their discontent against unpopular laws in a democracy?
Answer:

• People can criticize the unpopular law, hold public meetings, and write about it in newspaper, report to news channels.
• In this way, citizens can express their unwillingness to accept repressive laws framed by the Parliament.