AP 10th Class Social History Bits 5th Lesson Print Culture and the Modern
Select and write the most appropriate option
Question 1.
Marcopolo brought back the knowledge of woodblock from _____
A) India
B) America
C) Italy
D) China
Answer:
D) China
Question 2.
Penny magazines were mainly intended for _____
A) Women
B) Men
C) Workers
D) Old people
Answer:
A) Women
Question 3.
What was the name of the book of Rammohun Roy?
A) Gulamgiri
B) Sambad Kaumudi
C) Kesari
D) Istri Dharm Vichar
Answer:
B) Sambad Kaumudi
Question 4.
Ramabai wrote about
A) Rich women
B) Queens
C) Miserable lives of upper caste Hindu women
D) Lower caste women
Answer:
C) Miserable lives of upper caste Hindu women
Question 5.
Battala is in
A) Madhya Pradesh
B) Central Calcutta
C) Kanpur
D) Lucknow
Answer:
B) Central Calcutta
Question 6.
Hindi printing began seriously from
A) 1850s
B) 1890s
C) 1830s
D) 1870s
Answer:
D) 1870s
7. Who was known as Periyar?
A) B.R. Ambedkar
B) Jyotiba Phule
C) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
D) Balgangadhar Tilak
Answer:
C) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
8. When did the Calcutta Supreme Court passed certain regulations to control press freedom?
A) 1800s
B) 1840s
C) 1820s
D) 1890s
Answer:
C) 1820s
9. When did the Vernacular Press Act Passed?
A) 1848
B) 1868
C) 1898
D) 1890s
Answer:
D) 1890s
10. Who was the liberal colonial official ?
A) Curzon
B) Macaulay
C) Bentinck
D) Warren Hastings
Answer:
B) Macaulay
11. WTiat was the revolution that was created by the print culture?
A)American Revolution
B) French Revolution
C) German Revolution
D) Chinese Revolution
Answer:
B) French Revolution
12. WTiat was the oldest Japanese book?
A) Sacchi Kavitayan
B) Golden Sutra
C) Diamond Sutra
D) Mahavamsa
Answer:
C) Diamond Sutra
13. WTio said the words, ‘The Printing Press is the most powerful engine of progress’.?
A) James Augustus Hickey
B) Warren Hastings
C) Macaulay
D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer:
D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
15. WTio were deeply anxious about the collapse of Muslim dynasties?
A) Ravi Varma
B) Rammohun Roy
C) Jinna
D) Ulma
Answer:
D) Ulma
16. When was the Deoband seminary founded?
A) 1822
B) 1867
C) 1848
D) 1890
Answer:
B) 1867
17. WTio ‘perfected the power driven cylindrical press?
A) Gutenberg
B) Hickey
C) Richard M. Hoe
D) The Grimm Brothers
Answer:
C) Richard M. Hoe
18. When did lending libraries come into existence?
A) From the sixteenth century
B) From the eighteenth century
C) From the nineteenth century
D) From the seventeenth century
Answer:
D) From the seventeenth century
19. Who proclaimed, ‘Tremble before the Virtual writer”.
A) Rousseau
B) Mercier
C) Erasmus
D) Voltaire
Answer:
B) Mercier
20. ‘Biliotheque Bleue’ were
A) Religious books
B) Low priced small books
C) Books for women
D) Books for the young
Answer:
B) Low priced small books
Fill in the blanks :
1. What is this history ? When did printed literature begin to circulate ? How has it helped create the _________
Answer: modern world
2. Rich women began to read and many women began _________
Answer: publishing their poetry and plays
3. The new reading culture was accompanied by a _________
Answer: new technology
4. From hand printing there was now a gradual shift to _________
Answer:
mechanical printing 6. Tokyo
5. Reading, increasingly became a leisure _________
Answer: activity
6. Edo was later known as _________
Answer: Tokyo
7. _________ and bookstores were packed with hand-printed material of various types.
Answer: libraries
8. Now Italians began producing books with and soon the technology spread to other parts of Europe _________
Answer: woodblocks
9. There was clearly a great need for even quicker and cheaper reproduction of texts, this could only be with the invention of a _________
Answer: new print technology
10. The olive press provided the model for the _________
Answer: printing press
11. Printers from Germany travelled to other countries seeking work and helping _________
Answer: start new presses
12. The second half of the fifteenth century saw. markets in Europe. _________
Answer: 20
13. The print Evolution influenced popular perceptions and opened up new ways of _________
Answer: looking at things
14. Access to books created a new culture of reading. Earlier, reading was restricted to the _________
Answer: elites
15. But the transition was not so simple. Books could be read only by _________
Answer: the literate
16. Printers began publishing popular ballads and folk tales and such books were pro¬fusely illustrated _________
Answer: with pictures
17. Even those who disagreed with established authorities could now _________
Answer: print and circulate their ideas
18. Not everyone welcomed the printed book and those who did also _________
Answer: had fears about it
19. This anxiety was the basis of widespread criticism of the new printed literature that _________
Answer: had begun to circualte
20. When the Roman Church began its inquistion to repress heretical ideas, Menocchio was _________
Answer: hauled up twice and ultimately executed
21. The Roman Church, troubled by such effects of popular readings and questionings of faith imposed _________
Answer: severe controls over publishers and booksellers
22. As literacy and schools spread in European countries, there was a _________
Answer: virtual reading mania
23. In France were _________ which were low priced small books printed on poor quality paper.
Answer: Biliotheque Bleue
24. Similarly the ideas of scientists and philosophes now became _________
Answer: more accesible to the common people
25. The printing press is the most powerful _________
Answer: engine of progress and public opinion
26. Print popularised the ideas of _________
Answer: the Englightenment thinkers
27. Print created a new culture of _________
Answer: dialogue and debate
28. This literature circulated underground and led to the growth of _________
Answer: hostile sentiments against the monarchy
29. There can be no doubt that print helps the spread of ideas. But we must remember that people did not read _________
Answer: just one kind of literature
30. People were not influenced directly by everything they read or saw. They accepted _________ and _________
Answer: some ideas ; rejected others
31. _________ had been in existence from the seventeenth century onwards.
Answer: lending libraries
32. After the working day was gradually shortened from the mid-nineteenth century, workers had _________
Answer: sometime for self improvement and self expression
33. By the late eighteenth century, the press came to be made _________
Answer: out of metal
34. _________ of New York had perfected the power driven cylindrical press.
Answer: Richard M. Hoe
35. With the onset of the Great Depression in _________ publishers feared a decline in book purchases.
Answer: 1930s
36. They (manuscripts) would be either pressed between wooden coves or _________
Answer: sewn together to ensure preservation
37. Many thus became literate without ever actually _________
Answer: sewn together to ensure preservation
38. Catholic priests printed the first Tamil book in _________
Answer: 1579
39. _________ that described itself (Bengal Gazette) as a commercial paper open
Answer: to all, but influenced by none
40. But he (Hickey) also published a lot of gossip about the _________
Answer: company’s senior officials in India
41. Some criticised existing practices and campaigned for reform while others _________
Answer: countered the arguments of reformers
42. Printed tracts and news papers not only spread the new ideas, but they _________
Answer: shaped the nature of the debate
43. All through the nineteenth century, a number of _________
Answer: Muslim sects and seminaries appeared
44. Naval Kishore Press at Lucknow and the Sri Venkateshwar Press in Bombay published _________
Answer: numerous religious texts in vernaculars
45. Newspapers conveyed news from one place to another, _________
Answer: creating pan-Indian identities
46. Print created an appetite for _________
Answer: new kinds of reading
47. Other new literary forms also entered the world of reading – lyrics, short stories, es¬says about _________
Answer: social and political matters
48. By the end of the nineteenth century, a new visual _________
Answer: culture was taking shape
49. Poor wood engravers who made woodblocks setup shop near the letter presses and _________
Answer: were employed by print shops
50. By the 1870s carricatures and cartoons were being published in journals and newspapers, commenting on _________
Answer: social and political issues
51. Many journals began carrying writings by women and explained why women _________
Answer: should be educated
52. Muslims feared that educated women would be _________
Answer: corrupted by reading urdu romances
53. A women in a Tamil novel expressed what reading meant to women who were _________
Answer: so greatly confined by social regulations
54. Hindi printing began seriously only from the _________
Answer: 1870s
55. In _________ too, a similar folk literature was widely printed from the early twentieth century.
Answer: Punjab
56. These libraries were located mostly in cities and towns and at times in prosperous _________
Answer: villages
57. For rich local patrons, setting up a library was a way of _________
Answer: acquiring prestige
58. Local protest movements and sects also created a lot of popular journals and tracts criticing ancient scriptures and envisioning a new _________
Answer: and just future
59. Workers in factories were too overworked and lacked the education to write _________
Answer: much about their experiences
60. By the 1930s Bangalore cotton millworkers set up libraries to educate themselves following the example of _________
Answer: Bombay workers
61. The company was worried that such criticisms might be used by its critics in England
to attack _________
Answer: its trade monopoly in India
62. In _________ faced with urgent petitons by editors of English and vernacular news papers, Governor-General Bentinck agreed to revise press laws.
Answer: 1835
63. in 1878 the _________ Act was passed modelled on the Irish Press Laws.
Answer: Vernacular press
64. When a report was judged as seditious, the newspaper _________
Answer: was warned
65. Attempts to throttle nationalist criticism provoked militant protest. This in turn led to
a renewed cycle of _________
Answer: persecution and protests
Match the following :
Question 1 .
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. Tulasidas | a) Upper caste Hindu women |
| 2. TIarabai Shinde | b) Experiences of women |
| 3. Kailashbashini Debí | c) Religious Texts |
| 4. Shri Venkateshwar Press | d) Ramacharitamanas |
Answer:
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. Tulasidas | d) Ramacharitamanas |
| 2. TIarabai Shinde | a) Upper caste Hindu women |
| 3. Kailashbashini Debí | b) Experiences of women |
| 4. Shri Venkateshwar Press | c) Religious Texts |
Question 2.
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. Compositor | a) a historical account or folk tale in verse |
| 2. Ballad | b) a metal frame in which types are laid |
| 3. Tavern | c) the person who composes the text for printin |
| 4. Galley | d) a place were people gather to drink alcohol |
Answer:
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. Compositor | c) the person who composes the text for printin |
| 2. Ballad | a) a historical account or folk tale in verse |
| 3. Tavern | d) a place were people gather to drink alcohol |
| 4. Galley | b) a metal frame in which types are laid |
Question 3.
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. Inquisition | a) a writing that is seen as opposing the government |
| 2. Satiety | b) a former Roman Catholic court |
| 3. Seditious | c) a former Roman Catholic court for iden tifying and punishing heretics |
| 4. Heretical | d) the state of being fulfilled |
Answer:
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. Inquisition | b) a former Roman Catholic court |
| 2. Satiety | d) the state of being fulfilled |
| 3. Seditious | a) a writing that is seen as opposing the government |
| 4. Heretical | c) a former Roman Catholic court for iden tifying and punishing heretics |
Question 4.
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. 1508 AD | a) Diamond Sutra was printed |
| 2. 1517 AD | b) Gutenberg developed the system of cast ing metal types for the letters of the alph abet |
| 3. 868 AD | c) Martin Luther wrote Ninety Five Theses |
| 4. 1448 AD | d) Erasmus criticised the excesses of catho |
Answer:
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. 1508 AD | d) Erasmus criticised the excesses of catho |
| 2. 1517 AD | c) Martin Luther wrote Ninety Five Theses |
| 3. 868 AD | a) Diamond Sutra was printed |
| 4. 1448 AD | b) Gutenberg developed the system of cast ing metal types for the letters of the alph abet |
Question 5.
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. 1835 | a) The attitude of the English to the Free dom of press changed. |
| 2. 1857 | b) The statesman was founded |
| 3. 1878 | c) Governor – General Bentinck revised the press laws |
| 4. 1877 | d) The Vernacular Press Act was passed |
Answer:
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. 1835 | c) Governor – General Bentinck revised the press laws |
| 2. 1857 | a) The attitude of the English to the Free dom of press changed. |
| 3. 1878 | d) The Vernacular Press Act was passed |
| 4. 1877 | b) The statesman was founded |
Question 6.
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. Thè Grimm Brothers | a) Setup in France in 1857 |
| 2. George Eliot | b) Ešpecially meant for women |
| 3. Penny magazines | c) Gathered folk tales |
| 4. A children’s press | d) A woman novelist |
Answer:
| Column – A | Column – B |
| 1. Thè Grimm Brothers | c) Gathered folk tales |
| 2. George Eliot | d) A woman novelist |
| 3. Penny magazines | b) Ešpecially meant for women |
| 4. A children’s press | a) Setup in France in 1857 |
True or False:
1. We may realise that print itself has a history which has, in fact, shaped our contemporary world. ( )
Answer: False
2. The earliest kind of print technology was developed in China,
Answer: True
3. Merchants used print in their everyday life as they collected trade information. ( )
Answer: True
4. Western printing techniques and mechanical presses were imported in the late seven-teenth century as western powers established their outposts in China. ( )
Answer: False
5. The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 868, is the Buddhist Diamond Sutra contain¬ing six sheets of text and woodcut illustrations. ( )
Answer: True
6. In the late sixteenth century, in the flourishing urban circles at Edo, (later to be known as Tokyo) illustrated collections of paintings. ( )
Answer: False
7. Merchants and students in the university towns bought the cheaper printed copies. ( )
Answer: True
8. With the growing demand for books, woodblock printing gradually became more and more popular. ( )
Answer: True
9. As a child Gutenberg learnt the art of polishing stones and becaem a master gold¬smith. ( )
Answer: True
10. It took three years to produce 180 printed copies of the Bible. ( )
Answer: True
11. Between 1400 and 1500 printing presses were set up in most countries in Europe. ( )
Answer: False
12. The shift from mechanical printing to hand printing led to the print revolution. ( )
Answer: False
13. With the printing press introduction, the cost of the books was increased. ( )
Answer: False
14. People collectively heard a story or saw a performance. They did not read a book individually and silently. ( )
Answer: True
15. If earlier there was a hearing public, now a reading public came into being. ( )
Answer: True
16. The line that separated the oral and reading cultrues became blurred; the hearing public and the reading public became divided. ( )
Answer: False
17. Even those who disagreed with established authorities, could now print and circulate their ideas. ( )
Answer: True
18. It was feared that if there was control over what was printed and read rebellious and irreligious thoughts might spread. ( )
Answer: False
19. In 1517, the religous reformer Martin Luther wrote Ninety Five Theses criticising many of the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church. ( )
Answer: True
20. Print and popular irreligious pictures stimulated many distinctive individual interpre-tations of faith even among little-educated working people. ( )
Answer: False
21. By the end of the eighteenth century, in some parts of Europe, literacy rates were as high as 60 to 80 percent. ( )
Answer: True
22. There were almanacs or ritual calendars, along with ballads and folktales. ( )
Answer: True
23. Then there were the romances, printed on four to six pages and the more substantial histories’ which were stories about the past. ( )
Answer: True
24. The writings of scientists such as Thomas Paine, Voltaire and Jean Jacques Rousseau were also widely printed and read. ( )
Answer: False
25. Louise – Sebastien Mercier was a poet in the eighteenth century France. ( )
Answer: False
26. Print made the people argue for the rule of reason rather than custom and demanded that everything be judged through the application of reason and rationality. ( )
Answer: True
27. The writings of Voltaire and Rousseau were not read widely. ( )
Answer: False
28. Those who read the books of Voltaire and Rousseau saw the world through new eyes, eyes that were questioning critical and rational. ( )
Answer: True
29. Cartoons and carricatures typically suggested that the monarchy remained absorbed only in sensual pleasures. ( )
Answer:
30. If they read the ideas of Voltaire and Rousseau, they were also not exposed to monar-chical and church propaganda. ( )
Answer: False
31. A children’s press devoted to literature for children alone was set up in France in 1857. ( )
Answer: True
32. What they collected was edited before the stories were published in a collection in 1912. ( )
Answer: False
33. When novels b£gan to be written in the nineteenth century women were not seen as important readers. ( )
Answer: False
34. From the turn of the nineteenth century, electrically operated presses accelerated printing operations. ( )
Answer: False
35. The dust cover or the book jacket is also a twentieth century innovation. ( )
Answer: True
36. Manuscripts continued to be produced till well after the introduction of print down to the late nineteenth century. ( )
Answer: True
37. Even though pre-colonial Bengal had developed an extensive network of village pri¬mary schools, students very often did not read texts. ( )
Answer: True
38. By 1810 Dutch protestant missionaries had printed 32 Tamil, texts, many of them trans-lations of older works. ()
Answer: False
39. Hickey published a lot of advertisements, including those that related to the export and purchase of slaves. ()
Answer: False
40. By the close of the sixteenth century a number of newspapers and journals appeared in print ( )
Answer: False
41. From the early nineteenth century as you know there were intense debates around religious issues. ( )
Answer: True
42. To counter this they used cheap lithographic presses, published Persian and Urdu translations of holy scriptures and printed religious newspapers and tracts. ( )
Answer: True
43. Among Hindus too print encouraged the reading of religious texts especially in Sanskrit langauge. ( )
Answer: False
44. From the 1780s the Naval Kishore Press at Lucknow and the Shri Venkateshwar Press in Bombay published a few religious texts in vernaculars. ( )
Answer: False
45. Religious texts therefore reached a very wide circle of people encouraging discus¬sions, debates and controversies within and among different religions. ( )
Answer: True
46. Lives and feelings of women began to be written in particularly vivid and intense ways women’s reading therefore increased enormously in middle class homes. ( )
Answer: True
47. We know the story of a girl in a conservative Muslim family of north India who secretly learnt to read and write in Urdu. ( )
Answer: True
48. From the 1810s a few Bengali women like Kailashbashini Debi wrote books. ( )
Answer: False
49. Hindi printing began seriously only from the 1850s. ( )
Answer: False
50. Ram Chaddha published the fast selling Tstri Dharm Vichar’ to teach women how to be obedient wives. ( )
Answer: True
51. In Bengal an entire area in central Calcutta the Battala was devoted to the printing of popular bopks. ( )
Answer: True
52. Very cheap small books were brought to markets in nineteenth century Madras towns and sold at cross roads. ( )
Answer: True
53. From the late eighteenth century issues of caste discrimination began to be written about in many printed tracts and essays. ( )
Answer: False
54. E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker in Madras, better known as Periyar wrote powerfully on caste. ( )
Answer: True
55. By the 1930s Bombay cotton mill workers set up libraries to educate themselves.( )
Answer: False
56. Before 1798 the colonial state under the East India Company was not too concerned with censorship.
Answer: True
57. By the 1820s the Delhi Supreme Court passed certain regulations to control press freedom. ( )
Answer: False
58. After the Revolt of 1857, the attitude to freedom of the press changed. ( )
Answer: True
59. In 1878, the Vernacular Press Act was passed modelled on the French Press Laws. ( )
Answer: False
60. When Punjab revolutionaries were deported in 1907, Balagangadhar Tilak wrote with great sympathy about them in his Kesari.( )
Answer: True