AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources

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These AP 10th Class Social Important Questions Geography 3rd Lesson Water Resources will help students prepare well for the exams.

Water Resources AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions: 8 Marks

Question 1.
Write the features of the ‘tankas’ built in the houses of Bikaner, Phalodi and Banner.
Answer:
‘Rooftop rainwater harvesting’ was commonly practiced to store drinking water, especially in semi-arid and arid regions like Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer in Rajasthan.
a) In the semi-arid and arid regions all the houses had undergone tanks or ‘tankas’ for storing drijiking water built inside the house. They were the part of the well- developed rooftop rainwater harvesting system.

b) The tankas could be as large as a big room. One household in Phalodi had a tank that was 6.1 metres deep, 4.27 metres long and 2.44 metres wide.

c) The tankas were built inside the main house or the courtyard.

d) The tankas were connected to the sloping roofs of the houses through a pipe. The falling rain would travel down the pipes and get stored in the underground ‘tankas’. The first spell of rain would not be collected as it cleaned the roof and pipes. The rainwater from subsequent showers was collected.

e) Many houses constructed underground rooms adjoining the tanka to beat the summer heat as it would keep the room cool.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources

Question 2.
Explain any four reasons responsible for water scarcity in India.
Answer:
The following are the reasons for water scarcity in India:
a) Increased demand for water : The growing population needs more water for domestic purposes and to produce more food.

b) Agricultural purposes : For agricultural purposes, water resources are being over exploited. More food needs to be grown for the increasing population.

c) Intensive industrialisation and urbanisation: The increasing number of industries need more water and power to run the machinery. Hydroelectric power contributes twenty-two percent of the electricity produced. The urban centres with large population and modern lifestyles have added to the problem of water scarcity.

d) Over-exploitation of water resources: In some cities, housing societies have their own groundwater pumping devices to meet their needs. This has caused the depletion of water resources in several areas.

e) Bad quality of water : The water is getting polluted by domestic and industrial wastes, chemical pesticides and fertilizers.

Question 3.
Why is it essential to conserve and manage our water resources. Explain any three reasons.
Answer:
It is essential to conserve and mainage our water resources. The reasons are as follows:
a) Precondition for life : Water is necessary for life on earth. It is believed that life originated in water before it invaded land. Water is infact a precondition of life.

b) Water essential for crops: Cultivation of crops depends on the availability of water. Water dissolves minerals and other nutrients in the ground. The roots of the plants draw this nutritious water for the soil. India is an agricultural country. So availability of water is a must.

c) Water and Industries: Industries need water as coolant, solvent, raw material, etc.

d) Water for daily life : Water is also used for drinking and domestic consumption. The grooving urbanisation with its modern lifestyle has been demanding greater share off water day by day.

e) Water an important component of ecosystem : Conservation of water is also important to prevent degradation of our natural ecosystems.

f) Water scarcity : It is essential to conserve and manage water because its overuse and misuse has lead to water scarcity.

Question 4.
How have intensive industrialization and urbanization posed a great pressure on existing fresh water resources in India. Explain.
Answer:
Large scale industrialisation and urbanisation have posed a great pressure on existing fresh water resources in India as shown below :
a) Many multinational companies are being set up in India who are the heavy consumers of water for processing, discharge of effluents and as an energy resource.

b) Hydroelpctricity contributes 22% of total electricity produced in India. These industrial units have not only posed a great threat to the availabity of fresh water resources but also contributed to bad quality of water with large growing number of urban centres and population.

c) Modern lifestyle of the urban people has created more demand for water both for domestic purposes and increased consumption of energy.

d) In housing colonies to meet the needs of population, water resources are over-exploited resulting in depletion of ground water resources.

e) Freshwater needs to be protected.from industrial pollution and wastage of water in cities.

Question 5.
Why are different water harvesting systems considered a viable alternative in a country like India.
Answer:
Different water harvesting systems are considered a viable alternative in a country like India because of the following reasons.
a) In ancient India, along with sophisticated hydraulic structures, there existed an extraordinary tradition of rainwater harvesting system.

b) People had in-depth knowledge of rainfall regimes and soil types and developed a wide range of rainwater harvesting techniques to harvest groundwater, rain water, river water and flood water in keeping with the ecological conditions and their water needs.

c) For example, in the hilly and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels, like guls or kuls of western Himalayas for agriculture.

d) Rooftop harvesting is practised in Rajasthan to store drinking water. In West Bengal, people developed inundation channels to divert flood waters in irrigate their fields. In semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, agricultural lands were converted into rain-fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil like the Khadins, in Jaisalmer, Johads and in other parts of Rajasthan.

Question 6.
“Water scarcity may be an outcome of large and growing population in India.” Analyse the statement.
Answer:
1) A large population requires more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food.

2) Hence, to facilitate higher food grain production, water resources are being over exploited to expand irrigated areas for dry season agriculture.

3) Irrigated agriculture is the largest consumer of water.

4) Post independent India witnessed intensive industrialization and urbanization, creating vast opportunities for us.

5) Today, l&rge industrial houses are as common place as the industrial units of many MNCs.

6) The ever-increasing number of industries have made matters worse by exerting pressure on existing freshwater resources.

7) Industries, apart from being heavy users of water, also require power to run them.

8) Much of this energy comes from hydroelectric power.

9) Most of these have their own ground water pumping devices to meet their water needs, which results in fragile water resources being over exploited.

10) This has caused falling groundwater levels in several of these cities.

Question 7.
What is the need for conservation of water resources ? Suggest three measure to conserve water resources.
Answer:
Water is the basic need of the people. 0.5 % of earth’s water is available fresh water. It is a natural resource needed by every living being on the globe.
Reasons to conserve water:

  • The pollution in water resources are increasing polluted day by day, especially in the urban areas and are not suitable for drinking purpose.
  • The availability of water is uneven, so it is necessary to make it available to all.
  • Water resources are limited and our population is increasing day by day so the water requirement is also increasing day by day.
  • It is necessary to conserve water to make it available to all for the continuation of our livelihood and to save our ecosystem as well as human beings.

Measure to Conserve Water Resources:

  • Use drip irrigation and sprinklers methods to irrigate the fields.
  • Avoid water wastage in domestic as well as at all other levels.
  • Recharge ground water by using rain water harvesting etc.

Question 8.
What are the main objectives and features of the National Water Policy, 2002?
Answer:
Main objectives and features of the National Water Policy, 2002:

  1. Conservation of water and optimal use by increasing water use efficiency.
  2. Equitable distribution of water with priority for drinking water.
  3. Planned (development and management of water resources.
  4. Community participation in water management.
  5. Fixing water allocation priorities – drinking water, irrigation, hydropower, ecology.
  6. Polluter pays principle adopted for water pollution abatement.
  7. Flood control and management for Ganga and Brahmaputra.
  8. Promoting hydrological data collection for informed decisions.
  9. Conservation of rivers, river corridors, water bodies and infrastructure.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources

Question 9.
Discuss the importance of traditional water harvesting systems in India.
Answer:
The importance of traditional water harvesting systems in India:

  1. Depended on strong community participation for construction and maintenance.
  2. Reflected indigenous knowledge well-adapted to local geo-climatic conditions.
  3. Used simple, low-cost techniques tailored to people’s needs and environment.
  4. Collected and stored rainwater for future use through diverse structures.
  5. Ensured equitable distribution of water for domestic and irrigation purposes.
  6. Techniques like khadins, johads, tankas sustained settlements even in arid regions.
  7. Minimized evaporation losses through local water storage.
  8. Promoted sustainable and optimal use of seasonal rainfall.

Question 10.
What are the objectives and strategies of watershed development programs in India?
Answer:Objectives:

  1. Soil and water conservation through measures like afforestation.
  2. Rainwater harvesting and enhanced recharge of groundwater.
  3. Improving access to water for agriculture, livestock and domestic use.
  4. Promoting sustainable agricultural practices and norms.
  5. Treating degraded lands and improving land productivity.

Strategies:

  1. Construction of water harvesting structures like check dams.
  2. Recharging dug wells, bore wells and improving access to water.
  3. Soil conservation through plantations, embankments, terracing.
  4. Pasture development and livelihood generation activities.
  5. Production system improvements and alternate farming systems.

Question 11.
Analyse the objectives and salient features of the National Water Policy, 2002.
Answer:
Objectives:

  1. Integrated water resources development and management.
  2. Equitable and sustainable distribution of water.
  3. Community participation and decentralised governance.
  4. Meeting water requirements of various sectors.

Salient Features:

  1. Water allocation priorities – drinking water, ecology, irrigation, industries.
  2. Watershed and aquifer management for sustainability.
  3. Water quality monitoring and pollution control.
  4. Conservation of rivers, water bodies and infrastructure.
  5. Flood control for Ganga and Brahmaputra.
  6. Promoting hydropower and irrigation efficiency.

Question 12.
What are the causes, impacts and mitigation strategies for groundwater depletion in India?
Answer:
Causes:

  1. Excessive extraction for irrigation due to free power and water subsidies.
  2. Overexploitation by industries, especially in coastal areas.
  3. Reduced recharge due to declining rainfall infiltration.
  4. Poor management and lack of community participation.

Impacts:

  1. Falling water tables, drying up of wells and higher pumping costs.
  2. Land subsidence, increased flooding and saltwater intrusion.
  3. Deterioration of water quality and pollution of aquifers.
  4. Depletion of surface waters, wetlands and dependent ecosystems.

Mitigation Strategies:

  1. Water conservation, artificial recharge and rainwater harvesting.
  2. Banning new borewells in critical zones and regulating groundwater extraction.
  3. Community participation for equitable use of groundwater.
  4. Shift to less water intensive crops and precision Irrigation methods.
  5. Public awareness on optimal use of groundwater resources.

Question 13.
Explain the importance, methods and benefits of participatory irrigation management.
Answer:
Importance:

  1. Higher irrigation efficiency, agricultural productivity and system sustainability.
  2. Lower costs and better maintenance through community responsibility.
  3. More equitable access to water for small and marginal farmers.
  4. Empowers water users associations in decision making and self-governance.

Methods:

  1. Transferring management to water users associations.
  2. Involving farmers in water fee collection and system upkeep.
  3. Technology support from government agencies when needed.
  4. Training farmers in leadership, financial management and farming techniques.

Benefits:

  1. Optimal and judicious use of water resources.
  2. Inculcates sense of ownership among beneficiaries.
  3. Cost recovery enabling system maintenance and upgrades.
  4. Resolution of local conflicts through collective action.
  5. Improved agricultural incomes due to higher yields.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions: 4 Marks

Question 1.
Why is rooftop rainwater harvesting important in Rajasthan ? Explain.
Answer:
Rooftop rainwater harvesting is important in Rajasthan because of the following reasons:

  • The rainwater stored in tankas is an extremely reliable source of drinking water when all Other sources are dried up.
  • Rainwater is considered the purest form of natural water.
  • Many houses constructed underground rooms adjoining the tanka to beat the summer heat as it would keep the room cool.
  • There is lack of perennial rivers in Rajasthan.
  • The rainfall Is not reliable In this region.

Question 2.
Name any two movements that have been started to oppose multipurpose projects. Who are benefited from such projects.
Answer:
Two movements that have been started to oppose multipurpose projects are :
a) Narmada Bachao Andolan.
b) Tehri Dam Andolan.
a) Narmada Bachao Andolan : Narmada Bachao Andolan was started against the Sardar Sarovar Dam being built across the Narmada river in Gujarat.
b) Tehri Dam Andolan : Resistance to these projects has primarily been due to the large-scale displacement of local communities.
c) The landowners, industrialists, large farmers and a few urban centers are benefited from such projects.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources

Question 3.
Explain various problems associated with poor people due to construction of large dams.
Answer:
Construction of large dams leads to the various problems associated with poor people.
They are as follows:

  • Local people have to give up their land and livelihood.
  • Poor people lose meagre access and control over resources for the greater good of the nation.
  • The displaced people do not get full rehabilitation facilities from the government.
  • The landless people have to work as labourers in factories or construction sites. Their lives become miserable.

Question 4.
“Water is a very important and critical resource in India”. Support the statement by explaining any three points.
Answer:

  • Water resources are a significant part of the ecological cycle, which enable the existence of all living beings on the earth.
  • Water resources help to carry out several agricultural and agriculture related activities, thus playing a major role in the development of agricultural production.
  • Water also contributes significantly to the development of industry as a supplies water to various water-based and power based industries.

Question 5.
‘Large multipurpose projects also lead to land degradation’. Explain.
Answer:
Multipurpose projects lead to land degradation because:

  • Irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of many regions with farmers shifting to water intensive crops. This has led to the salinisation of the soil.
  • Regulating and damming of rivers affect the natural flow of rivers causing poor – sediment flow.
  • The flood plains are deprived of silt.
  • Multipurpose projects induce pollution which leads to land degradation.

Question 6.
What role do ‘Guls’ or ‘Kuls’ of the Western Himalayas and “Khadins” and “Johads” in parts of Rajasthan play describe.
Answer:

  • in Western Himalayas people build diversion channels like ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’.
  • In arid and semi-arid regions, agriculture fields were converted into rain-fed storage structures.
  • These allbwed the water to stand and moisten their soil like the ‘Khadins’ in Jaisalmer and ‘Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan.

Question 7.
What is bamboo drip irrigation ? Mention any two features of it.
Answer:
1) Bamboo drip irrigation: Bamboo drip irrigation system is a 200 year old system of tapping stream and spring water by using bamboo pipes.

2) About 18 – 20 liters of water enters the bamboo pipe system, get transported over hundreds of meters and finally reduces to 20 – 80 drops per minute at the site of the plant. It is practiced in Meghalaya.

Features:

  • Bamboo pipes are used to divert perennial springs on the hilltops to the lower reaches by gravity.
  • The channel sections, made of bamboo, divert water to the plant site where it is distributed into branches.

Question 8.
“The dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods.’’
Analyse the statement.
Answer:
Dams have been constructed to support the economic development of the country by they can be destructive at times due to the following reasons:

  • Sometimes, they are constructed without proper planning and sometimes low standard construction material is used which cause floods.
  • Inferior quality of construction material increases the chances of floods.
  • Construction of these dams can make the area, in which they are constructed, ‘earthquake prone’, which may lead to landslides and the water to flow out of dams.

Question 9.
What are the causes of water scarcity?
Answer:
The causes of water scarcity:

  • Overexploitation of surface and groundwater.
  • Increasing use for irrigation, industry/and urbanization.
  • Large and growing populations with higher demands.
  • Unequal/access to water resources.
  • Pollution of water making it unusable.
  • Seasonal and annual variations in rainfall.
  • Lack of conservation methods and wastage of water.

Question 10.
What are the advantages of multi-purpose river valley projects?
Answer:
The advantages of multi-purpose river valley projects:

  1. Provide water for irrigation to increase agriculture.
  2. Generate electricity for industrial and domestic use.
  3. Help control floods by regulating water flow.
  4. Provide water for domestic and industrial uses.
  5. Facilitate navigation and inland fish breeding.
  6. Provide recreational facilities like boating.

Question 11.
What are the disadvantages of multipurpose river valley projects?
Answer:
The disadvantages of multipurpose river valley projects:

  1. Displace communities living in the area flooded by dams.
  2. Alter river ecology and impact aquatic life cycles.
  3. Reservoir sedimentation reduces storage capacity over time.
  4. Aggravate floods by sudden or excessive release of water.
  5. Increase salinity and water logging leading to soil degradation.
  6. Social impacts like inequitable distribution of benefits.
  7. Inter-state disputes over water sharing of costs and benefits.

Question 12.
How did traditional water harvesting systems help tackle water scarcity?
Answer:

  1. They helped capture and store rainwater, which replenished groundwater resources and provided a reliable source of water during dry periods.
  2. They were designed to fit the local terrain and climate, using natural materials and traditional building techniques that were affordable and easy to maintain.
  3. They were often community-based systems, with everyone working together to build and maintain the water harvesting structures.
  4. They were sustainable, as they did not require any external energy or resources to operate.
  5. They helped preserve local ecosystems, by reducing the need for expensive and environmentally damaging water supply projects.

Question 13.
What are the main objectives of watershed development programs in India?
Answer:
Main objectives of watershed development programs in India :

  1. Soil and water conservation through afforestation.
  2. Rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge.
  3. Improving access to water for agriculture and domestic use.
  4. Promoting sustainable farming practices and cropping patterns.
  5. Treating degraded lands and enhancing productivity.
  6. Reducing/£oil erosion and flood damage through embankments.

Question 14.
What is the importance of traditional knowledge in water management?
Answer:
The importance of traditional knowledge in water management:

  1. Community-managed systems use water sustainably.
  2. Indigenous designs suit local ecology and needs.
  3. Adaptive methods like bamboo drip irrigation minimize water wastage.
  4. Equitable principles of water distribution followed.
  5. Repository of time-tested techniques for current adoption.
  6. Promotes decentralized water governance and sharing.

Question 15.
What are the consequences of depleting groundwater resources?
Answer:
The consequences of depleting groundwater resources:

  1. Drying up of wells, falling water tables and pumping costs rising.
  2. Land subsidence and increased flooding in urban areas.
  3. Saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers.
  4. Deterioration of water quality and contamination.
  5. Reduced surface flows in rivers and wetland ecosystems.
  6. Increased socio-economic inequities and livelihood impacts.

Question 16.
On the outline map of India locate the following with suitable Symbols,
a) Hirakud Dam
b) Tarapur Atomic Power Station
c) Noida Softwar e Technology Park
d) Kochi Port
Answer:
AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources Img 1

Question 17.
Locate the following in the given India map.
1) Sardar Sarovar project
2) Nagarjuna Sagar project
3) Bhakranangal project
4) Hirakud project
Answer:
AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources Img 2

Question 18.
Is it possible that ah area or region may have ample water resources but is still facing water scarcity explain with the help of three relevant examples.
Answer:
Yes, it is possible that an area or region may have ample water resources but is still facing water scarcity. Most of our cities are facing this problem.
a) In most of our cities there is no shortage of water but the water is unfit for con-sumption.
b) Most of our cities are in the banks of rivers, but rivers have been turned into toxic streams.
c) The ever increasing population, industries and vehicles has made matter worse by exerting pressure on existing freshwater resources.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources

Question 19.
“Over population or large and growing population cairlead to water scarcity”. Explain mention any two lessons which you have learnt from this ?
Answer:
Over population or large and growing population can lead to water scarcity as:

  • More population means more demand for water.
  • A large population means more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food.
  • Over-population has caused over-consumption of water.
  • As the population increases the burden on natural resources increases too.
  • As the global population grows the demand for water increases in various sectors such as industry, agriculture etc.
  • This heightened demand places additional stress on already limited freshwater resources, loading to water scarcity.

Question 20.
Describe any three different rainwater harvesting systems practised in India.
Answer:
The rainwater harvesting systems practised in India are as follows :

  • In hills and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like guls or kuls for agriculture.
  • Inundation canals were built in the flood plains of Bengal, to irrigate the fields.
  • In arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, agricultural fields were converted into room-fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil.

Question 21.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions.

Today, dams are built notju&t for irrigation but for electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial uses, flood control, recreation, inland, navigation and fish breeding Heme, dams are now referred to as multi-purpose projects, where the many uses of the impounded water are integrated with one another. For example, in theSutluj-Beas river baskt, the Bhakra-Nangal project water is being used both for kydel power production and irrigation. Similarly, the Hirakud project in the Mahanadl basin integrates conservation of water with Hood control.

i) Which multipurpose project is found in the Sutluj-Beas river basin ?
Answer:
Bhakra Nangal project is found in the Sutluj Beas river basin.

ii) On which river the Hirakud dam is built ?
Answer:
On Mahanadi river the Hirakud dam is built.

iii) For which purposes were dams-traditionallv built ?
Answer:
To impound river and rain water for irrigation,

iv) What are the two uses of Hirakud project ?
Answer:
Hirakud dam project is a multipurpose scheme intended for flood control, irrigation and power generation.

Question 22.
Read the given source and answer the following questions.

Many thought that given the disadvantages and rising resistance against the multi-purpose projects. Water harvesting system was a viable alternative, both socio-economically and environmentally. In ancient India, along with the sophisticated hydraulic structures, there existed an extraordinary tradition of water harvesting system. People had in-depth knowledge of rainfall regimes and soil types and developed wide ranging techniques to harvest rainwater, groundwater, river water and flood water in keeping with the local ecological conditions and their water needs. People built diversion, channels like the ‘guts’ or kuls’ of the Western Himalayas for agriculture.

i) Why is water harvesting system a viable alternative ?
Answer:
Rainwater harvesting is comparatively more economical, environmentally viable and socially acceptable alternative as compared to the construction of dams.

ii) What are Guls or Kuls ?
Answer:
Kuls and Guls are channels built by people in the hilly areas. They are made and used for the purpose of irrigation. These are diversion channels.

iii) Where is Gul or Kul water harvesting system practice ?
Answer:
Guls or Kuls are used as channels and are built in the hilly areas of Western Himalayas to serve the purpose of agriculture. .

iv) In which of the following regions, people built ‘Guls and Kuls’ for irrigation ?
Answer:
Western Himalayas.

Question 23.
Read the given source and answer the following questions.

A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment. “Dam” refers to the reservoir rather than the structure. Most dams have a section called a spillway or weir over which or through which it is intended that water will flow either intermittenlyor continuously.
Dams are classified according to structure, intended purpose or height. Based on structure and the materials used, dams are classified as timber dams, embankment dams or masonry dams, with several subtypes. According to the height, dams can be catagorised as large dams and major dams or alternatively as low dams, medium, height dams and high dams.

i) What is a dam ?
Answer:
A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment.

ii) How are dams classified ?
Answer:
Based on structure and the materials used, dams are classified as timber dams, embankment dams or masonry dams.

iii) How are the dams classified on the basis of height ?
Answer:
On the basis of height, dams are commonly classified as low dams, medium dams, and high dams.

iv) Most dams have a section called a _____
Answer:
Spillway.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions: 2 Marks

Question 1.
What are the sources of fresh water on the Earth ?
Answer:
Ponds, lakes, glaciers and rivers are the sources of freshwater on earth. Seas and oceans have salt water.

Question 2.
What is the main purpose of the Bhakra Nangal dam ?
Answer:
The main purpose of the Bhakra Nangal dam is irrigation, storing rainwater. It aims to prevent floods in the Sutluj-Beas river valley to provide irrigation and also hydro-electricity.

Question 3.
What is the importance of Hirakud Dam Project ?
Answer:
The Hirakud Dam project helps control floods in the Mahanadi delta and irrigates 75,000 km2 of land. Hydroelectricity is also generated.

Question 4.
Why is the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the decline in Western Rajasthan?
Answer:
The practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the decline, as a lot of water is available due to the perennial Rajasthan Canal.

Question 5.
Name some hydroelectric projects on Damodar river basin.
Answer:
Maithon, Kanor, Tilaiya and Panchet are some of the hydroelectric project on Damodar river basin.

Question 6.
‘The availability of water resources varies over space and time”. Give reasons.
Answer:
Water resources varies over space and time due to the variation in seasonal and annual precipitation.

Question 7.
Mention any two regions which are expected to face water Shortage.
Answer:
a) Regions having low rainfall.
b) Regions which are drought prone.

Question 8.
What is a dam ?
Answer:
A dam is a barrier across the flowing water that obstructs dissects or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources

Question 9.
What is a multipurpose project ?
Answer:
A multipurpose project is that which fulfils a variety of purposes at the same time, for – example – irrigation, generation of electricity, flood control, fish breeding, soil conservation etc.

Question 10.
Why were the multipurpose river projects considered as temples ?
Answer:
These would integrate development of agriculture and the village economy with rapid industrialisation and growth of the urban economy.

Question 11.
What was the primary reason for launching ‘Narmada Bachao Andolan’ ?
Answer:
Narmada Bachao Andolan was launched due to the large scale displacement of local communities.

Question 12.
How has Tamil Nadu solved the problem of acute shortage of water ?
Answer:

  1. Tamil Nadu adopted roof top water harvesting techniques.
  2. The practice was made mandatory under the law for all houses across the state.
  3. Bamboo Drip Irrigation System is a 200 – year – old technology for draining stream and spring water using bamboo pipes.
  4. It is commonly used in Meghalaya.
  5. The procedure delivers 20-80 drops per minute at the plant site.

Question 13.
Explain any two dramatic changes that occurred in West Punjab in the 19th century, in the field of agriculture.
Answer:

  • In west Punjab, the British Indian Government built a network of irrigation canals to transform semidesert wastes into fertile agricultural lands that could grow wheat and cotton for export.
  • Peasants from various regions of Punjab settled in the regions irrigated by the new canals, known as the Canal Colonies.

Question 14.
Explain any two causes of water scarcity.
Answer:
The causes of water scarcity are :

  • Since, India is the most populated country in the world and for more population, it need more water to produce crops or other domestic use.
  • Excessive use of water in the industries.
  • Production of hydro electricity.
  • Over exploitation of water in urban areas.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions: 1 Mark

Question 1.
What percent of the total volume of world’s water is estimated to exist as ocean ?
Answer:
96.5%.

Question 2.
During whose reign were the dauns, lakes and irrigation system built extensively ?
Answer:
Chandragupta Maurya.

Question 3.
Nagaijuna Sagar Dam is built on which river ?
Answer:
Krishna.

Question 4.
Name the village where almost all the house traditionally had tankas ?
Answer:
Rajasthan.

Question 5.
What is Palar Pani ?
Answer:
Rain water.

Question 6.
How much percentage of global precipitation is received by India ?
Answer:
4%.

Question 7.
Which was the largest artificial lake of ancient India built in the 11th century ?
Answer:
Bhopal lake.

Question 8.
Name the hydraulic structure constructed by Iltutmish in the 14th century for supplying water to Siri Fort area ?
Answer:
Tank in Hauz Khas, Delhi.

Question 9.
Name the oldest water harvesting system channeling the flood water of river Ganga.
Answer:
Sringaverapura near Allahabad.

Question 10.
Name1 the areas where farmers agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during drought ?
Answer:
Koyna basin, Uttar Pradesh.

Question 11.
Name the river on which the Tilaiya, Panchet, Maithon, Konar and Bokaro dams located ?
Answer:
River Damodar.

Question 12.
Name the region of India which suffers from water scarcity ?
Answer:
States like Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana and Western Maharashtra.

Question 13.
What is the contribution of hydroelectricity in the total generation of electricity ?
Answer:
22%

Question 14.
Salal Dam is built on which river ?
Answer:
Chenab.

Question 15.
Which state has made roof top rainwater harvesting structures compulsory to all the houses across the state ?
Answer:
Tamil Nadu.

Question 16.
Which one of the following factors is mainly responsible for declining water level in India? [D]
A) Irrigation
B) Industrialisation
C) Urbanisation
D) Over-utilization

Question 17.
How has Shillong solved the problem of acute shortage of water ?
Answer:
Shillong set up Bamboo drip irrigation systems and Roof top rain water harvesting. The helped Shillong meet its toteil requirement of each household.

Question 18.
What causes water scarcity?
Answer:
Overuse, large populations, irrigation, industrialization.

Question 19.
What are modern dams used for?
Answer:
Electricity, water supply, flood control, navigation.

Question 20.
What is rooftop rainwater harvesting?
Answer:
Collecting rainwater from roofs in underground tanks.

Question 21.
What are disadvantages of big dams?
Answer:
Displacement, floods, environmental impacts.

Question 22.
Out of these statements, which one accurately reflects the situation of water scarcity?
a) Water scarcity is solely caused by low rainfall or drought.
b) Water scarcity is primarily caused by population growth.
c) Water scarcity is mainly due to excessive use and unequal access to water.
d) Water scarcity is the result of pollution in water resources.
Answer:
c) Water scarcity is mainly due to excessive use and unequal access to water.

Question 23.
How can you identify the wrong statement among these statements about water scarcity?
a) Water scarcity can occur even in regions with ample water resources.
b) barge and growing population can contribute to water scarcity.
c) Industrial pollution has no impact on water resources.
d) Unequal access to water can lead to water scarcity.
Answer:
c) Industrial pollution has no impact on water resources.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources

Question 24.
What are the negative impacts of multi-purpose river projects and large dams?
a) Disruption of natural river flow and poor sediment flow.
b) Creation of more water resources in water-scarce areas.
c) Conservation of natural ecosystems.
d) Reduction of conflicts over water allocation
Answer:
a) Disruption of natural river flow and poor sediment flow.

Question 25.
Find the odd one out in terms of causes of water scarcity?
a) Low rainfall and drought
b) Over-exploitation of water resources
c) Population growth
d) Equal access to water
Answer:
d) Equal access to water

Question 26.
Select the odd one out in terms of negative impacts of multi-purpose projects and large dams?
a) Disruption of natural river flow
b) Poor sediment flow
c) Displacement of communities
d) Preservation of natural ecosystems
Answer:
d) Preservation of natural ecosystems

Question 27.
Which of the following is the odd one out in terms of false statements regarding water scarcity?
a) Multiplying urban centers with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in proper utilization of water resources.
b) Regulating and damming of rivers does not affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow.
c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were not agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Indira Gandhi Canal.
Answer:
a) Multiplying urban centers with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in proper utilization of water resources.

Question 28.
What are the steps involved in rooftop rainwater harvesting ?
i) Filtering
ii) Groundwater recharge
iii) Storage in tanks
iv) Transport via pipes
Answer:
iv, i, iii, ii

Question 29.
Arrange the list of the Objectives of National Water Policy.
i) Conservation
ii) Hydropower
iii) Irrigation
iv) Priorities for water allocation
Answer:
iv, i, iii, ii

Question 30.
What are the Features of watershed programs?
Answer:
i) Plantation
ii) Rainwater harvesting
iii) Soil conservation
iv) Livelihood activities

Question 31.
Arrange the Causes of water scarcity ?
i) Over exploitation
ii) Excessive demand
iii) Unequal access
iv) Pollution
Answer:
ii, iv, iii, i

Question 32.
Arrange the some Traditional water systems in the correct sequence.
i) Lakes
ii) Baolis
iii) Temple tanks
iv) Diversion channels
Answer:
iv, iii, i, ii

Question 33.
Assertion (A) : Water scarcity is solely caused by low rainfall or drought.
Reason (R) : Over-exploitation, excessive use, and unequal access to water are not contributing factors to water scarcity.
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion.
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Question 34.
Assertion (A) : Multi-purpose river projects bring water to areas suffering from water scarcity.
Reason (R) : Multi-purpose projects help control floods and generate electricity.
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion.
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.

Question 35.
Assertion (A) : Multi-purpose river projects lead to large-scale displacements and loss of livelihood
Reason (R) : Multipurpose projects generate electricity for industries and homes.
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion.
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.

Question 36.
Assertion (A) : Rainwater becomes a renewable resource when properly harvested and utilized.
Reason (R) : Rain water harvesting is an effective method to conserve and manage water resources.
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertipn.
b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion.
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.

Question 37.
Assertion (A) : Rainwater harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability in Rajasthan.
Reason (R) : Rainwater harvesting can be an effective method to conserve water resources.
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion.
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Question 38.
Assertion (A) : Water scarcity can be solely attributed to low rainfall and low population in a region.
Reason (R) : Pollution does not contribute to the occurrence of water scarcity.
a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion.
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer:
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Question 39.
What is hydrological cycle ?
Answer:
The continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of earth.

Question 40.
What is water scarcity ?
Answer:
Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet the demand.

AP 10th Class Social Geography 3rd Lesson Important Questions Water Resources

Question 41.
What are the temples of modern India ?
Answer:
Dams are considered as the temples of modern India.

Question 42.
Give one argument in favour of multi-purpose project ?
Answer:
Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow help to control floods.

Question 43.
How is freshwater being renewed ?
Answer:
The freshwater is being renewed through the hydrological cycle.

Question 44.
Who proclaimed dams as the temples of modern India ?
Answer:
Jawaharlal Nehru proclaimed dams as the temples of modern India.

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