AP State Board new syllabus 8th Class Physics Guide 3rd Lesson Coal and Petroleum Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
AP 8th Class Physical Science 3rd Lesson Questions and Answers Coal and Petroleum
8th Class Physics 3rd Lesson Coal and Petroleum Questions and Answers (Exercise)
Question 1.
What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels ?
Answer:
The advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels are as follows :
- CNG and LPG are clean fuels.
- They do not produce pollution.
- They are easily available.
- They can be used directly for burning.
- They are easy to transport.
- Their cost in low.
Question 2.
Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.
Answer:
Bitumen is the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.
Question 3.
Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is the process called ?
Answer:
Millions of years ago, the earth had dense forests in low lying wetland areas. Due to natural processes like flooding and earthquakes, these forests got buried under the soil. As more soil deposited over them, they were compressed.
The temperature also rose as they sank deeper and deeper. Under high pressure and high temperature, dead plants got slowly converted into coal. The process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called carbonisation.
Question 4.
Fill in the blanks.
a) Fossil fuels are ………….., ………….. and …………..
b) Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called …………..
c) Least polluting fuel for vehicle is …………..
Answer:
a) coal, petroleum and natural gas
b) refining
c) Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)
Question 5.
Tick True / False against the following statements.
a) Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. (T/F)
b) CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol. (T/F)
c) Coke is almost pure form of carbon. (T/F)
d) Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. (T/F)
e) Kerosene is ot a fossil fuel. (T/F)
Answer:
a) False, as fossil fuels are made by natural process
b) False, as CNG is a cleaner fuel, It is less polluting than petrol.
c) True, as coke is formed by heating coal in the absence of air.
d) True, as coal tar is mixture of about 200 substances.
e) False, as kerosene is a fossil fuel because it is obtained from petroleum.
Question 6.
Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.
Answer:
Fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources because they are made by the decomposition of the dead remains of living organisms. These are present in limited quantity, beneath the earth. Thus, it will come to an end by human usage.
Question 7.
Describe characteristics and uses of coke.
Answer:
Characteristics of coke are as follows :
- It is pure from of carbon.
- Coke is tough.
- It is porous and black in colour.
Use of coke are as follows :
- It is used in the manufacture of steel.
- It is used in the extraction of many metals.
Question 8.
Explain the process of formation of petroleum.
Answer:
- Petroleum was formed from organisms living in the sea.
- As these organisms died, their bodies settled at the bottom of the sea.
- These bodies got covered with layers of sand and clay.
- Over millions of years, in the absence of air and under high temperature and pressure.
- The dead bodies are converted into petroleum and natural gas.
Question 9.
The following table shows the total power shortage in India from 1991-1997. Show the data in the form of a graph. Plot shortage percentage for the years on the Y-axis and the year on the X-axis.
| S.No | Year | Shortage (%) |
| 1 | 1991 | 7.9 |
| 2 | 1992 | 7.8 |
| 3 | 1993 | 8.3 |
| 4 | 1994 | 7.4 |
| 5 | 1995 | 7.1 |
| 6 | 1996 | 9.2 |
| 7 | 1997 | 11.5 |
Answer:
Extended Learning – Activities and Projects
Question 1.
Get an outline map of India. Mark the places in the map where coal, petroleum and natural gas are found. Show the places where petroleum refineries are situated.
Answer:
1. Places in India where coal mines are located :
- Raniganj
- Bokaro,
- Wardha
- Adilabad
- Warangal
- Chandrapur,
- Jharia,
- Korba.
2. Natural Gas :
- Krishna, Godavari
- Mumbai
- Rajasthan
- Tripura
3. Petroleum :
- Mumbai high
- Khambhat Gulf
- Assam
4. Petroleum refineries :
- Vishakapatnam,
- Chennai,
- Digboi,
- Guwahati,
- Kochi,
- Mangalore,
- Mumbai,
- Jamnagar,
- Panipat,
- Mathura
Question 2.
Choose any five families of your neighbourhood. Enquire whether their energy consumption (coal, gas, electricity, petrol, kerosene) has increased or decreased in the last five years. Enquire also about the measures they adopt to conserve energy.
Answer:
Energy consumption of all families have increased in the last five years, this is due to the changes in life style. This is in spite of the fact that they are adopting many energy conservation methods. e.g:
- Use of CFL in place of electric bulb.
- Appliances with more efficiency.
- Proper electric circuit in houses, etc.
Question 3.
Find out the location of major thermal power plants in India. What could be the reasons for their being located at those places?
Answer:
Major thermal power plants in India are located in Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha and Madhya Pradesh. The reason for their being located at those places is that the majority of coal mines are located there.
8th Class PS 3rd Lesson Questions and Answers (Lab Activities)
Activity – 1
Make a list of various materials used by us in daily life and classify them as natural and man-made.
A list of various materials is shown in the following table as below.
| Natural | Man-made |
| Air | Table |
| Water | Chair |
| Soil | Water bottle |
| Sunlight | Lunch box |
| Coal | TV |
| Petrol | Radio |
| Kerosene | House |
| LPG | Car |
| CNG | Bed |
| Minerals | Utensil |