AP 8th Class Biology 6th Lesson Questions and Answers Conservation of Plants and Animals

AP State Board new syllabus 8th Class Biology Guide 6th Lesson Conservation of Plants and Animals Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

AP 8th Class Biology 6th Lesson Questions and Answers Conservation of Plants and Animals

8th Class Biology 6th Lesson Conservation of Plants and Animals Questions and Answers (Exercise)

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks

a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called
Answer: Wildlife sanctuary.

b) Species found only in a particular area is known as
Answer: Endemic species.

c) Migratory birds fly to far away places because of changes.
Answer: climatic.

Question 2.
Differentiate between the following,
a) Wildlife sanctuary and Biosphere reserve :

Wildlife sanctuary	Biosphere reserve
1) It is a protected area where only wildlife is conserved.	1) It is a protected large area, where biodiversity is conserved.
2) It protects wildlife and their habitats.	2) It protects wildlife, plants, animal resources and traditional life of the tribal living in the area.

b) Zoo and Wildlife sanctuary :

Zoo	Wildlife sanctuary
1) A place where animals are protected in an artificial habitat.	1) The area, that is reserved in a forest for the protection and preservation of wild animals.
2) Animals are kept in special enclosures and cages for public exhibition.	2) Animals are allowed to live in their natural habitats and protected and their capturing and killing is strictly prohibited.

c) Endangered and Extinct species :

Endangered species	Extinct species
1) The animal species whose number* are diminishing to a level that they might face Extinction are known as endangered animals.	1) The animal species whose numbers are nil (or) vanish forever from the earth are known as extinct species.
2) Ex : Wild buffalo, Barasingha.	2) Ex: Dinosaurs.

d) Flora and Fauna:

Flora	Fauna
All the plant species found in a particular habitat are referred to as fauna.	All the animal species found in a particular habitat are referred to a flora.

Answer:
a) Wild animals :

Deforestation destroys the natural habitats of wild animals.
They may be killed by the hunters.
They can become endangered.

b) Environment :

Deforestation leads to global warming.
The rainfall and the fertility of soil also decreases due to deforestation.
As a result, there are increased chances of natural calamities like floods and droughts.
Deforestation decreases the levels of oxygen in the atmosphere.

b) If the habitat of an animal is disturbed, then

the animal will not get sufficient food and shelter. It becomes an easy prey for the predators.
Gradually their population decreases and will become endangered species.

c) If the top layer of the soil is exposed, then

The soil will have less humus and will become less fertile.
It leads to soil erosion.
Gradually, the fertile land will become desert through desertification.

Question 5.
Answer in brief.
a) Why should we conserve biodiversity ?
b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why?
c) Some tribals depend on the jungle. How ?
d) What are the causes and consequences of deforestation?
e) What is Red Data Book ?

f) What do you understand by the term migration ?
Answer:
a)

Biodiversity refers to the variety in life existing on earth.
Plants and animals depend on each other in order to survive.
Therefore, the destruction of one would affect the life of the other.
Hence, we should conserve biodiversity to prevent their extinction.
To maintain balance in nature, we should conserve biodiversity.

b) Protected areas are also not completely safe because

people living near by these protected areas may encroach the wildlife habitats.
sometime, poachers may kill the wild animals for food and entertainment.

Tribal people live in jungles. They are often called “Sons of the jungles”.
They collect forest produce like fruits, nuts, honey, etc., and sell them in the market.
As they live in forests, they depend on forests for food, water and shelter.

d) Causes of deforestation :

Human activities in forest areas for cultivation, building houses and factories.
Forest fires.
Severe prolonged drought conditions.
Hence, we should conserve biodiversity to prevent their extinction.
To maintain balance in nature, we should conserve biodiversity.

Adverse affects of deforestation :

It increases the temperature and pollution level on earth. It leads to global warming.
Oxygen levels in atmosphere decreases.
Ground water level decreases rapidly.
Change in rainfall patterns.
Soil fertility will decrease.
The chances of natural calamities will increase like floods and drought.

Red Data Book is a record of all endangered (or) threatened species of plants and animals.
It symbolizes a warning signal for those species which are endangered and have to be protected. Otherwise, they are likely to become extinct in the near future.

f) Migration of birds : It is the phenomenon of movement of a species from the own habitat to some other habitats for a particular time period every year for some specific purposes like breeding or to overcome unfavourable conditions.

Question 6.
In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees are being continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such projects? Discuss and prepare a brief report.
Answer:

No, it is not justified to cut trees for such projects.
When trees are cut down, the levels of carbondioxide in the atmosphere increases rapidly. It results in increase in temperature on earth. This leads to global warming.
Cutting down of trees results in decrease in rainfall.
Deforestation is also responsible for the change in physical properties of soil.
Cutting down of trees also causes soil erosion, natural calamittes like floods and drought.
The destruction of trees will disturb the balance of nature. So, we should conserve forests.

Question 7.
How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality? Make a list of actions to be taken by you.
Answer:
I should follow the below steps to maintain green wealth in my locality. They are

Grow more trees on both sides of the road.
Not to allow anybody to cut any trees.
Water the plants regularly.
Maintain green vegetation in parks and vacant lands.
Conduct rallies and campaigns to create awareness among people.

Question 8.
Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.
Answer:

The excess water is evaporated in trees by a process called transpiration.
This water vapour contributes to form clouds.
On condensation of these clouds, rain comes down.
In this way, trees have major contribution in rainfall.
Hence, deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.

Question 9.
Find out about national parks in your state. Identify and show their location on the 1 outline map of India.
Answer:
There are 3 National Parks in Andhra Pradesh. They are

Papikondalu National Park (East & West Godavari)
Sri Venkateswara National Park (Chittoor)
Rajiv Gandhi National Park (Y.S.R. Kadapa)

Question 10.
Why should paper be saved ? Prepare a list of ways by which you can save paper.
Answer:
We should save the paper for the following reasons :

A large number of trees can be saved by saving paper. From this, we can prevent deforestation.
We can save energy and water which are used for the manufacturing of paper.
We can also prevent water pollution by saving paper.

How can we save paper ?

Collect used paper and send for recycling.
Write on both sides of the paper.
Create awareness among people on importance of saving paper.
Paper should not be burnt.
Encouraging people for paperless transactions.

Question 11.
Complete the word puzzle.
Down :
1) Species on the verge of extinction.
2) A book carrying information about endangered species.
5) Consequence of deforestation.
Across:
1) Species which have vanished.
3) Species found only in a particular habitat.
AP 8th Class Biology 6th Lesson Questions and Answers Conservation of Plants and Animals 1
Answer:
Down:
1) ENDANGERED
2) RED DATA BOOK
5) DFSERTS
Across:
1) EXTINCT
3) LNDEMIC
4) BIODIVERSITY

Question 12.
What is the purpose of making national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves?
Answer:

Conservation of wildlife and their habitats from poachers and illegal forest contractors by declaring them as protected areas.
Implementing strict anti-poaching laws and scientific conservation practices in order to conserve biodiversity of forests in India, are the main purposes of making national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves.

Question 13.
How does deforestation reduce rainfall on the one hand and lead to floods on the other?
Answer:

Plant absorbs water and evaporate it to form clouds. Because of deforestation less water is absorbed from the soil and it disturbs the water cycle. So, the formation of clouds become difficult which leads to reduced rainfall.
On the otherhand, due to deforestation, the water holding capacity of the soil decreases. The roots of the trees get dried after they are cutdown. The movement of water through trees into soil slow down. The water of the rainfall collects on the surface, which results in flood.

Question 14.
I have heard that some of the endemic species may vanish. Is it true?
Answer:

Yes, it is true.
The destruction of their habitat, increasing population and introduction of new species may affect the natural habitat of endemic species and endanger their existence.

Question 15.
What is the difference between a Zoo and a Wildlife sanctuairy?
Answer:

Zoo	Wildlife Sanctuary
1) A zoo is a place where animals are maintained for the purpose of public display.	1) Wildlife Sanctuaries are protected areas where wild animals in their natural habitat (environment)
2) A zoo is a collection of animals that have been gathered from all around the country and from other nations to be shown.	2) A Wildlife Sanctuary is a place where animals and birds that are native to the areas may be found.
3) It is a place where animals receive protection an’d are maintained for public display.	3) They are protected and hunting, poaching are prohibited.
4) These are spread in small areas.	4) These are protected and conserve in large areas.

Question 5.
Are only big animals facing extinction ?
Answer:

No, small animals are much more in danger of becoming extinct than the bigger animals.
We kill small animals like snakes, frogs, bats, lizards and owls ruthlessly without realising their importance in the ecosystem.
They might be small in size but their role in the ecosystem cannot be ignored. They form part of food chains and food webs.

Question 6.
Is there any permanent solution to the problem of deforestation ?
Answer:

The permanent solution for the problem of deforestation is reforestation.
It is restocking of the destroyed trees by planting new trees.
Reforestation can take place naturally also. If the deforested area is left undisturbed, it re-establishes itself.

Extended Learning – Activities And Projects

Question 1.
Plant at least five different plants in your locality during this academic year and ensure their maintenance till they grow.
Answer:
Student activity.

Question 2.
Promise yourself that this year you will gift at least 5 plants to your friends and relatives on their achievements, or on occasions like birthdays. Ask your friends to take proper care of these plants and encourage them to gift plants to their friends on such occasions. At the end of the year count the plants that have been gifted through this chain.
Answer:
Student activity.

Question 3.
Is it justified to prevent tribals from staying in the core area of the forest ? Discuss the matter in your class and note down the points for and against the motion in your notebook.
Answer:

No, because tribals are considered as “sons of forests” as they have been living for thousands of years in forests.
They will not harm the biodiversity of the forests.
They go green in all their activities.
They plant trees and protect wildlife too.
They assist us in keeping the environment free from pollution.
They help us in maintaining ecological balance on earth.

Question 4.
Study the biodiversity of a park nearby. Prepare a detailed report with photographs and sketches of the flora and fauna.
Answer:
Student activity.

Question 5.
Make a list of the new information you have gathered from this chapter. Which information did you find the most interesting and why?
Answer:
I have gathered the following information from this chapter. They are

Wildlife sanctuaries, national parks and biosphere reserves are names given to the areas meantifor conservation and preservation of forest and wild animals.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms in a specific area.
Plants and animals of a particular area are known as the flora and fauna of that area.
Endemic species are those species of plants and animals which are found exclusively in a particular area. They are not naturally found anywhere else.
Clearing of forests and using that land for other purposes is called deforestation. It leads to global warming, change in rainfall patterns, soil erosion and desertification.
Endangered species are those which are facing the danger of extinction.
The Red Data Book symbolizes a warning signal for those species which are ‘endangered and have to be protected. Otherwise, they disappear from earth forever in the near future.
I am surprised to know the information about Red Data Book. I am shocked to see many species of plants and animals which are on the verge of extinction.

Question 6.
Make a list of various uses of papers. Observe currency notes carefully. Do you find any difference between a currency paper and paper of your notebook? Find out where currency paper is made.
Answer:
We use paper for different purposes in our daily life. It is used in

printing books, newspapers and magazines.
packing industry.
publication works.
making notebooks.
making greeting cards, envelops, etc.
currency paper is double layered, single layered paper is used in making notebooks.
currency paper is made in Hoshangabad (Madhya Pradesh).

8th Class Biology 6th Lesson Questions and Answers (Lab Activities)

Activity-1

Add more causes of deforestation to your list and classify them into natural and man-made.
Answer:
Natural and man-made causes of deforestation are as follows :
Natural causes :

Severe droughts
Earthquakes
Floods
Forest fires

Man-made causes :

Clearing the forest for cultivation.
Clearing the forest for construction of houses, factories and roads.
Cutting down the trees for making paper.
Use of wood for making furniture and as firewood.

Activity-2

Animal life is also affected by deforestation. How ? List the points and discuss them in your class.
Answer:
Deforestation shows many adverse affects on animal life. They are

Deforestation leads to destruction of animal habitats. It results in extinction of many wild animals.
Due to loss of habitats many wild animals and birds fall prey to predators and poachers and get killed.
Deforestation leads to shortage of food which is necessary for survival of wild animals and birds. Because of this shortage of food, animals and birds do not get sufficient food and starve to death. Due to this starvation, many species of animals and birds will extinct from the earth.
Deforestation causes disturbance in food chains of ecosystem. This leads to ecological imbalance.
Deforestation leads to increased risk of natural calamities like floods and famines.

Activity-3

Find out the number of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves in your district, state and country. Record in table show these areas in an outline map of your state and India.

Protected Areas	National Park	Wildlife Sanctuary	Biosphere Reserve
In my district
In my state
In my country

Answer:
AP 8th Class Biology 6th Lesson Questions and Answers Conservation of Plants and Animals 3

AP 8th Class Biology 6th Lesson Questions and Answers Conservation of Plants and Animals 4

Activity -4

List the factors disturbing the biodiversity of your area. Some of these factors and human activities may disturb the biodiversity unknowingly. List these human activities. How can these be checked? Discuss in your class and write a brief report in your notebook.
Answer:
Factors causing disturbance in biodiversity are:

Illegal cut down of trees in forests for timber and firewood.
It should be checked immediately because depletion of forests destroys the natural habitats of wild animals and birds. They may become prey for predators and poachers.
Excessive construction, establishment of industries in biodiversity rich zones, may affect the biodiversity of our area.
This should be checked by imposing ban on the above activities in biodiversity rich zones.
A total ban should be imposed on the killing or capturing of wild animals or birds.

Activity-5

Try to identify the flora and fauna of your area and list them.
Answer:
Flora (Trees and Plants) :

Neem
Teak
Sal
Pipal
Babool
Mango
Guava
Arjun
Tamarind
Jasmine
Lotus
Jamun
Fern
Paddy
Pine

B. Fauna (Animals) :

Blue-bull
Deer
Cheetal
Wild-dog
Wolf
Leopard
Stag
Ass
Horse
Cockroach
Buffalo
Peacock
Cat
Dog
Spider

Activity-6

Find out the endemic plants and animals of the region where you live.
Answer:
Endemic species are those which are found exclusively in a particular area.
Different endemic plants are:

Mango
Amlas
Neem
Coconut
Guava
Papaya
Drumstick
Leafy Vegetables
Brinjal
Cucumber
Rose
Bougain Villea
Jasmine
Marigold
Lotus

Different endemic animals are :

Cow
Buffalo
Bull
Ox
Goat
Sheep
Cockroach
Ant
Honeybees
Butterfly
Crow
Pigeon
Hawk
Peacock
Koyal

Activity-7

Visit a nearby zoo. Observe the conditions provided to the animals. Were they suitable for the animals? Can animals live in artificial setting instead of their natural habitat? In your opinion, will the animals be comfortable in a zoo or in their natural habitat?
Answer:
I visited a zoo nearby my village. I observed the following.

Zoo provides protection and suitable living condition to the wild animals similar to their habitat.
Animals kept in zoo are able to live in artificial setting instead of their natural habitat.
Actually, animals are more safe in zoo, when compared to natural habitats. Animals in forests do not have protection from poachers.
Sometimes, animals will starve due to lack of food and water in natural habitat. Sometimes, they may die due to starvation. In zoo, the staff will provide all the basic needs like water, food and shelter, etc., to safeguard them.
But, wild animals prefer to live in their natural habitat, where they can live freely and happily.
So, it’s our duty to conserve wildlife habitats by declaring them as national parks or sanctuaries or biosphere reserves.
We should protect the wildlife by enforcement of strict anti-poaching measures and scientific conservation practices.