AP 6th Class Science 4th Lesson Questions and Answers Getting to Know Plants

Access to the AP 6th Class Science Guide 4th Lesson Getting to Know Plants Questions and Answers are aligned with the curriculum standards.

Getting to Know Plants AP 6th Class Science 4th Lesson Questions and Answers

Exercises

Question 1.
Correct the following statements and rewrite them In your notebook.
a) Stem absorbs water and minerals from the soil.
b) Leaves hold the plant upright.
c) Roots conduct water to the leaves.
d) The number of petals and stamens in a flower is always equal.
e) If the sepals of a flower are joined together, its petals are also joined together.
f) If the petals of a flower are joined together, then the pistil is joined to the petal.
Answer:
a) Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil.
b) Roots hold the plant upright.
c) Stem conducts water to the leaves.
d) The number of petals and sepals in a flower is usually equal.
e) If the sepals of a flower are joined together, its petals are not necessarily joined together.
f) If the petals of a flower are joined together, then the pistil is not necessarily joined to the petal.

Question 2.
Draw (a) a leaf, (b) a tap root and (c) a flower, you have studied for Table 4.3.
Answer:
(a) a leaf

(b) a tap root

(c) a flower

Question 3.
Can you find a plant in your house or in your neighborhood, which has a long but weak stem ? Write its name. In which category will you place it?
Answer:

• Yes. Money plant, cucumber, bitter gourd, bottle gourd plants have long but weak stem.
• They are considered as climbers.

Question 4.
What is the function of a stem ?
Answer:
A stem performs the following functions.

• Stem transports water and minerals from roots to various parts of the plant.
• It transports food from leaves to various parts of the plant.
• It bears leases, flowers and fruits.
• It holds the plant upright.
• In young plants, the stem performs photosynthesis.
• In some plants, stem stores food materials.
  Ex : Sugarcane, turmeric, ginger, potato, garlic.
• In desert plants, stem performs photosynthesis.
  Ex: Opuntia, Cactus.

Question 5.
Which of the following leaves have reticulate venation ?

Answer:
Tulsi, Coriander and china rose have reuculate venation.

Question 6.
If a plant has fibrous root, what type of venation do its leaves have?
Answer:
Parallel venation.

Question 7.
If a plant has leaves with reticulate venation, what kind of roots will it have?
Answer:
Tap roots.

Question 8.
Is it possible for you to find out whether a plant has tap root or fibrous roots by looking at the impression of its leaf on a sheet of paper?
Answer:

• Yes, if leaf impression shows reticulate venation, the plant is likely to have tap root.
• However, if the leaf impression shows parallel venation, the plant is likely to have fibrous root.

Question 9.
What are the parts of a flower?
Answer:
The names of various parts of a flower from outside to inside are:

• Sepals
• Petals
• Stamens
• Pistil

Question 10.
From the following plants, which of them have flowers?

Answer:
All the above plants have flowers.

Question 11.
Name the part of plant which produces food. Name the process.
Answer:

• Leaves are considered as “food factories” of the plants.
• The produce food by the process of photosynthesis.

Question 12.
In which part of a flower, you will find the ovary?
Answer:
They ovary is found in pistil part of a flower.

Question 13.
Name two plants in which one has joined sepals and the other has separate sepals.
Answer:
Plants with joined sepals:

• Datura
• loki
• Cotton
• Tomato

Plants with separate sepals

• China rose
• Mustard
• Lotus
• Lilly
• Rose
• Jasmine

Suggested Project And Activities

Question 1.
Become A Leaf Expert
Do this activity with a number of leaves over a period of few weeks. For every leaf that you wish to study, pluck it and wrap it in a wet cloth and take it home. Now, place the leaf between the folds of a newspaper and place. a heavy book on it. You can also put it under your mattress or a trunk ! Take out the leaf after a week. Paste it on a paper and write a poem or story about it. With your leaf collection pasted in a book, you can become an expert about leaves!
Answer:
Students will do this project by their own. ( Student Activity)

Question 2.
Names of plant parts are hidden In this grid. Search them by going up, down, diagonally, forward or backward. Have fun!

Answer:
1) OVULE
2) VEIN
3) OVARY
4) STEM
5) HERB
6) MIDRIB
7) BUD
8) SHRUB
9) BRANCH
10) STAMEN
11) SEPAL
12) ANIMAL
13) FILAMENT
14) PETIOLE
15) FLOWER

Activities

Activity-1

Observe the stems of various plants, look at the place from where branches appear and classify them. Note your observations in the given table.

Answer:
We look at the various stems of different plants. Some are soft and can be easily bent while some are hard to bend. In some plants branches appear at the ground while in some plants, branches are at some height.

We classify the plants as herb, shrub or tree by these characteristics.
Herb : A plant with a green and tender stem whose branches are near to the ground.
Shrub : A plant with stick stem branches are far away from the ground.
Tree : A plant with thick stem and branches are away from the ground.

Activity-2

How can you show that the stem helps in upward movement of water ?
Answer:

Aim: To prove that stem helps in upward movement of water.
Apparatus required: A glass, water, red/blue ink, a soft stem.

Procedure :

• Pour water to fill one third of the glass.
• Add a few drops of red/blue ink to the water.
• Cut the base of the stem and put it in the glass as shown in the above figure.
• Leave the set up for 2 hours.

Observations :

• We will find that the colour rises in the stem.
• If it is kept for longer period, the colour appears in the veins of leaves also.

Inference : Stern helps in upward movement of water. The water and minerals go to leaves and other plant parts attached to stem.

Activity-3

Write an activity to observe the venation in leaves on a paper
Answer:

• Put a leaf under a white sheet of paper or a sheet in your note book.
• Hold it in place as shown in Figure A.
• Hold your pencil tip sideways and rub it on the portion of the paper having the leaf below it.
• We get an impression with some lines in ¡t; They are similar to those on the leaf.

Explanation :

• Veins are the water transport organs of a plant. They are hard tube like structures which we see an imprint on the paper.
• The prominent line in the middle of the leaf is called the midrib.
• The design made by the veins in the leaf is called “leaf venation”
• If the design is net like on both sides of the midrib, the venation is reticulate
• In the leaves of grass, we can see the veins are parallel. The venation is called parallel venation.

Observe the venation in as many leaves as you can without removing them from the plant and write your observations in a table.

S.No.	Name of the plant	Venation (Reticulate/Parallel)
1.	Tulsi	Reticulate
2.	Grass	Parallel
3.	Maize	Parallel
4.	Sugarcane	Parallel
5.	Neem	Reticulate

Activity-4

How do you demonstrate an experiment to show that transpiration occurs in plants ?
Answer:

Aim : To show that transpiratión takes place in plants.
Materials required : A herb, two transparent polythene bags and thread.

Procedure : (Do this activity during day time on a sunny day)

• Use a healthy. well watered plant that has been growing in the sun.
• Enclose a leafy branch of the plant in a polythene cover and tie up its mouth as shown in the above figure.
• Tie up the mouth of another empty polythene cover and keel) it also in the sun.
• After a few hours, observe the inner surface of covers.

Observations : We can observe small water droplets on the covers.

Inference : The drops of water on the covers are due to a process called “transpiration”. Plant release a lot of water into the air through this process.

Activity-5

Write an experiment to prove that starch is prepared by the leaf.
Answer:

Aim : To prove that starch is prepared by leaves through photosynthesis.
Materials required : A leaf, spirit, a beaker, test tube, burner, water, a watch glass. and iodine solution.

Procedure :

• Take a leaf in a test tube and pour spirit to completely immerse the leaf.
• Now, place the test tube in a beaker half filled with water.
• Heat the beaker till all the green colour from the leaf comes out into the spirit in the test tube.
• Take out the leaf carefully and wash it ¡n water.
• Place it on a watch glass and pour some iodine solution over it.

Observation : The leaf turns into blue-black colour, which indicates the presence of starch in it.

Inference : Plants by using carbondioxide, water and sunlight, prepare starch in leaves. This process is called photosynthesis.

Activity – 6

Write an activity to show the functions of roots in plants.
Answer:

Materials required : Two pots, some soil, khurpi (for digging) blade or a pair of scissors and water.

Procedure :

• Select two plants of the same kind from an open ground and dig them out with roots. Take care that their roots do not break.
• Plant one of them in pot A (Fig. (a)).
• Cut off the roots from the other plant and plant it in pot B (Fig. (b)). Water them regularly.

Observation : Both the plants are watered regularly, the plant in pot B (without roots) is dying while the plant in pot A (with roots) is healthy.

Inference : This activity shows that roots are necessary to keep the plant healthy and alive.

Activity – 7

Write an activity to observe that roots of gram and maize help in holding the plant firmly to the soil.
Answer:

Materials required: Seeds of gram, and maize, cotton, wool, katori (bowl) and some water.

Procedure :

• Take two katoris (bowl), place some wet cotton in them.
• Put 3 or 4 seeds of gram in one and maize in the other.
• Keep the cotton wet by sprinkling water everyday, until the sprouts have grown into young plants.
• After a week, try to separate the young plants from the cotton.

Observation : It is not easy to separate the cotton from the roots. Separation of gram root was little more difficult than uprooting maize root from cotton.

Inference : This is because roots help in holding the plant firmly to the soil. They anchor the plant to the soil.

Activity – 8.

Write an activity to observe that roots of gram and maize are different.

Answer:

• In this activity we have to examine the roots of germinating seeds in activity 7.
• Root of maize is longer without any secondary roots while gram root has secondary roots.

Conclusion : Types of roots depend on the type of plant and the environment. Maize grows in areas with less water. Its root godown in the soil to absorb water while, if we compare gram, it grows in well-irrigated soil. So, it’s root is designed to aborb water at a lesser depth.

Activity-9

Write an activity to study the relation between the type of root and type of venation.
Answer:

1. Go to an open ground. Dug out a few weeds.
2. Wash the soil off the roots and observe them.

Observations :

• Some of the plants have taproot system with lateral roots as shown in figure (a).
• Some of the plants have all similar roots without main roots. These are called “fibrous roots”.

Now, separate these plants into group (a) and group (b). Put the plants with tap roots in group (a) and put the plants with fibrous roots in group (b). Also write their venation in the table.

Name of the plant	Type of leaf venation	Type of root
1) Rose	Reticulate ventation	Tap root
2) Tulsi	Reticulate ventation	Tap root
3) Methi	Reticulate ventation	Tap root
4) Grass	Parallel ventation	Fibrous root
5) Wheat	Parallel ventation	Fibrous root
6) Sugarcane	Parallel ventation	Fibrous root

Conclusion :

• Venation is the arrangement of veins in plants. They have either parallel or reticulate venation.
• Venation depends on the arrangement of xylem. In plants with a taproot, xylem is more organised and advanced. They have tap root system.
• Plants with fibrous roots like wheat, grass, rice, etc.., xylem is unorganised and less advanced. They have parallel venation.

Activity-10

Write activity to observe different parts of a flower and observe different kinds of flowers and note down your observations in the form of a table.
Answer:
Materials required : One bud and two fresh flowers each like Datura, China rose, mustard, brinjal, lady’s finger, gulmohar, a blade, a glass slide or a sheet of paper, a magnifying glass and water.

Observations :
The main parts of the flowers are

• Sepals
• Petals
• Stamens
• Pistil.

Sepals : The small green coloured leaf like structure. These provide protection to the other parts of a flower during bud condition.

Petals:

• The big coloured leaf like structures seen in the flowers are called petals.
• These are mostly bright coloured to attract insects and animals. These insects and animals help in pollination.

Stamens :

• When we remove sepals and petals, we can see long filaments in a flower which are called stamens.
• These are male reproductive parts of flowers. It consists of anther and filaments.

Pistil :

• The inner most part of the flower which we can’t see completely is called pistil.
• This is female reproductive part of flower.
• It consists of stigma, style and ovary.
• This female part of the plant produces seeds and fruits on ripening.

Observations on flowers:
Activity-11

Write an activity to study the structure of ovary in a flower.
Answer:

• Ovary is the swollen part of the pistil.
• Take a flower of China rose (Hibiscus). Remove sepals and petals.
• We will find a swollen light’ green part inside. This is called pistil which is comprised of stigma, style and ovary.
• Now, make two cuts on it, one is longitudinal and another one is transverse section, with the hell) of a blade.
• Put a drop of water on each of the two pieces of the ovary, we have cut. Observe the structures with hand lense.

Observations:

• We will notice small beads like structures inside ovary. These are called ovules.
• The structure of the flower may vary from plant to plant. The number of petals, sepals, stamens and pistils may always not the same. In some flowers, some of these parts even he absent.