Access to the AP 10th Class Social Study Material Geography 3rd Lesson Water Resources Questions and Answers are aligned with the curriculum standards.
Water Resources Questions and Answers AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson
Question 1.
Multiple choice questions.
i) Based on the information given below classify each of the situations as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’.
a) Region with high annual rainfall.
b) Region having high annual rainfall and large population.
c) Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
d) Region having low rainfall and low population.
Answer:
a) Not suffering from water scarcity
b) Suffering from water scarcity
c) Suffering from water scarcity
d) Not suffering from water scarcity
ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multi purpose river projects ?
a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity
b) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow helps to control floods.
c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
d) Multi-puipose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.
Answer:
c)Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
iii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite them correctly.
a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in proper utilisation of water resources.
b) Regulating and damming of rivers does not affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow.
c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were not agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater water harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Indira Gandhi Canal.
Answer:
a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations with urban lifestyles have added to the water and energy requirements and thus, caused the over exploitation of water resources.
b) Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow and causes the sediment to settle at the bottom early.
c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers agitated over the higher priority given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the decline as plenty of water is availability due to Rajasthan Canal.
Question 2.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
i) Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
Answer:
Water becomes a renewable resource through the hydrological cycle. Fresh water is mainly obtained from the surface run off and ground water is continually being renewed and recharged through the hydrological cycle.
ii) What is water scarcity and what are its main causes ?
Answer:
Scarcity of water is defined as an outcome of large and growing population and consequent greater demands for water and unequal access to it.
Causes of Scarcity of Water:
a) Growing Population : A large population requires more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food.
b) Industrialisation : The increasing number of industries put pressure on the existing fresh water resources.
c) Commercialization of Agriculture : Commercialization crops need more water and bther inputs. This results in excessive water usuage causing depletion of ground water supply.
iii) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-puipose river projects.
Answer:
The following are the advantages and disadvantages of Multipurpose River Projects:
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
| 1. Development of Industry and employment generation. | 1. Makes it difficult for acquatic fauna to migrate. |
| 2. Helps in generating electricity. | 2. Causes disputes in between different states and the displacement of local communities. |
| 3. Helps in flood control. | 3. Adverse effects on the soil quality and the changes in cropping pattern. |
| 4. Provides irrigation facilities. | 4. Higher cost of Hydropower. |
| 5. Develop recreation facilities. | 5. Adverse environment impact. |
| 6. Inland Navigation. | 6. Due to the low level, most of the time, navigation is not possible. |
Question 3.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
i) Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.
Answer:
Rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out in the following ways:
a) In the semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, almost all the houses traditionally constructed had underground tanks or tankas for storing drinking water.
b) The tanks were large and a part of the well-developed rooftop rainwater harvesting system.
c) They were built inside the main house of the courtyard and were connected to the sloping roofs of the house’s through a pipe.
d) Rain falling on the rooftop would travel down the pipe and was stored in these underground ‘tankas’.
e) The first spell of rain was usually not collected as this would clean the roofs and pipes.
f) The rainwater from the subsequent showers was then collected.
g) The rain water can be stored in the tankas is considered as the most reliable source of drinking water when all other sources are dried up particularly in the summers.
h) Many Rouses constructed adjoining the ‘tanka’ to beat the summer heat as it would keep the room cool.
ii) Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.
Answer:
Traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being used in modern era for various reasons
a) The rooftop rainwater harvesting is practical in many areas of Rajasthan to store drinking water.
b) In Gendathur Village, Mysore, about 200 households have adopted rooftop
rainwater harvesting method, thereby making the village rich in rainwater.
c) In Tamilnadu, it has been made compulsory for all the houses to have rooftop rainwater harvesting structures. There are legal provisions to punish the defaulters.
d) Rooftop rainwater harvesting is the most common practice in Shillong, Meghalaya.
e) In many parts of rural and urban India, rooftop rainwater harvesting is being successfully adapted to store and conserve water.
AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson InText Questions and Answers Water Resources
ACTIVITY : PAGE NO : 42
Question 1.
From your everyday experiences, write a short proposal on how you can conserve water.
Answer:
We can conserve water at home and in the school with the help of following points :
a) Do not leave the tap running while brushing your teeth or washing your face.
b) Take shorter showers.
c) Do not flush the toilet unnecessarily.
d) Ensure all the taps are without any leakage.
e) Water which has been used for washing vegetables, dal, rice etc., should not be thrown away. It can be used for watering potted plants or garden plants.
f) Promote water conservation by forming a group of water conscious persons with friends and neighbours.
ACTIVITY : PAGE NO : 44
Question 2.
Find out more about any one traditional method of building dams and irrigation works.
Answer:
a) In Meghalaya, an ingenious system of tapping stream and spring water by using bamboo pipes is used to irrigate plantations of betel leaf or black pepper crops.
b) The tribes of the Khasi and Jaintia hills have been using this from the last 200 years.
c) About 20 litres of water enter the bamboo pipe system per minute and may travel almost a kilometre to finally reach the plants near its roots.
d) Bamboo pipes are used to take water from perennial springs on the tops of the hills to the plantations by using gravity. Reduced channel sections and diversions units are used at the last stage of water application.
ACTIVITY: PAGE NO : 46
Question 3.
Make a list of inter-state water disputes.
Answer:
The major inter state river water dispute are as follows :
a) Ravi Bear river water dispute between Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.
b) Kaveri river water dispute between Tamilnadu and Karnataka.
c) The Krishna river water dispute between Maharasthra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
d) The Godavari river dispute between Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha.
e) Periyar river dispute between Tamilnadu and Kerala.
INTEXT : PAGE NO : 50
Question 4.
Collect information about flood.prone areas of the country
Answer:
a) India being a Peninsular country and surrounded by the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal is quite prone to flood. As per the Geological Survey of India (GSI), the major flood prone areas of India cover almost 12.5% area of the country.
b) The states falling within the periphery of “India Flood Prone Areas” are West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab.
c) The intense monsoon rains from Southwest causes rivers like Brahmaputra, Ganga, Yamuna, etc., to swell their banks, which in turn floods the adjacent areas.
d) The major flood prone areas in India are the river banks and deltas of Ravi, Yamuna- Sahibi, Gandak, Sutlej, Ganga, Ghaggar, Kosi, Teesta, Brahmaputra, Mahanandi, Mahananda, Damodar, Godavari, Mayurakshi, Sabarmati and their Tributaries.
ACTVITY PAGE NO : 54
Question 5.
Find out other rainwater harvesting systems existing in and around your locality.
Answer:
The other rainwater harvesting systems are :
a) Water Butt; One of the most basic types of rainwater harvesting systems. It collects rainwater/in a container from natural rainfall and / or drain pipes. The collected water is used mainly for watering the garden.
b) Retention Ponds : Retention ponds are used to collect surface runoff water and improve the quality of water by natural processes like sedimentation decomposition, solar disinfection, and soil filtration. The most common use of water collected and harvested by pond harvesting is watering livestock, however, it can also be used for ground water recharge, irrigation or any other purpose other than potable uses.
c) In-Ground Storage : Underground storage tanks are very popular in areas where the majority of rainfall occurs in one single season. These underground tanks are insulated and have a very low rate of evaporation.
ACTIVITY : PAGE NO : 56
Question 6.
Collect information on how industries are polluting mr water resources.
Answer:
Industries pollute water resources:
- Chemical wastes from industry are dumped in rivers, lakes, streams, etc., as effluents.
- By discharging oil, hazardous substances, and other harmful liquids known as effluents into streams, factories turn them into open sewers.
- The normal purifying cycle of .water, which is carried out by microbes is hampered by these pollutants, which also damage water reservoirs.
- Heavy elements like chromium, lead, mercury and other ones provide serious dangers to acquatic life in waste from tanneries and other large industrial facilities.
- Additionally, the phosphate and nitrogenous waste produced by the fertilizer industry is dumped into lakes, rivers and other bodies of water, which eutrophicates them.
Question 7.
Enact with your classmates a scene of water dispute in your locality.
Answer:
Here is an enactment of a scene involving a water dispute among my classmates.
Characters:
a) Bindu
b) Harshita
c) Nikhita
d) Amrutha
e) Kavya
Bindu : Friends everyone, thank you for joining this meeting regarding the on going water dispute in our locality. As the class leader, I want to ensure that we address this issue collectively and find a fair solution.
Harshita : Absolutely, Bindu. The water scarcity is becoming more critical each day.
Nikhita : Yes Harshita, this water problem leading to increasing tensions among residents.
Amrutha : We can’t ignore the environmental impact either. OK Bindu, let us know what happened in your locality regarding water dispute.
Bindu : Yes. Amrutha, the reason for water dispute in our locality is rapid population growth can strain existing water infrastructre and resources, leading to increased competition for water among residents in our locality.
Kavya : need a sustainable solution for this water scarcity.
Harshita : I think, we should talk with the local government on this water problem. They are concerned too and are considering implementing water rationing measures.
Bindu : Yes. Harshita, that’s good point. The local government may upgrade and maintain water supply system, including pipes, treatment plants and distribution networks to minimise water losses and also promote the water management.
Nikitha : It sounds like we are making progress.