AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions Lifelines of National Economy

These AP 10th Class Social Important Questions Geography 7th Lesson Lifelines of National Economy will help students prepare well for the exams.

Lifelines of National Economy AP 10th Class Social Geography 6th Lesson Important Questions

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions: 8 Marks

Question 1.
Distinguish between Transport and Communication.
Answer:

Transport	Communication
1) Transportation is a medium to carry people and goods, from one place to another place.	1) Communication is a medium for trans-ferring the message from one place to another. The communication can be of any type, like the message telephone, direct communication etc.
2) Transportation takes times to transport the people and goods from one place to another.	2) Communication in the current world takes less than a minute to communicate to the person mile away from us.
3) In the earlier period the animals were used for transportation purpoSE, hut after the new inventions vehicles are used as a mode of transportation.	3) For communication, the internet is widely used in the current world. The messages and data are shared quickly throughout the world. Mass media communication helps to deliver the message to the whole world within seconds.
4) Transportation can be through waterways, airways, roadways or through pipelines.	4) Communication also has different kinds of ways used to communicate. There are two type of communication that is personal and mass media commu-nication. Personal communication includes telephone, whatsapp, telegram post etc., while mass communication include radio, TV, Facebook, etc.
5) There is huge development from the bullock cart to the spaceship. The inventions of new technology have saved the time immensely.	5) In communication also, the development with technology is being massive, These developments have reduced the communication time from days and months to minutes and seconds.

Question 2.
Describe the measures taken for the quick delivery of mails in cities and towns.
Answer:
Measures taken for quick delivery of emails in cities and large towns are following:

• 1) The Indian postal network is the largest in the world.
• 2) It handles parcels as well as personal written communication.
• 3) Cards and envelops are considered first class mail and airlifted between stations covering both land and air.
• 4) To facilitate quick delivery of emails in large towns and cities, six main channels have been introduced recently. They are called
  • a) Rajdhani Channel.
  • b) Metro Channel.
  • c) Green Channel
  • d) Business Channel
  • e) Bulk mail Channel and
  • F) Periodical Channel

Question 3.
Why is air travel more popular in the North-states of India ?
Answer:

• The North – Eastern states of India are Arnphchal Pradesh, Anam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland,-Sikkim and Tripuiia.
• The north east part of India consists of massive rivers, dissected relief, dense forests, frequent floods and in particular international frontiers.
• These factors build aviation as a-convenient mode of transportation in these areas.
• The air travel is the fastest most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport.
• It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains, dreary deserts and also long oceanic stretches with great ease.
• Airways have made access easier in the north – eastern part of the country which is very useful especially during natural calamities.

Question 4.
Describe the importance of pipelines in India. Name three important networks of pipeline transportation in the country.
Answer:
The pipeline transport network is a new arrived on the transportation of India.

• Transport of crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants,
• Even solids can be transported through pipelines when converted into a slurry.
• The far inland locations or refineries and gas – based fertilizer plants could be transported.
• The initial cost of laying pipelines is high but subsequent running costs are minimal.
• It rules out transhipment losses or delays.

Three important networks of pipeline transportation in India:

• From the oil field in the Upper Assam to Kanpur (UP), Via Guwahati, Baraumi and Allahabad.
• From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab. Via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat.
• Gas pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat connects Jagdishpur pipeline in UP, Via Vijaipur in MP. It is the longest pipeline in India.

Question 5.
Roadways still have an edge over the railways in India. “Support the statement with examples.
Answer:
Roadways still have an edge over railways in India:

• Construction cost of roadways is much lower than that of railways.
• Roads can traverse comparatively more dissecting and undulating plains.
• Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and can traverse mountains like Himalayas.
• Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and small amount of goods over short distances.
• It also provides door to door services.
• Cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
• Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide link between railway station, airports and sea ports.

Question 6.
Classify the roads according to their capacity and describe the role of each.
Answer:
In India, roads are classified in six classes according to their capacity as given below.
1) Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways (Expressways) : These projects are imple-mented by the (NHAI). There are three major Super Highways.

• Golden Quadrilateral starts from Delhi, moves to Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and back to Delhi.
• The North – South corridor starts from Srinagar to Kanyakumari.
• The East – West corridor connects Silchar to Porbandar.

2) National Highways : These roads are laid maintained by Central Public Works Department (CPWD). A number of major National ftighways run in North – South and East – West directions, e.g., Sher-Shah-Suri Marg is called National Highway No. 1.

3) State Highways : Roads linking a state capital with different district headquarters are known as state highways. These roads are constructed and maintained by states and Union Territories.

4) District Roads: These roads connect the district headquarters with other places of the district. These roads are maintained by the Zilla Parishad.

5) Rural Roads: These roads link rural areas and villages with towns. These roads are constructed under the Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana.

6) Border Roads : These have increased accessibility in areas of difficult terrian. Projects related to Super Highways are being implemented by the NHAI.

Question 7.
Describe the physical and economic factors that influence the distribution pattern of the Indian Railways network.
Answer:
The distribution pattern of the Railway network in the country has been largely influ-enced by physiographic, economic and administrative factors.
Physiographic Factors:

• The northern plains with their vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources provided the most favourable condition for their growth.
• A large number of rivers requiring construction of bridges across their wide beds posed some obstacles.
• In the hilly terrains of the peninsular region, railway tracts are laid through tow hills, gaps or tunnels.
• It is difficult to lay railway tracks in the sandy plahss’Of western Rajasthan, Swamps of Gujarat and forested areas of states in General India, e.g., Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Jharkhand.

Economic Factos:

• State funding plays a vital role in the development bf railways across the nations.
• The state with flexible laws supports the growth of railways.
• The places that are highly industrialised attract the development of railways.
• Since the growth of both is complimentary to each other, E.g., recently railway network is enhancing along the industrial corridors.

Question 8.
Explain the importance of railways as the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India.
Answer:
The importance of Indian Railways as a means of transport for freight and passengers in India are as follows:

• Railways make it possible to conduct multifarious activities like business, sight seeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods.
• It is suitable for long distance travel.
• Plays an important role in national integration.
• Railways bind the economic life of the country.
• It accelerates the development of the industry and agriculture.
• Today the railways have become more important than all other means of transport put together.

Question 9.
Distinguish between Personal Communication and Mass Communication.
Answer:
Personal Communication:

• The exchange of information between the individuals is called personal commptncation.
• It includes post and telegraph services, telephone, mobile phone, short message services, fax, internet, e-mail etc.
• Personal communication system enables the user to establish direct contact.

Mass communication:

• Mass communication enables millions of people to get time information at the same time.
• it is a great way to provide education as well as entertainment.
• The mass communication systems can provide the information to people in two methods. They are Print Media and Electronic Media.

Question 10.
Describe the major seaports of India.
Answer:
India is a peninsular country and has a long coast line. There are 12 major and 187 minor seaports in the country. Some famous seaports are:

• Mumbai is the biggest port. Jawaharlal Nehru port was built in order to decongest the Mumbai port.
• Murmugao port in Goa is an important iron ore exporting port in the country.
• New Mangalore port exports iron ore which is concentrated in the Kudremukh mines.
• Kochi port is located in the extreme south western part of the country. It has been develop alongside a natural harbour.
• Tuticorn port in Tamil Nadu has’a natural harbour and exports cargos to our neighbouring countries.
• Chennai is one of the oldest artificial ports of our country. It is next to Mumbai in terms of trading activities.
• Visakhapatnam is the deepest land locked port.
• Kolkata is an inland reverine port. Haldia port was developed to reduce pressure of the Kolkata port.
• Paradwip port in Odisha specialise in the export ofiron ore.
• Kandla in Kutch was the first port developed after independence to ease the pressure on The Mumbai port.

Question 11.
“Railways in India promotes the socio-economic life of the country.” Examine the statement.
Answer:
The Indian railways promote socio-economic life of the country in the following ways:

1. The nation’s economic life is tied together by the transportation of various goods by Indian railways, including agricultural products, iron and steel, fertilisers, and mineral ores.
2. It facilitates the movement of goods and provides affordable connectively for people at lower cost.
3. It also majtes it possible for people to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, pilgrimage, etc.
4. Railways help industrial and agricultural development proceeds more quickly, which boosts the nations’ economy.
5. Perishable foods, agricultural implements, and other items can be transported quickly over long distances.
6. Railways help in facing man-made calamities like social, political, and religious disturbances, insurgencies, etc. It facilitates the easy movement of police, troops, defence equipment, etc. during times of emergency.

Question 12.
Describe the physical and economic factors that influenced the distribution pattern of the Indian Railways network.
Answer:

• The distribution pattern of the Indian Railways was influenced by physical, economic find administrative factors.
• The northern plains provided the most favourable conditions for its growth, because of vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources. However there were large number of rivers here were required construction of bridges across their wide beds.
• The Himalayan regions were unfavourable for its growth as it had high relief, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities.
• it was also difficult to lay trades “in the swamps of Gujarat, sand plains of Rajashthan and forested areas of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattigarh, Orissa and Jharkhand.
• The continuous stretch of the SahadryiS could only be crossed through gaps of passes.
• The development of the Konkan railway along the western coast helped in access in the most important economic region of the country. But this has faced problems of sighing of tracks in some areas and longitudes too.

Question 13.
“Roadways still have an edge over railways in India.” Support the statement with arguments.
Answer:
As of 2022, the total length of National Highways in the country was 144634 km. The growing importance of road transport vis-a-vis rail transport is rooted in the following „ reasons:

• Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines.
• It is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances.
• Roads provide door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
• Roads can transverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography.
• Roads/ian negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can transverse mountains such as the Himalayas.
• Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport. They provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports.

Question 14.
What is the difference between international and local trade?
Answer:

Aspeet	International Trade	Local Trade
Definition	Exchange of goods and services between different countries.	Exchange of goods and services within a specific city, town or village.
Transportation	Involves movement across nationalborders using sea, air and land transport.	Typically involves shorter distances and local transport systems like roadways.
Influencing	Influenced by traffics, trade agreements, currency exchange rates.	Often regulated by local laws and regulations.
Factions	Has a larger scale and impact on the over all economy of a country.	Contributes more directly to the local economy, supporting local businesses and livelihoods.
Economic Impact	Involves the import and export of wide range of products including raw materials, finished goods and services.	Focuses on meeting local demands. for daily necessities and services.
Product Range	Requires complex logistics and documentation due to customs regulations and international agreements:	Relatively simpler and more immediate in nature.

Question 15.
What are the advantages of waterways as a means oT transport?
Answer:
Cost-effective : Water transport is relatively cheaper compared to other modes of transportation,yaking it cost-effective for carrying goods in bulk.
1) Suitable for heavy and bulky goods: Waterways are suitable for transporting heavy and bulky goods, as they can accommodate large Vessels and have high capacity.
2) Environmentally friendly: Water transport has a lower carbon footprint compared to other modes of transportation, as it produces fewer emissions and consumes less fuel.
3) Accessibility: Waterways provide access to remote areas and can reach places
that are not easily accessible by other modes of transport such as railways or roads.
4) Less congestion: Waterways usually have less congestion Compared to roads or railways, resulting in smoother and more efficient transportation of goods.
5) Support for international trade: Waterways play a crucial role in facilitating international trade, as they provide access to ports for imports and exports.
6) Fuel efficiency: Water transport is fuel-efficient, as ships can carry a large quantity of goods using relatively less fuel compared to other modes of transport.
7) Economic development: Development of waterways can stimulate economic growth by connecting different regions and promoting trade and commerce.

Question 16.
What Is the significance of the Digital India programme?
Answer:
1) Transformative : The Digital India programme aims to transform India into a knowledge-based society by making technology central to enabling change. It focuses on leveraging information technology and Indian talent to shape the future of the country.

2) Economic Development : Digital India is an umbrella programme that aims to prepare India for a knowledge-based transformation. By promoting the use of technology, it can drive economic growth, create employment opportunities, and attract investment in the country.

3) Access to Information : The programme seeks to improve access to information and bridge the digital divide by providing connectivity and digital infrastructure. It aims to extend telecom networks, including STD facilities, to every village in India.

4) Efficient Communication : Digital India emphasizes the development of communication infrastructure, including mass communication channels like radio, television, newspapers, and films. It enables quick and efficient dissemination of information, entertainment, and awareness about national programmes and policies.

5) Global Trade : The programme highlights the importance of a dense and efficient network of transport and communication for local, national, and global trade. It facilitates international trade by leveraging India’s technological capabilities, such as software exports and information technology expertise.

6) National Integration: Digital India promotes national integration by connecting different parts of the country through digital infrastructure, including roads, railways, airways, and information and communication technology networks. It aims to bridge the gap between rural and urban areas and ensure equal opportunities for all.

7) Protecting Heritage : The programme recognizes the role of tourism as a trade and promotes the development of different types of tourism in India. It helps showcase the country’s rich cultural heritage and promotes international understanding.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions: 4 Marks

Question 1.
Transport communication and trade are complimentary to each other – Explain.
Answer:
The pace of development of a country depends upon the production of goods and services as well as their movement over space. Therefore, efficient means of transport is a pre-requisite for fast development.

• For a long time, trade and transport were restricted to a limited space.
• With the development in sciehce and technology, the area of influence of trade and transport expanded far and wide.
• Today, the world has been connected into a large village with the help of efficient and fast moving transport.
• Transport has been able to achieve this with the help of equally developed communication system. Therefore transport, communication and trade are complementary to each other.

Question 2.
Write any four problems related to road transportation in India.
Answer:

• The national highways are too inadequate.
• Inadequate road networks keeping in view the volume and traffic and passengers.
• Poor road surfaces cause heavy loss in wear and tear of vehicles.
• The roadways are highly congested in cities and most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
• There are multiple, cheek- posts, toll – tax and octroi duties collection points on the roads which bring down the speed of the traffic waste time and the traffic, waste time and cause irritation to the commuters.

Question 3.
What are national highways ? And write its importance.
Answer:
The main road which are constructed and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (C.P.W.D) are known as national highways. These roads connect the state capitals, big cities and important ports.
Importance:

• The national highways maintain the availability of essential products. The state to state trade is possible because of the national highways.
• All the essential products like the raw materials, finished products, vegetables, food grairis etc., are transported through these roads. .

Question 4.
Write short note on border roads in India.
Answer:

• The border roads organization, a Government of India undertaking constructs and maintain roads in the border areas of the country.
• This organisation was established in 1960 for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north-eastern border areas.
• These roads have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrian.
• These roads have helped in the economic development of these areas.

Question 5.
What are the disadvantages of Indian Railways ?
Answer:
Disadvantages:

• Many passengers travel without tickets.
• Thefts and damaging of railway properties have not yet stopped completely.
• People stop the trains, pull the chain unnecessarily and these cause heavy damage to the railways.
• Railway transport is unsuitable and uneconomical for short distance and small traffic of goods.
• Another disadvantage of railway transport its flexibility. Its routes and timings cannot be adjusted to individual requirements.

Question 6.
Write the significance of waterways in India.
Answer:

• It is the cheapest means of transport.
• It is most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods.
• It is fuel efficient and environment friendly mode of transport.
• More than 95% of the country’s trade volume is moved by the sea.
• The maintenance cost of waterways is also negligible.
• With the development of the National waterways, it has become the main source of transportation for the national trade.

Question 7.
Write a short note on Kandla Sea Port.
Answer:
The characteristics of Kandla Sea port are :

• Kandla in Kuchchh was the first port developed soon after independence.
• It was developed to reduce the volume of traffic on Mumbai port.
• It is a tidal port.
• It caters to exports and imports of highly productive granary and industrialised states.

Question 8.
Write the importance of airways in India.
Answer:

• The air travel is the fastest, most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport in India.
• It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains, deserts, dense forests and also long oceanic stretches with great ease.
• The airways also helps in increasing the trade specially that of perishable products.
• Air travel has made access easier.

Question 9.
What is an International Trade ? What is the role of international trade in development of a country ?
Answer:
The trade between two countries is called international trade. It may take place through sea, air or land routes, Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. So, it is considered as the economic barometer of the country.
Role of International Trade :

• No,Country can surive without international trade because resources are space bound.
• It is through international trade that we earn much of our foreign exchange which is required for importing many essential goods.
• Foreign trade helps in transfer of technology.
• Foreign trade leads to cultural exchange.

Question 10.
Excessive use of road transportation is the main reason for ever increasing pollution which is very damaging for heedth. How according to you, this can be controlled ?
Answer:
The measures to control pollution are as follows :

• Nowadays, most of the people rely on the roadways mode of transport.
• The excessive use of road tranportation is causing air, sound pollution.
• It is also one of the reason for deforestation.
• We can control these pollutions-by minimalizing the use of vehicles.
• Using public transport instead of riding the personal vehicles.
• We can walk or use bicycle as far as possible to reduce air pollution.
• Vehicle pollution can get reduced by reducing the consumption of fuel fuels.
• The person should turn off the ignition on the red signals.
• Electric buses and trains would reduce the pollution and will be environment friendly.

Question 11.
Why means of transportation and communication are called lifelines of a nation and its economy ? Explain.
Answer:

• Means of transport provide seamless movement of goods and people and thus facilitate various economic activities.
• Means of communication help in flow of information which is necessary for proper management of supply chain and financial transactions.
• Thus, means of transport and communication put life into a nation and its economy. Hence, they are called the lifeline of a nation and its economy.

Question 12.
Explain the ways in which tourism promotes the related industries and services of the destination country.
Answer:

• Tourism promotes various industries like handicraft industry, sculpture, sea-shell, regional handloom among others.
• Indian handicrafts and handloom in particular hold special attraction for the western tourists.
• Hospitality in services sectors is benefitted immensely, by tourism.
• Also, the transportation services reap the benefits of tourism.
• Over 2.6 million foreign tourists visit India every year.
• For example, tourism contributed 14,000 crore rupees to the Indian exchequer in year 2000 and generated employment for 15 million people directly engaged in the tourism industry.

Question 13.
“Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its prosperity”. Support the statement with suitable examples.
Answer:

• The advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. It is therefore, considered the economic barometer for a country.
• International trade plays a very important role in the development and growth of the country.
• The coming up of-MNCs give opportunities for employment in the country.
• Foreign trade enables a country to earn foreign exchange.
• With the help of foreign investment, the economy of the country becomes strong.

Question 14.
India has emerged as a software giant at the International level. Suggest any one way to enhance the export of information technology.
Answer:
Globalisation / International Trade;

• India is emerged as the software giant in the IT sector.
• It can be enhanced in many ways to improve the export of information technology.
• This platform can be promoted all over the world through planned and synchronized social media.
• It can also be enhanced through digital media marketing techniques.
• If this gets promoted with better and innovative ideas, countries all over the world would invest in our work and would also come forward to work with us.

Question 15.
Why are efficient means of transport pre-requisites for the fast development of the country ? Explain.
Answer:

• Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development.
• Goods and services do not move from supply locales to demand locals on their own.
• The movement of these goods and services from their supply locations to demand locations necessitates the need for transport.
• The pace of a country depends upon the production of goods and services as well as their movement over space.
• Therefore efficient means of transport and communication are prerequisites for fast development.

Question 16.
“Roadways still have an edge over railways in India.” Support the statement with examples.
Answer:
Roadways have more importance than Railways due to the following reasons :

• It provides door to door service.
• It can traverse comparatively more dissected areas and undulating topography.
• It goes to higher gradients of slopes and can transverse mountains such as Himalayas.
• Construction cost of roads is much less than that of railways lines.
• It is also used as feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide link between railway stations, air and sea ports.

Question 17.
What is the significance of the balance of trade for a country?
Answer:
It measures the difference between the value of a country’s exports and imports .

• A favorable balance of trade occurs when a country’s exports exceed its imports, indicating economic prosperity.
• An unfavorable balance trade occurs when a country’s imports exceed its exports, indicating potential economic challenges .
• The balance of trade affects a country’s overall economic growth and development.
• A positive balance of trade can lead to increased employment, higher GDP, and improved living standards.
• A negative balance of trade may-result in job losses, decreased GDP, and economic instability.

Question 18.
Explain the role of All India Radio in broadcasting programmes.
Answer:
All India Radio broadcasts a variety of programmes in national, regional, and local languages.

• It reaches various categories of people across different parts of the country.
• It provides entertainment and creates awareness about national programmes and policies.
• It covers a wide range of topics, including entertainment, education, sports, and more, catering to people of different age groups.
• It plays a significant role in disseminating information from grassroot levels to higher authorities, helping in the flow of information throughout the-country.
• All India Radio contributes to cultural integration and national development by promoting regional languages and providing a common platform for communication.

Question 19.
What is the difference between international and local trade?
Answer:

Aapect	International trade	local trade
Definition	Exchange of goods and services between different countries.	Exchange of goods and services within a single country.
Location	Occurs across national borders.	Takes place within the borders of a single country.
Regulation	Subjects to customs regulations, tariffs, and international agreements.	Often governed by domestic laws and regulations.

Question 20.
Read the paragraph carefully and answer the following questions.

India has a well-developed transportation system that plays a crucial role in the movement of goods and services and contributes to the country’s economic development. The transport system in India can be classified into land, water, and air transport. The roadways in India are extensive and form the second largest road network in the world, making them easily accessible and maintainable. The railway system is the largest public sector undertaking in India and has played a vital role in integrating the country’s economy for over 150 years. Additionally, pipeline transport7 is a growing industry in India, particularly for the transportation of crude oil petroleum products, and natural gas. Waterways are considered the cheapestm^s of transport, with India having a vast inland navigation network of 14,500 km. The majority of India’s foreign trade is conducted through its coastal ports; with 95% of the trade being handled by major sea ports. Overall, a strong and efficient network of transportation and communication is essential for local, national, and global trade.

Questions:
i) What are the three main modes of transportation in India?
Answer:
Land, water, and air transport.

ii) How does India’s road network compare globally?
Answer:
India has the second largest road network in the world.

iii) What is the significance of the railway system in India?
Answer:
The railway system is the largest public sector undertaking in India and has contributed to the integration of the country’s economy for over 150 years.

iv) What are the advantages of waterways as a mode of transport in India?
Answer:
Waterways are the cheapest means of transport, and India has an extensive inland navigation network of 14,500 km.

Question 21.
Read the Paragraph and answer the following questions.

Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India. Railways also make it possible for people to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, piligrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances. Apart from an important means of transport the Indian Railways have been a great integrating force for more than ISO years. Railways in India bind the economic life of the country as well as accelerate the development of the industry and agriculture. The Indian Railways is the largest Public Sector undertaking in the country. The first train steamed off from Mumbaito Thane in 1853, covering a distance of 34 km. The Indian Railway is now reorganised into 16 zones.

i) When was the first railway line opened in India ?
Answer:
Railways were first introduced to India in 1853, when a line was constructed from ‘ Mumbai to Thane covering a distance of 34 km.

ii) Why is the Indian Railways called the lifeline of the country ?
Answer:
Railways in India bind the economic life of the country. It is the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India. .

iii) Into how many zones the Indian Railway is now reorganised ?
Answer:
The Indian Railway is now reorganised into 16 zones.

Question 22.
Read the given Para and answer the following questions.

Ever since humans appeared on the earth, they have used different metnis of communication. But, the pace of change, has been rapid in modern times. Long distance communication is far easier without physical movement of the communicator or receiver. Personal communication and mass communication including television, radio, press, films, etc., are the major means of communication in the country. The Indian postal network is the largest in the world. It handles parcels as well as personal written communications Cards and envelopes are considered first-class mail and are airlifted between stations covering both land and air. The second class mailincludes bookpackets, registered newspapers and periodicals. They are carried by surface mail, covering land and water transport. To facilitate quick delivery of malls in large towns and cities, six mail channels have been introduced recently. They are called Rajdhani Channel, Metro Channel, Green Channel, Business Channel, Bulk Mail channel and Periodical Channel.

i) Examine the role of the Indian postal network.
Answer:
a) It has helped the country to engage in communication and socio-economic development.
b) It provides various facilities like speed post, business post, registered post, ordinary post.

ii) Differentiate between mass communication and personal communication.
Answer:
Mass communication is the medium which provides entertainment as well as creates awareness among the masses. It includes radio, television, newspapers, magazines, books, films, etc., Whereas personal communication is between people to people.

iii) Analyse the significance of communication for a nation.
Answer:

• This is the age of communication using the telephone, television, films and the internet.
• Even books, magazines and newspapers are important means of communication.
• Various means of communication have connected the world closer.
• It is the source of entertainment and knowledge.

Question 23.
Read the given Para and answer the following questions.

Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry. Tourism also promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. It also helps in the development of international under-standing about our culture and heritage. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourikm, eco tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism.

i) Write the name the different types of tourism for which foreign tourists visit India.
Answer:
Foreign tourists visit India for:

• Heritage tourism
• Eco tourism
• Adventure tourism
• Cultural tourism
• Medical tourism
• Business tourism

ii) Describe the significance of tourism as a trade in India.
Answer:

• There has been a significant growth over the last three decades in Indian tourism,
• More than 15 million people are directly employed in the tourism industry

iii) How does tourism promote national integration ?
Answer:
Tourism promotes national integration because through tourism, people from one part of the country visits another and helps in the development of culture and heritage.

Question 24.
Distinguish between Metalled and Non-metalled Roads.
Answer:
Metalled Roads:

• Made of bitumen of coal, cement or concrete.
• All weather or season roads.

Unmetalled Roads:

• Made in the absence of cement and concrete and sometimes made even of sand and laid as extended roads.
• Limits its usage in rainy season.

Question 25.
What are Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways ? Mention any two objectives of this project?
Answer:
The Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways is a major road development project linking Delhi – Koll0ta – Chennai – Mumbai and Delhi by Six lane Superways.
Objectives:

• To reduce the time and distance betwen the mega cities of India.
• To meet the requirement of the fast movement of traffic.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions: 2 Marks

Question 1.
What is known as lifelines of the national economy ?
Answer:
’Lifelines of the national economy’ refers to the modes of transportation and communication that are crucial for the growth and development of a country’s economy.

Question 2.
What is a new arrival on the transportation map of India ?
Answer:
Pipeline transport network is a new arrival on the transportation map of India to transport liquids as well as solids in slurry form.

Question 3.
What is the significance of border roads ?
Answer:
Border roads are of strategic importance and these roads in the bordering areas of the country have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain and have helped in the economic development of these areas.

Question 4.
What are the different types of roads in India ?
Answer:
There are six types of roads :

• Golden Quadrilateral super highways.
• National Highways.
• State Highways.
• District Roads.
• Other Roads or Rural or Village-Roads.
• Border Roads.

Question 5.
What is the meaning of Pradhan Mantri Grameeu Sadak Yojana ?
Answer:
Under this scheme, special provisions are made so that every village in the country is linked to a major town in the country by an all season motorable road.

Question 6.
Which is the last station of corridor of north to south and east to west ?
Answer:
Srinagar to Kanyakumari – North to South.
Porbandar to Silchar – East to West.

Question 7.
Name the stations of north, east, west and south of Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways.
Answer:
North-Delhi. East – Kolkata.
South – Chennai West-Mumbai

Question 8.
Name four important international airports in India.
Answer:
a) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Kolkata.
b) Chhatrapati Shivaji, Mumbai.
c) Indira Gandhi, Delhi.
d) Minambakkam, Chennai.

Question 9.
When was the border roads of India established and for which purpose ?
Answer:
Border Road’s or ganisation was established in 1960 for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north – eastern border areas.

Question 10.
Write the 3 names of National waterways of India ?
Answer:

• The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia – National Waterways No.1
• The Brahmaputra river between Sadiya and Dhubri – National Waterways No.2
• The West Coast Canal in Kerala r-National Waterways No.3

Question 11.
What is the benefit of tourism ? Write any two.
Answer:

• Promotes national integration.
• Provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits.

Question 12.
What is considered as the economic barometer of a country ?
Answer:
Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. So, it is considered the economic barometer of a country.

Question 13.
Why is the railway network Well established In the northern plains ?
Answer:

• Vast level lands.
• High population density.
• Rich agricultural resources.
• High amount of resources.

Question 14.
Write the names of one natural port and one artificial port.
Answer:
Natural port – Mumbai.
Artificial port – Chennai.

Question 15.
Write the significance of radio as the form of mass comunication in India.
Answer:

• Radio is the cheapest and most effective means of communication.
• It also provides information and promotes social education.

Question 16.
Write the significance of television.
Answer:

• Television is one of the largest and essential network in India.
• It provides entertainment and keeps the viewers well informed about the world.

Question 17.
Read the following table and answer the following questions:
The Indian Railway network

Gauge in Metres	Route (km)	Running Track (km)	Total Track (km)
Broad Gauge (1.676)	63,491	89,521	1.17. 560
Metre Gauge (1.000)	3,200	3,462	3,775
Narrow Gauge (0.762 and 0.610)	1,751	1, 752	1,901
Total	68,442	94,735	1,23,236

i) Which guage covers maximum of track length in hilly areas in India
Answer:
Since hilly areas have dissecting and undulating terrain, narrow gauge would be an appropriate option.

ii) Which gauge has the highest length in India ?
Answer:
To Broad guage has the highest length in India ie.., 1,17, 560 km.

Question 18.
Complete the following table with appropriate terms in places of A and B.

Answer:
A – pipeline, B – Overseas

Question 19.
Write a short note on pipeline transport.
Answer:
1) Pipeline transportation is a method of transportation which involves movement of solid, liquid or gaseous products-over long distances through pipelines.
2) This mode of transportation is mostly used for transport of crude and refined petroleum products such as oil and natural gas.

Question 20.
How is the market where exchanges of goods take place known as?
Answer:
The market where exchanges of goods take place is known as the market.

• Trade between two countries is called international trade.
• The exchange of goods among people, states, and countries is referred to as trade.
• The market is the place where such exchanges take place.

Question 21.
What are state highways ? Name the agency responsible for their construction and maintenance.
Answer:

• Roads linking a state capital with different district headqarters are known as state highways.
• These roads are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (S.P.W.D) in the State and Union territories.

Question 22.
What is Balance of Trade ? In which situations is it favourable and unfavourable ?
Answer:
The balance of. trade of a country is the difference between its export and import.
In following situations, it is favourable and unfavourable.

• When the Value of export exceeds the value of imports, it is called a favourable balance of trade.
• On the contrary, if the value of imports exceeds the value of exports it is termed as unfavourable balance of trade.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions: 1 Mark

Question 1.
Which mean of transport is a new arrival on the map of India ?
Answer:
Pipeline.

Question 2.
Which is the longest National Highway of India ?
Answer:
National Highway-1.

Question 3.
Name the extreme cities which are connected by East – West Corridors ?
Answer:
Silcher (Assam) and Porbandar (Gujarat).

Question 4.
Which department is responsible for the construction and maintenance of the District Roads ?
Answer:
Zilla Parishad.

Question 5.
Which cities are connected by the National Highway No. 1 ?
Answer:
Delhi – Punjab.

Question 6.
Which port is the biggest with a spacious natural and well – sheltered harbour ?
Answer:
Mumbai.

Question 7.
Which is considered as the first class mail by the Indian postal network ?
Answer:
Cards and envelopes.

Question 8.
Which is the Southern most International airport in India ?
Answer:
Nedimbacherry.

Question 9.
Which is the oldest port of the eastern coast of India ?
Answer:
Chennai (Madras).

Question 10.
Which organisation constructs and maintains roads in the border areas ?
Answer:
BRO.

Question 11.
When and where the first train was travelled ?
Answer:
1853, Mumbai to Thane.

Question 12.
Which is the longest National Highway of India ?
Answer:
NH7, Varanasi to Kanniyakumari.

Question 13.
Name the ropds which help military.
Answer:
Boarder Roads.

Question 14.
Name the inland Riverine port of India ?
Answer:
Kolkata.

Question 15.
Which jmean of transportation carried 95 percent of India’s trade volume ?
Answer:
Waterways.

Question 16.
Name the oldest artificial port and second most important port of the country ?
Answer:
Chennai port.

Question 17.
Name any two airlines that provide domestic air serices.
Answer:
Indian Airlines and Alliance Air.

Question 18.
What is India’s position among the best tourist destinations of the world ?
Answer:
Forth.

Question 19.
Which is first port to be developed just after independence ?
Answer:
Kandla port.

Question 20.
Name the language in which the largest numbers of newspapers are published in India ?
Answer:
Hindi.

Question 21.
How much is the length of coastline of India ?
Answer:
7516.6 km.

Question 22.
Where is the headquarter of the Southern Railway Zone ?
Answer:
Chennai.

Question 23.
In which states special provision have been made to extend air serives to common people ?
Answer:
North-Eastern States.

Question 24.
Which port caters to the need for export of Iron ore from Kudermukh mines ?
Answer:
New Mangalore.

Question 25.
What is the density of roads in Jammu and Kashmir ?
Answer:
10 km.

Question 26.
Name the deepest and land locked port of India.
Answer:
Visa khapatnam.

Question 27.
Name the Inland Riverine port of India.
Answer:
Kolkata.

Question 28.
Name the roads which help military.
Answer:
Boarder Roads.

Question 29.
Which mode of transportation reduces trans – shipment losses and delays ?
Answer:
Pipeline.

Question 30.
What is the fullform of STD ?
Answer:
Subscriber Trunk Dialling.

Question 31.
Which state has the highest road density in India ?
Answer:
Kerala.

Question 32.
Name the World’s longest highway tunnel ?
Answer:
Atal Tunnel.

Question 33.
What is NH-1 called ?
Answer:
Sher-Shah-Suri Marg.

Question 34.
What is electrification plan of Indian Railways ?
Answer:
Indian Railway aims to electrify all of its broadguage network by December 2023.

Question 35.
Which important port is located near Tropic of Cancer ?
Answer:
Kandla in Gujarat’s Kutch district.

Question 36.
Why was the Haldia seaport set up ?
Answer:
Haldia seaport was set up as a subsidiary port to relieve growing pressure on Kolkata port.

Question 37.
When was air transportation nationalised in India ?
Answer:
Air transportation was nationalised in 1953. ,

Question 38.
When was the Border Road Organization established ?
Answer:
1960.

Question 39.
Which is the principle mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India ?
Answer:
Railway.

Question 40.
When was the first train steamed off from Mumbai to Thane ?
Answer:
1853.

Question 41.
Which railway has facilitated the movement of goods and passengers along the west coast ?
Answer:
Konkan Railway.

Question 42.
Match the Column – i with Column – II and choose the correct option : [a]
Table
Column – I (Port)
(i) Kandla
(ii) Mumbai
(iii) Visakhapatnam
(iv) Kolkata

Column – II (Type)
1. Riverine port
2. Deepest landlocked port
3. Biggest port
4. Port developed after independence
Options :
(a) i-4, ii – 3, iii-2, iv – 1
(b) i-2, ii – 1, iii -3 , iv -4
(c) i-2, ii -4 , iii -1 , iv -3
(d) i-1, ii -2, iii -4 , iv -3

Question 43.
National Waterway No. 1 is navigable between which of the following places ? [b]
(a) Sadiya and Dhubri
(b) Allahabad and Haldia
(c) Udyogamandal and Champakkara
(d) Kottapuram and Komman

Question 44.
Arrange the following in the correct sequence of transport modes in terms of their historical development?
Air transport, road transport, water transport
Answer:
Water transport, road transport, air transport.

Question 45.
Arrange the following in the correct sequence of India’s major road networks?
Golden Quadrilateral, North-South corridor, East-West corridor
Answer: East-West corridor, North-South corridor, Golden Quadrilateral.

Question 46.
Arrange the following in the correct sequence of major sea ports in India from north to south?
Tuticorin, Chennai, Paradip, Visakhapatnam
Answer:
Paradip, Visakhapatnam, Chennai, Tuticorin.

Question 47.
Which of the following in the correct sequence of communication channels used in India’s postal system?
Green Channel, Metro Channel, Rajdhani Channel, Business Channel
Answer:
Rajdhani Channel, Business Channel, Metro Channel, Green Channel.

Question 48.
Match the following means of transportation with their characteristics:
(a) Roadways
(b) Railways
(c) Waterways
(d) Airways
Answer:
a – iii,
b – i,
c – ii,
d – iv

Question 49.
Match the following ports with their characteristics:
(a) Chennai (i) The deepest land-locked and well protected port along the east coast
(b) Tuticorin (ii) Handles 95% of India’s foreign trade
(c) Paradip (iii) Located on the South – Eastern coast of India
(d) Visakhapatnam (iv) Known as the gateway of southern India

Question 50.
Match the following transportation modes with their characteristics:
(a) Roadways (i) Largest public sector undertaking in India
(b) .Railways (ii) New arrival in India for transporting crude oil and natural gas
(c) Pipelines (iii) Cheapest means of transport
(d) Waterways (iv) Second largest road network in the world
Answer:
a-iv, b-i, c -ii, d-iii

51. Assertion : COVID-19 has led to a sharp decline in tourist arrivals and revenue in India.
Reason : Travel restrictions and lockdowns have significantly reduced tourism activity in the country.
A) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation f the assertion.
B) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
C) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
D) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Question 52.
Assertion : India’s rich cultural and natural heritage makes it an attractive destination for tourists.
Reason : Heritage tourism has no economic benefits for the country.
A) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of a the assertion.
C) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
D) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Question 53.
Assertion : Sustainable tourism practices have no economic benefits for India. Reason Sustainable tourism practices promote responsible tourism practices that benefit the environment and local communities.
A) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
C) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
D) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
The assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Question 54.
Why was the Haldia Seaport set up ?
Answer:
Haldia seaport was set – up as a subsidiary port to relieve growing pressure on Kolkata port.

Question 55.
Define the term tourism.
Answer:
The cultural recreational and commercial visits to places of interest in a country is known as tourism.

Question 56.
What is pipeline transportation ?
Answer:
A new arrival on the transportation map of India to transport liquids as well as solids in slurry form.

Question 57.
What was the major objective to develop the super highways ?
Answer:
The major objective to develop Super Highways is to reduce the time and distance between mega cities of India.

Question 58.
What is meant by trade ?
Answer:
The exchange of goods among people, states and countries referred to as a trade.

Question 59.
What is meant by International trade ?
Answer:
Trade between countries is called International trade.

Question 60.
What is local trade ?
Answer:
Local trade is carried out within cities, towns and villages of a country.

Question 61.
Who implements the highway projects in India ?
Answer:
National Highway Authority of India.

Question 62.
Which is NH-I ? Which cities does it connect ?
Answer:
The Sher-Shah Suri Marg is the National High – 1. It connects Delhi with Amritsar.

Question 63.
How are roads classified based on the material of construction used ?
Answer:
Based on the material construction used, the roads are classified as metalled and non- metalled roads.

Question 64.
Which six mail channels have been introduced in India ?
Answer:
The six mail channels introduced in India are Rajadhani channel, Metro channel, Green channel, Business channel, Bulk mail channel and Periodical channel.

Question 65.
Why was Jawahar Lai Nehru port developed ?
Answer:
Jawahar Lai Nehru port is a subsidiary port mainly developed to decongest the port of Mumbai and serve as a hub port for this region.

Question 66.
Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means transportation ?
Answer:
Rail transport is the most convenient means of transporation in the northern plains as there is level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources.

Question 67.
How we can help our railway in running as per the scheduled time ?
Answer:
We can help our railway by not pulling the chain unnecessary, by being punctual, by not damaging the railway properties.

Question 68.
Find out the names of the countries connected by Indian Airlines.
Answer:
The countries connected by Indian Airlines are – Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Srilanka, Kuwait, Qatar and UAE.

Question 69.
Classify Landways.
Answer:
Roadways, Railways and Pipelines.

Question 70.
To which places the Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways connects ?
Answer:
It connects in Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and Delhi.

Question 71.
Which is the highest road in India ?
Answer:
The road connecting Manali and Leh.

Question 72.
After Independence, which seaport was made to cover the loss of Karachi port ?
Answer:
Kandla Sea port.

Question 73.
Who are traders ?
Answer:
They are known traders who provide the products to the consumers by transportation.

Question 74.
What is transport ?
Answer:
Transport is an act of carrying goods and passengers from one place to another.

Question 75.
Which gas pipeline is the longest gas pipeline in India ?
Answer:
Hazira – Vijaipur – Jagdishpur.

Question 76.
What is the main aim of trade ?
Answer:
The main aim of trade is the exchange of goods and services among people, states and countries.

Question 77.
Write the important means of mass communication.
Answer:
Television, radio, press, films are the major means of mass communication.

Question 78.
What is the meaning of favourable balance of trade ?
Answer:
It is a situation in which the value of exports is more than import.

Question 79.
Which are the viable Indian waterways where navigation is possible ?
Answer:
Ganga, Brahmaputra, Godavari, Krishna, Mahanadi, Narmada, Tapi.